22

Earth Science, 13e (Tarbuck)
Chapter 22 Touring Our Solar System

1) Pluto is now classified as a ________ in our solar system.
A) terrestrial planet
B) Jovian planet
C) dwarf planet
D) comet
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 22.6 Small Solar System Bodies
Bloom's: Remembering
2) The ________ explains how our solar system probably formed from a giant cloud of gases and
dispersed solid particles.
A) protogalactic theory
B) nebular hypothesis
C) extrastellar solar hypothesis
D) planetary compression theory
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 22.1 Our Solar System: An Overview
3) ________ meteorites are thought to be analogous in composition to Earth's core.
A) Calcareous
B) Iron
C) Stony
D) Ammonical
Answer: B
Diff: 1
4) Compared to Earth's atmosphere, the atmosphere of Mars has surface pressures that are
________.
A) 3 times those on Earth; major gases are water vapor and carbon dioxide
B) 0.1 times those on Earth; major gases are water vapor and carbon dioxide
C) one-half those on Earth; main gases are methane and nitrogen
D) 1.5 times those on Earth; main gases are methane and nitrogen
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 22.4 Terrestrial Planets
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
5) Which one of the following statements is believed to be true of comets?

A) They have highly elliptical orbits around the Sun.
B) They are composed mostly of dense rock particles.
C) They may gain slightly in mass with each orbit around the Sun.
D) Their bright, glowing appearance in the night sky is due to frictional heating in Earth's
atmosphere.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
6) ________ refers to the bright head of a comet.
A) Lima
B) Toma
C) Coma
D) Lira
Answer: C
Diff: 1
7) Which one of the following is most likely to be associated both with impact craters and with
volcanic calderas that originate by collapse?
A) outwardly radiating, fragmental, bright, surface streaks
B) sharp rims that rise well above the surrounding area far away from the edge of the depression
C) sharp, central peaks that rise above the floor of the depression
D) landslides and other mass wasting movements along the walls of the depression
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic: 22.2 Planetary Impacts
8) ________ has the great, dark spot on its surface.
A) Mars
B) Jupiter
C) Venus
D) Uranus
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 22.5 Jovian Planets
9) How did the lunar maria most likely originate?

