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DYNA,Vol.78,Nm.168(2011)

EXERGOECONOMICCOMPARISONOFABSORPTION
REFRIGERATIONSYSTEMSINCLUDINGAHIBRID
ABSORPTIONEJECTOCOMPRESSIONCHILLER
COMPARACINEXERGOECONMICADESISTEMASDE
REFRIGERACINPORABSORCININCLUYENDOUNCHILLERDE
ABSORCINEYECTOCOMPRESIN

JUANCARLOSBURBANOJARAMILLO
MechanicalEngineeringFaculty,TechnologicalUniversityofPereira,Pereira,Colombia.
jburbano@utp.edu.co
LUIZFELIPEPELLEGRINI
EscolaPolitcnica,UniversityofSoPaulo,SoPaulo,Brazil.luiz.pellegrini@poli.usp.br
SILVIODEOLIVEIRAJR.
EscolaPolitcnica,UniversityofSoPaulo,SoPaulo,Brazil.Silvio.oliveira@poli.usp.br

ReceivedforreviewNovember24th,2009acceptedDecember2nd ,2010finalversion
December8th,2010

ABSTRACT:Thestudyofabsorptionrefrigerationsystemshashadincreasingimportancein
recentyearsduetothefactthattheprimaryenergythatisusedinanabsorptionsystemcan
beheatavailablefromaresidualsourceorevenarenewableone.Therefore,thesesystems
notonlyuseenergythatwouldberejectedbytheenvironment,butalsotheyavoidthe
consumptionofexpensivefossilorelectricalenergies.Theproductioncostofthemechanical
worknecessarytoobtainakWofrefrigerationformechanicalcompressioncycleisnormally
higherthanthecostforrecoveringtheneededheattoobtainthesamekWinanabsorption
cycle.Also,theuseofthesesystemsreducesimpactontheenvironmentbydecreasingthe
emissionofCO2.Weintendtoshowtheperformanceofahybridabsorptionejecto
compressionchillercomparedtoconventionaldoubleandsingleeffectwater/lithiumbromide
systems,bymeansofanexergeticandexergoeconomicanalysisoftheseconfigurationsin
ordertocalculatetheexergybasedcostofafinalproduct.Thevaporcompression
refrigerationsystemisincludedintheresults,asacomparissontotheperformanceofthe
absorptionrefrigerationsystemsanalyzed.
KEYWORDS:Hybridrefrigerationsystem,absorptionejectocompressionchiller,
exergoeconomicanalysis
RESUMEN:Elestudiodelossistemasderefrigeracinporabsorcinhatomadouna
importanciacrecienteenlosltimosaos,yaquelaenergaprimariaqueesusadaenun
sistemadeabsorcinpuedesercalordisponibledeunafuenteresidualodeunarenovable.
Porlotanto,estossistemasnoslousanenergaqueserarechazadaalambientesino
tambin,evitanelconsumodeenergasfsilesoelctricascostosas.Elcostodeproduccin
detrabajomecniconecesarioparaobtenerunkWderefrigeracinparaelciclode
compresinmecnicoes,normalmente,msaltoqueelcostopararecuperarelcalor
necesarioparaobtenerelmismokWenunciclodeabsorcin.Tambin,elusodeestos
sistemasreduceelimpactoambientaldisminuyendolaemisindeCO2.Esteartculopretende
mostrareldesempeodeunchillerhbridodeabsorcineyectocompresincomparadocon
sistemasdeabsorcinconvencionalesdeagua/bromurodelitiodesimpleydobleefecto,por
mediodeunanlisisexergticoyexergoeconmicodeestasconfiguracionesafindecalcular
elcostoconbaseexergticadelproductofinal.Fueincluidounsistemaderefrigeracinpor
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compresindevaporenlosresultados,comocomparacindeldesempeoconlossistemasde
refrigeracinporabsorcinanalizados.
PALABRASCLAVE:Sistemaderefrigeracinhbrido,chillerdeabsorcineyectocompresin,
anlisisexergoeconmico.

