ISSN (Online) : 2278-1021

ISSN (Print) : 2319-5940

International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering
Vol. 3, Issue 6, June 2014

Design a multiband Rectangular ring antenna

using DGS for WLAN, WiMAX Applications
Gurbaz singh1, Jaswinder Kaur2
Student, Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Thapar University, Patiala, India1
Lecturer, Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Thapar University, Patiala, India 2
Abstract:The proposed antenna presents the design and analysis of triple rectangular ring antenna with Defected
Ground Structure (DGS). The antenna used DGS to reduce the size of antenna. In this paper antenna enhance its
performance in the area of WiMAX, WLAN and IMT band. The range of band (2.55-3.82 GHz), (4.84-6.0 GHz) and
(7.01-7.30 GHz). This design represents multi band frequency with wide band width and better return loss due to DGS
effect. In this design patch is made in the shape of rectangular ring and using FR-4 substrates with dielectric constant of
4.4 and tangent loss 0.0009 respectively. The Design is simulated with the help of Computer Simulation Technology
Microwave Studio Version 10.0 (CST MWS V10.0). The design and performance are studied in term of improved
return loss and band width.
Keyword: Rectangular ring, Defected Ground Structure, Multiband, Wideband, Multiband, WLAN/WiMAX.
I.
INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the micro strip patch antenna is used in
wireless communication system. Micro strip patch antenna
used due to its properties like a low profile, light weight
and easy to fabricate [1]. The microstrip patch antenna has
a narrow bandwidth, typically 5% of center frequency and
half space radiation [2]. They have many method applied
in microstrip patch antenna like a high permittivity using
dielectric substrate, gap in patch and defect in ground
plane. The electromagnetic band gap (EBG) and photonic
band gap (PBG) using they improve the performance of
radiation pattern and surface wave propagation then
increasing the gain of antenna.

paper triple rectangular ring microstrip antenna is

proposed to analysis the parameter such as voltage
standing wave (VSWR), current distribution and return
loss of antenna.
II.
ANTENNA DESIGN
In this proposed antenna we using FR-4 substrate and
dielectric constant r= 4.4 and tangent loss =0.0009 in
this antenna defected ground plane and rectangular rings
are connected to the bridge the dimension specification of
the rectangular ring microstrip patch antenna is list in
Table I. Design specification

Defected ground structure have been proposed and applied

in microstrip patch antenna. In this proposed antenna using
defected ground structure means resonant gap or slot in the
ground plane. The slot in ground plane improves the
performance of antenna and reduces the size of antenna.
There are variety of slot cut in the ground plane like
rectangular shape, H-shape, t-shape and I-shape. The DGS
Structures perturb and spread in ground plane which
influence the current flow in antenna. This proposed
antenna is Omni directional and the bandwidth of this
antenna is suitable for various frequency bands. This
designed antenna fulfill the requirement of areas like
industrial, scientific and medical [ISM].The Omni
directional antenna having less gain and then cover the
more area and increasing the capacity of receiving signal
in multipath direction[3].This type of antenna is most In this antenna using some equations to design the patch,
useful in wireless communication. Omni direction antenna the resonant frequency (fr) The length of patch and width
the RF wave in radiated in one direction and the absent the of patch expressed as [4];
1
360 horizontal pattern.
r 1 r 1
h 2
In this proposed antenna defected ground structure applied
in the ground plane and embedded gap in ground plane.
Antenna has rectangular ring work as a patch and the
defect in the ground plane which reduces the size of
antenna and harmonics in ground plane. This design
covers the WLAN, WiMAX, IMT and X bands. In this
Copyright to IJARCCE

reff

wp

www.ijarcce.com

[1 12

2 fr

r 1

wp

(1)

(2)
6899

ISSN (Online) : 2278-1021

ISSN (Print) : 2319-5940
International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering
Vol. 3, Issue 6, June 2014

Lp

2L

2 fr reff

(3)

h(0.412)( reff 0.3)(

( reff 0.3)(

wp

wp

0.264)

h
0.8)

(4)

Fig. 3. Simulated design of the antenna

A.

RETURN LOSS

Fig. 4. Plot of return loss vs. frequency

(1)

(2)
Fig. 1: Front view and Fig. 2: Bottom view of proposed
antenna

The proposed antenna obtain multiband frequency first

resonate frequency (3.51 GHz) with band width 1267MHz
(2.55-3.85 GHz) and second resonate frequency at (5.48
GHz) with band width at
1150 MHz (4.84-6.00 GHz)
The value of S11 at
3.51 GHz is around -34.24 dB and
5.48 GHz is around at -35.81dB and they cover up the
WLAN,WIMAX and IMT band. The third resonate
frequency (7.19 GHz) with band width 290 MHz (7.017.30 GHz) and the S11 is -31.24 dB. This band covers the
X band and which are used in satellite and radar.
B.

