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Population/ Patient Problem: Who is your patient? (Disease or Health status, age, race, sex)
Intervention: What do you plan to do for the patient? (Specific tests, therapies, medications)
Comparison: What is the alternative to your plan? (ie. No treatment, different type of treatment, etc.)
Outcome: What outcome do you seek? (Less symptoms, no symptoms, full health, etc.)
Time: What is the time frame? (This element is not always included.)
Other types of questions may arise: What causes the problem? ETIOLOGY, RISK
FACTORS What is the frequency of the problem? FREQUENCY Does this person
have the problem? DIAGNOSIS What is the typical course of the condition?
PROGNOSIS
6. What are the different types of Validity (Construct, Internal and External),
7. What are the different types of Variables (IV vs. DV)? Explain the difference between them
and also be able to identify different independent and dependent variables in a study?
8. Hypothesis testing: Type 1 and Type II errors. What is the difference between them?
9. What are the characteristics of Type 1 and Type II errors?
10. Difference between statistical and clinical significance?
11. Different types of statistics used in Inferential statistics?
12. What does T-test measure?
13. What is Hawthrone effect, Demand Characteristics, Attrition in a study?
14. What is statistical significance and how is it measures?
15. What is P or Alpha value? How is it used in a study to draw inferences?