TE

Th ermoc ou pl es

Application Examples

Used to sense temperature within the following medium or

processes.
Liquids
Hot and cold gases enviroments
Chemical processing plants
Heat treatment
Food industry
Pulp and paper industries
Power generation plants
Furnaces
Mineral processing applications
Plastic and rubber extrusion

ORDERING CODE

Description of Operation
A Thermocouple is a temperature sensing device constructed
of two dissimilar wires fused at one end to form a junction.
The construction is normally of mineral insulated cable where
the thermocouple conductors are embedded in a closely
compacted inert mineral powder and surrounded by a metal
sheath to form a hermetically sealed assembly.

When measuring a thermocouple with a multimeter, to

calculate the correct temperature reading, the value measured
on the multimeter should be added to the working
environment's ambient temperature. The following sum will
ensure that when reading off the charts, the correct value is
calculated.
Et = Eh + Ec

Under the effects of heat on the fused junction an E.M.F. in the

form of millivolts is generated which can be measured and
provides an indication of the temperature.

Et = EMF total
Eh = EMF of hot junction

Temperature instrumentation can be used to measure this

reading by taking the value of the hot junction as well as the
cold junction, combining the values and thus providing a
reading.

Ec = EMF of ambient temperature

Dimensional Diagram

Insulation
(see ordering code)

Element Length
(see ordering code)

Precision Measures Perfection

Thermocouple Ordering Code

E

0500

SA

01FB

PVC*

* = Only applicable when selecting

options FL and PT

0300*

INSULATION LENGTH

INSULATION
MOUNTING

COLD JUNCTION
TERMINATION

Code
0
01FB
02FB
03FB
04FB
01AB
02AB
03AB
04AB
01FS
02FS
03FS
04FS
01AS
02AS
03AS
04AS

Mounting
No Fitting
1/8 Fixed Brass
1/4 Fixed Brass
1/2 Fixed Brass
3/4 Fixed Brass
1/8 Compression Brass
1/4 Compression Brass
1/2 Compression Brass
3/4 Compression Brass
1/8 Fixed Stainless Steel
1/4 Fixed Stainless Steel
1/2 Fixed Stainless Steel
3/4 Fixed Stainless Steel
1/8 Compression Stainless Steel
1/4 Compression Stainless Steel
1/2 Compression Stainless Steel
3/4 Compression Stainless Steel

Code
0
PVC
SIL
SSB
FEP

Insulation *
None
PVC/PVC
Silicone/Silicone
FB/FB SS Braided
Teflon/Teflon

Code Termination
FL Flying leads no potseal. (Specify length in mm.)
PT Potseal & tails (100mm). (Specify extra cable length.)
SA Small aluminium WP head
LA Large aluminium WP head
PM Plug male of T/C calibration material
JF Jack female of T/C calibration material
SL Spring loaded DIN block
CI Cast Iron head
TS Transition pot with spring. (Specify length in mm.)
XX Explosion proof head
Note: See diagram on page 26.

ELEMENT LENGTH

INSULATION

MATERIAL

Insulation

Code
U

Ungrounded

Grounded

Exposed

Code

CALIBRATION TYPE

GROUP

Code
150
300
320
450
475
600
635
950

Material
304 Stainless Steel
310 Stainless Steel
316 Stainless Steel
347 Stainless Steel
446 Stainless Steel
Inconel Alloy 600
Cupro Nickel

A
B
C
D
E
F
G

OUTSIDE PROBE DIAMETER

Insulation *
Lengths(mm)
0
0100
0200
0300
0400
0500
0600
0700
0800
0900
1000
1100

Heat & Corrision

Resistance

Lengths (mm)
0100
0200
0300
0400
0500
0600
0700
0800
0900
1000
Note:
Does not include
the thread on
fitting
(U) Length

Refer attached
Specification Sheet

Metric Imperial
1.5mm
1/16"
3.0mm
3.2mm
1/8"
4.5mm
4.75mm
3/16"
6.0mm
6.35mm
1/4"
3/8"
9.5mm

