Sufficiently resonant he returns to it day after day.
While it is ordinarily the male that
drums, I once observed a female drumming. I told her that she was a bold minx and ought to be ashamed of her- self; but within twenty minutes she had, drummed up two redcapped suitors who chased each other about with great animosity, so her performance was evidently not considered improper in woodpecker society. I have watched a rival pair of male downies fight for hours at a time, but their duel was of the French brand much fuss and no bloodshed. They advanced, upon each other with much haughty glaring and many scornful bobs of the head, but when they were sufficiently near to stab each other they beat a mutual and circumspect retreat. The hairy woodpecker is fully one-third larger than the downy, measuring nine inches from tip of beak to tip of tail, while the downy measures only about six inches. The tail feathers at the side are white for the entire length, while they are barred at the tips in the downy. There is a black parting through the middle of the red patch on the back of the hairys head. The two species are so much alike that it is difficult for the beginner to tell them apart. Their habits are very similar, except that the hairy lives in the woods and is not trunk? So commonly seen in orchards or on shade trees. The food of the hairy is much like that of the downy; it is, therefore, a beneficial bird and should be protected. Leaflet 55; Bird Stories from Burroughs, by John Burroughs; Mother Nature Series, by Fannie W. Dunn and Eleanor Troxell, Books 3, In Field and Forest; Nature and Science Readers, by Edith M. Patch and Harrison E. Howe, Book I, Hunting, Book 2, Outdoor Visits; also, readings on pages 28-29. Heselson (10). Ivatury et al. (11) reported laparoscopy to have a 100% specificity and 18% sensitivity. The main advantages of laparoscopy are: diagnosis,, of peritoneal penetration, bleeding, solid organ injury or diaphragmatic injury, and additional therapeutic availability. The limitations are in diagnosing hollow. Viscus and retroperitoneal injuries (12). Main indications for laparoscopy are: hemodynamically stable patients, thoraco-abdominal stab wounds, anterior or flank stab wounds without obvious indications for laparotomy, and abdominal stab wounds with omental herniation (13). General anesthesia is favored usually for laparoscopic examination, but some centers prefer local anesthesia supplemented with intravenous midozolam or morphine. We also performed our first consecutive 45 cases with local anesthesia in the beginning, but now we prefer general anesthesia due to better patient tolerance. Scopes ranging 2 to 10 mm are used in this context, but the best view and results are with 10 mm scopes. In general 0o telescopes are in use, but in tangential and lateral wounds 30 telescopes give better results. In general 0o telescopes are in use, but in tangential and lateral wounds 30 telescopes give better results. The surgeon has to be aware of the potential complications of laparoscopy such as; tension pneumothorax, gas embolism, hemodynamic compromise, iatrogenic injuries, missed viscus perforations, extraperitoneal insufflation and anesthetic complications The main advantage Of VATS are: evaluation of the lung, diaphragm, mediastinum, chest wall, and pericardium and its therapeutic availability. It is an expensive modality, necessitating operating room facilities. It is mentioned to be more effective to evacuate clotted hemothorax and prevent empyema formation (14). Woodpecker remains with us all winter, feeding upon insects that are wintering in crevices and beneath the bark of our trees. It is fitted especially by shape of beak, tongue, feet, and tail to get such food and is a friend in need to our forest, shade, and orchard.