Thesis Title : Centre for street children

Submitted by: Italia Priyanka

B.Arch.V. Sem. X
Academic Year: 2016
School of Architecture

Gijubhai Chhaganbhai patel institute of Architecture, finearts & interior, Surat

PREFACE:
Todays children are the future of tomorrow. Since they create the world of tomorrow, they are at the heart of social development. The future depends on how children prepare themselves to enter into the world of
work. Children who are healthy, well-fed and educated grow up to be productive, innovative workers and responsible adults. But to-day more than one billion of children (First Call for Children, A UNICEF Quarterly)
are condemned to poverty, without jobs, without basic necessities, without hope.
Poverty is the root cause for the incidence and prevalence that causes the major dilemma encountered through out the cities nations states and the entire world of homeless children and adults. Due to
reasons urban poverty aberrant families, urbanization, migration, least interest in education, broken family, Cruelty, physical abuse, mental torture etc. give birth to these most easily susceptible group of children
called Street Children . These children runaway from their home at vey tender age of around 7 to 12years to neighboring cities or cities that can help them fulfill their requirements and work with unrecognized
area in order to suffice their basic needs and earn sometime to accomplish their family needs.

INTRODUCTION:
The United Nations estimates that there are about 2.5 lakh street children in Mumbai. According to the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, India has the largest number of street children in the world around
18 million.
Children are the future of a nation. For an emerging country like India, development of underprivileged children holds the to the progress of the nation itself, and their education is the cornerstone of this progress.
UNICEF estimated that there were 11 million street children in India. Most of the children in India are over 6 and majority is over 8. 72% of the street children studied were age 6-12. India has the largest
population of street children in the world.

Who are Street Children ?

Street Children are those who work and live on the streets, parks, pavements, bus stations, railway stations and public places having the
sky as their roof without safety and security and who are below the age of 18 years.

Kosad

They can be classified into three categories :

According to UNICEF :
Children Of the Street Family :They are the children of family who is/who was staying on the streets. These children also stay with their
parents on the road sides, Footpaths, Railway Stations
Pati chal

Children On the Street : They are the children that visit the streets or are on the streets for the entire day and or nights and return home
rarely.
Children Of the Street : They are entirely on the streets. They have no family or relatives to look upon . They are all independent .
Street Children is a special category with specific problems different from other children. Some of their plights on the s streets are;
1. They Struggle for daily survival
2. They have no one to look after their needs
3. Since they are on the street they have to fend for themselves
4. The street quickly eliminates childhood and the child turns into a youth
5. Then the child has to cope with the problems and the stress of the adult world
6. To survive they need to work
7. They are unskilled and lack necessary education for any option
8. So most of them do odd jobs like;
Rag Picking, Shoe shining, Unauthorized porter in hotels and tea shops, Begging, Some are also pimping.

Sangam tekri

Mithi khadi

Azad nagar

01

AIM:
-To provide an environment faraway from the drudgery of city roads and streets place for learning and to creating a hope to live a fulfilling life.
- The aim of this project is to upgrade , develop and evolve street children as a responsible citizen of the nation.
-This project would be providing such space to these children where they are nurtured with care and educated so that they can forget their past and restart life with new enthusiasm

OBJECTIVE:
-The objective behind the project is to provide destitute children a decent and healthy life , simultaneously making them as responsible members of the society.
In other words, they are nurtured for living lives as other normal children do.
- In this place everyone will support each other by their love.
- Provide a place which will give joy full environment.
- Education and other activity provide for best future.
- Skill based training for the our children and parents economically sustaining themselves.
- Provide education, recreation facilities, exploration, health , etc.

NEED & SCOPE OF WORK:

-Therefore there is a need to pamper, support educate and provide basic facilities to these children so that they
can take wise decisions support themselves and their families in future, instead of becoming a factor for
multiplication of street children.
-This project will help the helpless street children of India have a new direction in their life and even they can
think of a better career rather than being involved in crime cases and ruining their life in pain and illegal activities.
- The project will help building the youth of India for nations progress and make them a responsible and
respectful citizen.

What can be done?

