POISONING

BY CAITLIN ALONZO, CARIZZA BANTA,

JAZMINE CABAIS, ANGELA CABONEGRO,
FAYE CORTEZ, & CHARLENE VITALEZ

WHAT IS POISON?
POISON
A substance which when administered, inhaled or swallowed is
capable of acting deleteriously on the body.
A toxic dose of a medicine/drug

TYPES OF POISONS (ACCDG. TO MECHANISM OF

ACTION)
1. Corrosive Poisons

2. Irritant Poisons
3. Neurotic Poisons
4. Cardiac Poisons
5. Asphyxiants
6. Miscellaneous

CORROSIVE POISONS
These are highly active irritants which produce both inflammation
and ulceration of tissues.
This includes strong acids and alkalis.

IRRITANT POISONS
These produce symptoms of pain in the abdomen, purging and
vomiting.
A. Inorganic poisons

Metallic Arsenic, antimony, mercury, lead and copper

Non-metallic - Phosphorus, chlorine, bromine and iodine

IRRITANT POISONS
B. Organic poisons

Vegetable - Castor oil

Animal snakes, scorpions, spiders

C. Mechanical poisons

- Powder glass, diamond dust

NEUROTIC POISONS
These chiefly act on the central nervous system.

Headache, drowsiness, giddiness, delirium, stupor, coma, and

convulsion
Opium, alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, anaesthetics

CARDIAC POISONS
Includes cardiac glycosides substances that act on the
contractile force of the heart (extremely toxic)
Digitalis foxglove (Digoxin), tobacco

ASPHYXIANTS
substance that can cause unconsciousness or death by suffocation

Coal gas, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, war gases

MISCELLANEOUS
Analgesics, antipyretics, tranquillizers, antidepressants

POISON CAN ENTER THE BODY THROUGH:

Inhalation

Absorption
Ingestion
Injection
Instilled (into the eye)

MECHANISM OF ACTION
1. Local action

act directly on the tissues and cause corrosion, irritation and

inflammation

2. Remote action

As the poison gets absorbed systemically, it produces both specific

CNS, spinal cord, cardiac and nonspecific shock.

FIRST AID: POISONING

Stay back and assess the scene. Be careful of contamination.

Call the National Poison Management and Control Center

Attend to the patient and perform primary assessment

FIRST AID: INGESTED POISON

Check airway.

Remove anything remaining in the patients mouth

NEVER induce vomiting if the patient is unconscious. The patient
could choke to death.
NEVER induce vomiting if the patient swallowed a corrosive poison.
Dilute the corrosive poison by giving water or milk

Syrup of ipecac: The American Association of Poison Control

Centers no longer recommend using ipecac to induce vomiting.

FIRST AID: POISON IN THE EYE

Wash the eyes with copious amounts of lukewarm water
Continue washing for 15-20 minutes
Do not use drugs or chemicals in washing the eye. They may
increase the extent of the injury.

FIRST AID: POISON IN THE SKIN

Remove any contaminated clothing using gloves.

Rinse the skin for 15-20 minutes using a shower or hose

FIRST AID: INHALED POISON

Get the patient into fresh air immediately.

Loosen all tight clothing

If patient vomits, turn his head to the side to prevent choking.
If patient has stopped breathing, perform CPR.
If patient is convulsing, cushion his head to prevent head injury.
Time the seizure.
If convulsion has stopped, check breathing and turn the patient to
his side.

FIRST AID: CPR

Check patient responsiveness /conciousness
A

Alert

Response to voice

Response to pain

Unresponsive

Check ABC
A-irway

B-reathing
C-irculation

FIRST AID: CPR

If there is no breathing, perform CPR.
Consider giving only compressions as you may be in danger of being
poisoned when giving rescue breaths.

If the patient is unconscious and breathing, place the patient in a

stable side position.

Try to find out what has been taken, how much and when.

Animal bites
Triangular head- venomous

Oblong head- nonvenomous

 Horseshoe like bite- nonvenomous

Scaly- venomous
Smooth- nonvenomous
Vertical- venomous
Oblong- nonvenomous
Winding walk- venomous
* Do not massage the area of animal bites

THANK YOU FOR

LISTENING!

QUIZ

TRUE OR FALSE

1. POISON IN THE EYE: Wash with ice

cold water.

2. Do not use syrup of ipecac to induce

vomiting.

TRUE OR FALSE

3. Carbon dioxide is an asphyxiant.

4. ALWAYS induce vomiting if the
patient swallowed a corrosive poison.

TRUE OR FALSE

5. Household bleach is an example of an

irritant poison.

ANSWERS:
1. False

2. True
3. True
4. False
5. False