r_f ma

Ijh tF
ulh gUt

86

1.

fhyiy Matiw bghUJ lF l

ntWgLwd.
fhzgLwd.
jF jik
mfF Kjfis ju ntW tif jhtu df fhzgLtiy.

gRikkhwh fhLf nkF bjhl kiy,

kakiy HFgF, mrh kiyf,
mjkh nfhgh f Kja gFf
fhzgLwd.
87

, ahid, fhlhUf, fuo, fhLfGij, kiyghf,

rJkh Kja yFf F thwd.

bgW

r_f ma

xorh,

flfiu rkbtf kW M fKf rs gFf

tif fhLf tswd. fhLf Rjtif kuf
tstjh it Rjutdf vdgLwd. jF Rj
gHf ijf KisJ nt% tsJ xU tdkhf cUthwJ.
it, miyfsh VgL k mig jLJ tsf tl k
fliy brwilahkh ghJfhwJ. tif kuf jitf,
fLku, glFf bra f Vwit.
88

fh

fKfJthuf

ntyku, ntfhjh, Kku, Kjf,

rghf, jbrof Kjad.
r_f ma

89

ah - fhLf
t

cuf

bjyfhdh

jr

n
u

r_f ma

tsU kuf
njF, njtjU, m, U, brku, fUfh, rh, kUJ,
nfhF Ma kutiff F tswd.
90

csd.
kjfSF njitahd wFf kW kuyhd bghUf
bra njitahd kuf ilwd.
Jf, rha
fhLf UJ ekF kUJt gaDs bghUfSl gHf,
ijf, nj, ntf, gilf, _iff vd vzw
bghUf ilwd.

btlgLtjh fhLf mfgLwd. jdh kiH ts FiwJ

tw VgLwJ.
91

r_f ma

kiyf tsU kufis, mF thGcd tiff bgafis

mJ th. fhLf gy tif cL. mt tif tifahd kuf csd.
mt mik, cau, iyf Matiw xL ghJ vGth.

( Chipko Movement )

r_f ma

cuf

92

( Bio-diversity )

d f, xJf H

tdyF Hh Gu khz gjh brhait.

r_f ma

,
93

r_f ma

94

II. tU fhLf fhzgL kuf VnjD uoid vGJf.

III. r ( ), jtW ( ) vd FLf.

.
.
.

1.

rJ y fhLf

2.

kiy fhLf

3.

Kj fhLf

4.
.

r_f ma

95

r_f ma

tsF kufis vthW ghJfhgh?

egfSl fyJiuahLf.

96

2.
vit? vjF?
fl mltiz rikf gagL bghUis tlLf.
gaz bra gagL bghUis monfhoLf. eiff bra
gagL bghUis ( ) brf.
bgnuha

jf

gU

yf

jhu

mYa

fg
njh bghUf

aifnyna FS,
ghiwFS
goUF
cnyhf bghUf fyitia jhJf vnwh. xU eho
tsF jhJ bghUf f mta, jhJ bghUfis
UJ bto vLfgL lfSF Ruff vW bga.
jhJ bghUfis ikgL J eh gy fkfis
bgWnwh.

bjhl to, auf, fgf fL bjh Mat U

Ka bghUshF.

xorh,

97

ah - jhJ tsf
t

cuf

xorh

r_f ma

bjyfhdh

98

xorhYs

...

...

r_f ma

ntbghUf

xorh

99

xorh,

ijJ UF f Kakhd ts yfahF. J

r_f ma

mfs vbghUshf gagLjgLwJ.

cy yf ts _ xU gF
Mafl csJ.

yfahdJ

cnyhfij cUF MiyfY,

vfY, U bjhrhiyfY
vbghUshf gagLwJ. J md r jahf gagLwJ.
100

xorh,

bto L vJ rhg Mf lhk fUFtjh ilgJ

flnfh,

cUkhW.

miHnwh. frh vbzUJ bgnuh, Or,

kbzbz, jh, ghu, bkGF Mait
bjLfgLwd.
Kig, mrh gh,
F#uh mnyZt Ma lf bgnuha
ilwJ.
101

r_f ma

bgnuha taf mfKs gF gR bgUfl.

(fh khy).

102

cyf ms eh xU gF ah ilF
jhJbghU.

xorh
khd ghff bra f VwJ.

jhJbghUf

2.

3.

