Global & Local Coordinate System in Staad

Analysis & Design
of
10 Story RC Building
Using ETABS
(Metric Units)
ACECOMS, AIT
Table of Content
Objective
Problem
StepbyStep
12
1. SetGridandStoryData
12
2. DefineMaterialProperties
15
3. DefineSectionProperties
17
4. DrawBeamsandColumns
27
5. DrawShearWallsandCreateDoorOpening
30
6. DrawSlabPanelsandUseSlabAutoMeshing
45
7. CopySTORY10toAllStories
53
8. AddElevatorOpeningonSlabPanel
54
9. AssignSupports
55
10. AssignDEADandLIVELoad
56
11. DefineandAssignWindLoadCase
61
12. DefineResponseSpectrumCaseforSeismicAnalysis
66
13. RunAnalysisandViewResults
70
14. RunConcreteFrameDesignandViewResults
80
15. RunShearWallDesignandViewResults
89
ETABS Tutorial Example
ACECOMS, AIT
Objective
To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the
modeling, dynamic analysis, design of 10 story RC
building.
Problem
Carry out dynamic analysis, and design of 10 story RC
building as shown in following details.
3D View
Analysis & Design of 10 Story RC Building with Shear Wall

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Plan View (Unit in m)
Story 10 Plan
Elevation View
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Analysis & Design of 10 Story RC Building
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Elevator Dimension
Plan View at Elevator Area

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Elevation View at Front of Elevator

Material Properties for Steel (Unit in kg and cm)
Concrete
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Section Properties
Member
Dimension
Beam (width x Height)
30 x 60 cm
Column
40 x 40 cm
Slab
Thickness = 15 cm
Shear wall
Thickness = 20 cm
Story Height Data

Story
Height
Typical Story
3.00 m
Story at base of building
1.00 m
Static Load Cases

Load
Name
Load Type
Details
Value
DEAD
Dead Load
Self Weight of Structural Members

Calculate automatically using Self
Weight Multiplier in ETABS
Uniform Load on Slabs:

(Finishing + Partition Load)
0.20 t/m2
Uniform Load on Beams:

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(Wall Load)
LIVE
Reduccible
Live Load
0.50 t/m
Uniform Load on Slabs:

(Use Tributary Area: UBC97)
0.25 t/m2
Wind Load Cases (UBC97)

Load Case
Parameter
Wind Direction
WINDX
WINDY
Wind Speed
90 mph
Exposure Type
B (Suburban area)
Importance Factor
1 (Building normal importance)
Response Spectrum Data (UBC97)

Load Case
Parameter
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EQX
EQY
Direction
U1
U2
Scale
1.00
1.00
Soil Type
E (Soft Clay)
Shaking Intensity (Aa)
0.15g
Seismic Coefficient Ca
0.3
Seismic Coefficient Cv
0.55
Damping
0.05
Model Combination
SRSS
ACECOMS, AIT
Direction Combination
SRSS
Eccentricity Ratio

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ACECOMS, AIT
Table of Content
Objective
Problem
StepbyStep
12
1. SetGridandStoryData
12
2. DefineMaterialProperties
15
3. DefineSectionProperties
17
4. DrawBeamsandColumns
27
5. DrawShearWallsandCreateDoorOpening
30
6. DrawSlabPanelsandUseSlabAutoMeshing
45
7. CopySTORY10toAllStories
53
8. AddElevatorOpeningonSlabPanel
54
9. AssignSupports
55
10. AssignDEADandLIVELoad
56
11. DefineandAssignWindLoadCase
61
12. DefineResponseSpectrumCaseforSeismicAnalysis
66
13. RunAnalysisandViewResults
70
14. RunConcreteFrameDesignandViewResults
80
15. RunShearWallDesignandViewResults
89
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Step by Step
a. Set Grid and
Story Data
Step 1-: Select Working Unit and Start New Model using Template
Start up screen of ETABS, select working unit to be ton-m at drop-down menu on
the bottom-right of screen and click on New Model button to start new model
using template

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Step 1-: Specify Grid and Story Dimension

Specify grid dimension, story dimension, select Grid Only as shown in below
figure and click on Edit Story Data
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Step 1-: Create Grid Line and Story Line

Grid line and story line have been created as specified in previous steps.

