UJI EFEK EKSTRAK DAUN KEMUNING

(Murraya pniculata (L.) Jack) SEBAGAI PENURUN

KADAR KOLESTEROL DARAH MARMOT
JANTAN (Cavia cobaya)

ABSTRAK
Kadar kolesterol tinggi merupakan salah satu faktor resiko utama
penyebab aterosklerosis. Pengobatan untuk penderita kolesterol tinggi dengan
obat-obatan kimia harganya relatif mahal dan memiliki efek samping sehingga
masyarakat sudah menggunakan obat tradisional untuk menurunkan kadar
kolesterol yang tinggi. Salah satunya adalah daun kemuning.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian
ekstrak daun kemuning terhadap kadar kolesterol darah marmot yang dibuat
hiperkolesterolemia dengan cara memberikan makanan induksi berupa kuning
telur (dosis 1% bb) serta lemak kambing 15 g/100 g jumlah pakan yang diberikan
selama 14 hari.
Pada penelitian dilakukan karakterisasi simplisia, ekstraksi serbuk
simplisia dan uji efek penurun kadar kolesterol ekstrak daun kemuning (Murraya
paniculata (L.) Jack, suku Rutaceae) terhadap marmot yang dibuat
hiperkolesterolemia. Ekstrak daun kemuning diberikan secara oral dengan dosis
100 mg/kg BB, 200 mg/kg BB, 400 mg/kg BB. Simvastatin dosis 0,80 mg/kg BB
sebagai pembanding positif, dan suspensi Na-CMC 0,5% sebagai pembanding
negatif.
Hasil pemeriksaan karakterisasi simplisia daun kemuning diperoleh kadar
air 5,65%, kadar abu total 5,92%, kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam 1,39%, kadar
sari larut dalam air 27,07%, kadar sari larut dalam etanol 17,78%. Ekstraksi
dilakukan secara perkolasi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%.
Dari hasil pengujian statistik diperoleh bahwa pada pemberian ekstrak
daun kemuning dosis 100 mg/kg BB, 200 mg/kg BB dan 400 mg/kg BB
memberikan penurunan kadar kolesterol yang tidak berbeda secara nyata dengan
pemberian suspensi simvastatin 0,80 mg/kg BB.
Kata kunci : daun kemuning, kolesterol, hiperkolesterolemia, turun.

6
Universitas Sumatera Utara

THE EFFICACY TEST OF KEMUNING LEAF (Murraya paniculata (L.)

Jack) EXTRACT
IN LOWERING THE BLOOD CHOLESTEROL LEVEL
OF MALE GUINEA PIG (Cavia Cobaya)

ABSTRACT
Hypercholesterolemia is one of the main risk factor that causing
atherosclerosis. The treatment for high cholesterol patients using chemical drugs
is rather expensive nowadays and has various adverse effect, causing people to
begin using traditional drugs to decrease high cholesterol level. One of these
traditional drugs is kemuning leaf.
The objective of this research is to assess the effect of treatment with
kemuning leaf extract against hypercholesterolemia-induced guinea pigs blood
cholesterol level. The hypercholesterolemia was induced by giving inducing diets
containing 15g goat fat/100 g of food and yolk (dose 1% BW), given for fourteen
days.
In the research, simplex characterization, simplex powder extraction and
the assessment of cholesterol decreasing effect of kemuning leaf (Murraya
paniculata (L.) Jack, family Rutaceae) extract to hypercholesterolemia induced
guinea pig were done. The kemuning leaf extract was given orally with the dosage
of 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, 400 mg/kg BW. Simvastatin with dosage of
0,80 mg/kg BW was used as positive control and Na-CMC suspension 0,5% was
used as negative control.
The result of the simplex characterization showed water content of 9,13%,
total ash content of 4,54%, acid insoluble ash content of 1,66 %, water soluble
extract content of 17,17%, and ethanol soluble extract content of 11,71%. The
extraction was done with percolation method using ethanol 96% as solvent.
From the result of the statistical test, it was found that in the administration
of kemuning leaf extract with dosage of 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, 400
mg/kg BW,all showed cholesterol lowering effect insignificantly different with
the administration of simvastatin suspension dose 0,80 mg/kg BW.
Keyword : kemuning leaf, cholesterol, hypercholesterol, lowering.

7
Universitas Sumatera Utara