Académique Documents
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Frank Tinley Hall (1880 1960) was the eldest of Henry and Charlotte (Howitt) Halls three surviving sons.
He was born at their home in Beulah Road, Norwood during the years Henry was working for his fathers
soft drink factory, Geo Hall & Sons. Tinley comes from Franks maternal great grandmother, Elizabeth
Tinley who married William Howitt.
Franks parents: Charlotte (Howitt) and Henry Hall. C 1923. From the Album of Meredith Patterson.
Frank T Hall, Tea Tree Gully 1907. From Richard Hall Archives
Coaching charms palled rapidly for a generation hankering for a faster life.
Frank, born in 1880 in that latter era, and his younger brothers following him might well have travelled by
rail to Ambleside. Ambleside was the alternate name for Hahndorf during WW1. (Reg Butler.)
Back in Hahndorf much admiration attended the tower on the Academy, rising to a height of 35 feet
surmounted by a railing and a flagstaff. The tower also housed a tank to gravitate water to the adjoining
boarders spacious cement plunge-bath, above which hung two showers. Cold showers were mandatory in
summer while heated water from a boiler near the tower made winter baths more bearable.
Below the tower and against the Balhannah Road was another educational novelty, a large gymnasium and
as the Register of 21 September 1883 noted swinging and fixed ladders, horizontal bars, trapezes and
other aids to develop the muscles.
Between four or five young women washed cooked and cleaned for the forty boarders. The maids had a
hard routine. Weekly the carpetless public quarters in the College were scrubbed, in the dormitories fluff
dropped from the inevitably hard flock mattresses had to be swept up. Boarders stowed their terms issue
of clothing in small metal trunks under Spartan black painted cast iron beds between which stood a little
table. A list of contents was stuck under the trunk lid.
Frank became a keen sportsman, excelling in cricket for which he won medals and also for swimming at
age 17. That was also the year he passed the University of Adelaide entrance examination in his last year
at the College.
The cricketing medals were from the Tea Tree Gully and Hahndorf Clubs.
He also played cricket for North Adelaide as well as local cricket where on one occasion it is said, he hit a
six into a gum tree and the ball struck and killed a parrot!!! (Reg Butler College in the Wattles)
Instead of University, Frank chose to go to Africa big game hunting,
according to what he told Angela; also backed up by Robert who confirms
this, adding that Frank was caught up with the outbreak of the Boer War,
enlisted and became a scout up to 50 miles behind enemy lines. With his
love of the land, his uncanny ability to get lost from sight in flat country and
his ability to handle armaments of most sorts, it certainly fits.
He told me about Morant etc., and showed me correspondence mainly about
Morant, Hancock and Witton, and he was on their side; as one had to do
what one had to do. He was disgusted with the end result
I also remember he had some association with horses Robert.
Our Tasmanian cousin writes that he had a horse there of which he was very
fond but was prevented from bringing back to Australia by quarantine
regulations - Janice.
Franks compass c 1900. From
the Richard Hall Archive
Parting with their horses was extremely difficult for the Light Horsemen. Their sentiments are reflected in
the above poem written by Major Oliver Hogue under the name of Trooper Bluegum, (c. WW I)
BOER WAR
HALL, Frank Tinley.
WO100/263.
Carbineers.
Source:
Bush Veldt
From the web site Australians in the Boer War Oz-Boer Data Base.
http://members.pcug.org.au/~croe/ozb/oz_boer_more.cgi?record=8609
On his return from the Boer War, Frank worked with his father Henry
and his brother Arthur on Warboys. It cant all have been work, as
he soon met and fell in love with Ethel Rose Wisdom (1878-1945).
Ethel was born at Largs Bay, SA, June 3, 1878, the eldest child of
George Moulder Wisdom and Sarah Ann Paine of Goodwood, SA.
No doubt after due courting, they married in St Wilfreds Church,
Tea Tree Gully on March 17, 1904.
A photo of them pre marriage taken during a family visit to
Adelaide Hills relatives can be seen on the header photo on
www.hall1818.wordpress.com. The unknown woman next to her is
probably a sister think chaperone!
Frank and Ethel had eight children, all born at Warboys, Tea
Tree Gully; South Australia, listed below in Franks hand writing.