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b.
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Define Material
Properties
Step 2-: Change Working Unit

Change working unit to kg-cm and go to Define >> Material
Note: You may select N-mm or Kip-in unit to input material properties.
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Step 2-: Check Material Properties

Select CONC, click on Modify/Show Material.. button and specify material
properties as shown in the figure below.

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Define Section
Properties
Step 3-: Define New Frame Section for Beam

Go to Define >> Frame Sections and select on Add Rectangular from second
drop-down menu.
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Step 3-: Specify Beam Section Properties

Specify beam section properties as shown in the following figure and click on Set
Modifiers button.
Enter 0.5 for Torsional Constant

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Step 3-: Specify Reinforcement Data for Beam

Specify reinforcement data as shown in the following figure.
Note for Reinforcing Information for Beam

For concrete beams there are two types of reinforcing information that you specify.
Rebar cover is specified at the top and bottom of the beam. The top cover is
measured from the top of the beam to the centroid of the top longitudinal reinforcing.
The bottom cover is measured from the bottom of the beam to the centroid of the
bottom longitudinal reinforcing.
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The reinforcement overrides are specified areas of longitudinal reinforcing steel

that occur at the top and bottom of the left and right ends of the beam. These
overrides are used by ETABS as follows:
In the Concrete Frame Design postprocessor when the design shear in a concrete
beam is to be based on provided longitudinal reinforcement (that is, the shear
design is based on the moment capacity of the beam) ETABS compares the
calculated required reinforcement with that specified in the reinforcement overrides
and uses the larger value to determine the moment capacity on which the shear
design is based.
In the Concrete Frame Design postprocessor when the minimum reinforcing in the
middle of a beam is to be based on some percentage of the reinforcing at the ends
of the beam ETABS compares the calculated required reinforcement at the ends of
the beam with that specified in the reinforcement overrides and uses the larger value
to determine the minimum reinforcing in the middle of the beam.
In the Concrete Frame Design postprocessor when the shear design of columns is
to be based on the maximum moment that the beams can deliver to the columns
ETABS compares the calculated required reinforcement with that specified in the
reinforcement overrides and uses the larger value to determine the moment capacity
of the beam.
For any degree of freedom in the frame nonlinear hinge properties assigned to a
concrete member that is specified as default ETABS calculates the hinge forcedeformation properties based on the larger of the calculated required reinforcement
at the ends of the beam (assuming you have run the design through the Concrete
Frame Design postprocessor) and the specified reinforcement overrides.

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Step 3-: Add Frame Section for Column

Select on Add Rectangular from second drop-down menu.
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Step 3-: Specify Column Section Properties

Specify column section properties as shown in the following figure and click on Set
Modifiers and

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Step 3-: Specify Reinforcement Data for Column

Click on Concrete Reinforcement button and specify reinforcement data as shown
in the following figure.
Note for Reinforcing Information for Columns

For columns the following areas are provided in the Reinforcement Data dialog box:
Configuration of Reinforcement: Here you can specify rectangular or circular
reinforcement. You can if desired put circular reinforcement in a rectangular beam or
put rectangular reinforcement in a circular beam.
Lateral Reinforcement: If you have specified a rectangular configuration of
reinforcement then the only choice available to you here is ties. If you have specified
a circular configuration of reinforcement then you have an option of either ties or
spiral for the lateral (transverse) reinforcement.
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Rectangular Reinforcement: This area is visible if you have chosen a rectangular

configuration of reinforcement. The following options are available in this area.
Cover to Rebar Center: This is the distance from the edge of the
column to the center of a longitudinal bar. In the special case of rectangular
reinforcement in a circular column the cover is taken to be the minimum
distance from the edge of the column to the center of a corner bar of the
rectangular reinforcement pattern.
Number of bars in 3-dir: This is the number of longitudinal

reinforcing bars (including corner rebar) on the two faces of the column that
are parallel to the local 3-axis of the section.
Number of bars in 2-dir: This is the number of longitudinal

reinforcing bars (including corner rebar) on the two faces of the column that
are parallel to the local 2-axis of the section.
Bar size: This is the specified size of reinforcing steel for the
section. You can only specify one bar size for a given concrete frame section
property.
Circular Reinforcement: This area is visible if you have chosen a circular

configuration of reinforcement. The following options are available in this area.
Cover to Rebar Center: This is the distance from the edge of the
column to the center of a longitudinal bar. In the special case of circular
reinforcement in a rectangular column the cover is taken to be the minimum
distance from the edge of the column to a circle drawn through the center of
all the rebar in the circular reinforcement pattern.
Number of bars: This is the number of longitudinal reinforcing bars

