Mtodos Numricos

I. DATOS G ENERALES
A. Docente: RIMARACHIN LOPEZ, BETTY
B. Alumnos:
Anaya Perez, Cristian Fernando
Diaz Trigoso, Kareli Cecilia

Porro Seclen, Alex

Rojas Ruiz, Paolo

PARTE 2- CON MATLAB

METODO DE BISECCIN:
14. Dada:

( ) = 3 4
a) Ubicar geomtricamente el cero de .
Editor:
clc
clear
x=-4:0.01:4;
y1=x.^3;
y2=exp(-x)+4;
plot(x,y1,'g',x,y2,'k','linewidth',2)
grid on
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-4

-3

-2

-1

1 = [1,2]
b) Aplicar el mtodo de biseccin para hallar un valor aproximado al cero de , usando

un programa en MATLAB y con una tolerancia de 106, es decir hasta que

| 1 | < 106
function y=fn33(x)
y=x.^3-exp(-x)-4;
end

>> a=1, b=2, tol= 10.^-6

a=
1
b=
2

tol =
1.0000e-06
>> [c] = bisec('fn33',a,b,tol)
1 1.000000000 2.000000000 1.500000000 -0.848130160
2 1.500000000 2.000000000 1.750000000 1.185601057
3 1.500000000 1.750000000 1.625000000 0.094103950
4 1.500000000 1.625000000 1.562500000 -0.394914122
5 1.562500000 1.625000000 1.593750000 -0.154975067
6 1.593750000 1.625000000 1.609375000 -0.031589884
7 1.609375000 1.625000000 1.617187500 0.030966973
8 1.609375000 1.617187500 1.613281250 -0.000383785
9 1.613281250 1.617187500 1.615234375 0.015273488
10 1.613281250 1.615234375 1.614257813 0.007440328
11 1.613281250 1.614257813 1.613769531 0.003527141
12 1.613281250 1.613769531 1.613525391 0.001571395
13 1.613281250 1.613525391 1.613403320 0.000593734
14 1.613281250 1.613403320 1.613342285 0.000104957
15 1.613281250 1.613342285 1.613311768 -0.000139419
16 1.613311768 1.613342285 1.613327026 -0.000017232
17 1.613327026 1.613342285 1.613334656 0.000043862
18 1.613327026 1.613334656 1.613330841 0.000013315
19 1.613327026 1.613330841 1.613328934 -0.000001959
20 1.613328934 1.613330841 1.613329887 0.000005678
c=

1.6133
15. Dada:

( ) = 3 ln(2 + 5) + 12
a) Ubicar geomtricamente el cero de .
clc
clear
x=4.01:6;
y1=3*log(2*x+5);
y2=-x+12;
plot(x,y1,'g',x,y2,'k','linewidth',2)
grid on
8.4
8.2
8
7.8
7.6
7.4
7.2
7
6.8

4.2

4.4

4.6

4.8

5.2

5.4

1 = [4,5]
b) Aplicar el mtodo de biseccin para hallar un valor aproximado al cero de , usando

un programa en MATLAB y con una tolerancia de 105, es decir hasta que

| 1 | < 10 5
function y=fn33(x)
y=3*log(2*x+5)+x-12;
end

>> a=4, b=5, tol= 10.^-5

a=
4
b=
5
tol =

1.0000e-05
>> [c] = bisec('fn33',a,b,tol)
1 4.000000000 5.000000000 4.500000000 0.417171989
2 4.000000000 4.500000000 4.250000000 0.058069056
3 4.000000000 4.250000000 4.125000000 -0.123007343
4 4.125000000 4.250000000 4.187500000 -0.032338122
5 4.187500000 4.250000000 4.218750000 0.012897918
6 4.187500000 4.218750000 4.203125000 -0.009711952
7 4.203125000 4.218750000 4.210937500 0.001595016
8 4.203125000 4.210937500 4.207031250 -0.004057959
9 4.207031250 4.210937500 4.208984375 -0.001231344
10 4.208984375 4.210937500 4.209960938 0.000181867
11 4.208984375 4.209960938 4.209472656 -0.000524731
12 4.209472656 4.209960938 4.209716797 -0.000171430
13 4.209716797 4.209960938 4.209838867 0.000005219
14 4.209716797 4.209838867 4.209777832 -0.000083105
15 4.209777832 4.209838867 4.209808350 -0.000038943
16 4.209808350 4.209838867 4.209823608 -0.000016862
17 4.209823608 4.209838867 4.209831238 -0.000005821
c=

