Kulun Geotech PDF

GARU BRIDGE SITE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT GARU ............. 1
1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Fieldwork ..................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Percussion Drilling (Soft Boring) in Soft Ground .......................................... 1
2.0
Subsurface Conditions .............................................................................. 2
2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 2

2.2 Surficial Soil Profile ..................................................................................... 2
2.3 Country Rock .............................................................................................. 3
2.4 Groundwater Conditions ............................................................................. 3
3.0
ESTIMATION OF FOUNDATION PARAMETERS ...................................... 4
3.1 Allowable Bearing Capacity Estimation for footings on Granular ................ 4

4.0
Foundation Depth and Type ...................................................................... 4
APPENDIX A LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT GARU ......................... 5

APPENDIX B RESULTS OF ALLOWABLE BEARING CAPACTY ..................... 8
APPENDIX C SITE PHOTOGRAPHS ................................................................ 10
Geotechnical Report
Page i
1.0
FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT GARU
1.1
Introduction
Foundation investigation has been carried out at proposed River site found in the
Upper East Region.
The River crossing was located at Garu.
1.2
Fieldwork
The fieldwork was carried out between 23rd January and 25th January,
2010. To facilitate the attainment of the requirement of the fieldwork, and also
ensure compliance with the requirements of soil sample recovery and
performance of specified field tests such as standard penetration tests and
recovery of undisturbed clayey/compressible soils, a 1-ton mobile cable
percussion boring rig was used to undertake subsoil investigation.
1.3
Percussion Drilling (Soft Boring) in Soft Ground
Percussion drilling in soft ground involved the drilling of two (2No.) boreholes at
Garu. One borehole was drilled at each approach.
The various depths attained in soft ground and decomposed rock are shown in
Table 1 of Appendix A. Sampling and in-situ testing were carried out in the
boreholes in accordance with project specifications.
All boreholes in soft ground were deemed to have attained refusal when a total
of 50 blows have been applied during any one of the three 0.15m (6-ins)
sampler advancement during SPT. The final depths of the boreholes ranged
from 9.6m in BH 1 to 10.0m in BH 2. . Duration for chiseling in each borehole
averaged two (2) hours.
Geotechnical Report
Page 1
Table 1: Drilling Depths

Garu
Depth in Soft
Ground
Borehole
(Percussion
Drilling)
Depth in Rock
(Chiselling with
California Hammer)
Total
Depth
B1
8.6m
1.0m
9.6m
B2
9.6m
0.4m
10.0m
2.0
Subsurface Conditions
2.1
Introduction
This section present the results of the field activities and samples recovered as
part of the investigations.
2.2
Surficial Soil Profile
The boreholes sunk at the site revealed the following ground
conditions;
Table 2: Stratigraphy of Site
Garu
Stratum
Thickness
Soft, moist greyish/ brown silty 1.0m 3.0m
Average SPT N
11
sandy CLAY
Very loose, moist, greyish/ brown 3.0m 8.6m
15
clayey silty SAND

Very dense moist greyish/dark 8.6m 10.0m
brown
silty
sandy
refusal
GRAVEL
(Weathered Granite)
Geotechnical Report
Page 2
Surficial soils were mainly sand with a heterogeneous mixture of loose to

medium, occasionally yellowish/dark/brown/grey silty sand with clay and very
dense sandy gravel.
Logs of borehole are presented in Appendix A.
2.3
Country Rock
Bedrock of weathered Granite belonging to the Middle Precambrian granitic
rocks, with minor belts of Birrimian rocks was encountered in all locations
drilled. It was chiselled at all borehole locations. The geological map indicates
that granite was to be expected along the project corridor. At Garu the material
actually chiseled is greyish, dark brown weathered rock.
2.4
Groundwater Conditions
Groundwater was encountered in all boreholes drilled at the site and it occurred
at depths range of between 2.7m in BH1 and 1.7m in BH2.
At the project corridor, the major rainy season occurs from mid August to
October. Groundwater levels are normally expected to peak at mid September
to mid October and be at lowest in mid December to mid April. Seasonal
fluctuation in groundwater level is dependent on several factors notable are;
geology, rainfall amount, topography, catchment area size, groundwater
abstraction and recharge rates, surface drainage and land-use characteristics.
Geotechnical Report
Page 3
3.0
ESTIMATION OF FOUNDATION PARAMETERS
3.1
Allowable Bearing Capacity Estimation for footings on Granular