Development

Training

Informal education

Experience
Interaction

Awareness

Creativity
Upliftment

Health Care

Hygiene

Upbringing

Employment

02

CASE STUDY

Architect : Yatin pandya

Site Area : 1100 Sq. mt
Built Up Area : 515 + 438 plinth Sq. mt
Children strength : 300

1. MANAV SADHNA , AHMEDABAD

In 1990, a team of young volunteers, inspired by Gandhian values, began
gathering under the branches of a tree in the Gandhi Ashram every Saturday to
play with street children.
They provided the children with a nutritional meal and taught them about basic
hygiene by cutting their nails and bathing them. Manav Sadhna is a
rehabilitation centre for street children as well as slum children residing near
by the centre, build by Ar Yatin Pandya. This Centre is amongst the best
example of architecture mixing with functionality in such a undersized piece of
land.

ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS: Materials

8Flyash & waste

7 mosaic fly ash wall
residue tile

6 Plastic bottle wall 5 Glass bottle wall

4 wooden box wall

SITE DEVELOPMENT & CONTEXT :

It is located in highly dense slums, near Gandhi ashram road. On a slope hill of
ramapir tekro.
There are no main roads lead to the institute, hence it has to be reached by
walking
institution is help for villager in order to accomplish their childrens need.

Meditation
area
3 Mud Block wall

ROLE OF CENTRE:
The institution consists of dormitories, admin block,clases library, and
open central ground.
Non formal and training centre school for the street as well as
slum children.
Multi-purpose ground to carry out several Activities.
Evening Education Centre for Adults and Ladies.
Training Centre ,workshops helping in earn, Crafts and arts classes.
Kitchen preparing food for the students by Lady volunteer.

2 Flyash brick

1 Fly ash brick wall

12 Waste residue
tiles

Who is served by this Centre?

As a center of activity, it really
works for the poorest community in
the city. It is located in one of the
largest slums in the city (who live
more than one hundred thousand
people).
-Used as informal school for young
children
-Afternoon training offered to youth
-At night becomes community center
with health services, recreational
and religious activities and festivals.
-Even used as a place for medical
camps
The center of activity Manav Sadhna
is an example of architecture
integrated design that tries to
overcome some of the perennial
problems of developing countries.

Wooden crate

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION :
Plan is a c shaped with a central
courtyard acting as a major breathing space
of the building, a multifunctional space.
The non programmatic spaces like the
shaped spaces around a tree.
corridors are key elements of the centre.
The extended plinth acts as a semi covered
room for the activities.
Many non formal activities occur on the otla.

ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS: Fenestrations

The Windows are simple glass and metal
combination.
There are two types of doors:
1)doors with acrylic shutters
2)Doors with the waste wooden Boxes
shutter.
Openings are kept very normal in order to
highlight the other elements.

03

INFERENCES:
Educational
studios

Edu.
studio

S
L
U
M

Common
Area

Diagram showing organization of the centre and its connectivity with

the slum

OPEN-BUILT RATIO

ZOING

AREA ANALYSIS :
Cla
ss
Kitchen

Wrkshp.

Library Exhibition

Classes

Classes

SECTION AA
Workshop

Pre-Primary
hall

open courtyard

SECTION BB

Dormitory

class

Comp.
class

Class B/H

Entry

Office

Meditation
area

Class B/H

dormitory

SECTION CC
The entire experience of the space is very welcoming and warming, the scale and feel of the
building is perfect for a homeless child.
This child feels secure safe and gleeful in this institute.
Design Inferences :
Inner Spaces connected with the outer area through visual connection. Semi open space gives
the opportunity of in out space. Such introvert spaces helps the child to grow , gain
confidence. With different types of materials used, students can enjoy and feel the difference in
the space.
The extended plinth is amongst the main feature of the building, binding the entire building as a
single unit.
The central open court is
used for the major sports
activities and makes centre
look spacious. The central
court is shaded through out
day and children take best
benefit out of it.

SEMICOVERED
SPACE

The passage here is the backbone of the centre that connects all the activities and leads to the
central courtyard.
This plinth is used for many activities such as dancing ,painting art and crafts etc. The courtyards play
very important role in such center's.

In such centre the semi covered spaces or the extended plinths play an important roll in order to carry out Non-formal activities. These spaces are spill
out spaces that gives the opportunity to extend the function and make the space more open.