4.2098

16. Dada:

( ) = 3 ( 3)2 1
a) Ubicar geomtricamente el cero de .
clc
clear
x=-4:0.01:4;
y1=x.^3;
y2=(x-3).^2+1;
plot(x,y1,'g',x,y2,'k','linewidth',2)
grid on
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-4

-3

-2

-1

1 = [1,2]
b) Aplicar el mtodo de biseccin para hallar un valor aproximado al cero de , usando

un programa en MATLAB y con una tolerancia de 106, es decir hasta que

| 1 | < 10 6
function y=fn33(x)
y=x.^3-(x-3).^2-1;
end

>> a=-4, b=4, tol= 10.^-6

a=
-4
b=
4

tol =
1.0000e-06
>> [c] = bisec('fn33',a,b,tol)
1 -4.000000000 4.000000000 0.000000000 -10.000000000
2 0.000000000 4.000000000 2.000000000 6.000000000
3 0.000000000 2.000000000 1.000000000 -4.000000000
4 1.000000000 2.000000000 1.500000000 0.125000000
5 1.000000000 1.500000000 1.250000000 -2.109375000
6 1.250000000 1.500000000 1.375000000 -1.041015625
7 1.375000000 1.500000000 1.437500000 -0.470947266
8 1.437500000 1.500000000 1.468750000 -0.176300049
9 1.468750000 1.500000000 1.484375000 -0.026493073
10 1.484375000 1.500000000 1.492187500 0.049041271
11 1.484375000 1.492187500 1.488281250 0.011221230
12 1.484375000 1.488281250 1.486328125 -0.007649116
13 1.486328125 1.488281250 1.487304688 0.001782755
14 1.486328125 1.487304688 1.486816406 -0.002934005
15 1.486816406 1.487304688 1.487060547 -0.000575831
16 1.487060547 1.487304688 1.487182617 0.000603410
17 1.487060547 1.487182617 1.487121582 0.000013777
18 1.487060547 1.487121582 1.487091064 -0.000281031
19 1.487091064 1.487121582 1.487106323 -0.000133628
20 1.487106323 1.487121582 1.487113953 -0.000059926
21 1.487113953 1.487121582 1.487117767 -0.000023075
22 1.487117767 1.487121582 1.487119675 -0.000004649
23 1.487119675 1.487121582 1.487120628 0.000004564
c=
1.4871

METODO DE NEWTON RAPHSON:

17. Sea

( ) = 2 3
a) Ubicar geomtricamente los ceros de la funcin .
clc
clear
x=-2:0.01:3;
y1=x.^2;
y2=x+3;
plot(x,y1,'g',x,y2,'k','linewidth',2)
grid on
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-2

-1

1 = [ 2, 1] 2 = [2,3]
b) Para hallara valores aproximados a un cero de

aplique el mtodo de Newton

Raphson implementado con MATLAB y considerando los siguientes datos:

I)

Punto inicial 0 = 2 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

function y=fn33(x)
y=x^2-x-3;
end
function y=fn34(x)
y=2*x-1;
end

p0=2, tol=10^(-7), N=50

p0 =
2

tol =
1.0000e-07
N=
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1 2.333333333333
2 2.303030303030
3 2.302775655717
4 2.302775637732
p1 =
2.3028
II)

Punto inicial 0 = 3 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

>> p0=3, tol=10^(-7), N=50

p0 =
3
tol =
1.0000e-07
N=
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1 2.400000000000
2 2.305263157895
3 2.302777351542
4 2.302775637733
5 2.302775637732
p1 =

2.3028

III)

Punto inicial 0 = 4 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

>> p0=4, tol=10^(-7), N=50
p0 =
4
tol =
1.0000e-07
N=
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1 2.714285714286
2 2.341013824885
3 2.303172744733
4 2.302775681459
5 2.302775637732
p1 =
2.3028

IV)

Punto inicial 0 = 10 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

>> p0=10, tol=10^(-7), N=50
p0 =
10
tol =
1.0000e-07
N=
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1 5.421052631579
2 3.290740219533
3 2.477652899338

4 2.310507544741
5 2.302792147574
6 2.302775637808
7 2.302775637732
p1 =
2.3028
V)

Punto inicial 0 = 100 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

>> p0=100, tol=10^(-7), N=50
p0 =
100
tol =
1.0000e-07
N=
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1 50.266331658291
2 25.415818426712
3 13.023128824937
4 6.891324316939
5 3.949913064763
6 2.695982894349
7 2.337978996341
8 2.303112767933
9 2.302775669249
10 2.302775637732
p1 =
2.3028

c) Analice la convergencia hacia el cero de de las sucesiones obtenidas en el tem

b.
La convergencia se da el cero de la es 2.3028. En el tem dos notamos que cada
vez que tomamos el p0 mas lejos de la convergencia se necesitan ms iteraciones
para llegar al cero de la funcin.
18. Sea