Simplex
/ Duplex

Calibration Type

KS
KD
JS
JD
TS
TD
RS
RD
SS
SD
ES
ED

Chromel / Alumel - simplex

Chromel / Alumel - duplex
Iron / Constantan - simplex
Iron / Constantan - duplex
Copper / Constantan - simplex
Copper / Constantan - duplex
Platinum/ Rhodium 13% - simplex
Platinum/ Rhodium 13% - duplex
Platinum/ Rhodium 10% - simplex
Platinum/ Rhodium 10% - duplex
Nickel Chromium/Constantan - simplex
Nickel Chromium/Constantan - duplex

Denotes Thermocouple

For more info: www.rhomberg.co.za

Temp. Range
Continuous
Short Term
0/1100C
0/1100C
+20/+700C
+20/+700C
-185/+300C
-185/+300C
0/1600C
0/1600C
0/1550C
0/1550C
0/800C
0/800C

-180/+1350C
-180/+1350C
-180/+750C
-180/+750C
-250/+400C
-250/+400C
-50/+1700C
-50/+1700C
-50/+1700C
-50/+1700C
-
-

SENSORS

450

TS-LINE

KS

T E M P E R AT U R E

TE
Th ermoc ou pl es

General Thermocouple Information

Cold Junction Termination Diagram

FL: 2/3 or 4 WIRES

CI

PM

SA

LA

PT: 2/3 or 4 WIRES

PT: Transition pot with spring.

Specify type and length of
extension cable.

JF
SL

Stainless Steel Sheaths ASTM Types

304
Corrosion Resistance: Excellent. Used in a wide variety
of corrosive media including hot petroleum products,
steam and combustion gases.
Welding: Excellent characteristics suited to all standard
methods.
Heat resistance: Good oxidation resistance in intermittent
service to 870C (1600F) and in continuous service to
927C (1700F). Continuous use of SS 304 in 427C to
875C (800 to 17575F) range not recommended but often
performs well in temperatures fluctuating above and below
this range.
310
Corrosion Resistance: Excellent resistance at normal
temperatures and when used in high temperature service,
it exhibits good resistance to oxidation and carburizing
atmospheres. Resists fuming nitric acid at room
temperature and fused nitrates up to 427C (800F)
Welding: Good characteristics suited to all standard
methods.
Heat Resistance: Good resistance to oxidation in
intermittent service in air at temperatures up to 1038C
(1900F) and 1149C (2100F) in continuous service.
Good resistance to fatigue and cycle heating. Widely used
where sulphur dioxide gas is encountered at elevated
temperatures. Continuous use in 427C to 857C (800F to
1575F) range is not recommended but often performs
well in temperatures fluctuating above and below this
range.
316
Corrosion Resistance: Good resistance to a wide range
of chemicals better than type 304. Highly resistant to the
complex sulphur compounds used in pulp & paper
processing. Also resists attack of marine and corrosive
industrial atmospheres.
Welding: Good characteristics suited to all standard
methods.
Heat Resistance: Good oxidation resistance in
intermittent service to 871C (1600F) and in continuous
service to 927C (1700F).

347
Corrosion Resistance: Excellent. Superior to Type 304
where unannealed weldments are involved or service
temperatures in the 427C to 871C (800F to 1600F)
range.
Welding: Good characteristics suited to all standard
methods.
Heat Resistance: Good oxidation resistance in
intermittent service to 871C (1600F) and in continuous
service to 927C (1700F). Best suited to service in the
427C to 857C (800F to 1575F) range.
446
Corrosion Resistance: Excellent. The highest corrosion
resistance of all straight chromium grades at elevated
temperatures.
Welding: Good characteristics suited to all standard
methods.
Heat Resistance: Excellent resistance to oxidation in
intermittent service to 1177C (2150F) and 1093C
(2000F) in continuous service. Scale that may develop in
high temperature service is tightly adherent and serves to
prevent further oxidation.
ALLOY 600 SHEATH
Corrosion Resistance: Good resistance to general
corrosion, freedom from stress corrosion cracking, and
good high temperature strength and resistance to
oxidation.
Welding: Can be joined by the usual welding, brazing and
soldering processes.
Heat Resistance: Good high temperature strength and
resistance to oxidation and furnace atmospheres. Can
operate to 1177C (2150F) in air.