1.INTRODUCTION
Absorptionrefrigerationsystemshavehadincreasingimportanceinrecentyearsfromthe
energyandenvironmentalviewpoints.Comparedwithmechanicalchillers,absorptionchillers
havealowcoefficientofperformance(utilityproduceddividedbyenergyinput).However,
absorptionchillerscansubstantiallyreduceoperatingcostsbecausetheyarepoweredbylow
gradewasteheat,solar,orbiomassenergysources.Inaddition,absorptionrefrigerationuses
naturalsubstancessuchasworkingfluidswhichdonotcauseozonedepletionorglobal
warming.
Absorptionchillersuseheatinsteadofmechanicalenergytoprovidecooling.Athermal
compressorconsistsofanabsorber,agenerator,apump,andathrottlingdevice,and
replacesthemechanicalvaporcompressor.Inthechiller,refrigerantvaporfromthe
evaporatorisabsorbedbyasolutionmixtureintheabsorber.Thissolutionisthenpumped
intothegenerator.There,therefrigerantrevaporizesusingawastesteamheatsource.The
refrigerantdepletedsolutionthenreturnstotheabsorberviaathrottlingdevice.Thetwo
mostcommonrefrigerant/absorbentmixturesusedinabsorptionchillersareammonia/water
andwater/lithiumbromide.Employingthissolution,theuseofaCFCrefrigerantandthe
consequentenvironmentaldamagecanbeavoided.
Absorptionchillersaregenerallyclassifiedasdirectorindirectfired,andassingle,double,
ortripleeffect.Indirectfiredunits,theheatsourcecanbegasorsomeotherfuelthatis
burnedintheunit.Indirectfiredunitsusesteamorsomeothertransferfluidthatbringsin
heatfromaseparatesource,suchasaboilerorheatrecoveredfromanindustrialprocess.
Lowpressure,steamdrivenabsorptionchillersareavailableincapacitiesrangingfrom100to
1500TR.Absorptionchillerscomeintwocommerciallyavailabledesigns:singleeffectand
doubleeffect.Singleeffectmachinesprovideathermalcoefficientofperformance(COP)of
0.7andrequireabout8.2kgofsteamat2.0bar(abs)perTRofcooling.Doubleeffect
machinesareabout40%moreefficient,butrequireahighergradeofthermalinput,using
about4.5kgofsteamat6.910.3bar(abs)perTR[1].
Inshort,absorptioncoolingmayfitwhenasourceoffreeorlowcostheatisavailable,orif
objectionsexisttousingconventionalrefrigeration.Essentially,thelowcostheatsource
displaceshighercostelectricityinaconventionalchiller.
Themostcommonlyusedtooltoevaluatetherefrigerationsystemsisthefirstlawof
thermodynamics,howeveritcannotshowthatirreversibilityoccursduringtheenergy
conversionprocessthroughoutthecycle.Theexergymethod(thesecondlawanalysis)isan
alternative,basedontheconceptofexergy.Anexergybalanceappliedtoaprocessora
wholeplanttellushowmuchoftheusableworkpotential,orexergy,suppliedastheinputto
thesystemunderconsideration,hasbeenconsumedbytheprocess[2].Exergyanalysis