in the section.
Bar size: This is the specified size of reinforcing steel for the
section. You can only specify one bar size for a given concrete frame section
property.
Check/Design: In this area you specify that when a member with this frame section
property is run through the Concrete Frame Design postprocessor the reinforcement
is either to be checked or to be designed. If the reinforcement is to be checked then
all information in the Reinforcement Data dialog box is used. If the reinforcement is
to be designed then all information in the Reinforcement Data dialog box is used
except the bar size is ignored and the total required steel area is calculated. For
design the configuration of reinforcement, lateral reinforcement and cover is used.
If you specify reinforcing in a concrete column frame section property that is
specified using the section designer utility then the Concrete Frame Design
postprocessor either checks the column for the specified reinforcing or designs new
reinforcing depending on the option you selected when you specified the section.

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Step 3-: Define Slab Section Properties

Go to Define >> Wall/Slab/Deck Sections, select SLAB1, click on Modify/Show
Section and specify slab section properties as shown in figure below.
Note for Area Thickness

Thickness: Two thicknesses are specified: membrane and bending. Typically these
thicknesses are the same but they can be different. For instance they may be
different if you are trying to model full shell behavior for a corrugated metal deck.
The membrane thickness is used for calculating:
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The membrane stiffness for full shell and pure membrane sections.
The element volume for element self-mass and self-weight
calculations.
ACECOMS, AIT
The bending thickness is used for calculating the plate-bending and transverseshearing stiffnesses for full shell and pure plate sections.
Step 3-: Define Wall Section Properties
Select WALL1, click on Modify/Show Section and specify wall section properties
as shown in figure below.

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d. Draw Beams
and Columns
Step 4-: Activate Similar Story Option
Select Plan View window by clicking on it and select Similar Story from first dropdown menu at bottom-right of main screen.
Note: Similar Stories option in ETABS help user to do duplicate work at

typical stories, when Similar Stories is activated, all assignments
on plan view at any stories in similar stories group will affect to
every similar story. Similar story group can be defined b specifying
Mater Story and Similar To column from Edit >> Edit Story
Data >> Edit Story.
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Step 4-: Draw All Columns

Click on Create Column at Regions or at Clicks button
, select C40x40 from
Property and draw rectangular cover column location as show in figure below.

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Step 4-: Draw All Beams

Click on Create Beams at Regions or at Clicks button
, select B30x60 from
Property and draw rectangular cover beam location as show in figure below.
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Draw Shear
Walls and Create Door Opening
Pier and spandrel labels will define at shear wall panels in this step for
concrete shear wall design.
Step 5-: Deactivate Similar Stories and Zoom Plan View at Shear Wall
Location.
Select One Story and Ton-m in drop-down menu at bottom-right of main screen,
click on Rubber Band Zoom button
and draw rectangular to cover shear wall
area as shown in figure below.

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Step 5-: Add Nodes at Boundary of Shear Walls at STORY10

Click on Draw Point Objects button
or go to Draw >> Draw Point Object,
F Plan E
specify Plan Offset X and
Offset Y (as shown in table below) and click on
node (as shown in figure below) one by one
See Table Below
Click
Plan Offset X (m)
Plan Offset Y (m)
-2
-2
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Step 5-: Draw Perimeter Shear Walls

Click on Draw Wall button
, select WALLTH20CM and draw perimeter wall
panels as shown in figure below by clicking on start node and end node.

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Step 5-: Draw Middle Shear Wall

Draw middle wall panels as shown in figure below by clicking on start node and end
node.
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Step 5-: Assign Pier Label at Back of Elevator Walls

Click on Select Object button
and select wall panel, go to Assign >>
Shells/Areas >> Pier Labels or click on Assign Pier Label button
, enter P
BACK for pier label and click Add New Name

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Step 5-: Assign Pier Label at Side and Middle of Elevator Walls
Select wall panel by drawing selection rectangular to cover each wall, go to Assign
>> Shells/Areas >> Pier Labels or click on Assign Pier Label button
, enter pier
label (see in Plan View) and click Add New Name to assign pier labels at side and
middle of elevator walls one by one as shown in figure.
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Step 5-: Add New Elevation View at Front of Elevators

Click on Set Elevation View button
and click on Add New Elevation.
Specify parameters as shown in figure below.

