UNIKL BMI

UniKL BRITISH MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE

SOLUTION AND MARKING SCHEME
FINAL EXAM

ELECTRONICS 1 (BEB11203)
Question
No.

Topics Covered

Marks Allocated

Answer ONLY FOUR (4) questions.

1
2

PART A
Feedback and Oscillator
Op amp and Filter

[25 marks]
[25 marks]

1
2
3

PART B
Signal and Noise
Small Signal Amplifier Circuit
Power Amplifier

[25 marks]
[25 marks]
[25 marks]

Verified by: Subject Leader [MTM]

Signature: ____________________________
Date

IA/ISO

: ____________________________

Prepared by: [MTM]

HOS verification

QAS verification

UNIKL BMI

Question
No
1a

Solutions
a)

Allocated
Mark

An amplifier has an open loop voltage gain of 5000. Determine the

feedback factor required to reduce the voltage gain to 1000.

5000
1 5000
5000
1 5000
1000
1 5000 5
1000

5000 5 1 4
4

5000

1 mark
1 mark

1 mark
1 mark

The gain of an operational amplifier is 8000 before 8% of its output is applied

1b

with negative feedback. Calculate the percentage of reduction in the feedback

gain of the op amp if the open circuit loop gain reduces by 50 % due to aging.

AV 1 8000

8%
AVf

AV
1 AV

8000
8
1 8000

100
8000
AVf 1
12.48
1 640
AV 2 50% x8000 4000
AVf 1

AVf

AV

1 AV
4000
8
1 4000

100
4000

12.46
1 320

AVf 2

AVf 2

1mark
1mark

2marks
1mark

2 marks

1mark

% reduction of closed loop gain:12.48 12.46

x100%
12.48
0.16%

IA/ISO

2marks

UNIKL BMI
For a Wein Bridge Oscillator to oscillate at a frequency of 5 kHz;

1c

i. Calculate the needed resistance, R for it positive feedback

networks if the capacitance value is 0.01F.

fosc

1
2RC

1 mark

Given = 0.01uF, thus:R

1
2fC

1 mark

1
2 (5kHz )(0.01uF )
3.183k

1 mark
1 mark

ii.

1c

Find the value of Rf and Rin to ensure oscillation.

The gain of the amplifier,

A = 1 + Rf / Rin

1 mark

Gain must be greater than 3, lets A = 3, Rin = 3k thus

3 = 1 + Rf / 3k
Rf = 2 (3k)
= 6k

IA/ISO

1 mark
1 mark
1 mark

UNIKL BMI
iii. Draw the circuit diagram of the designed oscillator above.

1c

C1

R1
31.83kohm

5 marks
** minus 0.5
for each
mistake for
drawing and
value**

0.01uF
U1

1
31.83kohm

0.01uF

R2

C2

3
2

Rin
3kohm

Rf
6kohm

a ) List FIVE (5) characteristics of an ideal op amp.

Q2

1 mark each

1. Infinite gain
2. Infinite bandwidth
3. Infinite input impedance
4. Zero output impedance
5. Zero offset voltage
b) A certain of differential amplifier has an open loop voltage gain of 11000

Q2

and a common-mode gain of 0.8 Determine the CMRR and expressed it in

decibels.
CMRR = Aol = Ad = Vo/Vd
Acm Ac = Vo/Vc

11000
0.8
13750

1 mark
1mark

IA/ISO

1 mark

CMRR = 20 log Aol

Acm
20 log 13750

1 mark

82.76dB

1 mark

1 mark

UNIKL BMI
c) Draw and label the circuit diagram for:-

Q2

i.

two pole low pass active filter.

ii.

one pole high pass active filter.

2 marks

2 marks

IA/ISO

UNIKL BMI

Q2

d) Design Band Pass Filter with the cutoff frequency fOH = 200Hz, fOL= 5KHz and
the voltage/pass band gain is 3

High Pass Filter

f OL

1
200 Hz
2RC

1 mark

Lets C = 0.01uF
1
2R (0.01uF )
1
R
2 ( 200 Hz )(0.01uF )
79.6k
200 Hz

1 mark

1 mark

Voltage gain for low pass filter is given by:Av 1

Rf
Rin

1 mark

Lets Rin = 1k , Av = 3, thus:Rf

Rin
Rf
3 1
10k
2(1k) Rf
Av 1

Rf 2k

IA/ISO

1 mark

UNIKL BMI

Low Pass Filter

f OH

1
5 KHz
2RC

1 mark

Lets C = 0.01uF
1
2R (0.01uF )
1
R
2 (5 KHz )(0.01uF )
3.18k

5kHz

1 mark

1 mark

Voltage gain for low pass filter is given by:Av 1

Rf
Rin

Lets Rin = 5k , Av = 3, thus:-

1 mark

Rf
Rin
Rf
3 1
10k
2(5k) Rf

1 mark

Av 1

Rf 10k

PART B
The input signal to a 40dB amplifier is 30 W. The amplifier itself produces

additional 15 nW of internal noise. If the input signal to noise ratio is 50 dB,

calculate:
i.