predictsthethermodynamicperformanceofanenergysystemandtheefficiencyofthe
systemcomponentsbyaccuratelyquantifyingtheentropygenerationofthecomponents[3].
Someofworksanalyzingabsorptionrefrigerationsystemsfoundattheliteratureusesecond
lawanalysissuchas,forexample,Misraetal.[4]whoapplythetheoryofexergeticcostto
optimizeaLiBr/H2Ovaporabsorptionrefrigerationsystemrunbypressurizedhotwaterfor
airconditioningapplications.Misraetal.[5]usethethermoeconomictheory(acombination
ofsecondlawanalysiswitheconomicconsiderations),applyingittotheeconomicoptimization
ofasingleeffectwater/LiBrvaporabsorptionrefrigerationsystemforairconditioning
application,aimedatminimizingitsoveralloperationandamortizationcost.Adewusiand
Zubair[6],usethesecondlawofthermodynamicstostudytheperformanceofsinglestage
andtwostageammoniawaterabsorptionrefrigerationsystemswhensomeinputdesign
parametersarevaried.
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Misraetal.[7]applythethermoeconomicconcepttotheoptimizationofadoubleeffect
H2O/LiBrvaporabsorptionrefrigerationsystem,aimedatminimizingitsoverallproductcost.
Asimplifiedcostminimizationmethodologybasedonthethermoeconomicconceptisapplied
tocalculatetheeconomiccostsofalltheinternalflowsandproductsofthesystemby
formulatingthermoeconomiccostbalances.Izquierdoetal.[8],makeanexergeticanalysisof
adoublestagethermalcompressorusingthelithiumbromidewatersolution.Thedouble
stagesystemconsideredallowsforonetoobtainevaporationtemperaturesequalto5C
usingsolarheatcomingfromflatplatecollectorsandotherlowgradethermalsources.The
resultsobtainedgivetheentropygenerated,theexergydestroyed,andtheexergetic
efficiencyofthedoublestagethermalcompressorasafunctionoftheabsorption
temperature.
Palaciosetal.[9]intendtoshowthatthechemicalexergyisanimportantportioninthe
calculationofthetotalexergyofthesolutionusedinabsorptionrefrigerationsystems,and
shouldbetakenintoaccountinexergybalances.GomriandHakimi[10]showanexergy
analysisofdoubleeffectlithiumbromide/waterabsorptionrefrigerationsystemandallexergy
lossesthatexistintheabsorptionsystemarecalculated.Palaciosetal.[11]carryouta
thermoeconomicanalysisofasingleanddoubleeffectLiBr/H2Oabsorptionrefrigeration
system.Gomri[12]presentsacomparativestudybetweensingleeffectanddoubleeffect
absorptionrefrigerationsystemwithidenticalcoldoutputusingthesecondlaw.
Inthisarticle,anexergoeconomiccomparisonofasingle,doubleeffectwater/lithiumbromide
systemandahybridabsorptionejectocompressionchiller,whichisdescribedindetailinthe
nextsection,iscarriedoutinordertocalculatetheexergybasedcostofexergytransferred
tochilledwater.