Frank managed Warboys after his parents, Henry and Charlotte retired to Glenelg in 1915 until the
property was sold, after which he and his family moved to 36 Hewitt Ave, Rose Park. The Rose Park
house was bought with a mortgage on 13 April 1920.
The drive-side of Warboys, taken more than 100 years later, but at the same location as the wedding
photo above. c 1970s - From the Album of Meredith Patterson.
Another Warboys
Wardebusc (11th century), Wardebusche (12th century), Wardeboys (13th - 17th century) and Warboys
(Modern).
Warboys is a town about 30 kms north of Cambridge, England. http://www.warboys.cambs.info/
This town had significance for Franks mother, Charlotte (Howitt) Hall.
A strict teetotaler, Frank much objected to wine being made from the Warboys grapes, mostly the grapes
were dried and exported to England but some were sold to the adjacent property of Angoves.
Though the Warboys vineyards no longer exist, Angoves have recently commemorated the name of
Warboys on labels for some of their McLaren Vale wines.
2012, August, McLaren Vale for typicity of style, unique flavor and
personality the selection criteria is rigorous with some 28 wines making the
2010 program. We were successful in our submission of our 2010 Warboys
Vineyard Shiraz to the Scarce Earth program.
he Warboys Vineyard is located in the Seaview sub-region of McLaren Vale
on the corner of Chalk Hill and Oliver roads. The name Warboys is taken
from one of the original vineyards in Tea Tree Gully, SA; my great, great
grandfather, Dr W T Angove used to source fruit from there in the late 1800s.
It was one of his best mates vineyards owned by a gentleman by the name of
Henry Hall and is named for his property, Warboys, in turn named for a town
near Cambridge, England.
From Angoves Warboys vineyard,
McLaren Vale, SA. Photo by
Barbara Dean. c 2016
http://archive-au.com/au/a/angove.com.au/2013-03-18_1652912_35/2012_November_McLaren_Vale/ )
Viewed in archive 24 Sep 2016)
Warboys vineyard in winter. Trees and vines are difficult to define and no longer in existence, though the house survives. From the Album
of Meredith Patterson c 1990s
Frank apparently and relentlessly, often sent his boys into the surrounding Humbug Scrub to flush out
rabbits, foxes or anything else that moved, edible or otherwise. Often the boys became lost, frightened and
needed rescuing from those seemingly endless thick bush hills and valleys related to Robert by his
father GW.
Douglas Hall records in his album, of 1921, now belonging to his son John, that when the family sold
Warboys, my brother Frank Jr., age 12, made several trips on his own with a two horse trolley to Rose
Park with furniture, wood etc., and finally in the wagonette with his sister Pat, the cat, the dog and the odd
bits and pieces of our belongings.
Image at right - Warboys, possibly 40s or 50s,
much changed under other ownership. The
significant feature here is the two big trees that
given their size must have been planted by the
Halls. It has been said that early settlers planted
trees that varied from the natural vegetation and
stood out as a landmark otherwise devoid, as a
guide or orientation point. Palm trees were
another variety often used, that could be seen
from a distance to guide visitors.
Henry and Charlotte Hall had moved to Glenelg in
1915 where a house was rented a house at 9 St
Annes Terrace until 1927.
ROSE PARK
Front Gate at Number 36 Hewitt Ave. From Barbara Dean collection: taken by realtor, prior to sale by auction, The
Advertiser, c 14 April 2007
Above - from a newspaper advertisement, c 14 April, 1966. Barbara Dean Collection. Some changes have been made by subsequent
owners.
The house at Rose Park was built of sandstone/bluestone, had five bedrooms, a front sleep-out, and in the
back yard a huge sleep-out where all six boys slept in their teen and young adult years.
Robert has memories of sleeping in this draughty place in his youth when the family visited from Pt
Augusta, where his father was employed at that time. This is echoed by his younger brother Chris, and
Barbara too remembers the six iron frame beds lined up in that sleep-out, though she never had to sleep
there!
The rooms in the house were allocated to old Granny Charlotte, Grandma and Grandpa, Auntie Pat and the
maid. I always remember them having a maid and bad plumbing in the bathroom.
Pats husband George fixed the plumbing when they lived with Frank after their marriage. -
Robert.
If you let the water more than trickle out of the bath it ran all over the floor which had a lead covering on
it. The toilet was way, way down the backyard. The yard was graveled and had to be raked every day.