Precision Measures Perfection

Base Metal Assemblies Diagram

STYLE B

STYLE A

Base Metal Ordering Code

B

KS

14

27

SE

0400

1000*

SPECIAL

* = Only applicable when selecting

configuration B
Code
0
1
2
3
4

Special
None
Cast iron head instead of KH
Protection tube with open end
Adjustable flange
Steel or SS mounting bush specify
position and tread size

HOT LEG LENGTH

CONFIGURATION

Code
A
B

Configuration
Straight
Right Angle

SHEATH LENGTH
SHEATH MATERIAL

SHEATH DIAMETER

WI RE GAUGE

ISO CALIBRATION

Code
Hot Leg Material
YS
Carbon Steel
IN
Inconel 600
FH
Repel heat
SC
310 Stainless Steel
SE
316 Stainless Steel
HT
HT Alloy
KT
Kanthal
KN
Kanthal / Bikrothal
HR
HR Alloy
For Style B, specify hot / cold
leg length in mm
Code
17
27
34
42

Sheath Diameter
13.7mm (1/4" NB)
21.3mm (1/2" NB)
26.7mm (3/4" NB)
33.4mm (1" NB)

Code
08
14
20

Wire Gauge
3.26mm Diameter
1.67mm Diameter
1.00mm Diameter

Simplex
/ Duplex
KS
TYPE
KD
JS
JD
TS
TD
RS
RD
SS
SD
ES
ED

BASE METAL CODE

Code

Code Sheath Length

100mm
0100
TYPE
200mm
0200
300mm
0300
400mm
0400
500mm
0500
600mm
0600
700mm
0700
800mm
0800
900mm
0900
1000mm
1000
1100mm
1100

ISO Calibration

For more info: www.rhomberg.co.za

None
0
TYPE
100mm
0100
200mm
0200
300mm
0300
400mm
0400
500mm
0500
600mm
0600
700mm
0700
800mm
0800
900mm
0900
1000mm
1000
1100mm
1100

Chromel / Alumel - simplex

Chromel / Alumel - duplex
Iron / Constantan - simplex
Iron / Constantan - duplex
Copper / Constantan - simplex
Copper / Constantan - duplex
Platinum/ Rhodium 13% - simplex
Platinum/ Rhodium 13% - duplex
Platinum/ Rhodium 10% - simplex
Platinum/ Rhodium 10% - duplex
Nickel Chromium / Constantan - simplex
Nickel Chromium / Constantan - duplex

Denotes base metal assembly

Hot leg
length

TS-LINE

Length
(see below)

T E M P E R AT U R E

Hot Leg

SENSORS

Cold Leg

TE
Th ermoc ou pl es

Protection Tubes

OD

Base Metal Tubes

Standard metal tube construction is of closed end design, but
open tubes are available without any price change.

Length as per requirement

Size

Code

Nom Bore

OD

7T17Y
7T27Y
7T27I
7T34I
7T27F
7T34F
7T17S16
7T27S16
7T27HT

6.35 (1/4
12.7 (1/2")
12.7 (1/2")
19.0 (3/4")
12.7 (1/2")
19.0 (3/4")
6.35 (1/4")
12.7 (1/2")
12.7 (1/2")

13.7
21.3
21.3
26.7
21.3
26.7
13.7
21.3
21.3

Material
Carbon Steel
Crabon Steel
Inconel 600
Inconel 600
Repelheat
Repelheat
316 Stainless
316 Stainless
HT Alloy

ID

OD

Ceramic Tubes
We cut any standard tube to suit individual requirements

Size

OD X ID

Length

OD X ID

Length

10 x 6.3
10 x 6.3
10 x 6.3
10 x 6.3
10 x 6.3
10 x 6.3
10 x 6.3
10 x 6.3
10 x 6.3
112 x 8
112 x 8
112 x 8
112 x 8
112 x 8
15 x 11
15 x 11
15 x 11
15 x 11

305
457
301
762
915
1067
1220
1372
1830
610
915
1220
1380
1820
711
915
1016
1220

17 x 11
17 x 11
17 x 11
17 x 11
17 x 11
17 x 11
19 x 14
19 x 14
19 x 14
24 x 18
25 x 19
25 x 19
25 x 19
25 x 19
25 x 19

