UNMSM

FGMMGC

Materia:

Fsica laboratorio

Tema:

Anlisis Grfico

Fecha realizada:

18/04/2016

Fecha de entrega:

21/04/2016

Integrantes:
Garayar Rivera, Jos Fernando

Laboratorio de Fsica N02

Tratamientos de datos experimentales

A) DATOS DIRECTOS
TABLA 1
Vagua(ml)
T(min)
1
2
3
4

100
<T(0C)
6.5
13.0
19.5
27.0

150
<T(0C)
4.5
9.0
14.0
18.0

TABLA 2
h (cm)
D (cm)
1.5
2.0
3.0
5.0

30
73.0
41.2
18.4
6.8

10
4
Tiempo de vaciado t (s)
43.0
26.7
23.7
15.0
10.5
6.8
3.9
2.2

1
13.5
7.2
3.7
1.5

TABLA 3
t(das)
A(%)

0
100

1
84

2
70

3
59

4
49

5
41

6
34

7
27

8
24

9
20

10
17

B) ANALISIS DE DATOS
TABLA 1

x i=i

y i=V

xi . yi

x i2

1
2
3
4
10

6.5
13.0
19.5
27.0
66

6.5
26.0
58.5
108.0
199

1
4
9
16
30

Primera recta

m=

4 ( 199 ) ( 10 ) ( 66 )
2
4 ( 30 )( 10 )

m=

370.6245.25 125.35
=
8556.25
28.75

m=6.8
b=

(30) ( 66 )( 10 ) ( 199 )
4 ( 30 )( 10 )2

b=

694.875694.875
0
=
28.75
28.75

b=0.5

Ecuacin:

y=6.8 x0 .5

Calculadora cientfica
factor de correlacin = 1

y=6.8 x0.5 ,

Segunda recta

xi

yi

xi . yi

x i2

1
2
3
4
10

4.5
9.0
14.0
18.0
45.5

4.5
18.0
42.0
72.0
136.5

1
4
9
16
30

m=

4 ( 136.5 ) ( 10 ) ( 45.5 )
4 ( 30 ) (10 )2

m=

370.6245.25 125.35
=
8556.25
28.75

m=4.55

b=

(30) ( 45.5 )( 10 ) ( 136.5 )

4 ( 30 )( 10 )2

b=

694.875694.875
0
=
28.75
28.75

b=0

Ecuacin:

y=4.55 x +0

Calculadora cientfica
factor de correlacin = 1

y=4.55 x +0 ,

TABLA 2
a) Con respecto a la altura
a.1) Para h = 1 cm

D(x i)

t( y i)

X i=log x i

Y i=log y i

X i .Y i

X i2

5.0
3.0
2.0
1.5

1.5
3.7
7.2
13.5

0.699
0.4771
0.301
0.1761
1.6532

0.1761
0.5682
0.8573
1.1303
2.7319

0.1231
0.2711
0.2581
0.1990
0.8513

0.4886
0.2276
0.0906
0.031
0.8378

m=

4 ( 0.8513 )(1.6532)(2.7319)
4 ( 0.8378 ) ( 1.6532 ) .2

m=

3.8996.66996134 2.77096134
=
7.766.2415
1.5185

m=1.7976437
b=

(2.7319) ( 0.8378 ) (1.6532)(0.8513)

4 ( 0.8378 )( 1.6532 ) .2

b=

4.14352961.94817434 2.19535526
=
7.766.215
1.5185

b=1.425941149

Formula potencial:

1.425941149
1.7976437
anti log x
y =

y=27.9088627 x1.8248051
Formula lineal:
log y=1.8248051 log x +1.44574213

Factor de correlacin:

0.999

a.2) Para h = 4 cm

D(x i)

t( y i)

X i=log x i

Y i=log y i

X i .Y i

X i2

5.0
3.0
2.0
1.5

2.2
6.8
15
26.7

0.699
0.4771
0.301
0.1761
1.6532

0.3424
0.8325
1.1761
1.4265
3.7775

0.2901
0.3972
0.354
0.2512
1.2925

0.4886
0.2276
0.0906
0.031
0.8378

m=

4 ( 1.2925 ) (1.6532)(3.7775)
4 ( 0.8378 ) (1.6532 ) .2

m=

6.949.9032612 2.9592612
=
7.766.2415
1.5185

m=1.9488092
b=

(3.7775) ( 0.8378 ) (1.6532)(1.2925)

4 ( 0.8378 )( 1.6532 ) .2

b=

6.1521283.4676404 2.6844876
=
7.766.215
1.5185

b=1.76654203
Formula potencial:

1.76654203
1.9488092
anti log x
y =
1.9488092

y=58.4173733 x
Formula lineal:

log y=1.9488092 log x +1.76654203

Factor de correlacin:

a.3) Para h = 10cm

0.999

D(x i)

t( y i)

X i=log x i

Y i=log y i

X i .Y i

Xi

5.0
3.0
2.0
1.5

3.9
10.5
23.7
43

0.699
0.4771
0.301
0.1761
1.6532

0.5911
1.0212
1.3747
1.6335
4.6205

0.4132
0.4872
0.4138
0.2877
1.6019

0.4886
0.2276
0.0906
0.031
0.8378

m=

4 ( 1.6019 ) (1.6532)(4.6205)
2
4 ( 0.8378 ) ( 1.6532 ) .

m=

9.281512.2954 3.0139
=
7.766.2415
1.5185

m=1.9847876

b=

(4.6205) ( 0.8378 )(1.6532)(1.6019)

4 ( 0.8378 ) (1.6532 ) .2

b=

7.63824.6376 3.0006
=
7.766.215
1.5185

b=1.97602898
Formula potencial:

1.97602898
1.9847876
anti log x
y =

y=94.62371614 x

1.9847876

Formula lineal:
log y=1.9847876 log x+1.97602898

Factor de correlacin:

0.999

a.4) Para h = 30cm

D(x i)

t( y i)

X i=log x i

Y i=log y i

X i .Y i

X i2

5.0
3.0
2.0
1.5

6.8
18.4
41.2
73.0

0.699
0.4771
0.301
0.1761
1.6532

0.8325
1.2648
1.6148
1.8633
5.5754

0.5819
0.6034
0.4860
0.3281
1.9994

0.4886
0.2276
0.0906
0.031
0.8378

m=

4 ( 1.9994 )(1.6532)(5.5754)
4 ( 0.8378 )( 1.6532 ) .2

m=

12.13215.1912 3.0592
=
7.766.2415
1.5185

m=2.0139611
b=

(5.5754) ( 0.8378 )(1.6532)(1.9994)

4 ( 0.8378 ) ( 1.6532 ) .2

b=

9.43716.0619 3.3752
=
7.766.215
1.5185

b=2.22271979
Formula potencial:

2.22271979
anti log x2.0146197
y =
y=167.001276 x2.0146197
Formula lineal:
log y=2.0146197 x+ 2.22271979
Factor de correlacin:

0.999

b) Con respecto a los dimetros

b.1) D = 1.5 cm
h(x i )

t( y i)

X i=log x i

1
4
10
30

13.5
26.7
43.0
73.0

0
0.6021
1
1.4771
2.0792

m=

4 ( 5.2447 )(2.0792)(6.05363)
4 ( 3.5443 ) ( 2.0792 ) .2

m=

37.785534.3013 3.4842
=
26.184519.1862 6.9983

m=0.49786377

b=

(3.5443) ( 6.05363 )(2.0792)(5.2447)

4 ( 3.5443 )( 2.0792 ) .2

Y i=log y i
1.1303
1.4265
1.6335
1.86333
6.05363

X i .Y i

X i2

0
0.8589
1.6335
2.7523
5.2447

0
0.3625
1
2.1818
3.5443

b=

41.010233.1016 7.9086
=
26.184519.1862 6.9983

b=1.13007445
Formula potencial:

1.13007445
anti log x 0.49786377
y =
y=13.4919414 x 0.49786377
Formula lineal:
log y=0.49786377 x +1.13007445
Factor de correlacin:

0.999

b.2) D = 2 cm
h( x i )

t( y i)

X i=log x i

Y i=log y i

X i .Y i

X i2

1
4
10
30

7.2
15
23.7
41.2

0
0.6021
1
1.4771
3.0792

0.8573
1.1761
1.3747
1.6149
5.023

0
0.7081
1.3747
2.3854
4.4682

0
0.3625
1
2.1818
3.5443

m=

4 ( 4.4682 )(3.0792)(5.023)
2
4 ( 3.5443 ) ( 3.0792 ) .

m=

32.27828. .8454 3.4326

=
26.184519.1862 6.9983

m=0.49049055

b=

(3.5443) ( 5.023 )(3.0792)( 4.4682)

4 ( 3.5443 )( 3.0792 ) .2

b=

34.487128.2768 6.2103
=
26.184519.1862 6.9983

b=0.88740123

Formula potencial:

0.88740123
0.49049055
anti log x
y =

y=7.71616003 x

0.49049055

Formula lineal:
log y=0.49049055 x +0.88740123

Factor de correlacin:

0.999

b.3) D = 3 cm

h( x i )

t( y i)