Granny Charlotte always promised to give us 2 shillings when we visited. Sadly, either due to
failing eyesight or devious cunning, the 2 bob coin turned out to be a penny! - Chris.
Memories of the wooden drain-board in the kitchen and Auntie Pat shaping butter between two
wooden paddles; and an ice-box refrigerator possibly in the central room, not the kitchen Margaret
Janice Menzies, daughter of Frank and Ethels first child Dorothy, and our eldest cousin, reflects on her
early memories in her story My Family, 1995; and I quote with her permission (June 2016).
Grandma Ethel Rose was a pleasant plump lady who after having eight children told Grandpa Frank that
enough was enough, so he moved into his gun room to sleep! I can remember loving Grandma but being
in awe of Grandpa. He had a nasty habit of sending me down to the cellar for something and then turning
off the light used to scare me witless.
Frank was a great gun man, winning many trophies. He had I remember, a room filled with guns, where he
spent most of his time even sleeping there. He and his sons won the Father and Son shoot for South
Australia.
Back: Frank; Brian; Doug; Ron; their father, Frank. c 1935 Front: Arthur; George. From the Album of Richard Hall
My mum, Dorothy didnt live here much as she was sent at a young age, about 9 or 10, to live with her
grandparents Charlotte and Henry at Glenelg. This made one less at home and she was expected to be an
unpaid servant to her grandparents, living with them until she married in 1927, eventually moving to
Tasmania after trying farming in the Willunga Hills.
We had many return trips to Adelaide. We used to travel by car with Dad to Launceston and then catch
"The Taroona" mostly to Melbourne. The boat was quite big and came all the way up the Tamar to Kings
Wharf. Sometimes on a return trip the boat would miss the tide and it would have to wait at the heads for
the next tide. The boat usually took from about 4.00 p.m. one day until about 10.00 a.m. the next day to get
from Launceston to Melbourne. Then we would have a full day to fill in as the train didn't leave for Adelaide
until 7.00 p.m. that night. Crossing Bass Strait was very rough in that boat and we were nearly always
seasick. One year, Uncle Ron Hall (who was a great teaser) told me to wrap my body in brown paper,
under my clothes of course, and then he said I wouldn't be seasick. So I did this (I must have been about
12 years old then) and believe it or not, I wasn't sick at all but Mum and Bob were. Sometimes during the
day in Melbourne we'd go to the Melbourne Zoo. This was considered a great treat as we had nothing like it
in Tasmania.
The train would leave promptly at 7.00 p.m. and we would travel second class sitting up all night long. At
Tailem Bend the train would stop and people would get out to buy a pie and a drink, there wasn't any food
aboard (not second class, anyway). We never got out; we always had our own sandwiches and drinks with
us. I can still hear the noise the train made crossing the plains at night. At about 9.00 a.m. the next day
we'd arrive at Adelaide Station and Grandpa Frank would be there to meet us and take us to Rose Park in
his old car. It was a really old one; I don't know what model. It was a real adventure to ride in the car with
Grandpa as he: drove flat out blowing his horn at every intersection to let everyone know he was coming
across but he never slowed or stopped. We used to hold our breath for fear of a smash.
We used to stay at Rose Park. We also used to visit Auntie Cora Hall at Tea Tree Gully I loved this trip.
Auntie Cora my great Aunt, (wife of Franks brother Arthur) was a sweetie. At Rose Park Auntie Pat
(Mum's young sister) still lived at home, she was only eight years older than me and Grandma had a live-in
maid, Roma; this I considered the height of luxury. Old Grannie Charlotte was there as well so it was a full
house.
I used to sleep in the front sleep-out off Grandma's room. This had a door but I always got in and out the
window to Grandma's room. She had the softest big bed I've ever been in. The maid had to help clean the
house, which included emptying the "slops". Each room had a chamber pot as the toilet was way, way
down the backyard. Grannie (Charlotte) and Grandma (Ethel) had commodes. These were like big wicker
chairs and the seat lifted up and the pot was inside it.
Grandma did the cooking and she and the maid dished up. Then Grandma would come into the dining
room with the rest of us and ring the bell for the maid to bring the meal in. As you can imagine, by the time
it got to the table, it wasn't very hot. They had a huge cedar table with several loose leaves and out full it
could seat about twenty people.