457
610
762
915
1067
1220
1830
610
915
1220
915
457
610
915
1220

Silicon Carbide (Carbofrax) Tube

OD

ID

Size

OD X ID

Length

44 x 25
44 x 25
44 x 25
44 x 25

610
915
1067
1220

Metal Ceramic Tube

Size

OD

19mm (3/4") NPT head connection

OD X ID

Length

22 x 16
22 x 16
22 x 16
22 x 16

305
610
762
915

Fused Silica Tube

Size

OD X ID

Length

7x5

101

Selection Guide For Protection Tube

Application
Heat Treating:
Annealing
Up to 704C
Over 704C
Carburizing hardening
Up to 816C
816 - 1093C
Over 1093C
Nitriding Salt Bath
Cyanide
Neutral
High Speed
Iron and Steel:
Basic oxygen furnace
Blast furnaces
Downcomer
Stove Dome
Hot blast main
Stove trunk
Stove outlet flue
Open Hearth
Flues and stack
Checkers
Waste heat boiler
Billet heat slab heating and butt welding
Up to 1093C
Over 1093C
Bright annealing batch
Top work temperature
Contiuous furnace section
Forging
Soaking Pits
Up to 1093C
Over 1093C
Non-Ferrous Metals:
Aluminium
Melting
Heat treating
Brass
Lead
Magnesium
Tin
Zinc
Pickling tanks
Cement:
Exit flues
Kilns - heating zone
Ceramic:
Kilns
Dryers
Vitreous enameling
Glass:
For hearths and feeders
Lehrs
Tanks
Roof and wall
Flues and checkers
Paper:
Digesters

Protection tube material

Wrought iron
28% chrome iron or Inconel*
Wrought iron or 28% chrome iron
28% chrome iron or Inconel*
Ceramic
28% chrome iron
Nickel
28% chrome iron
Ceramic
Quartz
Inconel, 28% chrome iron
Silicon carbide
Inconel
Inconel
Wrought iron
Inconel, 28% chrome iron
Inconel, Cermet
28% chrome iron or Inconel*
28% chrome iron or Inconel*
Ceramic, Silicon carbide
Not required (use bare type J thermocouple)
Inconel, Ceramic
Silicon carbide, Ceramic
Inconel
Ceramic, Silicon carbide
Cast iron (White-washed)
Wrought iron
Not required (Use dip-type thermocouple)
28% chrome iron, Wrought iron
Wrought iron, Cast iron
Extra heavy carbon steel
Extra heavy carbon steel
Chemical lead
Inconel, 28% chrome iron
Inconel
Ceramic and Silicon carbide
Wrought iron, Silicon carbide
Inconel, 28% chrome iron
Platinum thimble
Wrought iron
Ceramic
Inconel, 28% chrome iron

Type 316 stainless steel, Inconel, 28% chrome

iron
Petroleum:
Type 304 stainless steel or carbon steel
Dewaxing
Type 304 stainless steel or carbon steel
Towers
Type 304 stainless steel or carbon steel
Transfer line
Type 304 stainless steel or carbon steel
Factionating column
Type 304 stainless steel or carbon
Bridgewall
steel
Power:
Coal-air mixtures
Type 304 stainless steel
Fuel gases
Wrought iron or 28% chrome iron
Preheaters
Wrought iron or 28% chrome iron
Steel lines
Type 347 or 316 stainless steel
Water lines
Carbon steel
Boiler tubes
Type 309 or 310 stainless steel
Gas Producers:
Producer gas
28% chrome iron
Water gas
Carburetor
Inconel, 28% chrome iron
Superheater
Inconel, 28% chrome iron
Tar stills
Carbon steel
Incinerators:
Up to 1093C
28% chrome iron or Inconel
Over 1093C
Ceramic (primary), Silcon carbide (secondary)
Food:
Baking ovens
Wrought iron
Charretort, Sugar
Wrought iron
Vegetable and fruit
Type 304 stainless steel
Chemical:
Due to the wide range of chemical applications please consult your nearest branch for
specific recommendations.
*Trademark - International Nickel Co.