VSWR

In this antenna we cut the three rectangular rings show in

fig.1 .we optimize the three rectangular rings to get
required resonant frequency and wide bandwidth. The
length of bridge patches and inner rectangular rings have
been optimized to control the bandwidth of microstrip
antenna and defect in the ground plane give the good
return loss and reduce the harmonics. The width of feed
line is optimizing to obtain 50 characteristics impedance
matching. The nominal length of feed line is optimizing
using this equation [4];
zo

60

reff

ln(

8h w
)
w 4h

(5)
The length of ground plane and length of feed line is same
the defected ground structure etched on ground plane and
located symmetrical with feed line but it cause misleading
50 so it was require to optimizing the width of ground
plane the DGS structure has been applied to improve the
gain and get wide bandwidth [5] and it will discuss at
section III.
III.
SIMULATION AND RESULTS
The following parameters have been observed on
simulating the proposed antenna design using CST
Microwave Studio 2010.
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Fig. 5. VSWR at frequency 3.51 GHz

Fig. 6. VSWR at frequency 5.48 GHz

6900

ISSN (Online) : 2278-1021

ISSN (Print) : 2319-5940
International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering
Vol. 3, Issue 6, June 2014

bridge patch and outer ring of rectangular patch which

effect the lower frequency band in Fig.9 which show the
current distribution at resonate frequency 5.48 GHz which
show the bridge patch and inner most rings are responsible
for the middle band frequency in Fig.10 current
distribution at
7.19 GHz the inner most rings are
responsible for upper band.
Fig. 7. VSWR at frequency at 7.19 GHz

IV.
CONCLUSION
In this paper, multiband WLAN, WiMAX and IMT has
The above Fig.5, Fig.6 and Fig.7 show the proposed
been suggested in which triple rectangular rings have been
antenna VSWR is less than 2 this reason is acceptable
loaded in patch. Antenna performance is obtained by CST
value and there is less power reflected back to source.
microwave studio 2010 have been analyzed. The antenna
gives a wide bandwidth, better return loss adding defect in
C.
CURRENT DISTRIBUTION
ground and optimizing the width of ground we get a good
impedance matching and also reduction in harmonics that
occur during optimization. The future development the
work focusing on implementing the different array patch
technique and different patch shape to optimal the
performance of antenna.
REFERENCES
J. R comparative study of microstrip patch antenna for wireless
communication application, International journal of innovation,
management and technology, vol.1, pp.2010.
[2] M. T. Islam, M. N Shakib , N. Misran and T. S. Sun broadband
microstrip patch antenna, European journal of scientific research,
vol.27, no.2 ,pp.174-180, 2009.
[3] Cisco system, Inc Cisco - wireless, LAN (WLAN), 27 Feb 2007.
[4] B.C.A, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 3rd edition ed..,
Hoboken, new jersey.: A John Wiley & sons,INC.,2005
[5] C. Mouloud, A. Arab and D. Mokrane, Rectangular patch antenna
performances Improvement Employing Slotted Rectangular for
WLAN Application, International journal of computer science
Issues, vol. 8, no.3, pp.254-258, 2011
[6] C. A. Balanis, Antenna theory analysis and design, 2nd edition,
John Wiley & sons, Inc, New York, 1997.
[7] J. kaur, R. Khanna and M. V. Kartikeyan, Comparison of Unslotted and Slotted rectangular MSA for Wireless Applications,
MIT Int. J. Electronics and Comm. Engg , vol. 1, pp. 57-59, 2011.
[8] N. Ahuja, R. Khana and J. Kaur. Dual Band Defected Ground
Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN/WiMax and Satellite
Application, Int. J. Computer Applications pp. 48-22, 2012.
[9] J. Kaur, R. Khanna, and M. V. Kartikeyan, Design of co-axial fed
broadband single layer rectangular microstrip patch antenna for
wireless applications, J. Eng. Technol., vol. 3, pp. 71-75, 2013.
[10] J. Kaur, M. V. Kartikeyan, and R. Khanna, Design of a MultiFrequency Wideband Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5.2/5.5/5.8 GHz
Wireless Applications, presented at the Proceedings of National
Conference on Recent Trends in Microwave Techniques and
Application (MICROWAVE- 2012), Jaipur, Jul 30-Aug 1, 2012.
[11] J Kaur, R Khanna, and M V Kartikeyan, Novel dual-band
multistrip monopole antenna with defected ground structure for
WLAN/IMT/BLUETOOTH/WiMAX applications, Int. J. Microw.
Wireless Technol., vol. 6, pp. 93-100, Feb 2014.
[1]

Fig. 8. Current density at 3.51 GHz

Fig. 9. Current density at 5.48 GHz

Fig. 10. Current density at 7.19 GHz

Current analysis of antenna is shown in figure in fig.8
show current distribution at resonate frequency
3.51
GHz which is lower frequency band that occur due to the
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