ANSYSsolutionsfor

DrillingandCompletion

MohanSrinivasa,PhD
1

2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

Introduction
Drillingforoilisboring
Veryharshenvironments
Needtogetthingsright

2011ANSYS,Inc.

Equipmentdesignandreliability
Fluidmechanics
Electromechanical
Assetmanagement

September8,2011

ProblemsofInterest
Structuralanalysis

Geotechnicalengineering
Vibrationofdrillstrings
Reliabilityofequipment
Fatigue
Hydraulicfracturing

Fluidmechanics

2011ANSYS,Inc.

NonNewtonianflow
Multiphaseflowinaporousmedia
Proppanttransport
Erosionoftools

September8,2011

DrillingLocationandOrientation
Canwedeterminethelocaltectonic
stressorientationbeforedrilling?
Toalignhorizontalwellpathparallelto
theleastprincipalstressaxis
Ensuresboreholestability
EnsuresOptimalFracturedesign
Secondaryandtertiaryrecovery

Worldstressmapproject
Localstressorientationsnearfaultscan
bedifferent
Stressanddisplacementbasedboundary
conditionschangedtomatchthelocal
stressorientationsandmagnitude.

Comparison between open fractures versus

those predicted using ANSYS

Calibratedwithadugwell.
This methodology has been validated by Andreas Henk, Univ Fredburg,
Germany
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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

ReliabilityofDrillingProcess
Ensuringhighreliabilityofallcomponents

Drillbit
Drillstring
Casings
Derrick
Loggingwhiledrilling.

2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

DrillBitDesign
Challenges
Reliablecuttingoperationsinharsh
environments
Rapidproductdevelopmentcycle
Efficiencyofcuttingsremoval
Nozzledesignplaysamajorrolein
cuttingsremoval
Measurementsandmodelvisualizations
aredifficultandexpensive
Contours of shear stress in the cone (left) and at the bottom (right).

ANSYSCAESolutions
Detailedinformationfortheflowfieldandshear
ratecharacteristics,indicatingeffectivedrillingmud
removal
Optimization
Erosionprediction
Understandingofcuttingstresses
Abilitytodesignfortorquerelatedmechanical
stresses

Tricone Drill Bit

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

Some images courtesy of Hughes Christenson & Pluere

ModelingMud
Mudusedtodrivethedrill,removecuttings,
coolandlubricatedrillstring,maintainwell
pressureandprovidetelemetry
NonNewtonianfluidwithparticulates
Highlyerosiveenvironment
Componentscanquicklywearout
Needtominimizeerosion

2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

DrillSurfaceCleaning
Drillsurfaceshear
Flowpathlines

Highlights regionswithpoor
flushing
Mayimplybuildupofcuttingson
bit
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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

StagnationRegions

2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

Stressontheteeth
Extrasectionsaddedtogivefrictionbodyforceoncutting
surfaces
Distortionofbitmostevidentonendofthethinner
(unsupported)teeth

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

ModelingDrillStringBehavior
Lateralvibrationcancausefatigue
failure,excessivewear,andMWD
toolfailures
Resultsfromdrillcollareccentricity
Understandeffectivelengthof
string
Modalanalysistounderstand
naturalmodelsandfrequencies

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

ModelingDrillStringBehavior
CAEcanhelptominimizeexcessivelateral
displacementofDrillString

DeterminingthefreelengthoftheDrillstring
Determininglateralnaturalmodesand

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frequenciesoftheeffectiveDrillstring
IdentifyingLargebendingstresspointinthe
BHAandotherparts
Generatinglateraldisplacementtrajectories
atvariouslocations

2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

Jama Zare and colleagues ( Petroleum University of

Technology)

WallFunctionsforPorousMedia
Fluidflowinboreholes
Fluidflowalongaporouswall
Useofwallfunctionsrecommended
forwallboundaryconditions

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

PorousMediaModel
Theporousmediamodelcanbeusedforawidevarietyof
problems,including
flowsthroughpackedbeds
perforatedplates
flowdistributors
Porous
Inflow
Outflow
Media
tubebanks
rockformations
Inporouszones,pressurelossintheflowisdeterminedviauser
inputsofresistancecoefficients
Inlaminarflowsthroughporousmedia,thepressuredropis
typicallyproportionaltovelocityand/orvelocity2
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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

CaseStudy
TheCase
Heterogeneouslayeredoilreservoir
Reservoirpressure2.7107 Pa(~3916psi)
Reservoirtemperature90C(~194F)
Density~827kg/m3 &Viscosity~0.0025kg/ms
TheObjective
Selectingtheoptimumwelldrainagearchitectureusing
detailednearwellboremodelling
TheOptions
Verticalwellwithproppedfracture&perforations
Deviatedwellwithproppedfracture&perforations
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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

CaseStudy:VerticalWell
Basecase

PerforationsinS1andS5zones
PoordrainagefromthecentreS3zone

Pressure Profile (Pa)

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

CaseStudy:VerticalWell
Perforations+Fracture@S3layer
Inflowcapacityincreased~60%comparedwiththeperforation
onlyoption

Pressure Profile (Pa)

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

CaseStudy:DeviatedWell
Perforations+S3Fracture
Wellproductionisaround20%to30%lessthanexpectedfor
theverticalwell

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

Perforation
Perforation helpscreateaholeinthecasingthroughthecementandintothe
formationtoformachannelfortheoilandgastoflowfromtheproducing
formationintothewellbore.
PurposesofPerforation

Creatingachannelbetweenthepayzoneandthewellbore.
Causeoilandgastoflowtothewellboreeasily.
futurestimulation.example:Hydraulicfracturing

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

JetPerforation
Itusesshapedchargescontainedinaperforatinggun
assembly.
Shaped charge formation

Gunassemblyisplacedinwireline,tubingorcoiledtubing,
dependingontheapplicationandthewellbore
conditions.
Highpressurejetwillpenetratesthecasingorlinerto
shootintothereservoirformationtoformchannels.

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

Jetperforationdesignchallenges
Thedynamicinteractionsbetweenthe
explosive,explosiveproducts,base
plate,confinementandlinerpresent
achallengingproblem.
Thelinerundergoessevere,yet
controlled,plasticdeformation
withoutbreaking.
Thejetpathisverysensitivetothe
explosivelydrivenloadingpressures.

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

ProECADModelofPerforatingGun
ImportedintoWorkbench
ProE CAD Model
of Perforating
Gun Imported
into Workbench

Showing Liner
Only

Courtesy of

Schlumberger

Single Shaped Charge Cross-Section

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

SingleShapedChargeModelandJet
FormationSimulation
2D Axisymmetric Shaped Charge Model set up

2D Shaped Charge Simulation of the

Jet Formation (explosive not visible)

Courtesy of
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Schlumberger

2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

2DShapedChargeJetRemappedinto3D
Side View

Top View

Iso View
Courtesy of
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Schlumberger

2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

3D Simulation of a section of the Penetrator

Gun 6 jets (4 shown)

ShapeChargeJetpenetratesRock

Shear Damage: Damage is assumed to accumulate due to inelastic deviatoric

straining (shear induced cracking) using the relationships

Damage evolution
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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011

Summary
DrillingandCompletionhasseveralchallenges

Harshandremoteenvironment
Severalcomponentsthatneedtoworkseamlesslyinthisharshenvironment.
CAEcanhelp

Analyzethebehaviorofyourcomponentsinthisharshandoftenremoteenvironment

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2011ANSYS,Inc.

September8,2011