Soils/Weathered Rock
The results obtained for N may be used to estimate bearing capacity for
granular soils of weathered granite formations. This is done in conjunction with
estimated width (B) of footing, and this is read off in the relationship established
by Terzargi and Peck curve for soils, ultimate bearing pressure in kN/m
Qult
2
N
B 0.3
B
0.08
The detailed results of allowable bearing capacity have been given in Table 3
of Appendix A.
4.0
Foundation Depth and Type
At the Garu bridge site, a foundation depth range of between 8.6m 10.0m
should be adopted, this depth will be mainly in the competent weathered
rock horizon.
It is therefore recommended that a design bearing capacity of 500
750KN/m2 be used and footings placed at least between 8.6.0m 9.6m. At
that footing depth, either piles or caissons is to be used.
Geotechnical Report
Page 4
APPENDIX A
LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT GARU
Geotechnical Report
Page 5
BOREHOLE LOG
PROJECT:
GARU
LOCATION:
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
9
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
(%)
ds1
ds2
(%) (%) (%)
Shear
Test
Cu (kN/m2)
Type
Consistency
Limits
nmc LL PI DFS
Fines %
Level*
(m)
In-situ
Test
N-value
Soil/Rock Description
Sand %
Sample
Gravel (%)
Symbol
Soil Profile
OD
48
52
30
94
10
90
17
82
89
10
87
13
34
17
56
Chemical
Tests
pH Value
LOGGED BY: Ebenezer
Cl- (mgl-1)
DATE : 23rd January , 2010
Borehole No.: 1
SO42- (mgl-1)
BORING METHOD: Percussion Drilling
Soft moist greyish brown Sandy SILT
spt1
- Ground water
N=8
59
26
spt2
N=11
56
24
spt3
N=17
32
15
N=5
17
Very Loose Moist Reddish Brown SAND

With Gravel ( Alluvial Deposit )
spt4
non- plastic
spt5
N=4
spt6
N=5
spt7
N=17
19
85
N=>50
31
12
85
non- plastic
93
Soft moist greyish / dark brown

silty CLAY with sand
spt8

CPT
Very dense SAND

End of borehole
LEGEND
ds - disturbed sample
ud - undisturbed sample
spt - Standard Penetration Test Sample
CPT - Cone Penetration Test
N-value
nmc - natural moisture content

LL - Liquid Limit
PI - Plasticity Index
DFS - Differential Free Swell
- Ground water
Cu - Cohesion
- Coefficient of shear resistance
2SO4 - Sulphate Content
Cl - Chloride Content
Note
Hole chisseled for 2hours advancing 0.6m
Cone Test Performed at 9.3m. There was no penetration after 70 blows.
Geotechnical Report
Page 6
BOREHOLE LOG
PROJECT:
GARU
LOCATION:
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
9
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
9.9
10
(%)
(%) (%) (%)
Shear
Test
Cu (kN/m2)
Type
Consistency
Limits
nmc LL PI DFS
Fines %
Level*
(m)
In-situ
Test
N-value
Sand %
Sample
Gravel (%)
Symbol
Soil Profile
OD
Chemical
Tests
pH Value
LOGGED BY: Ebenezer
Cl- (mgl-1)
DATE : 23rd January , 2010
Borehole No.: 2
SO42- (mgl-1)
Soft moist dark brown dark grey clayey

SILT
ds1
spt1
Soft moist yellowish brown , grey

sandy CLAY
spt2
spt3
42
16
39
61
- Ground water
N=11
37
21
34
66
N=5
21
88
44
56
N=3
non-plastic
Very loose wet brown coarse grained
SAND with silt
spt4
N=5
spt5
N=5
spt6
N=12
non-plastic
94
non-plastic
87
50
47
88
10
56
42
95
34
15
Soft wet greyish sandy SILT with clay
spt7
25
12
35
19
27
13
N=13
spt8
Soft to firm greyish / yellowish brown

clayey SILT
N=52
ds2
Very dense moist dark brown coarse
grained SAND with some gravel

spt9
N=52
End of borehole
CPT
N=>67
LEGEND
N-value

LL - Liquid Limit
- Ground water
Cu - Cohesion
Note
Cone test performed at 10m. Penetration after 67 blows was 0.05m
Geotechnical Report
Page 7
APPENDIX B
RESULTS OF ALLOWABLE BEARING CAPACTY
Geotechnical Report
Page 8
Table 3:
Summary of Foundation Details at Borehole Locations

Garu
Location
BH 1
Foundation Soil
Very dense, moist, greyish micacious silty
Soil Thickness
Proposed Foundation
Allowable Bearing
Net Safe Bearing
Depth
Pressure
Pressure
9.6m
8.6m
1056kN/m
352 KN/m
10.0m
8.6m
1056kN/m
352 KN/m
GRAVEL (Weathered Granite)