Ethel was a great cook and puddings with treacle sauce have never been surpassed in this young boys
memory - Robert
After the meal the maid would have to clear the
table and wash up. I used to have to help with
this; and Auntie Pat too. The last trip we made
to Adelaide was in 1945 when Grandma was
dying and they sent for Mum. We stayed nearly
four weeks and she died just after we got home
Janice.
Meredith, being just 5 when Grandma Ethel
died, has only one strong memory of her. On a
family visit to number 36, she remembers her
meeting us at the front door and of being
enveloped in a swathe of lavender fabric, in
hindsight, the skirt of her dress, at about the
level of her knees as she hugged me, saying
yum, yum, yum. Clearly an endearment! Meredith
Unlike Chris, he being that bit older, and being
asked to sing for her, no doubt to everyones
delight but his own; at least in my
reminiscence. Chris.
In the newspaper cutting above, 8 Trophies to Veteran, the acute observer may have noted the name C.
Hall half way down the second column. Believe it or not, that was me. I was 18 at the time, and had had
some trophy success in the Cadets at school, and hence, happily, did not make a fool of myself in such
elite rifle shooting company. We all knew Pop was so proud to have 4 sons and a grandson shooting with
him. Did he actually say so? Predictably not a word - he was that sort of man Chris.
Most of us will recall that Rose Park room where he spent so many years of his later life. Oh so dreary,
dark, dank and gloomy with the overpowering stench of gun oil. In a strange way, we admired his passion
for his sport/hobby Chris.
His older brother recalls, I also shot with Pop at the Metropolitan Rifle Club but very quickly reached 2
decisions, firstly 12 gauge shooting was more fun, and secondly girls were more rewarding than lying in the
rain for hours. I also dogged hares and foxes in paddocks, in scrub and in many other unlikely places [with
Pop] and found that while the work was hard I finally woke up to the fact he was teaching me things. Robert.
At one time Frank worked for the Harris Scarf department store, headhunted to look after the gun section.
It seems he was there only about 6-8 months in 1946/7. Robert
Throughout most of his life Frank spent many of his days bird nesting and hunting rabbits and foxes in the
Willunga Hills and elsewhere; the rabbits were then hung in a meat safe from the fig tree out the back of
number 36 Hewitt Avenue under which his fox terrier Meggsie had a kennel Robert & Meredith.
Margaret also has a similar memory but maybe a hare?
Frank could make a whistle that sounded like an injured rabbit to lure a fox from its den.
Rifles were always a large interest of Franks and the rifle below is one of which he had many.
One of Franks many rifles, passed on to Richard Hall from his father Brian, from
his father Frank Hall.
From the Richard Hall Archives, now disposed of. C 2011
Frank won trophies in his own right and in Father and Son competitions. Frank was a .303 rifle man;
competing often in matches in Hahndorf, Tea Tree Gully, Adelaide Metropolitan, and also representing
Australia in International competitions at Bisley in Surrey England, along with his eldest son, Ron.
The photo below is of Franks shooting medals c 1900 - 1960
Frank also served his country during WW II, c 1945, mostly in munitions.
One of Franks hobbies was collecting eggs and he spent many years making an extensive collection of
eggs from a large variety of birds. This collection is now housed in the South Australian Museum,
Adelaide, courtesy of Peter Hall.
The F.T. Hall Egg Collection
Frank Tinley Hall of Tea Tree Gully, South Australia, 13 Oct. 1880 - 5 Sep. 1960
The Hall Collection was purchased by the SA Museum from Peter Hall, FT Hall's grandson, in 1979. The
collection was registered by Shane Parker in July 1980.
Content: originally 350 clutches when purchased, but a number of clutches were discarded due to their
poor condition. 294 clutches were registered, most collected in SA, with some from all other states except
WA. Collection dates range from 1884 to 1947. FT Hall collected many of the clutches, mainly around Tea
Tree Gully, and also acquired clutches from other collectors; mainly A.H.C. Zietz and J.W. Hosking.