2.SYSTEMSDESCRIPTION
Initsmostsimpleconception,anabsorptionmachineconsistsofanevaporator,acondenser,
anabsorber,agenerator,andasolutionpump.Inanabsorptionchiller,thecompressionof
thesteamrefrigerantiseffectuatedbytheabsorber,bythesolutionpump,andbythe
generatorincombination,insteadofamechanicalsteamcompressor.
Figure1,showsasingleeffectwater/lithiumbromideabsorptionchillerDhringchart
schematic.

Figure1.Singleeffectwater/lithiumbromideabsorptionchillerDhringchartschematic.
Refrigerantandabsorbentinanabsorptioncycleformwhatisdesignatedascoupleofwork.
Manycoupleshavebeenproposedalongtheyears,butonlytwohavebeenwidelyused:
Ammoniatogetherwithwaterasanabsorbent,andwatertogetherwithanaqueoussolutionof
lithiumbromideasanabsorbent.Thecoupleammoniawaterisfoundinapplicationsof
refrigerationwithlowtemperatures(lowerthan0C).Thecouplewaterlithiumbromideis
verymuchusedinapplicationsforairconditioning,inwhichitisnotnecessarytocoolbelow
0C.
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SingleeffectLiBr/H2Oabsorptionchillersuselowpressuresteamorhotwaterastheheat
source.Thewaterisabletoevaporateandextractheatintheevaporatorbecausethesystem
isunderapartialvacuum.Thethermalefficiencyofsingleeffectabsorptionsystemsislow.
Mostnewsingleeffectmachinesareinstalledinapplicationswherewasteheatisreadily
available.Singleeffectchillerscanbeusedtoproducechilledwaterforairconditioningand
forcoolingprocesswater,andareavailableincapacitiesfrom7.5to1500tons.
2.1.Doubleeffectwaterandlithiumbromidetechnology
Oneofthelimitationsofsingleeffectabsorptioncyclesisthattheycannottakeadvantageof
thehigheravailabilityofhightemperatureheatsourcestoachieveahigherCOP.Thecooling
COPofasingleeffectwater/lithiumbromidemachineisaround0.7,essentiallyindependent
oftheheatinputtemperature[13].
Doubleeffectabsorptionchillersarecommonlyinstalledinlargecapacitycomfortcooling
applicationsthatarealsoservedbycentrifugalorscrewchillerssuchasofficebuildings,
hospitals,anduniversitiesaswellasmanufacturingfacilitiesandlightindustrialprocess
cooling.Theyarealsooftenusedinhybridplantapplications,whichinvolvebothelectricand
absorptionchillers,andareanidealchoicewhereelectricratesand/ordemandchargesare
high.Doubleeffectchillersusetwostagesoflithiumbromidesolutionreconcentrationversus
onestageforasingleeffectmachine,whichincreasesefficiencyandreducesenergy
consumptionaccordingly.
Figure2showsaparallelflowdoubleeffectwater/lithiumbromidechillerDhringchart
schematic.

Figure2.Parallelflowdoubleeffectwater/lithiumbromidechillerDhringchartschematic.
Heatistransferredintothecycleinboththehighergeneratorandtheevaporator.Heatis
transferredoutfromthecycleintheabsorberandlowcondenser.Thedoubleeffectcycle
includestwosolutionheatexchangersthathaveasimilarroleinthesolutioncircuitsthanfor
thesingleeffectcycle.Anewfeatureofthedoubleeffectistheinternalheatexchange
betweenthehighcondenserandthelowgenerator.Thisinternalheatexchangeisachievedin
practicebyincorporatingthesetwocomponentsintoasingletransferdevice.Onesideofthe
exchangeristhehighcondenserandtheothersideisthelowgenerator.
2.2.Hybridabsorptionejectocompressionchiller
TheabsorptionejectocompressionrefrigerationsystemwasproposedbyOliveraJr.[14].The
systemischaracterizedbyproducingchilledwaterinstipulatedconditions,andtohave
ejectorsbetweentheevaporatorandabsorber.Thefunctioningissimilartothesingleeffect
absorptionsystem,withavariationthatconsistsofusingejectorsbetweentheevaporatorand
absorber.Thenumberofejectorsdependsonthesteampressureelevationreleasedinthe
evaporator.Eachejectoroperateswithapressureratioofapproximately2.Theejector
exhaustisdischargedtotheabsorber,causingtheabsorberpressuretobeatalevelhigher
thanthatintheevaporator.Therefore,theconcentrationofsolutionwithintheabsorbercan
bekeptfromcrystallizationwhenthesystemisneededtooperatewithalowevaporator
temperatureorwithahighabsorbertemperature,suchasinthecaseofanaircooledunit.
Figure3showsawater/lithiumbromideabsorptionejectocompressionrefrigerationsystem.
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Configurationsofabsorptionrefrigerationsystemsusingejectorsaredescribedin[15].