Precision Measures Perfection

Pythagoras
Length

Alsint

Plat
Plat
Max
Wire
13% RHO 13% RHO
OD length (mm) Diameter
Code
Code
mm
10
17
10
17

1830
1830
1830
1830

0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45

INS 10P
INS 17P
INS 10A
INS 17A

Plat 6% RHO
Plat 30% RHO
Code

INR 10P
INR 17P
INR 10A
INS 17A

INB 10P
INB 17P
INV 10A
INB 17A

Type: General Purpose

Complete assembly with Die Cast Aluminium Head

Length of pipe is 150mm (6"), unless otherwise specified.

Length

Type: Pipe Extended

Complete assembly with stainless steel pipe
extension from die cast aluminium head.
Protection Tube
Material
Pythagoras &
Silicon Carbide
Pythagoras &
Inconel
Pythagoras &
Repelheat

Type: Double Tube

(Inner tube is Pythagoras)

Plat
Plat
Max
Wire
13% RHO 13% RHO
OD length (mm) Diameter
Code
Code
mm
44

1220

0.45

21.3

1830

0.45

1S27 IP

IR27 IP

IB27 IP

21.3

1830

0.45

1S27FP

IR27 FP

IB27 FP

Noble Metal Ordering Code

N

045

P5

1000
LENGTH

INSULATION
TYPE

WIRE GAUGE

ISO CALIBRATION

NOBLE METAL CODE

Code

Length

0100
TYPE 100mm
200mm
0200
300mm
0300
400mm
0400
500mm
0500
600mm
0600
700mm
0700
800mm
0800
900mm
0900
1000mm
1000

Code
BW
P5
P8
A5
PT
AT

Insulation Type
Bare Wire (Wire cut to specific length)
5mm OD Pythagoras (Full length)
8mm OD Pythagoras (Full length)
5mm OD Alsint (Full length)
8mm OD Pythagoras with collar, beads and tails
5mm OD Alsint with collar, beads and tails

0.45mm Diameter is standard.

Code
S
R
B
W
G

ISO Calibration
Platinum 10% Rhodium / Platinum
Platinum 13% Rhodium / Platinum
Platinum 30% Rhodium / Platinum (6% Rhodium)
Tungsten / Rhenium 26%
Tungsten 5% / Rhenium 26%

Denotes Noble metal assembly

For more info: www.rhomberg.co.za

1S56 UP

IR56 UP

Plat 6% RHO
Plat 30% RHO
Code
IB56 UP

TS-LINE

Material

T E M P E R AT U R E

Protection Tube

SENSORS

Noble Metal Assemblies Diagram

TE
Th ermoc ou pl es

Element types
Replacement elements for the base metal assemblies
listed on page 27, or for special assemblies using
ceramic tubes on page 31.

Type GO

Type C

Type ATC

100mm

Type E

Element Ordering Code

E

KD

14

1000
LENGTH

INSULATION TYPE

WIRE GAUGE

ISO CALIBRATION

Code
C
R
O
B
E

Code
08
14
20

Wire Gauge Diameter

3.26
1.67
1.00

Simplex
/ Duplex
KS
TYPE
KD
JS
JD
TS
TD
ES
ED

SERIES CODE

Insulation Type
Bare Wire
Round double bore ceramic
Oval double bore ceramic
Full length insulator and beads at end
Angle type with double bore insulators
and beads at bend

ISO Calibration
Chromel / Alumel - simplex
Chromel / Alumel - duplex
Iron / Constantan - simplex
Iron / Constantan - duplex
Copper / Constantan - simplex
Copper / Constantan - duplex
Nickel Chromium / Constantan - simplex
Nickel Chromium / Constantan - duplex

Code

Series Code

Denotes element type only

Code

Length

100mm
0100
TYPE
200mm
0200
300mm
0300
400mm
0400
500mm
0500
600mm
0600
700mm
0700
800mm
0800
900mm
0900
1000mm
1000

Precision Measures Perfection

SENSORS

Ceramic Insulators

T E M P E R AT U R E

TS-LINE

Oval, round and spine types are recommended for J, K

and T elements. Round, full length insulators are
recommended for noble metal elements.
Pythagoras is suitable up to 1650C
Alsint is suitable up to 1875C

Wire and Cables

Beads

Short Insulators
Type

Gauge

Double
Bore
Oval

8
8
14
14
20
20
24
24
8
8
14
14
20
14
20

Double
Bore
Round
Four
Bore Round

OD (mm)

