Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
AFL-CIO
Agency Fees
member but, due to a union income security clause, is still required to pay a
union as a condition of employment. To read more about union income
security clauses, go here.
Assessment
to their normal dues. While some unions may allow members to vote on
special assessments, other unions may pass assessments on their members
without a direct vote of the affected membership
Blitz
Boycott
Bylaws
A set of union rules that apply to union members at the local union
level. Typically, local union bylaws are a supplemental set of rules to the
international unions constitution. For more information on union
constitutions, go here.
Concessionary Bargaining
accepts (or offers), on behalf of the employees it represents, what are known
as concessions or give-backs. For employees, concessions (or give-backs)
usually translate into lower wages and/or benefits. During the period of
industrial growth in the mid-20th century, concessionary bargaining was not
a common practice. However, beginning in the 1970s through today,
concessionary bargaining has become more and more prevalent during labor
negotiations, as some unions have been willing negotiate lower wages and/or
benefits for their members, for various economic reasons or to avoid a long
and costly labor dispute.
The NLRB has affirmed that: [C]ollective bargaining is potentially hazardous for
employees and that as a result of such negotiations employees might possibly wind up with
less benefits after unionization than before
Contract
Dues
union. Union dues are what a union uses to run its business, to pay its
officers, union staff, their transportation, office buildings, union halls, as well
as other miscellaneous expenses.
collect dues or service fees from the employees it represents by having the
employer deduct that money from the paychecks of employees who
authorize it. The money taken from the employees paychecks is then sent
by the employer directly to the union.
Fees
For example, most union swill charge initiation fees to join the union. Some
unions will charge re-initiation fees, as well as other types of fees such as
transfer fees (to transfer to another local union), withdrawal fees (to become
either an inactive member or to withdraw from the union), etcetera.
Fine
(as in Union Fine) As most unions have rules and regulations that all
Hiring Hall
are primarily found among unions in the construction industry. A union hiring
hall is where a union hires out its members to employers who have work.
Once the work or job assignment is completed, the union member returns to
the hiring hall, places his name on the waiting list to be sent out for other
work.
Note: A unions waiting list of unemployed members is also commonly
referred to as the bench.
Impasse
party will make further movement and no agreement has been reached,
either party may declare that an impasse has occurred.
In fact, the United States Supreme Court has stated: Indeed, as a general
matter, labor law often limits employers to four options at impasse: (1)
maintain the status quo, (2) implement their last offer, (3) lock out their
workers (and either shut down or hire temporary replacements), or (4)
negotiate separate interim agreements with the union. Brown v. Pro
Football, Inc., 518 U.S. 231
employer has made its last, best and final offer to the union, and the union
does not agree to it, the employer can legally implement (or impose) that
offer, thereby forcing terms and conditions of employment on the union
and its members.
As an example, the U.S. Court of Appeals ruled that: Where good faith
bargaining has not resolved a key issue [such as wages] and where there are
no definite plans for further efforts to break the deadlock, the [National Labor
Relations] Board is warranted, (and perhaps sometimes even required) to
make a determination that an impasse existed. And so, the court upheld an
NLRB ruling that the employer lawfully reduced wages after reaching a
bargaining impasse over wages with the union. Teamsters Local 745 v. NLRB,
US Court of Appeals, DC Circuit, 61 LRRM 2065)
Initiation Fee
Lockout
the employer may prohibit or lock out its employees from work. During a
lockout, an employer may use temporary replacement workers in place of its
locked out employees.
Management Rights
has the right to run its business without interference from the union.
Management rights provisions are negotiated into nearly all labor
agreements. They specify those areas which are under the exclusive
jurisdiction of management and normally not subject to any grievance
procedure. These areas typically include, among other things, the right to
hire, layoff, promote, establish the types of work to be performed and the
means and method for performing it, direct the workforce, establish work
rules, assign work, establish performance standards, subcontract work, and
open, close and/or move facilities. To read more about Management Rights,
go here.
Non-Right-To-Work State
Right-to-Work State
Sacrificed member
Salting
members, apply for and get jobs with a targeted employer who is usually
unaware of the salts true motive, which is to unionize the employees of the
salted employer. This also occurs when the salts openly state their union
affiliation so that, if the employer refuses to consider or hire them, they or
their union can claim that they were discriminate against because of their
union status.
Status Quo
A legal term which means things stay the same. While a union
Strike
inch X 5 inch card that look like a magazine subscription card. The union
authorization card is the unions only legitimate means of becoming a group
of employees collective-bargaining representative. To read more about
union authorization cards, go here.
Union Mole
Union Organizer
that requires all employees represented by the union to pay dues or service
fees to the union in order to keep their jobs. Union security clauses are
typically very high during negotiations, and some unions will strike over
them. To read more about union (income) security clauses, go here.