Figure3.AbsorptionejectocompressionrefrigerationsystemDhringchartschematic.
Anejectorworksasfollows(Fig.4):therefrigerantvaporatlowpressureentersintothe
ejectoratpoint(1),anditisinhaledbythehighpressuresteamatpoint(B)whichproducesa
vacuumwhenitentersintheejectoratpoint(2)andgoesoutatpoint(A),soitliftsupthe
pressuretwotimesattheoutputoftheejector(point3).Thissteamattheexitofthefirst
ejectorisusedbyasecondejectortoliftitspressureuptotheabsorberpressure.Thesteam
thenisabsorbedbythestrongsolutioncomingfromthegenerator.Therefrigerantsteamflow
thatisnotvaporizedremainsinconcentratedsolutionthatissenttothegeneratorwherethe
watersteamisagainseparatedfromthesolutiontoflowuptothecondenserandtocontinue
thecycle.
Figure4showstheevolutionofthemotivesteamandthevaporinhaledthroughoutthe
ejector.

Figure4.Evolutionofmotivesteamandinhaledvaporthroughoutejector(OliveiraJr.,1991).
Toreducethemotivesteamconsumption,ineachejectorexitthereisamassflowdeviation
senttothenextejectortobecompressed.Thisflowisalwaysthesameasthatflowingfrom
theevaporator,sothemotivesteammassflowissentagaintotheboiler,oritisusedin
anotherprocess,ifthepressureconditionsallow.
2.3.CoolingSystem
Forallthesystemsdescribedabove,acoolingtowerisinstalledandcoolingstreamstothe
absorberandcondenserareconnectedinaseriesflowarrangement.Seriesflowpipingofthe
absorberandcondenserispreferredbyoperatorssinceasinglepumpcanbeutilizedand
controlproblemsinherentinaparalleldesignareavoided[13].Seriesflowarrangementcan
beoftwotypes:condenserfirstorabsorberfirst.Thesecondone,inwhichtheabsorberis
first,isthebetterofthetwoseriesdesignsasfarasavoidingcrystallization.
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Figure5showsacoolingsysteminstalledforeachabsorptionrefrigerationsystemdescribed
here.

Figure5.Coolingsystemforabsorptionrefrigerationsystems.

3.MODELINGANDSIMULATION
Theabsorptionrefrigerationsystemsdevelopedinthispaperareappliedtosatisfyidentical
refrigerationcapacityandcoldoutputrequirements,basedonacommercialmodel(Tab.1).
Table1.Systemrequirements

Forthepurposeofanalysisofabsorptionrefrigerationsystems,thefollowingassumptionsare
made:
Theanalysisismadeundersteadyconditions.
Therefrigerantattheoutletofthecondenserissaturatedliquid.
Therefrigerantattheoutletoftheevaporatorissaturatedvapor.
Theoutlettemperaturesfromtheabsorberandfromgeneratorscorrespondtoequilibrium
conditionsofthemixingandseparation,respectively.
Pressurelossesinthepipelinesandallheatexchangersarenegligible.
Heatexchangebetweenthesystemandsurroundings,otherthaninthatprescribedby
heattransferatthehighgenerator(doubleeffectabsorptionsystem),evaporator,
condenser,andabsorber,doesnotoccur.
Thereferenceenvironmentalstateforsystemsiswateratanenvironmenttemperature
(To)of25Cand1barpressure(Po).
Inahybridabsorptionejectocompressionchiller,andforenergybalanceinejectors,the
followingassumptionswereconsidered:
adiabaticflow
thekineticenergyindifferentpointsofejectorisnegligible
onedimensionalflow
steadystate
thethermodynamicstateofinhaledvapordoesnotchangewhengoingfrompoint1to
pointA(Fig.4).
thevaporpressureatthemixingregionofvapors(pointAtopointBofFig.4)isconstant
Thus,accordingwiththehypothesisassumedabove,andapplyingtheenergybalance,the
highpressuresteamflowenteringintotheejector(basedonFig.4),canbewrittenas:

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Thecalculusofenergyandexergyconsumedbytheejectorcanbecalculatedaccordingtothe
operatingcondition.Thus,consideringtheoutputsteamofeachstage,whichisnotusedby
theabsorptionsystem,butwhichcanbeusedbyanotherprocess,theexpressionsforspecific
energyandexergyare,respectively[14]:

Wherekisthenumberofejectorsandisdefinedas:

Thehybridabsorptionejectocompressionrefrigerationsystemwasmodeledwithtwo(2)
ejectorsconnectedinaseriesflowarrangementandusingapressureratioof1.8.
Theassumedparametersusedtosimulatetheabsorptionrefrigerationsystemsareshownin
Tab.2.
Table2.Assumedparametersusedtosimulatetheabsorptionrefrigerationsystem.