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Step 5-: Add Reference Plane at Top of Elevator Door for Manual Meshing
Go to Edit >> Edit Reference Planes, specify elevation at top of elevator (27 m)
door and click on Add" as shown in figure below
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Step 5-: Add Reference Lines at Side of Elevator Doors for Manual Meshing
Go to Edit >> Edit Reference Lines, specify X-Ord and Y-Ord at side of elevator
doors and click on Add" to add reference lines at side of elevator doors one by one.

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Step 5-: Select and Mesh Wall Panels

Go to Select >> By Area Object Type and select Wall from list
Go to Edit >> Mesh Areas and select items as shown in figure below
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Step 5-: Mark Door Opening

Click on Rubber Band Zoom button
, draw rectangular to cover shear wall area
to enlarge elevation view as shown in figure below, click on Select Object button to
change to selection mode, select door opening area by clicking on them one by one
and press Delete button on keyboard.
Note: To show shell element in solid shade, go to View >> Set Building
View Options or click on Set Building View Options button
and
select Object Fill in Special Effects and Apply All Windows.

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Step 5-: Assign Pier Labels for Shear Wall Design
P FRONT1
Select wall panel, go to Assign >> Shells/Areas >> Pier Labels or click on Assign
Pier Label
1 button , enter pier label (see in Elevation View) and click Add New
Name to assign pier labels at elevator one by one as shown in figure.
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Step 5-: Assign Pier Labels for Shear Wall Design
P FRONT3
P FRONT2
Repeat Step 5-12 to assign P FRONT2 and P FRONT3 pier labels.

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Step 5-: Assign Spandrel Labels for Shear Wall Design at Top of Elevator
Doors
Select wall panel, go to Assign >> Shells/Areas >> Spandrel Labels or click on
Assign Spandrel Label button , enter spandrel label and click Add New Name to
assign spandrel labels at top of elevator door one by one as shown in figure.
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Step 5-: Assign Spandrel Labels for Shear Wall Design at Top of Elevator
Doors
Repeat Step 5-16 to assign S2 spandrel label and click on Show Undeformed
Shape button
to hide spandrel label display.

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Draw Slab
Panels and Use Slab Auto Meshing
Step 6-: Draw Slab Panels at STORY10

Click on Set Plan View button
and select STORY10
Click on Create Areas at Clicks button

, select SLABTH15CM from Property
and draw rectangular window to cover the full plan.
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First Click
Step 6-: Draw Dummy Lines at Corner of Elevator Door for Manual Meshing
Use Rubber Band Zoom button
to zoom plan view as shown in figure below,
click on Create Lines or at Clicks button
, select Snap to Grid Intersections and
Points button
and Snap to Perpendicular Projections button
, select NONE
from Property and draw 3 dummy lines as shown in the figure below by clicking on
node on elevator panel first and second clicking at perimeter beam along grid line 1
one by one.
Second Click
Note: Dummy line (Null line) is stiffness less frame element. For this example,
manual area meshing is required at slab panels between grid lines B to C and
1 to 4 to provide proper connectivity between slabs and elevator walls, this line
will be used for manual meshing (dividing the slab).
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Step 6-: Draw Dummy Line on Front of Elevator

Draw 1 dummy line on front of elevator as shown in figure below

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Step 6-: Use Manual Mesh for Slab Panels

Click on Restore Full View button
button
below.
to view the full plan, click on Select Object
and draw selection rectangular to cover slab panels as shown in figure
Go to Edit >> Mesh Area and select first option as shown in figure below.
Note: Cookie Cut divides the slab at real or dummy beam (line).
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Step 6-: Draw Dummy Lines at Elevator Door

Use Rubber Band Zoom button
to zoom plan view as shown in figure below,
click on Create Lines or at Clicks button
, select Snap to Grid Intersections and
Points button
and Snap to Perpendicular Projections button
from Property
dummy lines at elevator door.
1 and2draw
3 44
, select NONE
Note: This step is required to satisfy the compatibility requirement in Finite Element
model. If the slab near the lift is not divided to match with front side of the lift,
the load and stiffness will not be transferred properly. In Finite Element
Method, mass, stiffness, load etc. are transferred (lumped) to the nodes are
not to the edge of the element.