X i=log x i

Y i=log y i

X i .Y i

X i2

1
4
10
30

3.7
6.8
10.5
18.4

0
0.6021
1
1.4771
3.0792

0.5682
0.8325
1.0212
1.2648
3.6867

0
0.5012
1.0212
1.8682
3.3906

0
0.3625
1
2.1818
3.5443

m=

4 ( 3.3906 )(3.0792)(3.6867)
2
4 ( 3.5443 ) ( 3.0792 ) .

m=

24.584521.2873 3.2972
=
26.184519.1862 6.9983

m=0.47114299

b=

(3.5443) ( 3.6867 ) (3.0792)(3.3906)

4 ( 3.5443 )( 3.0792 ) .2

b=

25.450821.537 3.9138
=
26.184519.1862 6.9983

b=0.5592501
Formula potencial:

0.5592501
0.47114299
anti log x
y=
y=3.62451669 x

0.47114299

Formula lineal:
log y=0.47114299 log x +0.5592501
Factor de correlacin:

b.4)

0.998

D = 5 cm
2

h( x i )

t( y i)

X i=log x i

Y i=log y i

X i .Y i

Xi

1
4
10
30

1.5
2.2
3.9
6.8

0
0.6021
1
1.4771
3.0792

0.1761
0.3424
0.5911
0.8325
1.9421

0
0.2499
0.5911
1.2297
2.0707

0
0.3625
1
2.1818
3.5443

m=

4 ( 2.0707 )(3.0792)(1.9421)
4 ( 3.5443 ) (3.0792 ) .2

m=

15.06511.9974 3.0676
=
26.184519.1862 6.9983

m=0.43833502

b=

(3.5443) ( 1.9421 )(3.0792)(2.0707)

4 ( 3.5443 )( 3.0792 ) .2

b=

14.343913.1975 1.1464
=
26.184519.1862 6.9983

b=0.16381121
Formula potencial:

0.16381121
0.43833502
anti log x
y=

y=1.45818025 x 0.43833502
Formula lineal:
log y=0.43833502 log x+ 0.16381121

Factor de correlacin:

0.996

* Cambio de variable
f.1)
D(x i)
0.4444
0.25
0.1111
0.04

0.8455

t( y i)

xi . yi

13.5
7.2
3.7
1.5
25.9

5.9994
1.8
0.4111
0.06
8.2705

m=

4 ( 8.2705 )(0.8455)(25.9)
4 ( 0.2739 ) ( 0.8455 ) . 2

m=

42.18423.6391 18.5449
=
1.37150.7498 0.6217

m=29.8285624
b=

(0.2739) ( 25.9 ) (0.8455)(8.2705)

2
4 ( 0.2739 )( 0.8455 ) .

b=

7.48847.3054 0.183
=
1.37150.7498 0.6217

b=0.29428956

x i2
0.1975
0.0625
0.0123
0.0016
0.2739

Formula lineal:
y=29.8285624 x +0.29428956
Factor de correlacin:

0.998

f.2)

D(x i)
0.4444
0.25
0.1111
0.04
0.8455

t( y i)

xi . yi

26.7
15
6.8
2.6
51.1

11.8655
3.75
0.7555
0.104
16.475

m=

4 ( 16.475 ) (0.8455)(51.1)
2
4 ( 0.2739 )( 0.8455 ) .

m=

82.507545.3732 37.1343
=
1.37150.7498
0.6217

xi
0.1975
0.0625
0.0123
0.0016
0.2739

m=56.7286686
b=

(0.2739) ( 51.1 )(0.8455)(16.475)

4 ( 0.2739 )( 0.8455 ) .2

b=

14.373314.2886 0.0847
=
1.37150.7498
0.6217

b=0.13618917
Formula lineal:
y=56.7286686 x +0.13618917
Factor de correlacin:

0.998

f.3)

D( x i)
0.4444
0.25
0.1111
0.04

0.8455

t( y i)

xi . yi

43
23.7
10.5
3.9
81.1

19.1092
5.925
1.1666
0.156
26.3568

xi
0.1975
0.0625
0.0123
0.0016
0.2739

m=

4 ( 26.3568 )(0.8455)(81.1)
4 ( 0.2739 ) ( 0.8455 ) .2

m=

131.98871.9563 37.1343
=
1.37150.7498
0.6217

m=96.557906

b=

(0.2739) ( 81.1 ) (0.8455)(26.3568)

2
4 ( 0.2739 )( 0.8455 ) .

b=

22.794322.8577 0.0634
=
1.37150.7498
0.6217

b=0.1018982

Formula lineal:
y=96.557906 x0.1018982

Factor de correlacin:

0.998

f.4)

D D ( xi x i )
0.4444
0.25
0.1111
0.04

0.8455

t t ( yi yi )

x i. y i

73
41.2
18.4
6.8
139.4

32.4412
10.3
2.0442
0.272
45.0574

m=

4 ( 45.0574 ) (0.8455)(139.4)
4 ( 0.2739 )( 0.8455 ) .2

m=

225.6135123.4773 102.1362
=
1.37150.7498
0.6217

m=164.28074

b=

(0.2739) ( 139.4 )(0.8455)(45.0574)

4 ( 0.2739 )( 0.8455 ) .2

b=

39.115239.0717 0.0435
=
1.37150.7498
0.6217

b=0.06986146

Formula lineal:
y=164.28074 x +0.06986146

x i2
0.1975
0.0625
0.0123
0.0016
0.2739

Factor de correlacin:

0.998

TABLA 3
t( das)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

A()
100
84
70
59
49
41
34
27
24
20
17

ln A
4.6052
4.4308
4.2485
4.0775
3.8918
3.7136
3.5264
3.2958
5.1781
2.9957
2.8332

En este caso, la ecuacin es el papel milimetrado de una exponencial, y para

linealizarlo recurrimos al papel semilogartmico. Sin embargo, para hallar la
pendiente, utilizaremos la ecuacin siguiente:
m=

( y 1 y 0 )
( x 1x 0 )

Y para el intercepto, reemplazaremos en la siguiente ecuacin:

ln ( y )=mx +b
Ya que con el mtodo de regresin lineal no nos es posible:
m=

4.43084.6052 0.1744
=
10
1

m=0.1744
4.6052=0.1744 ( 0 ) +b
b=4.6052
Formula exponencial:

y=(e 4.6052 )e0.1744 x

y=100.0830158 e0.1744 x
Formula lineal:

ln ( y )=0.1744 x +4.6052

Factor de correlacin:

0.998

TABLA 2:
PAPEL MILIMETRADO
b) Con respecto a la altura
b.1) Para h = 1 cm

f(x) = 27.9 x^-1.82

R = 1

Power ()

b.2) Para h = 4 cm

f(x) = 58.42 x^-1.95

R = 1

Power ()

b.3) Para h = 10cm

f(x) = 94.64 x^-1.98

R = 1

Power ()

b.4) Para h = 30cm

f(x) = 166.97 x^-2.01

R = 1

Power ()

c) Con respecto a los dimetros

c.1) D = 1.5 cm

f(x) = 13.49 x^0.5

R = 1

Power ()

c.2) D = 2 cm

f(x) = 7.72 x^0.49

R = 1

Power ()

c.3) D = 3 cm

f(x) = 3.62 x^0.47

R = 1

Power ()

c.4)

D = 5 cm

f(x) = 1.46 x^0.44

R = 1

Power ()

PAPEL LOGARITMICO

d) Con respecto a la altura

d.1) Para h = 1 cm

f(x) = - 1.82x + 1.45

R = 1

Linear ()

d.2) Para h = 4 cm

f(x) = - 1.95x + 1.77

R = 1

Linear ()

d.3) Para h = 10cm

f(x) = - 1.98x + 1.98

R = 1

Linear ()

d.4) Para h = 30cm

f(x) = - 2.01x + 2.22

R = 1

Linear ()

e) Con respecto a los dimetros

e.1) D = 1.5 cm

f(x) = 0.5x + 1.13

R = 1

Linear ()

e.2) D = 2 cm

f(x) = 0.49x + 0.89

R = 1

Linear ()

e.3) D = 3 cm

f(x) = 0.47x + 0.56

R = 1

Linear ()

e.4)

D = 5 cm

f(x) = 0.44x + 0.16

R = 1

Linear ()

f) Cambio de variable

z=

1
D2

f.1) Para h = 1 cm

f(x) = 29.82x + 0.3

R = 1

Linear ()

f.2) Para h = 4 cm

f(x) = 59.7x + 0.14

R = 1

Linear ()

f.3) Para h = 10cm

f(x) = 96.52x - 0.1

R = 1

Linear ()

f.4) Para h = 30cm

f(x) = 164.21x + 0.08

R = 1

Linear ()

g) Tabla 3

A(%)
f(x)
f(x)
==
-30.65
108.64
ln(x)
x^-0.71
+ 88.8
RR
==
0.99
0.91
f(x) = 100.09 exp( -0.18 x )
R = 1

A(%)
Power (A(%))
Power (A(%))

A(%)

Logarithmic (A(%))
Exponential (A(%))

dias

h)

f(x) = - 0.08x + 2
R = 1

Linear ()