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eLTE2.

3 U2000
V200R014
Product Description
Issue

01

Date

2014-04-03

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2014. All rights reserved.


No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without
prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All other
trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective
holders.

Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the commercial contract made
between Huawei and the customer. All or partial products, services and features described in this
document may not be within the purchased scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise agreed by
the contract, all statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided AS
IS without warranties, guarantees or representations of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in
the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements,
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express or implied.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.


Address:

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Shenzhen 518129
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Website:

http://www.huawei.com

Email:

support@huawei.com

eLTE2.3 U2000
Product Description

Contents

Contents

1 Introduction.................................................................................1
1.1 Positioning.........................................................................................................................................................1
1.2 NEs Managed by the U2000..............................................................................................................................1
1.3 Benefits..............................................................................................................................................................1

2 Architecture.................................................................................3
2.1 Overview............................................................................................................................................................3
2.2 Hardware Structure............................................................................................................................................3
2.3 Software Structure.............................................................................................................................................4

3 Products and Application Scenarios...............................................5


3.1 Overview............................................................................................................................................................5
3.2 OM Solutions.....................................................................................................................................................5
3.3 Network Management........................................................................................................................................6

4 Configuration................................................................................ 8
5 Operation and Maintenance.........................................................10
5.1 Overview..........................................................................................................................................................10
5.2 O&M Features.................................................................................................................................................10

6 Technical Specifications...............................................................11
6.1 Overview..........................................................................................................................................................11
6.2 Management Capability...................................................................................................................................11
6.3 Reliability Specifications.................................................................................................................................12
6.4 Compliant Safety Standards.............................................................................................................................12
6.5 EMC Specifications.........................................................................................................................................13
6.6 Environmental Requirements...........................................................................................................................13
6.6.1 Storage Environment..............................................................................................................................13
6.6.2 Transportation Environment...................................................................................................................15
6.6.3 Operating Environment..........................................................................................................................18
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eLTE2.3 U2000
Product Description

1 Introduction

Introduction

1.1 Positioning
This document is applicable to iManager U2000 network management system V200R014.
The iManager U2000 centrally manages Huawei mobile network elements (NEs), including
LTE/EPC NEs, IP Clock Server. The U2000 provides basic functions, such as configuration
management, performance management, fault management, security management, log
management, topology management, software management, and system management. It also
provides various optional functions.
The U2000 provides centralized operation and maintenance (OM) functions for the Huawei
mobile element management solution. The U2000 adopts a modular design that allows the
modules to communicate with one another through the CORBA bus. In addition, the U2000
provides mediations for connecting various types of NEs.

1.2 NEs Managed by the U2000


LTE/EPC NEs
The U2000 manages the following LTE/EPC NEs:

eNodeB: DBS3900 LTE

Single-frame LTE core network (CN): eCNS600

IP clock server

Charge gateway: CG

1.3 Benefits
Open Structure Allowing for Smooth Evolution
The U2000 is a future-proof solution for managing mobile networks. It provides a centralized
network management platform for supporting users in their long-term network evolution and
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eLTE2.3 U2000
Product Description

1 Introduction

shielding the differences between various network technologies. The U2000 focuses on the
continuous efforts of users toward better network OM and retains the O&M experience of
previous network management systems.
The U2000 server software consists of the main version software and mediation software. The
main version software implements system functions, and the mediation software is used for
the adaptation of different NE interfaces. The U2000 can manage new NEs after the
corresponding mediation software is installed. The U2000 adopts an open structure so that it
can manage LTE radio network and core network devices. In addition, the U2000 can evolve
accordingly when the network evolves.

Reduce OPEX
The iSStar enhancement maintenance platform enables O&M engineers to customize the
service process by editing programs. With it, the U2000 can automatically handle O&M tasks
in batches.
In addition, the U2000 provides a series of featured functions, including network health
check, remote and batch upgrade of NEs, automatic base station planning, remote base station
commissioning, device panels, and maintenance-mode alarm setting.
These functions greatly facilitate operation and maintenance and therefore reduce the total
cost of operation (TCO)

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eLTE2.3 U2000
Product Description

Architecture

2.1 Overview
The U2000 system works in client/server (C/S) mode.
The U2000 software consists of the client software, server software, and NE mediation
software. The client software runs on the U2000 client, and the server software and mediation
software run on the U2000 server.
This chapter describes the hardware and software structures of the U2000 system.

