Short answers: answer in complete sentences.

1. Briefly explain the difference between a literal translation and a dynamic/functional

equivalence translation. (5 points)
A literal translation is an interpretation that is taken literally. For example, the saying an
eye for an eye. If you can would to a literal translation you would think that it means that if
someone plucks your eye out you could pop his or hers out too.
A dynamic/functional equivalence translation is translating into a useful/purposeful
application. For example, the saying an eye for an eye. If you apply this term in a useful way,
it will make sure that you do not go over board when you attempt to get compensation.

2. What was the Babylonian Exile? Explain the terms pre-exilic, exilic and post-exilic. (5
points)
The Babylon Exile is the period in Jewish history in which multiple Jews of Judah were
prisoners in Babylonia. The pre-exilic time period was in the years previous to the exile of the
Jews to Babylon, about 600 B.C. The exilic period was when the Jews were living in Babylon.
The post-exilic period is after the Babylonian exile, between 538 B.C. and A.D. 1.

3. Explain how an eye for an eye limited violence. (5 points)

An eye for an eye limits violence because it encourages people to not seek more in
revenge that has been done onto you. It means that if you kill my cat I cannot kill your entire
family in an act of vengeance. It is meant to give justice and that is all.

Essay questions: answer in complete sentences, using paragraphs.

4. Briefly tell the story of the book of Ruth. What are some lessons that can be learned from this
book? (10 points)
The book of Ruth is full of valuable lessons. By reading the book can learn them. It starts
with Elimelech and his wife, Naomi, moving east to Moab with their two sons. Their two sons
get married to Ruth and Orpah. Eventually, Elimelech and his two sons die so Naomi, Ruth and
Orpah are left all by themselves.
The women are left with barely anything. One day, Ruth is out in the fields. She is trying
to get any lost crops left behind by the farmers. As she is gleaning in the fields, a rich man named
Boaz gives her permission to glean his field. In addition, Boaz was a close relative of Ruths late
husband so he was obligated to marry Ruth. Ruth goes into Boazs room, by instruction of her
mother. Ruth says that she would like to marry him, but she says that she has a relative thats
even closer to her.
The relative is not interested in marrying Ruth but instead wanted to buy some land from
Naomi. They made a deal to let the relative have the land and that Boaz can marry Ruth.
From this story we can learn that it is never good to give up. It is important that you keep
moving forward and hoping for the best. If Naomi, Ruth and Orpah withered away did not try to
stay alive they would never have been able to live the life of their dreams. If they just gave up
they would never have been part of the Bible. Because of Ruths bravery of going into the field
for gleaning, nothing would have changed. So this is teaching us never give up because God has
his best in store for us.
5. Choose two from the following call stories: Moses (Ex 3), Gideon (Jg 6), Samuel (1 Sm),
Isaiah (Is 6), Jeremiah (Jr 1). Describe the common elements in the call stories (10 points)

6. Tell some of the Ten Commandments. Where are they found in the Bible? Why are they
important? (10 points)