( ) = 2 + 10 cos ( ) 1
a) Ubicar geomtricamente los ceros de la funcin .
clc
clear
x=-4:0.01:4;
y1=x.^2-1;
y2=-10*cos(x);
plot(x,y1,'g',x,y2,'k','linewidth',2)
grid on
15

10

-5

-10
-4

-3

-2

-1

1 = [ 4, 3], 2 = [2, 1] , 3 = [1,2] 4 = [4,3]

b) Para hallara valores aproximados a un cero de

aplique el mtodo de Newton

Raphson implementado con MATLAB y considerando los siguientes datos:

I)

Punto inicial 0 = 0 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

function y=fn33(x)
y=x.^2+10*cos(x)-1;
end
function y=fn34(x)
y=2*x-10*sin(x);
end

>> p0=0, tol=10^(-7), N=50

p0 =
0
tol =
1.0000e-07
N =
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1
-Inf
2
NaN
3
NaN
4
NaN
5
NaN
6
NaN
7
NaN
8
NaN
9
NaN
10
NaN
11
NaN
12
NaN
13
NaN
14
NaN
15
NaN
16
NaN
17
NaN
18
NaN
19
NaN
20
NaN
21
NaN
22
NaN
23
NaN
24
NaN
25
NaN
26
NaN
27
NaN
28
NaN
29
NaN
30
NaN
31
NaN
32
NaN
33
NaN
34
NaN
35
NaN
36
NaN
37
NaN
38
NaN
39
NaN
40
NaN
41
NaN
42
NaN
43
NaN
44
NaN
45
NaN

46
47
48
49
50

NaN
NaN
NaN
NaN
NaN

p1 =
NaN
Punto inicial 0 = 1 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

II)

>> p0=1, tol=10^(-7), N=50

p0 =
1
tol =
1.0000e-07
N=
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1 1.842286430196
2 1.793934438371
3 1.794792712789
4 1.794792964829
5 1.794792964829
p1 =
1.7948
III)

Punto inicial 0 = 2 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

>> p0=2, tol=10^(-7), N=50
p0 =
2
tol =
1.0000e-07

N=
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1 1.771946940178
2 1.794623038381
3 1.794792954940
4 1.794792964829
p1 =
1.7948
IV)

Punto inicial 0 = 100 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

>> p0=100, tol=10^(-7), N=50
p0 =
100
tol =
1.0000e-07
N=
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1 51.197480022202
2 23.368377889823
3 13.763470918443
4 3.219325719464
5 3.303279735376
6 3.298157530919
7 3.298138433969
8 3.298138433703

p1 =
3.2981
V)

Punto inicial 0 = 1 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

>> p0=-1, tol=10^(-7), N=50
p0 =
-1
tol =
1.0000e-07
N=
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1 -1.842286430196
2 -1.793934438371
3 -1.794792712789
4 -1.794792964829
5 -1.794792964829
p1 =
-1.7948

VI)

Punto inicial 0 = 2 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

>> p0=-2, tol=10^(-7), N=50
p0 =
-2
tol =
1.0000e-07
N=
50

>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)

1 -1.771946940178
2 -1.794623038381
3 -1.794792954940
4 -1.794792964829
p1 =
-1.7948
VII)

Punto inicial 0 = 3 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

>> p0=-3, tol=10^(-7), N=50
p0 =
-3
tol =
1.0000e-07
N=
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1 -3.414035259627
2 -3.306410450859
3 -3.298187633640
4 -3.298138435466
5 -3.298138433703
p1 =
-3.2981

VIII)

Punto inicial 0 = 100 , tolerancia= 107 y N=50

>> p0=-100, tol=10^(-7), N=50
p0 =
-100

tol =
1.0000e-07
N=
50
>> [p1]= newton('fn33','fn34',p0,tol,N)
1 -51.197480022202
2 -23.368377889823
3 -13.763470918443
4 -3.219325719464
5 -3.303279735376
6 -3.298157530919
7 -3.298138433969
8 -3.298138433703
p1 =
-3.2981
c) Analice la convergencia hacia el cero de de las sucesiones obtenidas en el tem
b.
En el primer caso notamos que sale indefinido porque se ha escogido como punto
el centro de todos los ceros. Existen cuatro convergencias.