2.2 Hardware Structure


Hardware Structure
The U2000 system typically consists of U2000 servers, U2000 clients, alarm boxes, and some
networking devices. Figure 2.2.1.I.1.1.1 shows the hardware structure of the U2000 singleserver system.
Figure 2.2.1.I.1.1.1 Hardware structure of the U2000 single-server system

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eLTE2.3 U2000
Product Description

2.3 Software Structure


As shown in Figure 2-2, the U2000 software is classified into the following types:

U2000 server software

U2000 client software

NE mediation software

NE mediation software varies according to the NE version. Through the adaptation of the NE
mediation software, the U2000 connects to the NE of the corresponding version.
Figure 2.3.1.I.1.1.1 Software structure of the U2000 system

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Products and Application


Scenarios

3.1 Overview
The U2000 provides various OM solutions for telecom operators to meet the requirements of
network deployment, network monitoring, network adjustment, and service management.
Telecom operators can select proper U2000 systems as required.

3.2 OM Solutions
Low-Cost Solution
The M2000 provides a low-cost solution, which uses the single-server system based on the
IBM platform to manage LTE/EPC network devices for operators. This solution meets users'
demands for routine network OM operations. In addition, it helps operators or users to reduce
their purchase costs. In the low-cost solution, the single-server system based on the IBM /
Huawei platform uses IBM/Huawei PC server and does not need disk arrays.

Comprehensive System Security Solution


Based on the features of the OM plane, the OSS security solution is designed to meet the
requirements on the following security layers:

Network security: Secure networking technologies, such as security domain division,


firewall, secure remote maintenance, and intrusion detection, to protect the OSS
network.

Platform security: Security measures, such as system hardening, security patching, and
antivirus protection, are implemented to promote the security level of the operating
system OS and therefore provide a secure and reliable platform for OSS service
applications.

Application security: Security policies, such as transmission security, user management,


session management, log management, and security alarm, are implemented to protect
the security of specific applications.

Network Time Synchronization Solution


The U2000 supports the Network Time Protocol (NTP)/Simple Network Time Protocol
(SNTP) to synchronize its time with NEs on the entire network.

The clock source and NTP server are provided by the telecom operator, and the U2000
server functions as the NTP client or intermediate NTP server. When functioning as an
intermediate NTP server, the U2000 can synchronize time with the upper-layer NTP
server and provide a clock source that managed NEs can synchronize with.

A dedicated clock server is provided, along with two NTP service channels working in
active/standby mode. The clock source server can be deployed as the top NTP server, or
as a intermediate NTP server.

3.3 Network Management


This section describes the main functions of the U2000 network management. For information
about more functions, see iManager U2000 V200R014 Feature List and Description. You can
contact Huawei technical support to obtain this document.
Figure 3.3.1.I.1.1.1 shows the U2000 network management functions.
Figure 3.3.1.I.1.1.1 U2000 client GUI (application style)

Table 3.3.1.I.1.1.1.1 describes the U2000 network management functions.


Table 3.3.1.I.1.1.1.1 U2000 network management functions
Categor
y

Function

Description

General

Topology
management

Users can use this function to construct and manage the


topology of the entire network, query the networking and
running status of NEs, and monitor the running status of the
entire network in real time.

Categor
y

CN service
managemen
t

Function

Description

Fault
management

Users can use this function to monitor, query, and collect


statistics of network alarms or events, and quickly detect,
locate, and rectify network or device faults.

Configuratio
n
management

Users can use this function to display NE configuration


information and monitor NE resource status.

Performance
management

Users can use this function to manage performance data and


effectively evaluate the operation network, ensuring the
network QoS.

Security
management

Users can use this function to control the U2000 operation


rights, and record the running status and operations of the
U2000, ensuring system security.

Software
management

Provides professional OM procedures to manage NE version


files and upgrade NE software and patches, and allows you to
query, upgrade, back up, or delete NE version software,
patches, configuration data, and licenses.