Inadditiontotheassumedparametersforthethreeabsorptionrefrigerationsystems,the
parametersshowninTab.3arealsoconsideredforthecoolingsystem,whichincludea
coolingtowerandacoolingwaterpump.
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Table3.Assumedparametersforcoolingsystem.

Fortheexergoeconomicanalysis,exergybasedcost(kJ/kJ)isusedanddefinedas:

Where isthecostrate, istheexergeticrate,andcexpressestheaveragecostsper

exergyunitofproductinconsideration(exergytransferredtochilledwaterinthiswork).
Thus,inordertocalculatetheexergybasedcostofexergytransferredtochilledwater,the
balanceofexergeticcostisappliedtoabsorptionrefrigerationsystems.Itis:

Forsystemsconsideredhere,thestandardchemicalexergyofwaterisusedtocalculatethe
chemicalexergyofwateranditsvalueistakenfrom[16].
ThemodelspresentedabovewereimplementedintheEngineeringEquationSolver(EES)
[17]andsimulatedconsideringasteadystateoperation.

4.RESULTS
Thecoefficientofperformanceandexergyefficienciesaredeterminedastheratioofthe
energy(orexergy)oftheproducttotheenergy(orexergy)oftheinput.Inordertocalculate
theCOPandtheexergyefficiencyofrefrigerationsystems,thepowerconsumedbythe
coolingwaterpumpandthecoolingtowerfanwereincluded.Avaporcompression
refrigerationsystemisincludedintheresults,inordertocomparewithabsorptionsystems.
Forevaluatingtheexergybasedcost(kJ/kJ)ofexergytransferredtochilledwater,the
exergybasedcostforsteamandelectricityequalto1kJ/kJisconsidered.
TheresultsobtainedfortheCOPandtheexergyefficiencyofanalyzedrefrigerationsystem
areshowninTab.4.
Table4.ResultsforCOPandexergyefficienciesforrefrigerationsystems,includingavapor
compression.

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AsTab.4shows,theCOPofsingleanddoubleeffectpresenttypicalvaluesforthesekindsof
systemsasfoundintheliteratureandincommercialmodelsfrequentlyusedintrigeneration
projects.HybridabsorptionejectocompressionsystempresentsabetterCOPandexergy
efficiencythanasingleeffectabsorptionrefrigerationsystem,showinganimprovementof
performancewiththeuseofejectorsbetweentheevaporatorandabsorberandwithoutthe
complexityofadoubleeffectabsorptionchiller,whichpresentsthehigherCOPandexergy
efficiencyamongtheabsorptionsystems.TheresultsoftheCOPandtheexergyefficiencyfor
thehybridabsorptionejectocompressionchillerareinfluencedbyhighpressureand
temperaturesteamenteringintotheejectors.Parameterschosenforsimulation(seeTab.2)
werethosethatproducedbetterresults.Thevaporcompressionrefrigerationsystempresents
thebestresults,asexpected,anditsexergyefficiencyisonlycomparablewithdoubleeffect
absorptionsystem.
Table5showsacomparisonoftheexergybasedcosts(kJ/kJ)ofexergytransferredtochilled
waterandsteamconsumption(kg/s),undermodellingparametersforthestudied
refrigerationsystems,includingavaporcompressionone.
Table5.Exergybasedcostsofexergytransferredtochilledwaterandsteamconsumption.