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Step 6-: Use Manual Mesh on Slab Panels

and draw selection rectangular window to cover
slab panels as shown in the figure below.
Go to Edit >> Mesh Area and select parameters as shown in figure below.
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Step 6-: Use Auto Mesh on Slab and Wall Panels

Click on Restore Full View button
to view plan in full view, click on Select Object
button and draw selection rectangular to cover all slab and wall panels as shown in
the figure below.
Go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Area Object Mesh Options and specify
parameters as shown in figure below

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Step 6-: View Auto Area Mesh

Click on Set Building View Options button
auto area meshing line.
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and select Auto Area Mesh to view
ACECOMS, AIT
g. Copy STORY10 to All Stories

Step 7-: Copy STORY10 to Remaining Stories
Go to Select >> by Wall/Slab/Deck Sections and select area sections as shown in
figure below.
Go to Edit >> Replicate, click on Story tab and select story from STORY9 to
STORY1
Select STORY9 to STORY1

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Add Elevator
Opening on Slab Panel
Step 8-: All Slab Opening

Select Similar Stories, click on Draw Rectangular Areas button
, select
OPENING in Property and draw openings as shown in figure below.
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i. Assign
Supports
Step 9-: Select All Nodes on BASE Floor
Click on Set Plan View button
and select BASE

and draw selection rectangular to cover all nodes,
go to Assign >> Joint/Point >> Restraints and select Fix Support .

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Note: This example focuses on simplify static analysis. Spring support will be
demonstrated in some other example.
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Assign DEAD
and LIVE Load
Step 10-: Assign DEAD Uniform Load on Slab Panels

Go to Select >> By Area Object Type and select Floor
Go to Assign >> shell/Area Loads >> Uniform and specify parameter as shown in
figure below.
Note: The load from slab will be transferred to beam and column automatically (for
one way, two way, flat slab)

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Step 10-: Assign DEAD Uniform Load on Beams

Go to Select >> By Frame Sections and select B30x60.
Go to Assign >> Frame/Line Loads >> Distributed and specify parameter as

shown in figure below.
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Step 10-: Change Load Type for LIVE Load Case

Go to Define >> Static Load Case, select LIVE load case, change Type from
LIVE to REDUCE LIVE and click on Modify Load
Go to Options >> References >> Live Load Reduction and select Tributary Area
(UBC97) as shown in figure below.

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Note:
If this check box is checked, the tributary area live load reduction method based on
Section 1607.5 of the 1997 UBC is used. The basic formula is as follows:
RLLF = 1 - 0.0008(A - 150)
where,
RLLF = The reduced live load factor for an element, unitless. The RLLF is
multiplied times the unreduced live load to get the reduced live
load.
A
= Tributary area for the element, ft2. If A does not exceed 150 ft2, no
live load reduction is used. See Tributary Area for more
information.
The RLLF factor can not be less than the minimum factor described in the Minimum
Factor Area description.
Note that no check is done to limit the RLLF based on Equation 7-2 in Section
1607.5 of the 1997 UBC.
You may press F1 key to get more information about RLLF when you are on
theLive Load Reduction Factor dialogue.
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Step 10-: Assign LIVE Uniform Load on Slab Panels

Go to Select >> By Area Object Type and select Floor
Go to Assign >> shell/Area Loads >> Uniform and specify parameter as shown in
figure below.

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Define and
Assign Wind Load Case
Step 11-: Add WINX Load Case

Go to Define >> Static Load Case and enter load case parameters for WINDX as
shown in the figure below. \
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Step 11-: Specify WINX Load Case

Select WINDX from list, click on Modify Lateral Load and specify parameters as

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Step 11-: Add and Specify WINDY Load Case

Repeat Step 11-1 to 11-2 to add WINDY Load Case
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Step 11-: Draw Null Areas at Side of Building for Wind Pressure Coefficient
Click on
to change plan view to STORY1, select All Stories from first dropdown menu, click on Create Walls at Regions or at Clicks button
, select NONE
and draw rectangular cover all side of plan view one by one as shown in figure
below.
Note: Dummy Area (Null Area) is shell element with no stiffness to represent curtain
wall or brick wall for wind pressure coefficient assignment. ETABS calculates
wind load by using area of dummy area and wind pressure coefficients
automatically based on selected code at step 11-1 and 11-2

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Step 11-: Assign Windward and Leeward Wind Coefficient to Null Areas

