SMART WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Abstract
With increase in population, the scenario of cleanliness with respect to waste management is
degrading tremendously. The overflow of garbage in public areas creates the unhygienic
condition in the nearby surrounding. It may provoke several serious diseases amongst the nearby
people. It also degrades the valuation of the area. To avoid this and to enhance the cleaning,
smart waste management system is proposed in this project. In the proposed system, the level
of waste in the dustbins is detected with the help of Sensor systems, and communicated to the
authorized control room through GSM system. Microcontroller is used to interface the sensor
system with GSM system. An android application is developed to monitor the desired
information related to the waste for different selected locations. This will help to manage the
garbage collection efficiently.

Literature Survey
Research on smart cities has been conducted by many organizations and many applications have
already been implemented. Typical examples include: smart parking which supplies the position
of a car park at any time; smart agriculture to improve agro industrial production based on
weather and environmental conditions ; smart transport to find the best route taking into account
the current traffic conditions. All these applications are a step towards the realization of a
complete smart city.

Literature survey GSM:

GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communication. It is a digital cellular technology
used for transmitting mobile voice and data services. The concept of GSM emerged from a cellbased mobile radio system at Bell Laboratories in the early 1970s.IT is the name of a
standardization group established in 1982 to create a common European mobile telephone
standard.GSM is the most widely accepted standard in telecommunications and it is
implemented globally.GSM is a circuit-switched system that divides each 200 kHz channel into
eight 25 kHz time-slots. GSM operates on the mobile communication bands 900 MHz and 1800

MHz in most parts of the world. In the US, GSM operates in the bands 850 MHz and 1900
MHz.GSM owns a market share of more than 70 percent of the world's digital cellular
subscribers.GSM makes use of narrowband Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technique
for transmitting signals.GSM was developed using digital technology. It has an ability to carry
64 kbps to 120 Mbps of data rates. Presently GSM supports more than one billion mobile
subscribers in more than 210 countries throughout the world.GSM provides basic to advanced
voice and data services including roaming service.

Introduction
Waste management is a big challenge in urban areas for most of the countries throughout
the world. An efficient waste management is a pre requisition for maintain a safe and green
environment as there are increasing all kinds of waste disposal. There are many technologies are
used for waste collection as well as for well managed recycling. The Information gathering is big
and cumbersome. The concurrent effects of a fast national growth rate, of a large and dense
residential area and a pressing demand for urban environmental protection create a challenging
framework for waste management. The complexity of context and procedures is indeed a
primary concern of local municipal authorities due to problems related to the collection,
transportation and processing of residential solid waste today the garbage collection is manual
which takes a lot of efforts and is time consuming.
In the proposed system, the level of waste in the dustbins is detected with the help of
Ultrasonic sensor. Force sensor is used to measure the weight of the dust bin. When the measured
value of sensors exceeds a certain threshold value, this information with GPS location where the
dust bin is located is communicated to android device through GSM system. Android device will
detects, in which area dustbin is located, by comparing coordinates and updates the location and
inform the respective vehicle to collect the waste. Microcontroller is used to interface the sensor
system with GSM system. This will help to manage the garbage collection efficiently.

Description
Many embedded systems have substantially different designs according to their functions
and utilities. In this project design, structured modular design concept is adopted and the system
is mainly composed of microcontroller, Ultrasonic sensor, force sensor, GPS, GSM, LCD and
Android app.
The microcontroller located at the centre of the block diagram forms the control unit of
the entire project. Embedded within the microcontroller is a program that helps the
microcontroller to take action based on the inputs provided by the output of the sensors.

We are using Ultrasonic sensor and force sensor to monitoring the waste in the dustbin.
Level of waste in the dustbins is detected with the help of Ultrasonic sensor. Force sensor is used
to measure the weight of the dust bin. When the measured value of sensors exceeds a certain
threshold value, this information with GPS location where the dustbin is located is
communicated to android device through GSM system. Android device will detects, in which
area dustbin is located, by comparing coordinates and updates the location and inform the
respective vehicle to collect the waste. Microcontroller is used to interface the sensor system
with GSM system. This will help to manage the garbage collection efficiently.

Demo Points
Microcontroller is used and it is heart of the project. Ultrasonic sensor is used to monitor the
level of waste in dustbin, force sensor is used to monitor the weight of dustbin. GSM is used to
send the information to android device. GPS is used to find the co-ordinates of the location of the
dustbin. LCD is used to display the whole process.

Block Diagram

LCD

Ultrasonic
Sensor

Microcontrolle
r

Force Sensor

GPS

Android

Components Used

Renesas Microcontroller
Ultrasonic Sensor
Force Sensor
GSM
GPS
LCD

Software Used
Embedded C

GSM

 Cube Suite+
Renesas Flash Programmer
Android

Applications
Can be implement in medical waste management in hospitals.
Can be implement to waste management of hazardous wastes like industrial waste.

Advantages
Waste management will become much faster.
Waste collection process will become simple.

Disadvantages
Failure of power to run the device.

Future Scope
For project demo concern, we have developed a prototype module. In future, this project can be
taken to the product level. To make this project as user friendly and durable, we need to make it
compact and cost effective. Going further, most of the units can be embedded along with the
controller on a single board with change in technology.

References

[1] S. V. Srikanth, P. Pramod, K. Dileep, S. Tapas, M. Patil, and C. Sarat, Design and
implementation of a prototype smart parking (spark)system using wireless sensor networks, in
Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops, 2009. WAINA09. International
Conference on, May 2009, pp. 401406.
[2] T. Qiu, H. Xiao, and P. Zhou, Framework and case studies of intelligencemonitoring
platform in facility agriculture ecosystem, in Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics),
2013 Second International Conference on, Aug 2013, pp. 522525.