BH2
Very dense, moist dark brown coarse grained

SAND with some gravel.
Assuming a factor of safety of 3
Geotechnical Report
Page 9
APPENDIX C
SITE PHOTOGRAPHS
Geotechnical Report
Page 10
Photograph of the Existing Bridge at Garu
Photograph of Drilling Rig being towed to Site
Geotechnical Report
Page 11
Drilling at Borehole 1
Geotechnical Report
Page 12
DONINGA BRIDGE SITE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT DONINGA ....... 1
1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Fieldwork ..................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Percussion Drilling (Soft Boring) in Soft Ground ......................................... 1
2.0
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS ..................................................................... 2
2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 2

2.3 Country Rock .............................................................................................. 3
2.4
3.0
Groundwater Conditions ............................................................................ 3


4.0
FOUNDATION DEPTH AND TYPE ............................................................. 4
APPENDIX A LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT DONINGA ................... 5

Geotechnical Report
Page i
1.0
FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT DONINGA
1.1
Introduction
Upper West Region.
The River crossing was located at Doninga.
1.2
Fieldwork
The fieldwork was carried out between 5th and 6th February, 2010.
To facilitate the attainment of the requirement of the fieldwork, and also
1.3
Doninga. One borehole was drilled at each approach.
Table 1. Sampling and in-situ testing were carried out in the boreholes in
accordance with project specifications.
from 5.7m in BH 1 to 7.1m in BH 2. . Duration for chiseling in each borehole
averaged three (3) hours.
Geotechnical Report
Page 1

Doninga
Borehole
Depth in Soft
Depth in Rock
Total
Ground
(Chiselling with
Depth
(Percussion
California Hammer)
Drilling)
2.0
B1
5.3m
0.4m
5.7m
B2
6.8m
0.3
7.1m
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
2.1
Introduction
2.2
The boreholes sunk at the site revealed the following ground conditions;
Doninga
Stratum
Soft moist dark brown sandy
Thickness
$YHUDJH6371
0.4m 2.3
2.3m 5.3m
14
5.3m 7.1m
refusal
SILT
Loose wet grey coarse grained
silty SAND with gravel
Very dense, moist greyish
GRANITE with sand and gravel
(weather Rock)
Geotechnical Report
Page 2
Surficial soils were mainly sand with a heterogeneous mixture of dense,

occasionally greyish/yellowish/brown dense silty gravel.
Logs and Location of borehole are presented in Appendix A.
2.3
Country Rock
that granite was to be expected along the project corridor. At Doninga the
material actually chiseled is greyish sand with fined grained gravel (weathered
rock).
2.4
at depths range of between 1.6m in BH1 and 3.7m in BH2.
Geotechnical Report
Page 3
3.0
3.1
The UHVXOWVREWDLQHGIRU1PD\EHXVHGWRHVWLPDWHEHDULQJFDSDFLW\IRU
Qu lt
N
0.08
>
0.3
The detailed results of allowable bearing capacity are presented in Table 3

of Appendix B.
4.0
FOUNDATION DEPTH AND TYPE
At the Doninga bridge site a foundation depth of 5.5m should be adopted. This
will mainly be in the competent weathered rock horizon.

750KN/m2 be used and footings placed at 5.5m. At that footing depth,
either piles or caissons is to be used.
Geotechnical Report
Page 4
APPENDIX A
LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT DONINGA
Geotechnical Report
Page 5
BOREHOLE LOG
PROJECT:
Doninga
LOCATION:
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
N-value
(%)
(%) (%) (%)
Cu (kN/m2)
Type
Shear
Test
Fines %
Sample
Consistency
Limits
nmc LL PI DFS
Sand %
OD
Level*
(m)
In-situ
Test
Gravel (%)
Symbol
Soil Profile
Chemical
Tests
pH Value
LOGGED BY: Ebenezer
Cl- (mgl-1)
DATE : 05th February, 2010
Borehole No.: 1
SO42- (mgl-1)
Loose To Medium Dense Reddish Brown

Silty SAND
ds1
20
spt1
13
Non Plastic
N=5
41
58
96
*URXQGZDWHU
spt2
spt3
Loose Wet Grey Coarse Grained

SAND With Silty Gravel
spt4
spt5
Very Dense Greyish GRANITE

N=5
Non Plastic
88
N=6
Non Plastic
93
N=4
Non Plastic
88
N=>53
End of borehole
LEGEND
N-value

LL - Liquid Limit
*URXQGZDWHU
Cu - Cohesion
Cl- - Chloride Content
Note
Cone test performed at 5.3m. Penetration after 57 blows was 0.05m
Geotechnical Report
Page 6
pH Value
(%) (%) (%)
Cl- (mgl-1)
(%)
Chemical
Tests
SO42- (mgl-1)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7
7.1
N-value
Cu (kN/m2)
Type
Shear
Test
Fines %
Sample
Consistency
Limits
nmc LL PI DFS
Sand %
OD
Level*
(m)
In-situ
Test
Gravel (%)
Symbol
Soil Profile
Soft moist Reddish Brown GRAVEL