, select null areas on the side of the building, go to
Assign >> Shell/Area >> Wind Pressure Coefficient and specify parameters as
shown in figure and Table below one by one.
See Table Below
Face No.
Wind Load Case

Name
Pressure
Coefficient
Pressure Coefficient
Type
WINDX
0.8
Windward
WINDX
0.5
Leeward or Side
WINDY
-0.8
Windward
WINDY
-0.5
Leeward or Side
Note: Positive Direction of wind pressure is same as positive direction of local area
axes 3. To check area local axes in shell area, go to View >> Set Building
View Options or click on Set Building View Options button
and select
Area Local Axes in Object View Options. ETABS will display 3 local axes in
3 color arrows (Red, white and blue to represent 1, 2 and 3 local axes).
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Define
Response Spectrum Case for Seismic
Analysis
Step 12-: Define Response Spectrum Function

Go to Define >> Response Spectrum Functions, select Add UBC97 Spectrum
from drop-down menu and enter parameters (C a and Cv) as shown in figure below.
ETABS will plot and display response spectrum graph from C a and Cv at bottom of
window.

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Step 12-: Add New Response Spectrum Case (EQX)

Go to Define >> Response Spectrum Cases and click on Add New Spectrum.
Response Spectrum Data (UBC97)

Load Case
Parameter
EQX
EQY
Direction
U1
U2
Scale
1.00
1.00
Soil Type
E (Soft Clay)
Shaking Intensity (Aa)
0.15g
Seismic Coefficient Ca
0.3
Seismic Coefficient Cv
0.55
Damping
0.05
Model Combination
SRSS
Direction Combination
SRSS
Eccentricity Ratio

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Step 12-: Define Response Spectrum Case for Earthquake in X Direction

(EQX)
Specify parameters as shown in figure below
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Step 12-: Define Response Spectrum Case (EQY)

Click on Add New Spectrum and specify parameters as shown in figure below

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m.
Run Analysis
and View Results
Step 13-: Start Analysis
Go to Analyze >> Run Analysis to start analysis.
ETABS will display deformed shape of model when analysis complete.
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Step 13-: Check Error from Analysis Run Record

Go to File >> Last Analysis Run Log and scroll down to check error message.

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Step 13-: Display Deformed Shape in 3D View

Select 3D view window, go to Display >> Show Deformed Shape and select
desired load from drop-down menu. To view deformed shape in animation, click on
Start Animation.
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Step 13-: View Analysis Result Diagrams of Frame Elements (Beam or

Column)
Go to Display >> Show Member Forces/Stress Diagram >> Frame/
Pier/Spandrel Forces and select Load and Component

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Note: Sign Convention for Frame Element
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Step 13-: View Analysis Result Diagram at Particular Frame Element

Right click on desired beam to display particular analysis result diagram

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Step 13-: Create Elevation View for Display Analysis Results in Wall Panels
Click on Set Elevation View button
and click on Add New Elevation
Specify Location at wall panels around elevators as shown in the following figure
and table.
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Elevation Name
X Ordinate
Y Ordinate
LIFT LEFT
LIFT RIGHT
11
LIFT BACK
10
ACECOMS, AIT
Step 13-: View Analysis Result Contour in Wall Panels (Elevation View)
Change Plan View to Elevation View by clicking on Set Elevation View button
and selecting desired elevation for elevator location, go to Display >> Show
Member Forces/Stress Diagram >> Shell Stresses/Forces and select Load and
Component. Right click on desired wall panel to view particular analysis result.

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Step 13-: View Analysis Result Contour in Slab Panels (Plan View)
Change to Plan View by clicking on Set Plan View button
and selecting desired
floor, go to Display >> Show Member Forces/Stress Diagram >> Shell
Stresses/Forces and select Load and Component.
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Step 13-: View Analysis Results in Tabular Form

Go to Display >> Show Output table Mode and select desired items.
Select analysis results from drop-down menu at top-right of screen
Note: This table can be copied to MS Excel by using Edit >> Copy menu in this
window (Not main menu).

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Run Concrete
Frame Design and View Results
Step 14-: Select Design Code

Go to Options >> Preference >> Concrete Frame Design and select ACI 318-99
from Design Code
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Step 14-: Define Special Seismic Load Effect

Go to Define >> Special Seismic Load Effect and select item as show in the
following figure.