Trace
and
maintenance

Provides the inventory management, device panel, signaling


tracing, transmission management, and RF performance test
for network maintenance, helping you locate network
problems and rectify faults.

eCNS
Redundancy
management

Users can use this function to achieve data configuration,


monitoring, and maintenance for eCNS Redundancy networks.

Configuration

Enterprise wireless provides low-cost PC server to deploy U2000 system.


Table 4.1.1.I.1.1.1.1 describes a typical server configuration.
Table 4.1.1.I.1.1.1.1 Typical U2000 server configuration
Platfor
m

Networki
ng

Server
Type

CPU

Memo
ry

Hard
Disk

Operati
ng
System
and
Databas
e

IBM

Single-sever
system

IBM
M4

2x2.5 GHz

32GB

8x300
GB

Suse
LinuxSy
base

HUAWEI

Single-sever
system

RH5885H
V3

4x2.0 GHz

32 GB

8x300
GB

SUSE
Linux and
Sybase

x3650

IBM x3650 M4 servers running the U2000 V200R014 software are no longer delivered.
However, the U2000 V200R014 software can still be installed on servers meeting the
minimum hardware requirements in Table 4.1.1.I.1.1.1.2. Table 4.1.1.I.1.1.1.3 shows U2000
client minimum hardware requirements.
Table 4.1.1.I.1.1.1.2 U2000 server minimum hardware requirements
Server Model

CPU

Memo
ry

Hard Disk

IBM x3650 M4

2 x 2.5GHz

32GB

8 x 300 GB

RH5885H V3

4 x 2.0GHz

32GB

8 x 300 GB

Table 4.1.1.I.1.1.1.3 U2000 client minimum hardware requirements


Item

Configuration

CPU

E5300 or above

Memory

2 GB

Hard disk

160 GB

Accessories

DVDRW-Integrated Ethernet adapter-Integrated audio adapterBuilt-in sound box-19'' LCD

Operating system

The following operating systems are supported:

Application software

Windows XP (32-bit)

Windows 7 (32-bit) and (64-bit)

Windows 2003 Server (32-bit) and (64-bit)

Windows 2003 R2 Server (32-bit) and (64-bit)

Windows 2008 Server (64-bit)

Windows 2008 R2 Server (64-bit)

U2000 client application software

If the U2000 client runs on the Windows 7 Professional operating system, the 32-bit version of Internet
Explorer 8 must be used.

Operation and Maintenance

5.1 Overview
The U2000 provides a powerful and efficient OM functions, all of which significantly
improve OM efficiency.

5.2 O&M Features


Comprehensive System Security Solution

The U2000 provides comprehensive security hardening solutions for operating systems
and databases. These solutions meet the security requirements for operating systems and
databases.

The U2000 provides rights management, access control, and user monitoring functions
to ensure user security.

The U2000 provides transmission encryption to enhance the security of data


transmission between the U2000 client and server, between the U2000 server and NEs.

Comprehensive System Monitoring


Users can monitor the status of all U2000 services and the usage of system resources on each
server in real time. Users can set thresholds for the system status. When the service is
interrupted or the usage of system resources reaches the threshold, the system generates an
alarm and quickly notifies users.

Centralized Task Management


Based on the centralized task management function, the U2000 performs routine maintenance
tasks related to the system.
System-scheduled tasks include database capacity management tasks, data export tasks,
synchronization tasks, and U2000 backup tasks.
User-scheduled tasks include NE license backup, network-wide NE backup, MML script
execution, iSStar script execution, software download, remote service upgrade verification,
dual-homing management, configuration report generation.

Technical Specifications

6.1 Overview
This chapter describes the following system specifications:

Management capability

Reliability specifications

Compliant safety standards

EMC specifications

Environmental requirements

6.2 Management Capability


The management capability of the U2000 is calculated according to equivalent NEs, and the
NMS server is configured according to the number of equivalent NEs.
Table 6.2.1.I.1.1.1.1 describes the capability of the U2000.
The IBM/HUAWEI PC server uses the SUSE Linux10 operating system and Sybase15.5
database.
Table 6.2.1.I.1.1.1.1 NE management capability of the U2000 (except SLS system)
Hardware
Platform

Management Capability (Number of


Equivalent NEs)

2 CPU IBM x3650 M4

50

4 CPU RH5885H V3

80

The number of equivalent NEs is determined by the following factors:

Physical NE type and version: Different NE types and versions use different amounts of
U2000 resources. As a result, the number of equivalent NEs converted varies according
to the NE type.