A) huge impact basins that were nearly filled with basaltic lava flows
B) huge impact craters filled with frozen carbon dioxide and dark-colored silt and dust
C) massive, basaltic comets melted when they hit the lunar surface
D) the solar wind eroded very wide, shallow basins that filled with lunar dust
Answer: A
Diff: 1
10) Which one of the following is not found on Mars?
A) polar ice caps
B) H2O-rich atmosphere
C) sand dunes
D) extinct volcanoes
Answer: B
Diff: 1
11) ________ are found both on Mars and Earth.
A) Erosional features related to flowing water
B) Active volcanoes
C) Heavily cratered landscapes preserved from early in the planets' histories
D) Oceans
Answer: A
Diff: 1
12) The surface features of ________ are known only through satellite radar mapping.
A) Jupiter
B) Mercury
C) Venus
D) Mars
Answer: C
Diff: 1
13) ________ has atmospheric pressures at its surface that are roughly comparable to those at
Earth's surface.
A) Jupiter's moon Io
B) Saturn's moon Titan
C) Neptune's moon Cassini
D) Uranus's moon Miranda
Answer: B
Diff: 1
14) ________, a moon orbiting Jupiter, has an unusually smooth, uncratered, ice-covered
surface.
A) Phobos
B) Titan
C) Miranda
D) Europa
Answer: D
Diff: 1
15) ________ is the principal gas in the Venusian atmosphere and also a minor component of the
atmospheres of Earth and Mars.
A) Ozone
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Methane
Answer: C
Diff: 1
16) The largest known volcano in the solar system is ________.
A) Mauna Loa, Hawaii, on Earth
B) Vulcan on Venus
C) Solfatara on Jupiter
D) Olympus Mons on Mars
Answer: D
Diff: 1
17) ________ are small, extraterrestrial particles that glow brightly and burn up as they travel
through Earth's atmosphere.
A) Asteroids
B) Microcomets
C) Mesocoronas
D) Meteoroids
Answer: D
Diff: 1
18) Vast, circular to elliptical dark-colored, smooth areas of the Moon are known as ________.
A) Olympian fields
B) Copernican steppes
C) lunar maria
D) lunar lava flats
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 22.3 Earth's Moon: A Chip Off the Old Block
19) Which of these lunar features is the oldest?
A) maria basins
B) lunar highlands
C) rayed craters like Copernicus
D) lunar soil
Answer: B
Diff: 1
20) Most of the Moon's craters were produced by ________.
A) the impact of debris (meteoroids)
B) volcanic eruptions
C) faulting
D) radial implosions
Answer: A
Diff: 1
21) The high surface temperatures of this planet have been attributed to the greenhouse effect.
A) Venus
B) Uranus
C) Mars
D) Mercury
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the
relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the
pattern.
22) Mercury
Saturn
Answer: Mercury
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
23) Phobos
Pluto
Answer: Pluto
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
Uranus
Jupiter
Titan
24) Earth
Venus
Mars
Answer: Jupiter
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
Callisto
Jupiter
25) comet
asteroid
meteorite
Answer: meteorite
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Analyzing
planet
26) The dark tail of a comet is called a coma.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
27) Carbon dioxide is the major gas in the atmosphere of Venus.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
28) The Moon has highland areas which approach the height of mountains on Earth.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
29) The very large, lava-covered areas of the Moon are called maria.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
30) Rayed craters on the Moon, such as Copernicus, formed during an intense, early period of
bombardment prior to the formation of the lunar maria.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
31) Jupiter is the largest and most massive planet in the solar system.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
32) The four largest moons of Jupiter are known as the Galilean moons.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
33) The Cassini gap refers to the planetless belt of asteroids between Mars and Earth.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
34) Of the terrestrial planets, Mercury exhibits the greatest lateral variations in surface
temperatures.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
35) Rays in the rings of Saturn are bright, radial streaks that converge inward toward the planet's
surface.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
36) Lunar regolith breccia contains crystalline rock fragments and glassy fragments.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
37) Meteorites disintegrate and burn up as shooting stars; meteoroids survive an impact event
and a trip through Earth's atmosphere.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
38) Comets are thought to be composed of dust and tiny, icy particles encased in small,
solidified, metallic fragments.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
39) An extreme example of the greenhouse effect is thought to be associated with an abundance
of carbon dioxide in the Martian atmosphere.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
40) The Martian polar caps are thought to be mainly frozen methane and ammonia.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
8
41) Large impact craters and large, domal features (probably representing viscous lava flows)
have been imaged on the surface of Venus.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
42) Saturn's rings are clusters of relatively small, individual particles; the rings observed on
Jupiter are violent storm clouds swirling above the polar regions of the planet.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
43) The atmosphere of Mars is less dense than Earth's, but dust storms and sand dunes indicate
wind action occurs on Mars.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
44) ________ is the major gas in the atmosphere of Venus.
Answer: Carbon dioxide
Diff: 1
45) The relatively smooth, large, circular to elliptical areas on the lunar surface are known as
________.
Answer: maria
Diff: 1
46) The two most abundant gases in Earth's atmosphere are ________ and ________.
Answer: nitrogen, oxygen
Diff: 1
47) The Cassini gap is associated with the planet ________.
Answer: Saturn
Diff: 1
48) The only planet in the solar system whose axis of rotation lies close to its equatorial plane is
________.
Answer: Uranus
Diff: 1
49) Relatively small bodies which generally orbit between Mars and Jupiter are called ________.
Answer: asteroids
Diff: 1
50) Which planet, in addition to Earth, shows clear evidence of water erosion?
Answer: Mars
Diff: 1
Critical Thinking and Discussion. Use complete sentences, correct spelling, and the
information presented in Chapter 22 to answer the questions below.
51) Why are meteorites a possible source of information regarding the origin and composition of
Earth? Also, what other "clues" might be present in meteorites?
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Analyzing and Remembering
52) What is the general relationship between the number of natural satellites or moons that orbit
a given planet and the mass of that planet? Also, how is our own Moon different from the natural
satellites of other terrestrial planets?
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Remembering and Understanding
53) How is Earth unique as compared to other planets in our solar system? How is it similar?
And finally, what geologic information might we obtain by visiting Mars or Venus that would
further link Earth to these planets?
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Analyzing and Applying and Understanding
10
54) Label the planets on the diagram below.
Answer: See Figure 22.1 in Chapter 22 of Earth Science, 13e.

Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
11
55) Carefully examine the telescopic view of the lunar surface (near side) below and the features
labeled A, B, and C.
(a) Give a brief description that characterizes the bright area around C.
(b) Notice the features like those labeled A. What are such features called?
(c) How are craters like the one labeled B different from the craters of the area labeled C?
(d) In what order (from first to latest) did the features form that are labeled A, B, and C?
Answer: (a) Area C is heavily cratered lunar highland.
(b) maria (each one is a mare)
(c) C-craters are less well-defined and do not have rays, unlike the B-craters, which are welldefined rayed craters
(d) C (first), A (second), B (last)
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Analyzing and Applying and Understanding
12

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Earth Science, 13e (Tarbuck)

Chapter 22 Touring Our Solar System

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

5) Which one of the following statements is believed to be true of comets?

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

9) How did the lunar maria most likely originate?

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

26) The dark tail of a comet is called a coma.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

27) Carbon dioxide is the major gas in the atmosphere of Venus.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

54) Label the planets on the diagram below.

Answer: See Figure 22.1 in Chapter 22 of Earth Science, 13e.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

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