Mixed With Concrete
ds1
26
13
13
43
56
Soft Moist Dark Brownish Grey

SILT With Clay
spt1
N=6
24
13
11
50
48
spt2
N=8
33
15
18
32
68
N=9
Non Plastic
81
18
Loose Moist Yellowish Brown / Grey

Silty SAND
spt3
*URXQGZDWHU
ds2
spt4
spt5
Dense To Very Dense, Moist Greyish /

Yellowish Brown Clayey SAND
spt6
28
13
77
17
N=13
47
16
31
70
28
N=60
55
19
25
19
47
34
95
N=>53
Very Dense Moist Light Green / Greyish
SAND With Gravel ( Weathered Rock)
Non Plastic
CPT
End of borehole
LEGEND
Cu - Cohesion
LL - Liquid Limit
SO4 - Sulphate Content
N-value
2-
*URXQGZDWHU
Note
Cone test performed at 7.1m. There was no penetration after 50 blows
Geotechnical Report
Page 7
Geotechnical Report
Page 8
APPENDIX B
Geotechnical Report
Page 9
Table 3:

Doninga
Location
BH 1
Foundation Soil
Soft moist greyish / dark brown silty
Soil Thickness
Proposed Foundation
Allowable Bearing
Net Safe Bearing
Depth
Pressure
Pressure
5.7m
5.5m
1267kN/m
422 KN/m
7.1m
5.5m
1119KN/m
373KN/m
CLAY with sand

BH2

Geotechnical Report
Page 10
APPENDIX C
SITE PHOTOGRAPHS
Geotechnical Report
Page 11
Photographs of the Existing Bridge at Doninga
Geotechnical Report
Page 12
SISSILI BRIDGE SITE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
Foundation Investigations for the Bridge at Sisili................................... 1
1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Fieldwork ..................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Percussion Drilling (Soft Boring) in Soft Ground .......................................... 1
2.0
Subsurface Conditions .............................................................................. 2
2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 2

2.3 Country Rock .............................................................................................. 3
3.0
3.1
Allowable Bearing Capacity Estimation for footings on Granular ................. 4
4.0
FOUNDATION DEPTH AND TYPE ............................................................. 4
APPENDIX A LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT SISSILI ....................... 5

APPENDIX B RESULTS OF ALLOWABLE BEARING CAPACTY ................... 10
Geotechnical Report
Page i
1.0
FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT SISILI
1.1
Introduction
Upper West Region.
The River crossing was located at Sisili.
1.2
Fieldwork
The fieldwork was carried out between 30th January and 3rd February,
2010. To facilitate the attainment of the requirement of the fieldwork, and also
1.3
Percussion drilling in soft ground involved the drilling of three (3No.) boreholes
at Sisili. On each approach as well as the middle of the span a borehole was
drilled.
from 9.1m in BH 1 to 7.5m in BH 2 and 8.5m in BH3. Duration for chiseling in
each borehole averaged two and half (2) hours.
Geotechnical Report
Page 1

Sisili
Depth in Soft
Depth in Rock
Ground
Borehole
(Chiselling with
(Percussion
California Hammer)
Drilling)
Total
Depth
B1
8.7m
0.4m
9.1m
B2
7.0m
0.5m
7.5m
B3
8.0m
0.5m
8.5m
2.0
2.1
Introduction
2.2
Sisili
Stratum
Thickness
Very
loose
moist 2.3m 7.0m
$YHUDJH6371
13
reddish/yellowish brown SAND

with gravel (Aluvial Deposit)
Dense
moist
reddish
sandy GRAVEL with
brown 7.0m 8.7m
45
greyish/
dark brown silty clay

Very dense, moist grayish sand 8.7m 9.1m
with
fine
grained
refusal
GRAVEL
(Weathered Granite)
Geotechnical Report
Page 2

occasionally greyish/yellowish/brown dense sandy gravel.
Logs and Locations of borehole are presented in Appendix A.
2.3
Country Rock
that granite was to be expected along the project corridor. At Sisili the material
actually chiseled is greyish sand with fined grained gravel (weathered rock).
2.4
at depths range of between 2.6m in BH1, 1.7m in BH2 and 2.6m in BH3.
Geotechnical Report
Page 3
3.0
3.1

7KH UHVXOWV REWDLQHG IRU 1 PD\ EH XVHd to estimate bearing capacity for
Qult
N >B 0.3 @2
B
0.08
The detailed results of allowable bearing capacity are presented in Table 3 of

Appendix B.
4.0
At the Sisili bridge site, a foundation depth range of between 6.9m 8.7m
should be adopted, this depth will be mainly in the competent weathered
rock horizon.