Number of measurement counters: KPI or all counters can be set to measure an NE's
performance. In either scenario, the required amount of U2000 hardware resources is

different. Therefore, the number of measurement counters has an impact on the


equivalent NE conversion.

Performance statistical period: Each NE reports performance data to the U2000 at certain
intervals. Processing data reported every 60 minutes requires different amount of U2000
hardware resources from that reported every 15 minutes.

The number of equivalent NEs for the same type of NEs varies according to performance
measurement requirements of users. For details, see the table of calculating equivalent NEs in
iManager U2000 V200R014 Configuration Principles. You can contact Huawei technical
support to obtain this document. You can ask Huawei engineers to analyze and calculate the
number of equivalent NEs for the measurement unavailable in the table.

6.3 Reliability Specifications


The reliability of the U2000 system varies according to the server model and the hardware
configuration.
Table 6.3.1.I.1.1.1.1 Hardware reliability specifications (IBM PC server)
Server Configuration

MTBF (Hour)

Annual Mean Failure


Time (Hour)

Availability

IBM x3650 M4

114,509

0.49932

0.999943

Table 6.3.1.I.1.1.1.2 Hardware reliability specifications (HUAWEI PC server)


Server Configuration

MTBF (Hour)

Annual Mean Failure


Time (Hour)

Availability

4 CPU RH5885H V3

76299.6

0.1146667

0.9999869

6.4 Compliant Safety Standards


The U2000 complies with the following safety standards:

IEC 60950-1

IEC/EN41003

EN 60950-1

UL 60950-1

CSA C22.2 No 60950-1

AS/NZS 60950-1

BS EN 60950-1

IS 13252

GB4943

6.5 EMC Specifications


The U2000 complies with the following Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards:

CISPR22 Class A

EN55022 Class A

EN50024

ETSI EN 300 386 Serial Class A

ETSI EN 301 489 Class A

ICES 003 Class A

AS/NZS CISPR22 Class A

GB9254 Class A

VCCI Class A

CNS 13438 Class A

6.6 Environmental Requirements


Environmental requirements include the requirements for the storage, transportation, and
operation of the equipment.
The environmental requirements comply with the following standards:
ETS 300019 "Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental
tests for telecom equipment"
IEC 60721 "Classification of environmental conditions"

6.6.1 Storage Environment


This section describes the climatic, waterproof, biological, air purity, and mechanical stress
requirements for storing the equipment.

Climatic Requirements
Table 6.6.1.I.1.1.1.1 lists the climatic requirements for equipment storage.
Table 6.6.1.I.1.1.1.1 Climatic requirements for equipment storage
Item

Range

Temperature

-20C (-4 F) to +60C (140 F)

Relative humidity

8% to 93%

Altitude

5,000 m (16,404 ft.)

Atmospheric pressure

70 kPa to 106 kPa

Solar radiation

1,120 W/s

Heat radiation

600 W/s

Item

Range

Wind speed

30 m (98.42 ft.)/s

Waterproof Requirements
The equipment must be stored in a room where:

Water does not accumulate on the ground or fall on the package.

Water sources, such as a hydrant and air-conditioner, are placed at a distance.

If the equipment is placed outdoors, ensure that:

The package is intact.

Waterproof measures are taken to prevent water penetration.

Water does not accumulate on the ground or flow into the package.

The package is not exposed directly to sunlight.

Biological Requirements
Ensure that the place for equipment storage is free of:

Fungus or mildew

Rodents, such as rats

Air Purity Requirements


The air must be free of explosive, conductive, magnetic, conductive, or corrosive dust.
The density of physically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in Table
6.6.1.I.1.1.1.1.
Table 6.6.1.I.1.1.1.1 Storage requirements for physically active materials
Physically Active Material

Unit

Density

Suspended dust

mg/m

5.00

Falling dust

mg/mh

20.0

Sand

mg/m

300

Suspended dust: diameter 75 m


Falling dust: 75 m diameter 150 m
Sand: 150 m diameter 1 000 m

The density of chemically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in Table
6.6.1.I.1.1.1.2.

