TUGAS

TERMODINAMIKA TEKNIK KIMIA 1

Oleh :

Afif Aulia Fauzan

(14/367285/TK/42442)

Alfi Ria Rusdiyanto

(14/367065/TK/42317)

Ardyanto Wijaya

(14/363530/TK/41635)

Didan Prasiasda Priadana (14/363460/TK/41577)

Mentari Cahyanindita

(14/363227/TK/41407)

Thya Laurencia Benedita A

(14/363368/TK/41515)

Tomi Nofianto

(14/363442/TK/41563)

3.1.
Express the volume expansivity and the isothermal compressibility
as functions of density p and its partial derivatives. For water at 323.15 K
(50C) and 1 bar, K = 44.18 x 10-6
bar-'. To what pressure must water be compressed at 323.15 K (50C) to
change its
density by 1 %? Assume that K is independent of P ?
ANSWER :
Water : Isothermal
T = 50

(konstan)

P1 = 1 bar
2=1,01 1

ln

V2
= ( T 2T 1 ) k ( P 2P 1)
V1

T =0

V 2 1
=
V 1 2
ln

1
=k (P 2P 1)
2
ln

1
=44,18.106 .( P 21)
1,01 2

P2 = 226,2 bar

3.11. The environmental lapse rate dT/dz characterizes the local variation
of temperature
with elevation in the earth's atmosphere. Atmospheric pressure varies
with elevation
according to the hydrostatic formula,

dP
Mg
dz

where M is molar mass, p is molar density, and g is the local acceleration

of gravity.
Asssume that the atmosphere is an ideal gas, with T related to P by the
polytropic
formula, Eq. (3.34~)D. evelop an expression for the environmental lapse
rate in relation
to M, g, R, and 6
ANSWER :

nRT
T
d z
nRd z

dP
V
V C nRM

t
dz
dz
dz
P
3.21. An ideal gas flows through a horizontal tube at steady state. No heat
is added and no shaft work is done. The cross-sectional area of the tube
changes with length, and this causes the velocity to change. Derive an
equation relating the temperature to the velocity of the gas. If nitrogen at
423.15 K (150C) flows past one section of the tube at a velocity of 2.5 m
s-', what is its temperature at another section where its velocity is 50 m
s-'? Let Cp = (7/2)R
ANSWER :
H = Cp . T
1
- 2 u =

T = -

7R
2 Mr

u 22u21
14 R
=-

T2

T1 -

T2

. 2Mr
2

T 2 T 1

. T

u 2u1
14 R
u 22u21
14 R

= 423.15 -

. 2Mr

. 2Mr

50 22.52
14 . R

. 2 . 28

T2

= 421.95 K

3.41. Estimate the following:

(a) The volume occupied by 18 kg of ethylene at 328.15 K (55C)
and 35 bar.
(b) The mass of ethylene contained in a 0.25-m3 cylinder at 323.15
K (50C) and 115 bar.
ANSWER :
a) Mr etilen =28 g/mol
18 kg etilene =18.000/28 mol =642,86 mol
Sehingga P= 35 bar, T= 328,15K, n=642,86mol
PV= n R T
V= n R T/P
= (642,86mol)(8,314J/mol)(328,15K)/(3500000Pa)
= 0,5011 m3
b) Etilen
V = 0,25 m3
T = 323,15 K
P = 115 bar =115000Pa
PV= n R T
n = P V /RT
= (11500000Pa)(0,25m3)/(8,314J/mol)(323,15K)
=1070,10mol
Massa = n(MR)
= (1070,10mol)(28g/mol)
=29962,75 gram
3.51. A rigid vessel, filled to one-half its volume with liquid nitrogen at its
normal boiling point, is allowed to warm to 298.15 K (25C). What
pressure is developed? The molar volume of liquid nitrogen at its normal
boiling point is 34.7 cm3 mol-'.
ANSWER :
Basis : 1 mol of LIQUID nitrogen

Tn = 77.3 KTc = 126.2 K

Tr =

Tn
Tc

Tr = 0.613

P = 1 atm Pc = 34.0 bar

Tr =

Pr
Pn

Pr = 0.03

=0.038 BM = 28.014 gm/mol

B0 = 0.083 -

Vliq = 34.7 cm3

0.422
0.457

B0 = -0.842
B1 = 0.319 -

0.172
0.128

B1 = -1.024
Z= 1 (B0 +

Pr
Tr

.B1)

Z = 0.957
P . Vliq
PZ . R . Tn

nvapor =

= 5.718 x 10-3 mol

ntotal = 1 mol + nvapor = (1 + 5.718 x 10-3 ) mol

V=

2. Vliq
ntotal

= 69.005 cm3 /mol

T = 25 o C +273,15 o C = 29815 K
Tr =

Pig =

T
Tc
RT
V

= 2.363

= 359.2 bar

3.61. Natural gas (assume pure methane) is delivered to a city via

3
pipeline at a volumetric rate of 4 normal Mm per day. Average delivery
conditions are 283.15 K (10C) and 20.7 bar. Determine:
(a) The volumetric delivery rate in actual m3 per day.
(b) The molar delivery rate in krnol per hour.

(c) The gas velocity at delivery conditions in m s-'. The pipe is 600
mm heavy duty steel with an inside diameter of 575 mm. Normal
conditions are 273.15 K (PC) and 1 atm.
ANSWER :
Diketahui :
Volume flow rate = 150x106 ft3/day
T = 50oC = 283,15K
Pabs = 300psia =20,6482 bar
L = 20 m
d = 22,624 m
Standard condition
60oF = 288,71K
1 atm = 1,0133 bar
a) Q dalam actual ft3/day
z=zo+Wz
Pr
Pr
z=1+Bo Tr +WB1 Tr
0,422
Bo=0,083- Tr 1,6
B0=-0,1411
B=0,129-

0,1722
Tr 1,6

B= 0,1063
Pr
Pr
z=1+Bo Tr +WB1 Tr
0,4498
0,4498
= 1+(-0,1411) 1,4351 +0,012.0,1063. 1,4351
= 0,9577
PV
Z= RT
0,9577=

20,6842.V 2
83,14.283,15

V2=1089,977cm3/mol
Standard Condition
z=z0+Wz

Pc=45,99 bar
Tc=190,66K
Pr=0,4498bar
Tr=1,4851bar
W=0,012

Pr
z=1+Bo Tr +WB1
0,422
Bo=0,083- Tr 1,6
= 0,0602

0,172
B1=0,139- Tr 4,2
=0,1389
Pr
z=1+Bo Tr +WB1
0,0220
0,0220
z=1+0,607 0,2772 +0,012.0,1389. 0,2772
= 1,0002
Z=

PV
RT

1,0133.V 2
1,0002= 83,14.288,71
V2=23693,0327cm3/mol
q2
V2
=
q1
V1
q2
1089,977
6 =
23693,0327
150.10
q2=6900617,248 ft3/day
q1
b) n1= V 1
6

150.10
23693,0327

= 7,469x103 Kmol/hr
c) v=

q2
A
6900617,248
( phi )
2
(22,624)
4

= 8,738 m/s