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HEAT TRANSFER
1.Fouriers Law described heat transfer by
(a)conduction
(b)convection
(c)radiation
(d)all (a), (b) and (c)
2.The equation
is known as
(a)Reynolds equation
(b)Prandtl equation
(c)Vant Hoffs general equation
(d)Fouriers general equation
(b)W/ m. K
(c)W/K
(d)W/ m2.
4. Flow is proportional to
(a)potential X resistance
(b)potential/conductance
(c)potential X conductance
(d)none of the above
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(b)the conductance for a quantity of material 1 m thick with heat flow area
1m2, time unit 1 sec and temperature difference 1 K
7.For heat transfer through a composite wall, overall resistance to heat transfer is
(a)sum of the resistance
(b)product of the resistance
(c)a ratio of (sum of the resistances)/(product of the resistances)
(d)(sum of the resistances) + (product of the resistances)
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(b)m/s2
(c)m2/s2
(d)m2/s
(a)
(b)
(c)
15.For heat transfer by conduction through a uniformly tapered rod, which of the
following is true ?
(a)Flux=constant
(b)(Flux)(area)=constant
(c)none of the above
16.A hot fluid is stored in a spherical container which has an outside diameter do and
an inside diameter di. Heat flows through the wall of the container radially outwards.
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(b)
(c)
(d)
17. The wall of an oven consists of two layers of insulating bricks. In between the
layers there is an air gap. The presence of air gap will
18.Consider the composite wall with an air gap described in problem (17). Heat
transfer through the composite wall occurs by (assume that radiative heat transfer is
not important)
(a)conduction only
(b)convection only
(c)both conduction and convection
19.A steel pipe having an outside diameter of 1.32 inch and an inside diameter of
1.049 inch is used to transport a hot fluid. Heat transfer occurs radially outwards.
The area for heat transfer per unit length of the pipe is
(a)0.739in2
(b)1.038in2
(c)1.179in2
(d)2.41in2
20.Thermal conductivity of a solid varies with temperature according to the relation
K=a + bT. Between 30oC and 60oC mean thermal conductivity of the solid is equal
to
(a)a + 30 b
(b)a + 45 b
(c)a + 60b
(d)a + 90 b
21.Consider a composite wall consisting of three layers of insulation of length L1, L2
and L3, and thermal conductivities k1, k2 and k3respectively. The insulating layers
are placed in sequence 1, 2 and 3 and a certain rate of heat transfer results. If the
order in now reversed to 3, 2, 1, rate of heat transfer through the wall under
otherwise uniform conditions.
(a)will decrease
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(b)will increase
(c)will remain unchanged
(d)cannot be predicted, more information required
(a)0.0165
(Btu/hr,oF)1
(b)0.0278
(Btu/hr,oF)1
(c)0.0379 (Btu/hr,oF)1
(d)none of the above
(a)2500 kcal/m2.h
(b)5000 kcal/m2.h
(c)7500 kcal/m2.h
(d)10,000kcal/m2.h
24.Heat transfer by convection may be of two kinds : free and forced.When the fluid
motion is mechanically produced, the convection is said to be
(a)free convention
(b)forced convection
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(c)(Ra. Pr)1/4<< 1
(d)none of the above
28.Consider heat loss through pipe insulation. At the critical radius r=rc, heat loss
is
(a)Maximum
(b)minimum
(c)zero
(d)none of the above
b)
c)
d)
( Ki: thermal conductivity of insulation ha: film resistance at the external surface of
insulation).
30.Consider a pipe which has to be insulated. The inside diameter of the pipe is di
and the outside diameter is do. The insulation should be so designed that
(a)2 rc< do
(b)2 rc>
do
(c)2 rc=
do
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31.For calculation of heat flow through a pipe wall, area based on logarithmic mean
diameter is used as heat transfer area. However if the inside diameter of a pipe is
greater than 0.75 of the outside diameter, area based on arithmetic mean diameter
may be used without any significant error. Consider now the following problem. A
steel pipe having an outside diameter of 2.38 inch and an inside diameter of 2.067
inch is used to transport a hot fluid.The inside wall temperature is 100oC and the
outside wall temperature is 95oC. The thermal conductivity of steel is 26
Btu/ft.hr.oF. Under these conditions the heatflow rate for heat transfer radically
outwards, based on logarithmic mean area, is 10435 Btu/(lin ft)(hr). The heat flow
rate based on arithmetic mean area is
(a)10435Btu/(lin.ft.) (hr.)
(b)10444Btu/(lin.ft)(hr)
(c)10500Btu/(lin.ft.) (hr.)
(d)10970Btu/(lin.ft.) (hr.)
32.A steel pipe, 2.38 inch O.D. and 2.067 inch I.D., is being used to transport a cold
fluid. The pipe is insulated with inch Kapok. The outer wall temperature of the pipe
is O.C. If the heat transfer rate per linear ft. of the pipe is 19.35 Btu/hr, what will be
the outer surface temperature of Kapok. The thermal conductivity of Kapok is 0.020
Btu/ft.hr.oF.
(a)10oC
(b)20oC
(c)30oC
(d)40oC
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43.Nusselt number for forced convection heat transfer in pipe of diameter D is defined
as
(a)h D/K
(b)h K/D
(c)K D/h
(d)K D/h2
44.When the ratio of Grashof number to the square of the Reynolds number is unity,
the dominant mechanism for heat transfer is
(a)Free convection
(b) Entry length problem in laminar forced convection ( developing thermal
boundary layer)
(c)Mixed convection( both free and forced)
(d)Forced convection
45.A small metal ball at 30oC is placed in a hot liquid (taken in a vessel) at 150oC.
The liquid is stirred slowly and liquid volume is much larger compared to the ball
volume. Without any other numerical data what can you say about the Biot number ?
(a)Biot number will be large
(b)Biot number will be small
(c)Nothing can be said about the Biot number data required for even crude
prediction.
Pr)2/3
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(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
49.For heat transfer in tube flow Graetz number and Fourier number are related by
equation
(a)NGZ. NFO=JH
(b)NGZ. NFO=
(c)NGZ.NFO=NRe
(d)NGZ.NFO=
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53. In fintube heat exchanger fins are provided on the tubes to increase heat
transfer area. Now large fin effectiveness results from
56.In order to get large fin effectiveness, fins are so designed that
(a)most of the fin operates at a surface temperature very different from the
fin root temperature
(b)most of the fin operates at a surface temperature not very different from
the fin root temperature
(c) they provide large surface area for heat transfer, the operating
temperature mentioned in part (a) and (b) in not important.
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(a)N0.58
(b)N1.31
(c)N10.87
(d)none of these are satisfied
58.In a fintube heat exchanger, fins are placed on the side having
(a)maximum heat conductance
(b)minimum thermal resistance
(c)minimum heat conductance
(d)either (a) or (b)
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