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Step 14-: Add Default Load Combinations and Convert to User Combinations
Go to Edit >> Add Default Design Combo and select items as shown in the
following figure.
Select UDCON11, click on select DEAD, enter 1.05 in Scale Factor and click on
1
Modify
4
3
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Step 14-: Change Scale Factor for Load Combination

Repeat Step 14-2 by using the following table to change scale factor for load
combination.
See Table Below
See Table Below
Case Name/ Scale Factor
Load Combination
Name
DEAD
LIVE
EQX
EQY
UDCON11
1.05
1.275
0.825
UDCON12
1.05
1.275
0.825
UDCON13
0.9
1.1
UDCON14
0.9
1.1

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Step 14-: Select Load Combination for Concrete Frame Design

Go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> Select Design Combo
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Step 14-: Start Concrete Frame Design

Go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> Start Design/Check Structure

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Step 14-: Display Longitudinal Reinforcing for Concrete Frame Design

Select kg-cm, go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> Display Design Info,
click on Design Output and select Longitudinal Reinforcing from first drop-down
menu.
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Step 14-: Display Shear Reinforcing for Concrete Frame Design

Go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> Display Design Info, click on
Design Output and select Shear Reinforcing from first drop-down menu.

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Step 14-: Display Concrete Frame Design in Details

To see concrete frame design in details, right mouse click on desired element. The
highlighted row is the critical location along the element length (maximum required
reinforcement). More details can be displayed by clicking on button below. Click
OK to close this dialogue.
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Run Shear Wall

Design and View Results
Typical Shear Wall Design Procedure

Following is a typical shear wall design process that might occur for a
new building. Note that the sequence of steps you may take in any
particular design may vary from this but the basic process will be
essentially the same.
1.
After create the building model Use the Options

menu > Preferences > Shear Wall Design command to review the
shear wall design preferences and revise them if necessary. Note that
there are default values provided for all shear wall design preferences so
it is not actually necessary for you to define any preferences unless you
want to change some of the default preference values.
2.
Run the building analysis using the Analyze menu >

Run Analysis command.
3.
Assign the wall pier and wall spandrel labels. Use the
Assign menu > Frame/Line > Pier Label, the Assign menu >
Shell/Area > Pier Label, the Assign menu > Frame/Line > Spandrel
Label, and the Assign menu > Shell/Area > Spandrel Label
commands to do this.
Note that the labels can be assigned before or after the analysis is run.
4.
Assign shear wall overwrites, if needed, using the

Design menu > Shear Wall Design > View/Revise Pier Overwrites
and the Design menu > Shear Wall Design > View/Revise Spandrel
Overwrites commands. Note that you must select piers or spandrels first
before using these commands. Also note that there are default values
provided for all pier and spandrel design overwrites so it is not actually
necessary for you to define any overwrites unless you want to change
some of the default overwrite values.
Note that the overwrites can be assigned before or after the analysis is
run.

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Important note about selecting piers and spandrels: You can select a
pier or spandrel simply by selecting any line or area object that is part of
the pier or spandrel.
5.
If you want to use any design load combinations other

than the default ones created by ETABS for your shear wall design then
click the Design menu > Shear Wall Design > Select Design Combo
command. Note that you must have already created your own design
combos by clicking the Define menu > Load Combinations command.
6.
Click the Design menu > Shear Wall Design > Start
Design/Check of Structure command to run the shear wall design.
7.
Review the shear wall design results. To do this you

might do one of the following:
a.
Click the Design menu > Shear Wall Design >

Display Design Info command to display design information on
the model.
b.
Right click on a pier or spandrel while the design

results are displayed on it to enter the interactive wall design
mode. Note that while you are in this mode you can revise
overwrites and immediately see the new design results.
If you are not currently displaying design results you can click the
Design menu > Shear Wall Design > Interactive Wall Design
command and then right click a pier or spandrel to enter the interactive
design mode for that element.
1.
Use the File menu > Print Tables > Shear Wall
Design command to print shear wall design data. If you select a few
piers or spandrels before using this command then data is printed only
for the selected elements.
2.
If desired, revise the wall pier and/or spandrel

overwrites, rerun the shear wall design, and review the results again.
Repeat this step as many times as needed.
3.
If desired, create wall pier check sections with userdefined (actual) reinforcing specified for the wall piers using the Section
Designer utility. Use the Design menu > Shear Wall Design > Define
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Pier Sections for Checking command to define the sections in Section