750KN/m2 be used and footings placed at least between 6.9m 8.7m. At
that footing depth, either piles or caissons is to be used.
Geotechnical Report
Page 4
APPENDIX A
LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT SISSILI
Geotechnical Report
Page 5
BOREHOLE LOG
PROJECT:
Sisili
LOCATION:
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
9
9.1
N-value
(%)
ds1
(%) (%) (%)
Cu (kN/m2)
Type
Shear
Test
Fines %
Sample
Consistency
Limits
nmc LL PI DFS
Sand %
OD
Level*
(m)
In-situ
Test
Gravel (%)
Symbol
Soil Profile
30
18
21
79
28
16
35
64
88
Chemical
Tests
pH Value
LOGGED BY: Ebenezer
Cl- (mgl-1)
DATE : 30th January , 2010
Borehole No.: 1
SO42- (mgl-1)
Soft moist greyish brown Sandy SILT
spt1
N=4
spt2
N=5
NON-PLASTIC
*URXQGZDWHU
spt3
N=3
NON-PLASTIC
95
spt4
N=8
NON-PLASTIC
14
82
spt5
N=10
NON-PLASTIC
12
85
spt6
N=20
10
82
41
52
52
43
10
90
Very Loose Moist Reddish Brown SAND

spt7
N=31
20
13
NON-PLASTIC

spt8
N=>60
33
19
Refusal
59
26

End of borehole
LEGEND
N-value

LL - Liquid Limit
*URXQGZDWHU
Cu - Cohesion
Note
Geotechnical Report
Page 6
BOREHOLE LOG
PROJECT:
Sisili
LOCATION:
DATE : 03rd February , 2010

LOGGED BY: Ebenezer
(%) (%) (%)
pH Value
(%)
Chemical
Tests
Cl- (mgl-1)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
N-value
Cu (kN/m2)
Type
Shear
Test
Fines %
Sample
Consistency
Limits
nmc LL PI DFS
Sand %
OD
Level*
(m)
In-situ
Test
Gravel (%)
Symbol
Soil Profile
SO42- (mgl-1)
Borehole No.: 2
*URXQGZDWHU
spt1
N=4
NON-PLASTIC
92
spt2
N=7
NON-PLASTIC
86
spt2
N=14
17
89
10
N=>53
27
11
50
50
33
63
87
Very Loose , Yellowish Brown SAND With

Some Gravel
spt2
Soft moist greyish Sandy SILT
Medium Dense To Dense Moist Reddish

Brown Sandy GRAVEL
spt2
( Weathered Rock )
Refusal
NON-PLASTIC
End of borehole
LEGEND
N-value

LL - Liquid Limit
*URXQGZDWHU
Cu - Cohesion
SO42- - Sulphate Content
Note
Geotechnical Report
Page 7
BOREHOLE LOG
PROJECT:
Sisili
LOCATION:
DATE : 2th February , 2010

LOGGED BY: Ebenezer
ds1
(%) (%) (%)
30
18
21
79
28
16
95
pH Value
(%)
Chemical
Tests
Cl- (mgl-1)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
N-value
Cu (kN/m2)
Type
Shear
Test
Fines %
Sample
Consistency
Limits
nmc LL PI DFS
Sand %
OD
Level*
(m)
In-situ
Test
Gravel (%)
Symbol
Soil Profile
SO42- (mgl-1)
Borehole No.: 3
Loose Moist Dark Grey / Reddish Brown

Silty SAND
spt1
N=2
*URXQGZDWHU
spt2
N=6
NON-PLASTIC
88
spt3
N=5
NON-PLASTIC
97
spt4
N=4
NON-PLASTIC
98
spt5
N=5
NON-PLASTIC
87
15
80
92
52
43
Very Loose Moist Greyish SAND

With Silt And Gravel
Very Dense Yellowish Brown SAND With

With Gravel And Clay
spt6
N=7
spt7
N=>50
33
18
15
NON-PLASTIC
Very Dense Yellowish Brown Silty SAND

With Gravel ( Weathered Rock )
spt8
End of borehole
Refusal
33
19
LEGEND
N-value

LL - Liquid Limit
*URXQGZDWHU
Cu - Cohesion
Note
Geotechnical Report
Page 8
Geotechnical Report
Page 9
APPENDIX B
Geotechnical Report
Page 10
Table 3:

Sisili
Location
BH 1
Foundation Soil
Soft moist greyish / dark brown silty
Soil Thickness
Proposed Foundation
Allowable Bearing
Net Safe Bearing
Depth
Pressure
Pressure
9.1m
8.5m
1056kN/m
352 KN/m
7.5m
7.0m
1119KN/m
373KN/m
8.5m
8.0m
1056kN/m
352KN/m
CLAY with sand