The input noise power to the amplifier.

SNR i/p = 50dB

= 10 log Signal input power
Noise input power
50dB = 10 log 30uW
Noise input power
-1
Log 50/10 = 30uW
Noise input power
Noise input power = 30uW
100000
= 300pW

IA/ISO

1 mark
1 mark
1 mark
1 mark
1 mark

UNIKL BMI
ii

The total output noise power.

No/p = (Ni/p x Ap) + Nint

1 mark

Ap = 40dB = log-1 40/10 = 10000

1 mark

No/p = (Ni/p x Ap) + Nint

= (300pW x 10000) + 15nW
= 3.015uW

1 mark
1 mark
1 mark

iii. The output signal power.

Power gain AP 10 log

40dB 10 log
Po log 1

Po
Pin

1 mark

Po
30uW

1 mark

40
(30uW )
10

300mW

1 mark
2 mark

iv. The output signal to noise ratio.

SNR o/p = 10 log Signal output power

Noise output power
= 10 log 300mW
3.015uW
= 49.97dB

2 marks

1 mark
2 marks

v. The noise factor of the amplifier.

IA/ISO

F = SNR i/p SNR o/p

2 marks

= 50dB 49.97dB

1 mark

= 0.03dB

2 marks

UNIKL BMI

2a

The input impedance to a common emitter transistor amplifier is 2.2 k with

= 140, ro = 50k, RL = 2.7 k. Determine:
i.

re

ii.

Ib if Vi = 30mV

iii.

Ic

iv.

Ai

v.

Av

i.

Given input impedance Zin = 2.2 k

Zin = re
re = Zin / = 2.2 k / 140 = 15.71

ii.

Vi = Ibre
Ib = Vi / re = 30mV / 140(15.71) = 1.9mA

iii.
iv.
v.

Ic = Ib = (140)(1.9mA) = 267.3mA
Ai = = 140
Av = -RL / re = - 2.7k / 15.71 = - 171.8

2 marks

2 marks

IA/ISO

2 marks
2 marks
2 marks

UNIKL BMI
Referring to Figure 1, given Vcc = 16V, RB = 220k, RC= 5.6k, = 40, ro =

2b

100k. Determine:
a)

re

b) Input impedance, Zi
c)

Output impedance, Zo

d) Voltage gain, Av
e)

Current gain, Ai.

Solution

I BQ

VCC 0.7V
16V O.7V

69.55uA
RB
220k

I CQ I B 40(69.55uA) 2.78mA I E

1 mark

1 mark

VCEQ VCC I C RC 16V (2.78mA)(5.6k) 16V 15.57V 0.43V

1 mark

26mV
9.35
2.78mA

a)

re

b)

Input impedance Zi = RB//re

If RB 10re, 220k 10(40)(9.35)= 220k 3.7k TRUE!!!!

c)

2 marks

1 mark

Zi = re = 40 (9.35) = 374

1 mark

Zo = Rc//ro, if ro 10 RC,

1 mark

100k 10 (5.6k) = 100k 56k TRUE!!!!

1 mark

then
1 mark

Zo = RC = 5.6k
d) Voltage gain
Vo
Rc // ro , if ro 10 R
Av

C
Vi
re
Av

IA/ISO

Rc
5.6k

599
re
9.35

1 mark

2 marks

UNIKL BMI

e) Current Gain
1 mark

Io
RB ro
Ai
Ii ro RC RB re
However, if ro 10 RC and RB 10re, which is often the case,

Ai

Io
RB ro

Ii ro RB
Ai = or Ai Av

Zi
= 40
Rc

1 mark

Referring to Figure 2, given RB = 2k, RC = 30 , VCC = 20V, = 45. Determine

I BQ

VCC 0.7V
20V O.7V

9.65mA
RB
2

I CQ I B 45(9.65mA) 434.25mA
VCEQ VCC I C RC 20V ( 434.25mA)(20) 11 .32V

i.

1 mark

1 mark
1 mark

Calculate the input power, Pin(dc) .

Pi ( dc ) VCC I CQ ( 20V )(434.25mA) 8.69W

2 marks

ii. Output power, Po(ac).

I 2 C ( p)
RC
2
(434.25mA) 2

(30)
2
2.83W
PO (ac)

IA/ISO

2 marks
1 mark
2 marks

UNIKL BMI
iii. Efficiency of the amplifier, .
Thus the efficiency for the circuit is:=

Po( ac )
x100%
Pi ( dc)

2 marks

2.83W
x100%
8.69W
32.56%

1 mark

iv.

2 marks

Power dissipated

PDQ = VCEQICQ

2 marks
1 mark

= (11.32V)(434.25mA)
= 4.9W
v.

2 marks

Draw the dc load line.

5 marks

IC(mA)
IC(SAT) = VCC / RC
= 20V/30
= 666.66mAmp
Q
ICQ= 434.25mA

VCE
VCEQ = 11.32V

IA/ISO

20V
VCE(CUTOFF)=VCC