Designer. Be sure to indicate that the reinforcing is to be checked. Use
the Design menu > Shear Wall Design > Assign Pier Sections for
Checking command to assign these sections to the piers. Rerun the
design and verify that the actual flexural reinforcing provided is
adequate.
4.
Assign these check sections to the piers, change the

pier mode from Design to Check, and rerun the design. Verify that the
actual flexural reinforcing provided is adequate.
5.
If necessary, revise the geometry or reinforcing and

rerun the design.
6.
Print or display selected shear wall design results if

desired.
Note that shear wall design is performed as an iterative process. You can
change your wall design dimensions and reinforcing during the design
process without rerunning the analysis. However, you always want to be
sure that your final design is based on analysis properties (wall
dimensions) that are consistent with your design (actual) wall
dimensions.
A: Shear Wall with Line Loads
B: Finite Element Model
Rigid
Zones
Beam
s
Column
s
3
DOFrigid zone
per

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C: Define Beams & Columns
D: Beam-Column Model
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Step 15-: Change view to Elevation View

Click on Set Elevation View button , select desired elevation and use Rubber
Band Zoom button
to zoom shear wall view.
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Step 15-: Select Design Code for Shear Wall Design

Go to Options >> Preference >> Shear Wall Design and select parameters as

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Step 15-: Add Default Load Combinations and Convert to User Combinations
Go to Edit >> Add Default Design Combo and select items as shown in the
following figure.
Select UDWALL11, click on select DEAD, enter 1.05 in Scale Factor and click
1
on Modify
4
3
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Step 15-: Change Scale Factor for Load Combination

Repeat Step 15-3 by using the following table to change scale factor for load
combination.
See Table Below

See Table Below
Case Name/ Scale Factor
Load Combination
Name
DEAD
LIVE
EQX
EQY
UDWALL11
1.05
1.275
0.825
UDWALL12
1.05
1.275
0.825
UDWALL13
0.9
1.1
UDWALL14
0.9
1.1

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Notes: Special Care Required in Using Different Codes for Seismic Force
Estimation and Design
ACI-318 and UBC are the codes developed by two different organizations/institutes.
Though UBC can be used both for seismic load estimation and design, it is more
popular for the seismic load estimation. On the other hand, ACI codes is widely
used for design of RC structures which does not deal with seismic load estimation.
It is a common practice to use UBC for earthquake loads and ACI for RC design.
While using two different codes, you may encounter concept incompatibility
problems. This is primarily due to the differences in treating the design earthquake
load E. There are two common ways to do that:
-
E represents the service-level load (un-factored)

E represents the strength-level load (already factored)
ACI family of codes and UBC family of codes seems to follow different approach.
To solve the above problem properly, the user must be familiar with both the codes.
Another problem may arise from the way a particular software handles the above
issues. Some of the solutions for the above are:
-
Setting/modifying parameters specific to seismic loads (ductility row etc)

Defining/modifying the computer generated load combinations manually
Using scaling factors
In this example, the manual method has been adopted to illustrate the process
which can be applied to different local requirements.
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Step 15-: Select Load Combination for Concrete Frame Design

Go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> Select Design Combo

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Step 15-: Start Shear Wall Design

Go to Design >> Shear Wall Design >> Start Design/Check Structure
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Step 15-: Display Pier Design Information for Shear Wall Design
Go to Design >> Shear Wall Design >> Display Design Info, click on Design
Output and select Pier Longitudinal Reinforcing.

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Step 15-: Display Spandrel Design Information for Shear Wall Design
Go to Design >> Shear Wall Design >> Display Design Info, click on Design
Output and select Spandrel Longitudinal Reinforcing.
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Step 15-: Display Shear Reinforcing for Shear Wall Design

Select kg-cm, go to Design >> Shear Wall Design >> Display Design Info, click
on Design Output and Pier/Spandrel Shear Reinforcing.

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Step 15-: Display Pier Design Details for Shear Wall Design
To see pier design in details, right mouse click on desired pier panel.
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Reinforcement Location for Pier

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Step 15-: Display Spandrel Design Details for Shear Wall Design
To see spandrel design in details, right mouse click on desired spandrel panel.
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Reinforcement Location for Spandrel

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Note: Typical Detailing of Shear Wall
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