ID (mm)

12.5 x 7
12.5 x 7
8 x 4.8
8 x 4.8
4.4 x 4.8
4.4 x 4.8
3.7 x 2.3
3.7 x 2.3
12
12
6.8
16.8
3
8
4.8

4
4
2
2
1
1
0.7
0.7
4.2
4.2
2
2
1
2
1

Length (mm)

Type

25
75
25
75
25
75
25
75
25
75
25
75
75
25
25

Dimensions in mm

Gauge

Fish Spine
Ball and
Socket

No Beads Per

Diameter

Bore

Length

100mm

KG

6.6
4.3
2.8
2.3

3.8
11.7
1.42
1

6.6
6.6
2.8
3.2

15
15
35
31

3,400
12,100
34,100
44,000

8
14
20
24

20mm

Long Insulators
Type

Material

OD (mm)

ID (mm)

2 Bore

Pythagoras

2 Bore
4 Bore

Alsint
Pythagoras

4 Bore

Alsint

5
8
5
6
8
4.5

1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5

Bare Thermocouple Wire

Type
J
J
J
J
J
J
K
K
K
K
K
K
ZK
K
T
T
T
T
N
N

AWG
8
8
14
14
20
20
8
8
14
14
14
14
20
20
8
8
14
14
18
18

Leg
P = Iron
N = Constantan
P = Iron
N = Constantan
P = Iron
N = Constantan
P = Chromel
N = Alumel
P = Chromel
N = Alumel
P = Chromel-Premium
N = Alumel-Premium
P = Chromel
N = Alumel
P = Copper
N = Constantan
P = Copper
N = Constantan
P = Nimo
N = Nickel

Overall lengths from 450 to 2000mm available.

With collar add letter C.
Example: 716PC-1200mm

Insulated Thermocouple Wire

Type

AWG

Wire

J
J
J
J
K
K
K
K
T
T
T
E

20
20
20
30
20
20
20
30
20
20
30
20

Solid
Stranded
Stranded
Solid
Solid
Stranded
Stranded
Solid
Solid
Stranded
Solid
Solid

Compensating Cable
Between the thermocouple head and the instrument you will normally
run compensating cable, not copper. The compensating cable must
have the same thermal E.M.F table as the thermocouple you are
using but can be made from cheaper metals since it does not have to
with stand high temperatures. Further, you can use quite small size
compensating cable such as 13/0.2mm without worrying about losing
millivolts in the cable resistance, provided you are using a high input
resistance instrument.
Effect of wrong or crossed Compensating Cables
If you use copper by mistake the instrument will in general show an
error equal to the temperature difference between the thermocouple

Insulation
Glass Braid
Glass Braid
Glass/st st Braid
Glass Braid
Glass Braid
Glass Braid
Glass/st st Braid
Glass Braid
Glass Braid
Glass/st st Braid
Glass Braid
Glass Braid

Compensating And Extension Cable

Type

AWG

Wire

Insulation

J
J
J
J
J
K
K
K
K
K
T
T
T
P
P
P
K
S
S

14
16
16
20
20
16
16
20
20
20
16
16
20
16
16
16
20
16
16

Stranded
Solid
Solid
Stranded
Solid
Solid
Solid
Stranded
Solid
Stranded
Solid
Solid
Stranded
Solid
Solid
Sranded
Stranded
Solid
Solid

Asbestos
Asbestos
Polyvinyl
Polyvinyl
Al mylar/PVC
Asbestos
Polyvinyl
Polyvinyl
Al mylar/PVC
Rubber
Asbestos
Polyvinyl
Polyvinyl
Asbestos
Polyvinyl
Polyvinyl
Steel/Rubber
Mgo/Copper
Mgo/Copper

head and the instrument. If the thermocouple head is hotter than the
instrument environment - and it usually is - the instrument will read
low (usually dangerous to the process).
If you use the correct compensating cable but reversed polarity at
both ends your instrument will show an error equal to twice the
temperature difference between thermocouple head and your
instrument environment. There may be no error until the process and
thermocouple head warms up, where upon your instrument reads
progressively lower then the true temperature.

For more info: www.rhomberg.co.za