Table 6.6.1.I.1.1.1.2 Storage requirements for chemically active materials


Chemically Active Material

Unit

Density

SO2

mg/m

0.30

H2 S

mg/m

0.10

NO2

mg/m

0.50

NH3

mg/m

1.00

Cl2

mg/m

0.10

HCl

mg/m

0.10

HF

mg/m

0.01

O3

mg/m

0.05

Mechanical Stress Requirements


Table 6.6.1.I.1.1.1.1 lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during storage.
Table 6.6.1.I.1.1.1.1 Storage requirements regarding mechanical stress
Item

Subitem

Range

Sinusoidal vibration

Offset

7.0 mm (0.28
in.)

None

Accelerated speed

None

20.0 m (65.62
ft.)/s

Frequency range

2 Hz to 9 Hz

9 Hz to 200 Hz

Impact response spectrum


II

250 m (820.20 ft.)/s

Static payload

5 kPa

Unsteady impact

Impact response spectrum: refers to the maximum acceleration response curve generated by the
equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the duration of
semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.
Static payload: refers to the capability of the equipment to bear the pressure from the top when it is
packed in the normal pile-up method.

6.6.2 Transportation Environment


This section describes the climatic, waterproof, biological, air purity, and mechanical stress
requirements for transporting the equipment.

Climatic Requirements
Table 6.6.2.I.1.1.1.1 lists the climatic requirements for transporting the equipment.
Table 6.6.2.I.1.1.1.1 Climatic requirements for transporting the equipment
Item

Range

Temperature

-20C (-4 F) to +60C (140 F)

Humidity

8% to 93%

Altitude

5,000 m (16,404 ft.)

Atmospheric pressure

70 kPa to 106 kPa

Solar radiation

1,120 W/s

Heat radiation

600 W/s

Wind speed

30 m (98.42 ft.)/s

Waterproof Requirements
Before transporting the equipment, ensure that:

The package is intact.

Waterproof measures are taken to prevent water penetration.

There is no water in the vehicle.

Biological Requirements
Ensure that the vehicle is free of:

Fungus or mildew

Rodents, such as rats

Air Purity Requirements


The air must be free of explosive, conductive, magnetic, conductive, or corrosive dust.
The density of physically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in Table
6.6.2.I.1.1.1.1.
Table 6.6.2.I.1.1.1.1 Requirements for physically active materials in the transportation
environment
Physically Active Material

Unit

Density

Suspended dust

mg/m

No requirement

Falling dust

mg/mh

3.0

Sand

mg/m

100

Suspended dust: diameter 75 m


Falling dust: 75 m diameter 150 m
Sand: 150 m diameter 1,000 m

The density of chemically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in Table
6.6.2.I.1.1.1.2.
Table 6.6.2.I.1.1.1.2 Requirements for physically active materials in the transportation
environment
Chemically Active Material

Unit

Density

SO2

mg/m

0.30

H2 S

mg/m

0.10

NO2

mg/m

0.50

NH3

mg/m

1.00

Cl2

mg/m

0.10

HCl

mg/m

0.10

HF

mg/m

0.01

O3

mg/m

0.05

Mechanical Stress Requirements


Table 6.6.2.I.1.1.1.1 lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during
transportation.
Table 6.6.2.I.1.1.1.1 Transportation requirements regarding mechanical stress
Item

Subitem

Range

Sinusoidal
vibration

Offset

7.5 mm (0.30
in.)

N/A

--

Accelerated speed

N/A

20.0 m (65.62
ft.)/s

40.0 m (131.23
ft.)/s

Frequency range

2 Hz to 9 Hz

9 Hz to 200 Hz

200 Hz to 500 Hz

Spectrum density of accelerated


speed

10 m/s

3 m/s

1 m/s

Frequency range

2 Hz to 9 Hz

9 Hz to 200 Hz

200 Hz to 500 Hz

Impact response spectrum II

300 m (984.24 ft.)/s

Random
vibration

Unsteady

Item

Subitem

Range

impact

Static payload

10 kPa

Impact response spectrum: refers to the maximum acceleration response curve generated by the equipment under specified
impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the duration of semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.
Static payload: refers to the capability of the equipment to bear the pressure from the top when it is packed in the normal pile-up
method.