Theresultsfortheexergybasedcostofexergytransferredtochilledwatershowthatitis
higherinthesingleeffectchiller,asexpectedaccordingwiththeresultsoftheCOPand
exergyefficiencyofthesystem.Thelowestexergybasedcostamongtheabsorptionsystems
isforthedoubleeffectchiller,reflectingitshighestexergeticefficiency.Forthehybrid
absorptionejectocompressionchiller,theexergybasedcostofexergytransferredtochilled
waterislowerthanthesingleeffectabsorptionchillerinaccordancewithhigherexergy
efficiency.Incomparisonwiththevaporcompressionchiller,allabsorptionsystemshavea
higherexergybasedcostofexergytransferredtochilledwaterandthecostofthebasic
energyistheonlyfactorthatdeterminesthepossiblecompetitivenessoftheabsorption
systemsversusthoseofmechanicalcompression.
Steamconsumptionisalsoreflectedbytheexergyefficiencyofrefrigerationsystems.InTab.
5,highpressuresteamconsumptionforejectorsdoesnotappearduetothefactthatitisvery
small,0.02942kg/s,eachejectorwithasteamconsumptionof0.01399kg/s.Invapor
compressionrefrigerationsystems,thepowerconsumptionofthecompressoris78.32kW.
Ingeneralterms,theresultsforsingleanddoubleeffectabsorptionrefrigerationsystemsare
comparablewithotherworksreviewedintheintroductorypartofthisarticleusingdifferent
methodologiesorassumptionsinordertoobtaintheexergybasedcostoftheproduct.The
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resultsforthehybridabsorptionejectocompressionsystemsshowhowitispossibleto
improvetheperformanceofanabsorptionrefrigerationsystemwithrelativesimplicityby
meansofejectors.

5.CONCLUSIONS
Theperformanceofahybridabsorptionejectocompressionchillercomparedtoconventional
doubleandsingleeffectwater/lithiumbromidesystems,bymeansofanexergeticand
exergoeconomicanalysiswasmadeinthisarticle.Ahybridabsorptionejectocompression
systemusesejectorsbetweentheevaporatorandabsorber,causingtheabsorberpressureto
beatalevelhigherthanthatintheevaporator.Ithasanadvantagewhenthesystemis
neededtooperatewithalowevaporatortemperatureorwithahighabsorbertemperature,
suchasinthecaseofanaircooledunit.Theresultsshowthatahybridabsorptionejecto
compressionchillerisagoodalternativeforchilledwaterproductionbecausetheCOPand
exergeticefficiencyishigherthanasingleeffectabsorptionrefrigerationsystemandinspite
ofhavingalowerCOPandexergeticefficiencythatadoubleeffectabsorptionsystem,itdoes
nothavethesamecomplexitysincethehybridabsorptionejectocompressionchilleruses
ejectorsthathavesomeadvantageslike:thecyclehasnomovingparts(exceptasolution
pump),simplicityofoperation,reliability,andlowmaintenancecost.Fromanexergoeconomic
analysis,itisclearthatchillershavingonlyoneproductwillchargethiswithallthecosts
associatedwithitsformationprocess.Thus,resultsobtainedusingdifferentmethodologiesor
assumptionscouldbeverysimilar.
Itisclearthatthebestperformanceisdemonstratedbythevaporcompressionrefrigeration
system,butthecostofproducingthemechanicalworknecessarytoobtainakWof
refrigerationformechanicalcompressioncycleisnormallyhigherthanthecostnecessaryfor
recoveringtheheatquantitynecessarytoobtainthesamekWinanabsorptionrefrigeration
system.Ingeneralterms,absorptionchillersmaybeworthconsideringifasiterequires
coolingandasourceforfreeorlowcostheatisavailable,becauseofitslowCOPandexergy
efficiency.Theauthorsareespeciallyinterestedinstudyingtheserefrigerationsystemsas
partoftrigenerationsystemsresearch,whereacombinedheatandpowerunitcannotuseall
oftheavailableheatorifanewCHPisbeingconsidered.

6.REFERENCES
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