Mannum
Mannum
Lake Buloke
Black Swamp
Pellaring Flats
Lake Buloke
Mannum
Mannum
Bool Lagoon
Pellaring Flats
River Murray
Bellchambers Lagoon/near
34 55 00
Mannum
S
139 18 00 E
River Murray
34 55 00 S
139 18 00 E
South-West Victoria
36 20 00 S
142 55 00 E
Southern Mount Lofty Ranges
35 26 00 S
138 50 00 E
River Murray district
34 51 00 S
139 23 00 E
South-West Victoria
36 20 00 S
142 55 00 E
River Murray
Lagoon near Mannum
34 55 00 S
139 18 00 E
River Murray
Bellchambers Lagoon
34 55 00 S
139 18 00 E
South-East South Australia
37 07 00 S
140 42 00 E
Northern South Australia
River Murray district
Northern South Australia
Central Australia
34 51 00 S
139 23 00 E
Blanchetown
Port Pirie
Golden Grove
Golden Grove
Bool Lagoon
Golden Grove
Golden Grove
Tea Tree Gully
Port Prime
Tea Tree Gully
Tea Tree Gully
Bool Lagoon
Two Wells
139 37 00 E
138 00 00 E
138 44 00 E
138 44 00 E
140 42 00 E
138 44 00 E
138 44 00 E
138 45 00 E
138 20 00 E
138 45 00 E
138 45 00 E
140 42 00 E
138 31 00 E
Mannum
Adelaide District
Adelaide District
34 49 00 S
34 49 00 S
138 45 00 E
138 45 00 E
Adelaide District
Adelaide District
34 49 00 S
34 49 00 S
138 45 00 E
138 45 00 E
Bool Lagoon
37 07 00 S
140 42 00 E
Bellchambers Lagoon/near
34 55 00
Mannum
S
139 18 00 E
Example of spreadsheets in Excel of the full collection catalogued in the museum and registered by Shane Parker, July 1980
Hermitage
Pellaring Flats
Pellaring Flats
Mannum
Two Wells
River Murray
River Murray
River Murray district
Adelaide Plains
34 49 00 S
138 46 00 E
34 51 00 S
139 23 00 E
34 51 00 S
139 23 00 E
Bellchambers Lagoon/near
34 55 00
Mannum
S
139 18 00 E
1.5 miles S.E. of Two
34Wells
35 00 S
138 31 00 E
Franks car, we believe, was a Dodge Flying Four as recorded in Assets listed after his death. Possibly a
1930s model or earlier, with running boards both sides, soft top, a spare wheel fixed on the back plus a
series of hooks from which to hang game. There was also a reinforced front bumper bar, presumably to
flatten scrub. I distinctly remember that it had a wooden steering wheel (fat not skinny), a two bar front
bumper bar, (horizontal), round clutch & brake pedals, an absolute vertical rise in the rear hood and
wooden wheels. Robert.
Another addition of course, was the canvas water bag hanging from the front bumper bar Meredith
The following photo seems to be one of those moments during outback travel of that era. Maybe all ended
well as in the next photo, c 1930s
Meredith also remembers Frank parking his car in the lane behind her parents house (then 17, Portrush
Rd) when he arrived for the occasional Sunday roast; he got on well with Arthurs wife Kath; they discussed
books a lot and this ties in with Ians book gift from Pop, The Old Man and the Boy that he so enjoyed.
Yet another instance of the man, our grandfatherFor whatever reason, just after Meredith finished school (57), a photo appeared in the Social Pages of
her, no doubt instigated by her mother, she was wearing a skirt and blouse with a cummerbund, then
fashionable, or so we teens thought. Franks disapproval is remembered You should have been wearing
a dress! - Meredith
This brings us to another discovery of Barbaras, Franks book of Tennyson Poems inscribed to him by
Ethel shortly before they were married. He mentions Tennyson again in one of his many letters.
One Christmas dinner at the Pt Willunga shack Meredith remembers some consternation because Kath
had deliberately slipped Frank a small silver charm in his serve of pudding which failed to materialize at the
end of the course; had he swallowed it or was he just hiding it?!!
Another Pt Willunga story remembered by Meredith is a visit by Pop and Auntie Pat in the days before our
shack. (Pre 1948) As a treat, not sure to whom, but Ian and Meredith were driven home in the back of
Pops car. Ian had just learnt to whistle and was trying it out in the back seat. Pops hearing might have
been failing a little as he thought his car was misbehaving or maybe the tuneless whistling was just getting
on his nerves, so Pat had to ask Ian to stop. The highlight of the journey of course was reaching the top of
Tapleys Hill at dusk and looking down on fairyland the lights of Adelaide.