6.6.3 Operating Environment


This section describes the climatic, waterproof, biological, air purity, and mechanical stress
requirements for operating the equipment.

Climatic Requirements
Table 6.6.3.I.1.1.1.1 and Table 6.6.3.I.1.1.1.2 list the climatic requirements for operating the
equipment.
Table 6.6.3.I.1.1.1.1 Temperature and humidity requirements for operating the U2000
Temperature

Relative Humidity

5C (41 F) to 35C (95 F)

20% to 80%

The values are measured 1.5 meters above the floor and 0.4 meters in front of the equipment, without
protective panels in front of or behind the cabinet.
Safe operation refers to continuous operation for not more than 48 hours or operation of not more
than 15 days accumulated in a year.

Table 6.6.3.I.1.1.1.2 Other climatic requirements for the operation of the U2000
Item

Range

Altitude

4,000 m (13,123.20 ft.)

Atmospheric pressure

70 kPa to 106 kPa

Solar radiation

700 W/m

Heat radiation

600 W/m

Wind speed

1 m (3.28 ft.)/s

Biological Requirements
Ensure that the place for storing the equipment is free of:

Fungus or mildew

Rodents, such as rats

Air Purity Requirements


The air must be free of explosive, conductive, magnetic, conductive, or corrosive dust.
The density of physically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in Table
6.6.3.I.1.1.1.1.
Table 6.6.3.I.1.1.1.1 Operation requirements for physically active materials
Physically Active
Material

Unit

Density

Dust particles

Particles/m

3 x 104
(Ensure that the dust accumulated for
three days on the desktop is not
visible.)

Dust particles: diameter 5 m

The density of chemically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in Table
6.6.3.I.1.1.1.2.
Table 6.6.3.I.1.1.1.2 Operation requirements for chemically active materials
Chemically Active
Material

Unit

Density

SO2

mg/m

0.20

H2 S

mg/m

0.006

NH3

mg/m

0.05

Cl2

mg/m

0.01

Mechanical Stress Requirements


Table 6.6.3.I.1.1.1.1 lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during its
operation.
Table 6.6.3.I.1.1.1.1 Operation requirements regarding mechanical stress
Item

Subitem

Range

Sinusoidal

Offset

3.5 mm (0.14 in.)

N/A

Item

Subitem

Range

vibration

Accelerated speed

N/A

10.0 m (32.81
ft.)/s

Frequency range

2 Hz to 9 Hz

9 Hz to 200 Hz

Impact response
spectrum II

100 m (328.08 ft.)/s

Static payload

Unsteady
impact

Impact response spectrum: refers to the maximum acceleration response curve generated by the
equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the duration of
semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.
Static payload: refers to the capability of the equipment to bear the pressure from the top when it is
packed in the normal pile-up method.

eLTE2.3 U2000
Product Description

A Acronyms and Abbreviations

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Numerics
3GPP

3rd Generation Partnership Project

A
ATAE

Advanced Telecommunications Application Environment

C
CORBA

Common Object Request Broker Architecture

E
EMC

Electromagnetic Compatibility

ETS

European Telecommunication Standards

ETSI

European Telecommunications Standards Institute

I
IEC

International Electrotechnical Commission

L
LTE

Long Term Evolution

M
MML

Man-Machine Language

MTBF

Mean Time Between Failures

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eLTE2.3 U2000
Product Description

MTTR

A Acronyms and Abbreviations

Mean Time To Repair

N
NMS

Network Management System

NGN

Next Generation Network

NTP

Network Time Protocol

O
OPEX

Operation Expenditure

P
PC

Personal Computer

R
RTN

Radio Transmission Node

S
SLS

Multi-Server Load-Sharing

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

STP

Signaling Transfer Point

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Ltd.

22

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