BH2

BH3
Very dense, yellowish brown silty SAND

(Weathered Rock)
Geotechnical Report
Page 11
APPENDIX C
SITE PHOTOGRAPHS
Geotechnical Report
Page 12
Geotechnical Report
Page 13
AMBALARA BRIDGE SITE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
1.1
FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT AMBALARA ... 1

Introduction ................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Fieldwork ..................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Percussion Drilling (Soft Boring) in Soft Ground ......................................... 1
2.0
2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 2

2.3
Country Rock ............................................................................................. 3

3.0

4.0
FOUNDATION DEPTH AND TYPE ............................................................ 4
APPENDIX A LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT AMBALARA ............... 5

Geotechnical Report
Page i
1.0
FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT AMBALARA
1.1
Introduction
Upper West Region.
The River crossing was located at Ambalara.
1.2
Fieldwork
1.3
Ambalara. One borehole was drilled at each approach.
from 6.8m in BH 1 to 4.0 in BH 2. Duration for chiseling in each borehole
averaged one and half hours.
Geotechnical Report
Page 1

Ambalara
Depth in Soft
Borehole
Depth in Rock
Ground
(Chiselling with
(Percussion
California Hammer)
Drilling)
Total
Depth
B1
6.7m
0.1m
6.8m
B2
4.0m
0.0m
4.0m
2.0
2.1
Introduction
2.2
Ambalara
Stratum
Thickness
Soft moist dark brown sandy 0.4m 2.1
$YHUDJH6371
5
SILT
Loose wet grey coarse grained 2.1m 4.1m
14
silty SAND with gravel

Medium dense to very dense 4.1m 6.8m
silty
SAND
with
40
gravel
(weathered rock)
Geotechnical Report
Page 2

2.3
Country Rock
that granite was to be expected along the project corridor. At Ambalara the
material actually chiseled is greyish brown silty SAND with ravel (weathered
rock).
2.4
Groundwater was encountered at a depth of between 1.7m n BH1.
Within the project area, the major rainy season occurs from mid August to
Geotechnical Report
Page 3
3.0
3.1
The UHVXOWV REWDLQHG IRU 1 PD\ EH XVHG WR HVWLPDWH EHDULQJ FDSDFLW\ IRU
Qult
N >B 0.3 @2
B
0.08

of Appendix B.
4.0
At the Ambalara bridge site a foundation depth of 6.0m should be adopted. This
will mainly be in the competent weathered rock horizon.

Geotechnical Report
Page 4
APPENDIX A
LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT AMBALARA
Geotechnical Report
Page 5
BOREHOLE LOG
PROJECT:
Ambralara
LOCATION:

LOGGED BY: Ebenezer
ds1
(%) (%) (%)
pH Value
(%)
Cl- (mgl-1)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
N-value
Chemical
Tests
SO42- (mgl-1)
Type
Shear
Test
Fines %
Sample
Consistency
Limits
nmc LL PI DFS
Sand %
OD
Level*
(m)
In-situ
Test
Gravel (%)
Symbol
Soil Profile
Cu (kN/m2)
Borehole No.: 1
Dense reddish brown GRAVEL
Loose moist light brown fine-grained

SAND
spt1
N=5
5.7 Non-plastic
89
11
*URXQGZDWHU
spt2
N=6
10.2
30
11
11
71
18
16.1
39
22
75
23
16.7
39
21
73
25
Very loose to loose wet light grey/light

brown SAND with gravel
spt3
N=2
spt4
N=35
Medium dense to dense moist light green

grayish brown silty SAND with gravel
and mica (weathered Rock)
spt5
N=41
spt6
N>50
End of borehole
LEGEND
N-value

LL - Liquid Limit
*URXQGZDWHU
Cu - Cohesion
Note
Hole chisseled for 1.5hours. There was no pentration of 0.1m
Geotechnical Report
Page 6
BOREHOLE LOG
PROJECT:
Ambralara
LOCATION:

LOGGED BY: Ebenezer
ds1
Dense moist reddish brown GRAVEL
(%) (%) (%)
1.2
22
52
41
N=34
10.3
39
20
62
30
N=47
6.8
30
14
74
25
10.7 Non-plastic
74
25
pH Value
(%)
Chemical
Tests
Cl- (mgl-1)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
N-value
Cu (kN/m2)
Type
Shear
Test
Fines %
Sample
Consistency
Limits
nmc LL PI DFS
Sand %
OD
Level*
(m)
In-situ
Test
Gravel (%)
Symbol
Soil Profile
SO42- (mgl-1)
Borehole No.: 2
Medium dense moist greyish/dark grey

light green silty SAND
(decomposed ROCK)
spt1
spt2
Very dense dry greyish brown/dark grey slity
silty SAND with traces of broken quartz
particles (Weathered Rock)
spt3
N>50
End of borehole
LEGEND
N-value

