Enterprise Resource

Planning
(Enterprise Solution Management)

Dr.P.Rizwan Ahmed,MCA.,M.Sc.,M.A.,M.Phil.,Ph.D,
Head of the Department
Department of Computer Applications &
Post Graduate Department of Information Technology
Mazharul Uloom College, Ambur 635 802,
Tamil Nadu, INDIA.

Contents

Chapter -1
Enterprise Resource Planning: An Introduction
1.1 Introduction to Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
1.2 A Brief History of ERP
1.3 Evolution of ERP
1.4 What is ERP?
1.5 What is ERP Systems, ERP Software?
1.6 Components of ERP
1.7 The Business Value of ERP
1.8 Need for ERP
1.9 Functions of ERP
1.10 Role of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
1.11 Characteristics of ERP
1.12 Importance of ERP
1.13 Features of ERP
1.14 Why Companies Undertake ERP
1.15 Benefits of ERP
1.16 Risk and Governance Issues in an ERP
1.17 Benefits of ERP Software
1.18 Benefits of ERP System
1.19 Tangible and Intangible Benefits of ERP
1.20 Limitations of ERP Systems
1.21 Advantages of ERP Systems
1.22 Disadvantages of ERP Systems
1.23 ERP vs Traditional Information Systems
1.24 ERP: Competitive Advantage
1.25 Basic Constituents of ERP
1.26 ERP Software Selection Criteria
1.27 Procurement process for ERP Package
1.27.1 Types of E-Procurement
1.28 Hidden Costs of ERP
1.29 Suppliers of ERP
Summary
Review Questions
References
Chapter 2
Business Functions and Business Processes
2.1 Introduction to Business Processes
2.2 Definition of Business Process

2.3 Basic Concepts of Business Processes

2.4 Dimensions of Business Process
2.5 Common Business Processes in an Organization
2.6 Business Processes versus Business Functions
2.7 Functional Areas and Business Processes
2.7.1 Functional Areas of Operations
2.7.1.1 Business Functions of Different Functional Areas:
2.8 Business Process
2.8.1 Functional Areas and Business Processes of a Very Small
Business
2.8.1.1 Marketing and Sales
2.8.1.2 Supply Chain Management
2.8.1.3 Accounting and Finance
2.8.1.4 Human Resources
2.9 Functional Area Information Systems
Summary
Review Questions
References
Chapter 3
Development of ERP Systems
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Evolution of Information Systems
3.2.1 Computer Hardware and Software Development
3.2.2 The Manufacturing Roots of ERP
3.3 SAP and R/3
3.4 New Directions in ERP
3.4.1 PeopleSoft
3.4.2 Oracle
3.5 SAP ERP
3.5.1 Features of SAP ERP
Summary
Review Questions
References
Chapter 4
ERP and related technologies
4.1 Introduction to Business process reengineering (BPR)
4.2 Objectives of BPR
4.3 What is Business Process Reengineering (BPR)?
4.4 Elements of Business Re-Engineering
4.5 Challenges in a BPR
4.6 Critical Success Factors in BPR
4.7 Critical Failure Factors in BPR
4.8 Difference between BPR and ERP
4.9Management Information System (MIS)

4.9.1 Definition of MIS

4.9.2 Evolution of MIS
4.9.3 Objectives of MIS
4.9.4 Why Management Information System?
4.9.5 Advantages of MIS
4.9.6 Characteristics of MIS
4.9.7 Role of MIS
4.9.8 Uses of MIS
4.9.9 Limitations of MIS
4.10 Decision Support System (DSS)
4.10.1 Benefits of DSS
4.11 Executive Information Systems (EIS)
4.11.1 Characteristics of the Executive Information System (EIS
4.11.2 Benefits of Executive Information System (EIS)
4.11.3 Advantages of EIS
4.11.4 Disadvantage of EIS
4.12 Manufacturing Execution System (MES)
4.12.1 Benefits of Manufacturing Execution System (MES)
4.13 Data Warehousing
4.13.1 Definition
4.13.2 Data in the Data Warehouse / Characteristics of Data
Warehouse
4.13.3 Benefits of Data Warehousing
4.13.4 Future of data warehouse
4.13.5 Limitations of Data Warehouse
4.13.6 Applications of Data Warehousing
4.13.7 Advantages of Data Warehousing
4.14 Data Mining
4.14.1 Why Data Mining
4.14.2 Uses of Data Mining
4.15 On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP)
4.15.1 Features of OLAP
4.15.2 Types of OLAP
4.16 Supply Chain Management (SCM)
4.16.1 What is Supply Chain Management (SCM)?
4.16.2 Objectives of Supply Chain Management (SCM)
4.16.3 Processes of Supply Chain Management
4.16.4 Challenges of SCM
4.16.5 Different Links in the Supply Chain
4.16.6 Levels of Activities in the Supply Chain
4.16.7 Benefits of Supply Chain Management (SCM)
4.16.8 Difference between ERP and SCM
Summary
Review Questions
References

Chapter 5
5.1 Functional Modules of ERP Software
Summary
Review Questions
References

