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A plan is typically any diagram or list of steps with timing and resources, used to achieve an objective. It is
commonly understood as a temporal set of intended actions through which one expects to achieve a goal.
What is a Planning Scheme?
The Planning Scheme sets out the dos and donts in terms of how the Shire is to be developed. It aims to protect
all that the Shire is recognized for and at the same time allow it to grow and prosper as other people discover what
Mansfield has to offer.
The Planning Scheme needs to be flexible enough to protect the very reason people are attracted to the region
and at the same time, facilitate the ability for more people to experience the lifestyle on offer.
Exterior with Symmetry or Monumentality
-Plan balanced about a central axis
Informal Massing
-More free flowing
-Regardless of the complexity of plans, they may be reduced to simple geometrical shapes (circles, squares, etc.)
AXIAL ARRANGEMENTS

1. Relating to, characterized by, or forming an axis.

2. Located on, around, or in the direction of an axis
Axis is determined by the relative importance of sides which bound the plan
Major axis carried through the mass as one enters the building; perpendicular to the main elevation and
to the directional quality of the area location of entrance is more important than shape.
Transverse major axis cuts through the shorter direction
Longitudinal major axis cuts through the longer direction
Principal Minor Axis- extends at right angle from the major axis; parallel to the main elevation.
In complex plans, the parts may group around several minor axes which show the direction of the units.
PRINCIPLES
ORGANIC PLANS all parts must fit together in such a way that the composition will be disturbed if one
element is moved.
EMPHASIS - special forcefulness of expression that gives importance to something singled out; stress.
Created by contrast in size, shape, character, etc.
Emphasized activity = emphasized area in the plan.
(ex. Elements imparting rhythm and point to a monument in the center)
SECONDARY PRINCIPLES
1.Repetition when a number of room, windows, arches, etc. of equal size and shape occur side by side to create
unaccented rhythm.
2.Alternation alternating varying sizes or contrasting shapes
3.Transition a satisfactory progression from one unit to another such as vestibules, lobbies; gives preparatory indication
of the character and use of the interior.
4.Transformation a prototypical architectural model whose formal structure and ordering are appropriate is transformed
through a series of discreet manipulations to respond to specific conditions and context.
Requires that the principle of the prototypical model is understood so that the design concept is maintained even
after permutation.

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FORMAL COLLISIONS OF GEOMETRY
Situation:
Two forms with different orientation and geometry collide and penetrate each others boundaries (also: borders,
limitation, edges, etc.)
Resultant forms:
Two forms can subvert their individual identities and to merge create a new composite form.
One of the two forms can receive the other totally within its volume.
The two forms can retain their individual identities and share the interlocking portion of their volumes.
The two forms can separate and be linked by a third element that recalls the geometry of one of the original forms.

THE ARTICULATION OF FORM

Articulation - in art and architecture, is a method of styling the joints in the formal elements of architectural

design. Through degrees of articulation, each part is united with the whole work by means of a joint in such a way
that the joined parts are put together in styles ranging from exceptionally distinct jointing to the opposite of high
articulationfluidity and continuity of joining. In highly articulated works, each part is defined precisely and stands out
clearly. The articulation of a building reveals how the parts fit into the whole by emphasizing each part separately.
Continuity and fusion
The opposite of distinct articulation is continuity and fusion which reduces the separateness of the parts.
Distinct articulation emphasizes the "strategic break" while the articulation of continuity concentrates on smooth
transitions. Continuity (or fusion) reduces the independence of the elements and focuses on the largest element of
the whole, while reducing focus on the other independent elements.
Articulation and space
Architecture is said to be the art of the articulation of spaces. And geometry is the architect's basic tool, but it
is not the architect's system of communication. That system is the defining of object in the surrounding space.
Articulation is the geometry of form and space.

EXAMPLES:

Romanesque architecture
Vertical wall articulation set Romanesque churches apart from their predecessors.
Dividing the church height into bays using pilasters gave the interior space a new vertical unity.
It also added a new three dimensional vision by using the horizontal line of
the arcade and clerestory. The use of the compound pier allowed the wall columns to rise
together with other shafts supporting walls such those supporting arches and aisle vaults into three or more levels.

Mainz Cathedral - three internal wall elevations

Sydney Opera House

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This structure is a combination of both articulation and fusion styles. Although the "wings"

of

the opera house stand articulated from the whole, within the wings the ribs of the structure have
been fused, or made continuous, by covering the structure with a smooth surface. The smooth
covering creates in the process other, larger symbolic forms in rhythmic succession on the roof.
Ribs under the "wings" of Sydney Opera House

The result here is sensuous, related to both earth and sky, as the fused forms are more natural in form than are sharp
angles with strong definition. The sharper forms, the result of the smooth surface fusion, intrude with sharp
articulation into the sky.
Casa da Msica
The design of Casa da Msica in Portugal produced a building in which the formal
intellectual underpinning is equaled by the continuity, the fusion of forms, in its attempt to
achieve sensual beauty. Its emotionality comes through in its exuberant external design
where articulation in structure has been overwhelmed by continuity and fusion.
Continuity in design for exuberance - Casa da Msica

Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

In this structure, fusion and continuity dominate over articulation. The organically shaped curves on
the building have been designed to appear random. According to the architect, "the randomness of
the curves is designed to catch the light".Thus there is an interaction between space (environment)
and form.
Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Articulation vs. continuity

The articulated form emphasizes the building's distinct parts. Articulation accentuates the visible aspect of
the different parts of a building. Sometimes the effect completely obscures the sense of the whole, breaking it down
into too many pieces, but in most cases the articulation expresses a balance between the two. The result is often a
potential sensuality, as the fused forms are closer to the form of the human body than are sharp angles with strong
definition. A highly articulated art form expresses its culture's sense of it place in the world. In architecture spacial
organization or articulation shows the following uses:
Uses of articulation
Movement and circulation

Telstra Dome

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Uses and accessibility

Forbidden Palace

Sequence and succession

Moorish architecture - Mezquita

Symbolism and meaning

Sydney Opera House

An articulated form clearly reveals the edges of its surfaces and the corners at which they meet. Its surfaces
appear as planes with distinct shape; their configuration is legible and easily perceived.
Ways by which forms and its surfaces planes may be articulated.
Edges - A thin, sharpened side, as of the blade of a cutting instrument.
Corners - The position at which two lines, surfaces, or edges meet and form an angle. (ex. the four corners
of a rectangle.)
Surfaces - The outer or the topmost boundary of an object.
- A material layer constituting such a boundary.
How corners define the meeting o two planes.
1. By introducing another element.
2. By introducing another opening.
Additive
3. By cutting the planes that define the corner
4. By rounding off the corners.
Subtractive

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