04

CASE STUDY

Architect : Hiren patel

Site Area : 1000 Sq. mt
Built Up Area : 355 sq. mt.
Children strength : 300

2. MANAV GULZAR , AHMEDABAD

The centre Manav Gulzar is a project that operates under the NGO Manav
Sadhna.
Manav Gulzar is based out of the Ram Rahim Nagar in Ahmedabad, Gujarat,
India.
Manav Gulzar has worked to build a strong relationship with the Ram Rahim
community through the organization Ram aur Rahim Jhupdavasi Mandal, which is
a trust that operates in Ram Rahim Nagar and is comprised of local residents.
Building a relationship with the Ram aur Rahim Jhupdavasi Mandal and its leaders
was vital to Manav Gulzar being a sustainable program in the slum.

Entra
nce

Courtyard
Upper level

Semi open- Play area

open

on

SITE DEVELOPMENT & CONTEXT :

Manav Gulzar fosters lively community building, empowerment, and
participation for women, along with diverse educational and social
opportunities for young people and children.

PROGRAM AND ACTIVITIES :

Mosque

OPEN BUILT RATIO

Multi Purpose Hall

Income Generation
Self Help Groups
Supplementary Education
Art and Culture Programs
English Language Instruction
Computer and Technology Instruction
Celebration of Festivals and Religious Observances.
The center also has a library, computer learning center,
and health clinic

ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS: Fenestrations

There are two types of openings in the Centre:
1) Sliding windows
2) Pivoted windows with bamboo used as
shuttering material.
3) Metal doors

MATERIALS
USED:
-Exposed Brick
work
-Waste glass
bottles
-Bamboo
-Corrugated
sheets
-Mild steel

They believe in value- based education where we

teach : values, hygiene, spirituality, culture, and
social skills. We want the children and women
that go through our program to come out with
life skills in addition to education.

Courtyard
Night view

Office
Class

Lvl +0.0 mt

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION:
The courtyard on the upper level is placed wide open
in order to enjoy the view of Sabarmati river.
The vastness of the place is
automatically increased up by the Side open beside
the river.
Due to the presence of river the entire atmosphere is
lively.
- Form is very simple with the central courtyard
surrounded by the activities.
- all activities open in central courtyard.
- structure straight and according to the children.

Hall
Temple
Lvl +3.5 mt
Class room
Sabarmati

Multipurpose hall
Toilet
Courtyard
Sabarmati
Staircase
connecting
the two level

Plan
Plan
Sabarmati

Corridor

Staircase
connecting
the two level

05

INFERENCES:
MOVEMENT OF A CHILD IN THE CENTRE :

ZONNING:

Exposed brick work

suitable
For the dry climate of
ahm.
is used.
Also at some places there
are glass wall also
constructed in order to
beautify the area.

Architectural innovations in open space are requied to

faster creativity in overall devlopment of children and
even breck the durdgery of classrom.
enter h=the building a new enviorment create on a
large slum area.
community centre in evening.
see the all activities in the setting on the class.

Activity

A
c
t
i
v
i
t
y

AREA ANALYSIS :
No

Spaces

Area

Class

10 sq. mt

Admin Office

15 sq. mt

Multipurpose hall below

50 sq. mt

Multipurpose hall Above

50 sq. mt

Hall

30 sq. mt

class

30 sq. mt

Toilet

30 sq. mt

Gym area

40 sq. mt

courtyard

100 sq. mt

TOTAL AREA

355 sq. mt

The structure is
simple
Beam-column with the
Exposed brick work.
In some area there
are
Corrugated sheets
used for Roofing.

Activity

The location has both positive and negative approach, the slum are
so much compact and the centre enjoys the endless view of river.
The centre is very simple in terms of plan:
Class--- court---play area
Due to the wideness of vie the place also feels huge and the
children enjoys very much.
The open court system is part that holds together the classes on
the upper level.
The upper level is much more active and experiencing compared to
the lower level.

06

CASE STUDY

Architect : VV Architects
Site Area : 96000 Sq. mt
Children strength : 175

3. SOS CHILDRENS VILLAGE , PUNE

CLUSTER
2

Green belt

CLUSTER
3

HOUSES

COMMUNITY
HALL

Golf Course

In Started in 1979, SOS Childrens Village Pune provides warm, loving The Village
campus has 20 family cottages, health care centre, primary school playground.
SOS Children's Villages is the world's largest non-governmental, non-denominational
child welfare organization.
Informal centre for orphans, street children, neglected child.
We also aim to raise awareness of hygiene and child rights and try to improve
people's parenting skills. Mothers and fathers are given advice on income-generating
activities. We also inform them about social security schemes and benefits.
The activity centre is , located with around 5.5 million inhabitants living in the wider
metropolitan area.
In a radius of approximately 5km there is a hospital, schools, MSEB sub division,
post office, grocery stores, theaters.