LL - Liquid Limit
*URXQGZDWHU
Cu - Cohesion
Note
Hole chisseled for 1.5hours. There was no pentration
Geotechnical Report
Page 7
AMBALARA
BRIDGE BOREHOLE LOCATION

14-02-10
Kulun
AB3
AB4
24.20m
15.60m
BH1
Ambralara
BH1
32.2m
53.0m
AB2
AB1
WA
Geotechnical Report
Page 8
APPENDIX B
Geotechnical Report
Page 9
Table 3:

Ambalara
Location
BH 1
Foundation Soil
Medium dense to very dense silty SAND
Soil Thickness
Proposed Foundation
Allowable Bearing
Net Safe Bearing
Depth
Pressure
Pressure
6.8m
6.0m
1119kN/m
373 KN/m
4.0m
4.0m
1267kN/m
422KN/m
with gravel (weathered rock)

BH2
Very dense, dry dark grey silty SAND with

broken quartz particles (weathered rock)
Geotechnical Report
Page 10
KULUN BRIDGE SITE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT KULUN ........... 1
1.1
Introduction ................................................................................................. 1
1.2
Fieldwork ..................................................................................................... 1
1.3
Percussion Drilling (Soft Boring) in Soft Ground ................................... 1
2.0
2.1
Introduction ................................................................................................. 2
2.2
Surficial Soil Profile .................................................................................... 2
2.3
Country Rock .............................................................................................. 3
2.4
Groundwater Conditions ............................................................................. 3
3.0
3.1
Allowable Bearing Capacity Estimation for footings on Granular ................ 4
4.0
FOUNDATION DEPTH AND TYPE ............................................................ 4
APPENDIX A LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT KULUN ....................... 5

Geotechnical Report
Page i
1.0
FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT KULUN
1.1
Introduction
Upper West Region.
The River crossing was located at Kulun.
1.2
Fieldwork
1.3
Kulun. One borehole was drilled at each approach.
from 9.5m in BH 1 to 6.8m in BH 2. Duration for chiseling in each borehole
averaged one hour thirty minutes.
Geotechnical Report
Page 1

Kulun
Depth in Soft
Borehole
Depth in Rock
Ground
(Chiselling with
(Percussion
California Hammer)
Drilling)
Total
Depth
B1
9.5m
0.0m
9.5m
B2
6.8m
0.0m
6.8m
2.0
2.1
Introduction
2.2
Kulun
Stratum
Thickness
Soft moist dark brown sandy 0.0m 2.1m
Average SPT N
7
SILT
Loose to medium dense coarse 2.1m 9.3m
grained silty SAND with gravel

Very dense GRANITIC rock
Geotechnical Report
9.3m 9.5m
refusal
Page 2

2.3
Country Rock
that granite was to be expected along the project corridor. At Kulun the
material actually chiseled is greyish sand with fined grained gravel (weathered
rock).
2.4
Groundwater was encountered at a depth of 4.65m in BH1 and 4.0m in BH2.
Within the project area, the major rainy season occurs from mid August to
Geotechnical Report
Page 3
3.0
3.1

The results obtained for N may be used to estimate bearing capacity for
Qult =
2
N
B + 0.3
B
0.08

of Appendix B.
4.0
At the Kulun bridge site a foundation depth of 9.3m should be adopted. This will
mainly be in the competent weathered rock horizon.

Geotechnical Report
Page 4
APPENDIX A
LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT KULUN
Geotechnical Report
Page 5
BOREHOLE LOG
PROJECT:
Kulun
LOCATION:

LOGGED BY: Ebenezer
(%) (%) (%)
pH Value
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
9
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
(%)
Chemical
Tests
Cl- (mgl-1)
Type
Shear
Test
Cu (kN/m2)
Level*
(m)
N-value
Fines %
Sample
Consistency
Limits
nmc LL PI DFS
Sand %
OD
In-situ
Test
Gravel (%)
Symbol
Soil Profile
SO42- (mgl-1)
Borehole No.: 1
Loose moist light brown sandy SILT
spt1
N=8
6.8
19
48
52
spt2
N=3
6.7 Non-plastic
78
22
N=5
5.1 Non-plastic
86
14
Loose moist light brown silty SAND
spt3
Loose moist light brown fine-grained

silty SAND with ome gravel particles
- Ground water
spt4
N=6
32.8 Non-plastic
83
11
spt5
N=4
15.0 Non-plastic
93
N=6
16.7 Non-plastic
78
22
N=7
17.2
65
35
7.6 Non-plastic
43
56
Loose wet reddish brown coarse-grained

SAND with some gravel
spt6
spt7
20
Loose to medium dense greyish silty

SAND mixed with pebbly gravel
and mica (weathered Rock)
spt8
N=24
spt9
N>50
Very hard granitic rock
CPT
End of borehole
LEGEND
N-value