Pats son John recently talked about spending much time with our grandfather, as he would have, living in
the same house. One of his memories was of them going crabbing together John S.
Frank was also a letter writer corresponding with his sons, Doug and Brian, and they with him during WW
II; and also with his daughter Dorothy when she was living away from home as a young girl.
He surely would have visited Dorothy after her marriage when she and her husband were farming in the
Willunga Hills but I doubt he visited after their move to Tasmania, though Ethel did, evidenced by a
postcard to Ron.
A Day Out - Ethel, Frank - and the axe! c1941. (The nearest he gets to a
smile in a photo, except on his wedding day). Barbara Dean Collection
More memories Richards sister recalls, "Grandpa called me Darkie, I often wondered whether he knew my name, having
so many grandchildren; it was a term of endearment. Was Barbara also Darkie? We both had similar
skin, hair and eye colour Margaret.
I think all I can say is I'm unsure. Its quite possible but I really don't know, quite often it was girlie
Barbara.
Sues memories of living with Pop
sitting on his lap in an old cane chair, squeezing his fingers and being amazed at how they stayed
squeezed!
Megs biting me and not coming home next day because " she'd run so fast after a rabbit that her
heart stopped"! Pop was quiet and miserable after that.
Finally talked mum into letting me have a budgie, only to have Pop come home and release my little
budge 'cos he didn't agree with birds being caged!!
He used Solyptol soap & always smelt really fresh. He whistled constantly around the house Oh
Susannah!
Pop had brown bread (and it was BROWN!) I loved his bread but was only allowed our white - with
dripping, after school.
Probably due to his deafness, he had a steel rod that went into a specially drilled hole behind his
bedroom door with hand space to remove it for those of us who knew.
He also had a pistol under a book by his bed.
The night he died he'd been babysitting us while George & Pat were out square dancing, or at a
canasta night. I think mum was horrified to know we'd been in the care of our dead grandfather. I
woke next morning to over-hear dad on the phone advising family of his death. My first question
was "how's mum?" the response - "she's in bed and you are not to go in there!" So off in my ski
jamas to Pop's room and there he was, with his jaw tied up!
PS: I loved him dearly Sue.
The photo below shows family camaraderie, father Frank and sons, Ron & Doug, c 1946.
As a whole we Halls were not an overly clannish lot, and wider family gatherings were rare. Below are two
photos of a gathering in the early 60s of Franks Adelaide based family and their spouses (61/62)?
Back Row: Kath; Frank; Jean; Doug; Arthur; Ron. Front: Pat; Marj; Brian; Gwlad; George; Betty; Joyce. Family
Album of Meredith Patterson.
Behind: Kath; Jean; Frank; Ian; Arthur; George S; Ron. Foreground: Pat; Marj; Brian; Betty; Joyce. From the
Family Album Meredith Patterson
Chris adds I was 21 when FTH died. Despite being a medical student at the time, his cause of death is
unknown to me. Grandma Ethel, who died when I was 6, had cirrhosis of the liver, totally unrelated
to alcohol consumption.
The general consensus is that Frank died of heart failure. See death certificates in Appendix.
APPENDIX
Birth certificate for Franks mother, Charlotte Howitt January 14, 1846
Title for Hewitt Ave., Rose Park, Sth Australia. 1920 - 1961
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Barbara and Meredith appreciate our cousins sharing their memories with us, and their quotes have
enriched our perception of Frank and Ethel Hall, our grandparents. We would not know a fraction of this
history today if it wasnt for Joyce Hall, Douglas and Brian Hall and those, including our cousins who saved
now valuable material. The early combined but sometimes separate research or conservation of photos,
documents etc., now benefit us all.
We also acknowledge and thank our husbands, the two Deans, one by first name, the other by surname,
for their often, essential technical assistance and patience.
Underlying all of this is the work that Jo-Anne Shaw, another Hall cousin, contributes making this available
to all on the Hall blog site- for more Hall and Howitt information click on this link to visit the blog site.
www.hall1818.wordpress.com
We are keen to gather more photos and stories so please dont hesitate to contact us with your family
stories and photos.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Butler, Reg, College in the Wattles: Hahndorf and its academy, Hahndorf: Hahndorf Academy Foundation, 1989.