OHT
CLUSTER
4

ADMIN
BLOCK
ENTRY

SITE DEVELOPMENT & CONTEXT :

SOS Children's Villages is located in the northern suburb of Yervada, pune which is
one of the most densely populated areas of the city.
There are two roads approaching the Village.
The site consist of highly dense trees And small shrubs ,that helps the health of
Child.

INTERRELATIONSHIP OF THE
ACTIVITIES :
It is an open planning , the
spaces are all scattered following
the scale and anthropometry of a
child.
The Ashram provides a free
environment like a normal home,
the Mother of each House,
looking after all aspects of that
house.
There
are
play
grounds
community halls, hobby centers
and a Vocational Training Center
for training in basic trades.
Each house is well equipped
with all gadgets, even their own
sewing machine. Each house has a
guest room for the guests to
stay when they come there to
visit. Often there are students
visiting them from Universities.

KINDER
GARDEN

CLUSTER
1

GUEST
HOUSE
HEALTH
DIRECTO
CARE
R HOME

ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS :structure

All structures are ground floor structures and
are built in stone with RCC roof.
Except the clinic all the other structures have
pitch roofs.
The walls and roof of the cultural hall have been
cladded with sound insulation material as initially
equipment used for entertainment was a
projector which now has become the television.
A problem noticed in the stone walls is that
fixing of switch boards gets difficult because of
the rough surface.

Who is served by this Centre?

Children who can no longer live with their birth families
can find a loving home in one of the SOS families.

As the children grow older, they can move into our

youth programme, which caters separately for boys and
girls.
With the support of qualified professionals, the young
people develop perspectives for their future, learn to
shoulder responsibility and increasingly make their own
decisions.They are encouraged to develop team spirit
and build up contacts with relatives and friends, as well
as with the relevant authorities and potential employers.
Ideology of SOS Village organization :
Motherhood : The children stay in Balsadan with a group
of 9 to 10 children with one mother. They are normally
of different age group and live as brothers and sisters.

07

INFERENCES:

MOVEMENT OF A CHILD IN THE CENTRE :

Residential
units

Common
Area

cost essential service to be

provided is residential
facilities, as mainly children hail
from families who are below
poverty line or are homeless
or orphans.
Providing just a dormitory is
not a solution to for children.
What they nee is love, care,
security, and ones belonging
which is provided by a family
systems.
Clustered planning of the units
creates hierarchy of open
spaces at unit, cluster,
community level.

The village is like a

small garden with
island housing It
is observed that
all the spaces are
placed
where
there area groups
of trees creating
courts Maintaining
microclimate
of
the spaces.

Residential
units

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION:
The basic concept is strongly based on the social frame work and provision of protection and
security.
Complex consist of low profile G structures which blend with the surroundings.
The units are clustered giving different hierarchy of open spaces around.

DESIGN CONCEPT :
Educational Section: School
The first and foremost need of these children is to be in normal surroundings where they can
learn and grow with others. At the same time their special requirements need to be addressed.

AREA ANALYSIS :

Diagram showing the central court and the Interconnected activities. Court as the main element in the activity.
Every cluster is planned with a courtyard in the middle.
All cottages are identical in plan, and have a central courtyard surrounded by rooms. Pathways are very
important in order to connect the different clusters.
All the activities are connected to each other as well as are separated through intermediate open courtyards.
All the spaces open up in the central courtyard that acts as the gathering place for the children as well as the
mothers and teachers.

No

Spaces

Area

HOD Office

144 mt sq.

Financial sec.

11 mt sq.

SOS office

30 mt sq.

Pantry

12 mt sq.

Toilet

5 mt sq.

store

8 mt sq.

Conference hall

40 mt sq.

TOTAL AREA

250 mt sq.

No
1

Spaces
Edu.Class

Area
120 mt sq.

2
3

Staff room
Hall

25 mt sq.
100 mt sq.

4
6
7

Library
Toilets
Comp. hall

20 mt sq.
15 mt sq.
30 mt sq.

TOTAL AREA

201 mt sq.