LL - Liquid Limit
- Ground water
Cu - Cohesion
Note
Geotechnical Report
Page 6
BOREHOLE LOG
PROJECT:
Kulun
LOCATION:

LOGGED BY: Ebenezer
(%)
(%) (%) (%)
pH Value
N-value
Chemical
Tests
Cl- (mgl-1)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
Cu (kN/m2)
Type
Shear
Test
Fines %
Sample
Consistency
Limits
nmc LL PI DFS
Sand %
OD
Level*
(m)
In-situ
Test
Gravel (%)
Symbol
Soil Profile
SO42- (mgl-1)
Borehole No.: 2
ds1
Loose moist light brown sandy SILT
spt1
N=5
11.7
29
14
26
74
spt2
N=6
15.4
20
45
55
N=5
24.3
24
10
49
51
spt3
Loose moist light brown greyish

silty SAND
- Ground water
spt4
N=6
22.1
27
10
43
57
spt5
N>50
9.4
21
35
57
13.6 Non-plastic
92
Very dense wet reddish brown

sandy GRAVEL
spt6
CPT
Very dense moist dark grey

silty SAND (weathered granitic rock)
End of borehole
LEGEND
N-value

LL - Liquid Limit
- Ground water
Cu - Cohesion
Note
Geotechnical Report
Page 7
KULUN
BRIDGE
BOREHOLE LOCATION
12-02-10
44m
KuB3
KuB4
15m
48m
BH2
KUlun
BH1
51m
34.7m
52m
44m
KuB2
KuB1
Bulenge/Wa
Geotechnical Report
Page 8
APPENDIX B
Geotechnical Report
Page 9
Table 3:

Kulun
Location
Foundation Soil
Soil Thickness
Proposed Foundation
Allowable Bearing
Net Safe Bearing
Depth
Pressure
Pressure
BH 1
Very hard granitic rock
9.3m
9.3m
1267kN/m
422 KN/m
BH2
Very dense silty SAND (weathered granitic rock)
6.4m
5.7m
1267KN/m
422KN/m
Geotechnical Report
Page 10

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GARU BRIDGE SITE

FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT GARU ............. 1

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 1

Subsurface Conditions .............................................................................. 2

2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 2

ESTIMATION OF FOUNDATION PARAMETERS ...................................... 4

3.1 Allowable Bearing Capacity Estimation for footings on Granular ................ 4

Foundation Depth and Type ...................................................................... 4

APPENDIX A LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT GARU ......................... 5

FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT GARU

Percussion Drilling (Soft Boring) in Soft Ground

Table 1: Drilling Depths

Soft, moist greyish/ brown silty 1.0m 3.0m

clayey silty SAND

Surficial soils were mainly sand with a heterogeneous mixture of loose to

ESTIMATION OF FOUNDATION PARAMETERS

Allowable Bearing Capacity Estimation for footings on Granular

Foundation Depth and Type

LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT GARU

(%) (%) (%)

LOGGED BY: Ebenezer

DATE : 23rd January , 2010

BORING METHOD: Percussion Drilling

Soft moist greyish brown Sandy SILT

Very Loose Moist Reddish Brown SAND

Soft moist greyish / dark brown

Soft moist greyish / dark brown

Very dense SAND

nmc - natural moisture content

(%) (%) (%)

LOGGED BY: Ebenezer

DATE : 23rd January , 2010

BORING METHOD: Percussion Drilling

Soft moist dark brown dark grey clayey

Soft moist yellowish brown , grey

Soft wet greyish sandy SILT with clay

Soft to firm greyish / yellowish brown

Very dense moist dark brown coarse

grained SAND with some gravel

nmc - natural moisture content

RESULTS OF ALLOWABLE BEARING CAPACTY

Summary of Foundation Details at Borehole Locations

Very dense, moist, greyish micacious silty

Net Safe Bearing

GRAVEL (Weathered Granite)

Very dense, moist dark brown coarse grained

Assuming a factor of safety of 3

Photograph of the Existing Bridge at Garu

Photograph of Drilling Rig being towed to Site

DONINGA BRIDGE SITE

FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT DONINGA ....... 1

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 1

SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS ..................................................................... 2

2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 2

Groundwater Conditions ............................................................................ 3

3.1 Allowable Bearing Capacity Estimation for footings on Granular ................ 4

FOUNDATION DEPTH AND TYPE ............................................................. 4

APPENDIX A LOGS & LOCATION OF BOREHOLE AT DONINGA ................... 5

FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE AT DONINGA

Table 1: Drilling Depths

Surficial soils were mainly sand with a heterogeneous mixture of dense,

ESTIMATION OF FOUNDATION PARAMETERS

Allowable Bearing Capacity Estimation for footings on Granular