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OSIModelLayersinComputerNetworksPDF|BankExamsToday

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Publishedon7/18/201502:27:00PM

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OSIModelisanimportanttopicforcomputerawarenesssectionofbankingexams.Today
Iamgoingtoexplainthisconceptinsimplelanguage.

OSI

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OSIstandsforOpenSystemInterconnectionModel(OSIModel).
Itusetotransferdataoveranetworkwhichmovesthroughdifferentlayer.
Ithas7layerwhichdividedintotwolevel:upperorhost&lowerormedialevel
datamovesthroughdifferentstageslike(inascendingorder)
bits,frames,packets,segments.

WorkingofOSI

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1. Physicallayer:
Preparethephysicaldevicesenablingdevicesfortransmissionofdataanddata
isreceived.
Itisresponsibleforestablishandterminationofconnectionbetweentwonodes
overanetwork.
Itdefinesthemediumoftransmissionofdatalike:simple(oneway
transmission,egt.v),halfduplex(twowaytransmissionbutpartially,eg:walki
talki),fullduplex(Twowaytransmissionofdata,eg:mobileorphone)

2.DatalinkLayer:
Itprovidespermissiontodevicesforgainaccesstodata.Itcontrollingdevices
overanetwrork.
DataissenttoNetworklayerintheformofpacketsanditisresponsible
tocontrolserrorcheckingandpacketsynchronization.
3.Networklayer:
Inanetworkeachnode(computer)hasauniqueaddressherenetworklayeris
responsibleforlettingthedatatoitsdestinationaddressornode.
Itsplitsthedataormessageintoseveralfragments,deliveringeachfragmentby
aseparaterouteandreassemblingthefragments,reportdeliveryerrors,etc.(like
phonecallswhichyoumade,firstitsoundslikebeepthatisasecondwhichit
taketoyoutoconnectwithavailableline.)
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4.Transportlayer:
Itmanagesconnectionandhandleerrorswhiledeliveringofdataormessage
overanetwork.
Featurename

TP0

TP1

TP2

TP3

Connectionorientednetwork

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Connectionlessnetwork

No

No

No

Yes

Concatenationandseparation

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Segmentationandreassembly

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Errorrecovery

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Reinitiateconnection(a)

No

Yes

No

No

Multiplexing/demultiplexingoversinglevirtualcircuit

No

No

Yes

Yes

Explicitflowcontrol

No

No

Yes

Yes

Retransmissionontimeout

No

No

No

Yes

Reliabletransportservice

No

Yes

No

Yes

(a)IfanexcessivenumberofPDUsareunacknowledged.

5.Sessionlayer:
Itstarts,managesandstoptheconnectionbetweennodes.
Itprovidescheckpointing,adjournment,termination,andrestartprocedures.
6.Presentationlayer:
Itencryptthemessageordataandprovidetoapplicationlayer.
7.Applicationlayer:
Itinteractwithsoftware.
SomeexampleofApplicationlayer:WebBrowser,Mails

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