Diagram showing the arrangement of the units in the cluster along with central courts.
The units also have smaller courts in the units itself.
The concept/idea behind SOS Village is that every child has the right to have parents and their this sentiment
has lead to serving the society in the form of this orphanage.
These children are brought up in a homely atmosphere with close connection with their surroundings.

08

PROGRAMME:
CAPACITY : 100 PEOPLE
SITE AREA : 2150 SQ. MT.
BUILT UP AREA : 900 SQ. MT.
OPEN AREA : 1200 SQ. MT.

09

NAVSARJAN TRUST , SURAT

10

SITE STUDY:
Surat is the commercial capital city of Gujarat.
Surat ,growing as quickly as its neighboring metro Mumbai, and by 2020 it is
estimated that Surat will be the largest city in Gujarat state and its urbanization will
stretching day by day.
Surat is known for diamonds, textiles, embroidery & more recently, for diamondstudded gold jewelry manufacturing.
These are some of the reasons that the number of migrating poor people are increasing
day by day ,where there are 15% children coming to Surat.
All this industries attract the migrants in the form of man, women, children to come
here in search of a better living.

LOCATION :
Site is located in azad nagar, althan. The south west zone of surat. It is near rashulabad
and gokul nagar. Near the SMC sewage plant. This area is quite known due to
developing high structures as well as haphazard slums coming due to migrants.
The site edge is 3 areas border mahadev nagar, gokul nagar, shiv sakti nagar.
Mainly 5 no of slum area azad nagar, rashulabad, mahadev nagar, gokul nagar , shiv
sakti nagar

SITE JUSTIFICATION:
Site is a hypothetical. The land for temple (gausala) and haft part is used for residence.
Site is located near residential area not in proper slum area. this center financer is
navsarjan orgenization.
Location of the center near mahdev nagar &gokul nagar gives the child and womens to
easy access to the children,also the
mahadev nagar is middle class area.
The children's and women's can also attend the centre and improve their condition.
The reaching out of the street children and womens in their own surroundings make
them feel comfortable and a centre for them in their own surroundings helps to
generate awareness among themselves. they become the promoters of the centre
which is also helpful for the Centre.
The site is surrounded by dense G , G+1, G+2 residences of the migrants for mahad ,
Hindu, Muslim community.
The concentration of more number of child labor , street children and women's.
In this area very less green area so that this site giving good peaceful environment.

PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTS:
The site area is around 2000 sq. mt. The site is flat land without any kind of slopes.
There are trees present on the site.
Existing temple and gausala land and around 3 side narrow streets in residential
area.

ACTIVITIES AROUND SITE:

There are basic activities carried out around the site as simple street hawkers,
general stores, residential activities, aaganwadi, dry waste garbage collection,
labor work, tailoring etc.
There are also many child labor seen in this area, they are mainly coming from the
out of states.

The entire area is very dense it is highly dense due to slums and non grid row typology. in this G to G+3 structure.
The area is observed with both kachha and pakka typologies of housing . Sloping roof are mostly found in the kachha types of the houses with corrugated sheet and the loose
brick work are mainly constructed by the migrants .

11

rashulabad

12

CONCEPT:

SEMI OPEN SPACE

-

Workshop area
Waiting area
Exhibition
Kitchen
Dining
Circulation

Entry defined not with built structure but with landscape and stone wall.

OPEN SPACE
-

Children play area

Open ground
Seminar
Festival celebration

COVERED SPACES
-

Class room
Library
Computer lab
Health care
Training Centre

- Near the target group - street child, women's

- Segregation of students should not be done according to their age.
- Children need - love, care, security
- For vocational training needs a informal environment , transparency, in the building - interactive environment
-Gives outdoor sitting
- Court yard for teaching area which offer excellent learning environment for the children.

13

besides the class room spill out space

class room are not fully closed open out the open space with non programmatic
spaces.

ZONING:

PLINTH EXPLORATION

14

PREFINAL
DESIGN:

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

15

FINAL DESIGN:

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

16

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

17

SECTIONS:

18

DETAILS:

19

MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES:

stone wall

Plastic bottle wall

Plastic bag brick

Waste tier sitting

Filler slab

Plastic bottle screening Glass bottle steps

Stone planter

Waste mosaic tile

Glass bottle & stone wall

Tier as a flooring material

Bamboo pivoted window

screening

Waste glass bottle wall

Waste tier furniture

Tier pond

Play area

door

Plinth and door

Fly ash wall

Glass bottle wall

20

MODEL:

21