4.

electrical u com
Online Electrical Engineering

SHOW MENU

Induction Type Meters

Related topics

Electrical Measuring Instruments

Errors in Measurement
Permanent Magnet Moving Coil Instrument
Moving Iron Instrument
Electrostatic Type Instruments
Thermocouple Type Instruments
Rectifier Type Instruments
Wheatstone Bridge
Kelvin Bridge

Maxwell Bridge

Anderson s Bridge

Hay s Bridge
Owen s Bridge
Schering Bridge

Heaviside Bridge
De Sauty s Bridge
Temperature Sensors and its types
Resistance Temperature Detector or RTD
Thermocouple Temperature Measurement
Thermistor Thermometer
Radiation Pyrometer
Bimetallic Strip Thermometer
Optical Pyrometer

Electrodynamometer Type Wattmeter

Induction Type Meters
Energy Meter with Lag Adjustment Devices
Low Power Factor Wattmeter

Working Principle of Potentiometer

Megger
Power Factor Meters
Varmeter
Measurement of Three Phase Power
Weston Type Frequency Meter
Phase Sequence Indicator
Loop Tests
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope

This page is all about

Induction Type Meters

Advantages of Induction Type Meters

Induction Type Meters

SoftwareDefinedRadio
SimplifyRFRadioDesignWithADISDRPlatforms.GetBrochureHere.

The principle of working and construction of induction type meter is

'

very simple and easy to understand that s why these are widely used in
measuring energy in domestic as well as industrial world

In all induction

meters we have two fluxes which are produced by two different

alternating currents on a metallic disc

an induced emf

given below

Due to alternating fluxes there is

the emf produced at one point

interacts with the alternating

as shown in the figure

current of the other side

resulting in the production of torque

Similarly

the emf produced at the point two interacts with the

alternating current

at point one

again but in opposite direction

are in different directions

resulting in the production of torque

Hence due to these two torques which

the metallic disc moves

of working of an induction type meters

This is basic principle

Now let us derive the

mathematical expression for deflecting torque

Let us take flux

1 and the flux and at point two be

produced at point one be equal to F

2. Now the instantaneous values of these two flux can written

equal to F

as

Top10HydraulicHose
HydraulicHose&RubberHoseFactoryfromChina,Reliable&Professional.

math

] _1= _{ 1} \
F

sin omega t

\ \ _ = _{ 2} (\

,;; 2
F

sin

- ),[/

omega t B

math

where F
and F

2,

and F

are respectively the maximum values of fluxes F

B is phase difference between two fluxes

'

We can also write the expression for induced emf s at point one be

math

] _1\;=\;-\ { ( _1)}{ }\;\;

E

frac d F

at point two

dt

and

\;\; _2=-\ { ( _2)}{ }[/

E

frac d F

dt

math

Thus we have the expression for eddy currents at point one

is

math

] _1=\ { _1}{ }\;=\; \

I

frac E

_1,[/

K times f times F

math

where K is some constant and f is frequency

1, F2, E1, E2, I1 and I2. From

Let us draw phasor diagram clearly showing F

phasor diagram

1 and I2 are respectively lagging behind E1

it clear that I

2 by angle A.

and E

The angle between F

1 and F2 is B. From the phasor diagram the angle

2 and I1 is

between F

(90+ + ).
B

(90- + )
B

1 and I2 is

and the angle between F

Thus we write the expression for deflecting torque as

] _{ 1}\;=\; \
_2\
_1\
_1\
_2\ \ { }{ } (90- + ),[/

math

K times

times F

times

frac f

times

Z cos

times

[ ] _{ 2}\;=\; \
[/ ]
math

K times

math

The total torque is T

K times

is

_1\

(90- + )\;=\; \

math

2 ,

Similarly the expression for Td

cos

times

_2\

times

\ { }{ } (90+ + )
frac f

Z cos

2, on substituting the the value of T 1 and T 2

and simplying the expression we get

[ ] _{ 1}- _{ 2}\;=\; \
{ } ( ) ( ),[/ ]
math

Z sin B cos A

K times

_1\

times

_2\

times

\ {}
frac f

math

Which is known as the general expression for the deflecting torque in the

induction type meters

Now there are two types of induction meters and

they are written as follows

()

()

a Single phase type

Three phase type induction meters

Here we are

going to discuss about the single phase induction type in detail

Given

below is the picture of single phase induction type meter

Single

phase

induction

type

energy

meter

consists

of

four

important

systems which are written as follows

()
a

Driving system

Driving system consists of two electromagnets on

which pressure coil and current

the diagram

coils are wounded

as shown above in

The coil which consisted of load current

is called

coil while coil which is in parallel with the supply voltage

across the coil is same as the supply voltage

(. .
i e

current

voltage

is called pressure coil

Shading bands are wounded on as shown above in the diagram so as to

90

make angle between the flux and and applied voltage equal to

degrees

()
b

Moving system

In order to reduce friction to greater extent floating

shaft energy meter is used the friction is reduced to greater extinct

because the rotating disc which is made up of very light material like

aluminium is not in contact with any of the surface

It floats in the air

One question must be arise in our mind is that how the aluminium disc

float in the air

To answer this question we need to see the

constructional details of this special disc

actually it consists of small

magnets on both upper and lower surfaces

The upper magnet is

attracted to an electromagnet in upper bearing while the lower surface

magnet also attracts towards the lower bearing magnet

hence due to

these opposite forces the light rotating aluminium disc floats

()
c

Braking system

A permanent magnet is used to produce breaking

torque in single phase induction energy meters which are positioned

near the corner of the aluminium disc

()
d

Counting system

Numbers marked on the meter are proportion to

the revolutions made by the aluminium disc

the main function of this

system is to record the number of revolutions made by the aluminium

disc

Now let us look at the working operation of the single phase

induction meter

In order to understand the working of this meter let us

consider the diagram given below

Here we have assumed that the pressure coil is highly inductive in

nature and consists of very large number of turns

the pressure coil is I

degrees

(1)
(2)
F

This

current produces flux F

F is divided into two parts F

and

.
.

It is responsible for the production of driving torque in the

the current

90

which moves on the small reluctance part across the side gaps

aluminium disc

which lags behind voltage by an angle of

The current flowin in

It moves from high reluctance path and is in phase with

in the pressure coil

and current

is alternating in nature and thus emf

The load current

which is shown in the above

diagram is flowing through the current coil produces flux in the

aluminium disc

and due this alternating flux there on the metallic disc

an eddy current is produced which interacts with the flux Fp which

results in production of torque

As we have two poles

are produced which are opposite to each other

thus two torques

Hence from the theory

of induction meter that we have discussed already above the net torque

is the difference of the two torques

Advantages of Induction Type Meters

(1)
(2)
(3)

Following are the advantages of induction type meters

They are inexpensive as compared to moving iron type instruments

They

have

high

torque

is

to

weight

ratio

as

compared

to

other

instruments

They retain their accuracy over wide range of temperature as well as

loads

Enter your suggestion comment here

Enteryournamehere

Enteryouremailhere

Enteryourlocationhere

Enteryourcomments/suggestionhere

Entertheabovecodehere
RegenerateCode

Submit

Reset

20112015electrical4u.Thecontentiscopyrightedtoelectrical4uandmaynotbe
reproducedonotherwebsites.