ERP Functional Module

Chapter 6
ERP Implementation of Life Cycle
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Objectives of ERP Implementation
6.3 Different Phases of ERP Implementation
6.3.1. Pre-Evaluation Screening
6.3.2. Package Evaluation
6.3.3. Project Planning Phase
6.3.4. Gap Analysis
6.3.5. Reengineering
6.3.6. Configuration
6.3.7. Implementation Team Training
6.3.8. Testing
6.3.9. Going Live
6.3.10. End-User Training
6.3.11. Post-Implementation (Maintenance Mode)
Summary
Review Questions
References

Chapter7 Marketing Information System and sales order process in

ERP
7.1 Introduction to Marketing Information System
7.2 Importance of Marketing Information System
7.3 Features of Marketing Information System (MKIS)
7.4 Sales and Distribution in ERP
7.4.1 SAP ERP Sales Process Events
7.4.1.1 Pre-sales activities
7.4.1.2 Sales Order Processing
7.4.1.3 Inventory Sourcing
7.4.1.4 Delivery
7.4.1.5 Billing
7.4.1.6 Payment
7.5 Sales Order Process in ERP
Summary
Review Questions
References

Chapter 8
Customer Relationship Management(CRM)
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Definition
8.3 Importance of Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
8.4 Phases of CRM
8.5 Challenges of CRM
8.6 Characteristics of Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
8.7 Benefits of CRM
8.8 Uses of CRM
8.9 Advantages of CRM
8.10 CRM Software
8.11 Limitations of CRM
Summary
Review Questions
References
Chapter 9
9.1 What is SAP?
9.2 Why SAP is used
9.3 What is the R/3 System?
9.4 History of the R/3 System
9.5 The Technical Architecture of R/3 System
9.6 Examples of servers
9.7 Features of R/3 basis architecture
9.8 R/3 Configurations
9.9 Network Communication
9.10 Services provided by the R/3 system
9.11 R/3 Applications Overview
9.12 The Sales and Distribution Module (SD)
9.13 SAP Basics
9.14 Base Transaction Codes
9.15 The Structure of SAP SD Master Data
Summary
Review Questions
References

SAP: An Introduction

Chapter 10
Production and SCM Information Systems
10.1 Production Overview
10.2 Production Planning Process
10.3 SAP R/3 Approach to Production Planning
10.4 Sales forecasting
10.5 Sales and Operations Planning

10.6 Demand Management

10.7 Materials Requirements Planning (MRP)
10.7.1 Limitations of MRP
10.7.2 Bill of Material (BOM)
10.7.3 Lead Times and Lot Sizing
10.7.4 MRP Process
10.8 Material Requirement Planning in SAP ERP
10.9 ERP and Supplier
10.10 Supply Chains
10.11 Production Planning Module
10.12 Production Planning Activities
Summary
Review Questions
References
Chapter 11
Accounting in ERP
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Accounting Activities
11.2.1 Financial Accounting
11.2.2 Managerial Accounting
11.3 Using ERP for Accounting Information
11.4 Operational Decision-Making Problem: Credit Management
11.5 Industrial Credit Management
11. 6 Credit Management is SAP R/3
11.7Product Profitability Analysis
11.8 Management Reporting
11.9 Management Reporting with ERP Systems
11.10 Document Flow for Customer Service
11.11 Difference between ERP and Accounting Software
Summary
Review Questions
References
Chapter 12
Human Resource Process in ERP
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Responsibility of HR Department
12.3 HR Process with ERP
12.4 Advance HR Features
12.4.1 Time Management
12.4.2 Payroll
12.4.3 Travel Management
12.4.4 Training and Development
12.5 New HR Features of SAP R/3
Summary
Review Questions

References

Chapter 13
Management by Objectives (MBO)
13.1 Introduction
13.2 What is Management by Objectives (MBO)?
13.3 Features of Management by Objectives (MBO)
13.4 The Process of Management by Objectives (MBO)
13.5 Characteristics of MBO
13.6 Benefits of MBO
13.7 Advantages / Merits of Management by Objectives (MBO)
13.8 Disadvantages / Demerits of Management by Objectives (MBO)
Summary
Review Questions
References
Chapter 14
Overview of System Packages
14.1 Introduction
14.2 SAP AG
14.2.1. Products and technology
14.2.2. R/3 An Overview
14.2.2.a. The R/3 Systems
14.2.2.b. R/3 Modules
14.2.3. SAP Advantages
14.3. BAAN COMPANY
14.3.1. Products and technology
14.3.2. Baan ERP Modules
14.4 Oracle Corporation
14.4.1. Technology
14.4.2. Oracle Applications
14.5. PEOPLESOFT
14.5.1. Business Management solutions
14.5.2. Commercial
14.6 JD.Edwards World Solution Company
14.6.1. Technology
14.7 System Software Associates inc. (SSA)
14.8 QAD
14.8.1. Products
14.9 Oracle ERP Applications
Summary
Review Questions
References
Chapter 15

Extended ERP

15.1 Introduction
15.2 Extended ERP
15.3 ERP, ERPII, ERPIII
15.4 Difference between ERP and ERPII
Summary
Review Questions
References
Chapter 16
16.1 ERP Case Studies

Appendix A; Questions and Answers

Appendix B: Past University Question Papers
Appendix C: Past University Solved Question Papers

Case Studies