4.
5.
103

r_f ma

1.

xorh

.
jhJbghUf vwh vd?

ghJfhf
.
1.
2.
.
jhJbghUf

?.

r_f ma

cnyhf bghUf

104

3.

mikJ mPf M brJ tUwd.

r_f ma

105

yit milj Kj kj

106

brnwh. kj Fy rhghf rkhjhd nehfJl ehf

ehf

r_f ma

107

r_f ma

108

ehfSF

J mtf aghf Rthf

d.

109

mit

r_f ma

gUfis

L 2012 M ML
btF brWs Rjh
a mtf,mbkf
bt uf ju tir
gdhwhtJ lij bgW

r_f ma

bgUik nrJsh.

110

r_f ma

111

112

r_f ma

I. rahd ilia njnjLJ vGJf.

II.
.

113

r_f ma

Kj braif nfh

.
1.
2.
3.
4.
.
1. bt gaz nkbfhlh mj gaz mDgt
vthW UF? c mwhl braf vbdd khwf
fG? vgij FG fyJiuaho goaL.
2. bt bjhlghd glfis nrfJ glbjhF jah br.

r_f ma

3. va bjhiynehia Ma cjl flthW br.

114

4.
brid, jiyik brayf g khjt jdJ
FLgJl JblF RWyh brwh. mtf Jbl
mikJs ghuhSkw, FoauR jiyt khif, cr kw
nghwtiw neuoahf ghJ kailjhf.
mtuJ isa kf ah jijl FoauR jiyt, ujk
kW ghuhSkw braghLf g TWkhW nflh. mt
nffSF jij sf mf bjhldh.
eh thG
r_f bghJ
eikfhf rlfis tFJsJ .
muayik rlfis murhf
cUth bfhLJsJ.
ekJ
murhf mrlfis
eilKiwgL tUwJ. a
mua mik rl ka
muR, khy muR kW
ka
MFgl
gFf(a
unjr) mfhuf midJ tiuaWfgLsd.
a mua mik rl, cynyna l vGjgl
MtzkhF. j mua mik rl 1950 M ML #dt
26 M eh eilKiwF tjJ. mj ehis eh FoauR Uehshf
bfhlhLnwh.
ah iwahikila, rkjk,
kjrhgw, #dehaf FoauR ehlhf fwJ.
r_f ma

115

e ehL J guj

thf

ghuhSkw
ghuhSkw kfsit (Lok Sabha) khyfsit
(Rajya Sabha) vd U mitfis bfhLsJ.

r_f ma

kfsit bkhj cWdf vif 545. 543

cWdf kfsh neuoahf njbjLfgLwd. uL
cWdf kL FoauR jiytuh afgLwd.

.. 1952.
U. go #tAyh neU.
U.

116

j cWdf vif bkhj 250.

238
cWdf khyrlkw cWdfsh njbjLfgLwd.

gy f M Kiw e #dehaf wf xwhF.

r_f ma

murhf rthj jiyt. ujk mikr j kw

mikrfSF Jiwfis xJL brwh.
117

khy murhf

khy ms bragL muR khy

murhf vdgLwJ. xbthU khyY rl
kw cL. J, X mit myJ U mitfis
bfhljhf
UF.
j cWdf
kfsh
neuoahf njbjLfgLwhf.
tf gjfhy
IjhLfshF. ah 29 khyfS 7 ka MgFfS
lbgWsd.
khy MSe FoauR jiytuh afgLwh.
khyrlkw
njj,njbjLfgl
bgUghik
cWdfis bfhl f jf rl kwjiytiu nj
brwJ. mtnu Kj mikruhf MSeuh akd bragLwh.
Kj mikrMnyhridgo,
MSe mtuJ mikrfis
awh. jeho bkhj 234 rlkw bjhFf csd.

csJ.

r_f ma

thf

7.

J bl

J bl
118

r_f ma

119

r_f ma

mjkh
nfhgh f

a muayikF Kfiu tHat - U. #tAyh neU.

ah Kj FoauR jiyt - lhl.gh uhn#uurh.
ah Kj Jiz FoauR jiyt - lhl. uhjhUZz.
a njj nghol Kj bg Uk fk nj rnlhghah.
njj Kj Kj bgf thfj ML - 1950.
bgf ghuhSkwF njbjLfgl ML - 1952.
ah bkhj rlrig bjhFf - 4052.
j mua rl bfhl a khy - #K fhZ.
kwf ghuhSkw _whtJ mit vd Tat U. bkhuh njrh.
2 khtlf kLnk cs a unjr - mjkh nfhgh
f.
120

e eho jiyik kw

MF.

r_f ma

121

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

mikrhuhf gahatf goa.

.
, Jizjiytiu
).

r_f ma

122

r_f ma

123

r_f ma

124