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Lubrication System
12-1880Z
12-1880Y
May 15, 2003
SUMMARY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TOPIC
PAGE
WAUKESHA ENGINE
DRESSER, INC.
WAUKESHA, WI 53188-4999
CAUTION
OIL DESIGNATIONS
0.35 1.0
OIL ADDITIVES
Quality oils formulated specifically for natural gas
engines have sufficient additives to meet requirements. Waukesha does not recommend the addition
of oil additives to these quality oils.
OIL RECOMMENDATIONS
Waukesha recommends the use of oil formulated specifically for gas engines and meeting minimum ash
requirements based on engine makes and models
(see Table 1). The ash forming constituents in oil formulations provide detergency, corrosion protection,
and anti-wear protection. In addition, the ash produced
during combustion of these additives will provide protection against valve face and seat recession.
Waukesha engines use
specifically formulated
gas engine oils. Waukesha Engine does not recommend gasoline or diesel oil formulations for use
with its engines. Use of gasoline or diesel oil formulations may cause severe engine damage.
CAUTION
CATALYST CONTAMINANTS
The following contaminants are known catalyst deactivators and should be avoided when selecting lubricating
oils for installations with catalysts since they contribute
to shortened catalyst life: heavy and base metals such
as lead, mercury, arsenic, antimony, zinc, copper, tin,
iron, nickel, chrome, sulfur, and phosphorus. These individual elements should not exceed 1 ppm or collectively
exceed 5 ppm at the catalyst inlet. Specific exceptions:
phosphorus or silicon compounds at the catalyst inlet
are not to exceed 1 ppm and sulfur compounds at the
catalyst inlet are not to exceed 100 ppm.
Do not confuse the concentration of these elements
AT THE CATALYST INLET with the concentration of
these elements in the oil itself.
0.45 0.75
0.35 0.50
0.35 1.0
0.45 0.75
0.35 1.0
Page 2 of 8
WAUKESHA ENGINE
DRESSER, INC.
WAUKESHA, WI 53188-4999
TYPE
PERCENT OF
SULFATED ASH
SAE 40
0.50
Estor Super
SAE 40
0.45
SAE 20
W40
0.45
Estor Select 40
SAE 40
0.95
Mobil Pegasus 1
(Synthetic)
SAE 15
W40
0.48
SAE 40
0.50
SAE 40
0.48
SAE 40
0.99
SAE 40
0.92
Q8 Mahler HA (Europe
Only)
SAE 40
0.90
Q8 Mahler MA (Europe
Only)
SAE 40
0.55
Shell Mysella MA
SIPC (Outside USA only)
SAE 40
0.90
WARNING
Waukesha Engine assumes no liability or responsibility for damage to the environment or severe
personal injury caused by using landfill gases or
sour gases. It is the customer's sole responsibility
to carefully analyze any gases they choose to use.
Use of these gases is at the customer's own risk
and could result in severe personal injury or
death.
Alternate fuel sources are attracting increasing interest today as a low cost fuel or because of environmental concerns. Waukesha, being the leader in
developing engine systems to accommodate these
alternate fuels, is aware of problems due to sulfur
compounds (H2S, etc.), siloxanes, and halide constituents in these fuels. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), siloxanes,
and total organic halide as chloride (TOH/CI) bring
with them totally different problems to the engine and
lubricating oils.
Waukesha has limited fuel trace gases to the following:
Sulfur bearing compounds (H2S, etc.) content in
fuel gas to 0.1%, (1000 ppm) by volume. However,
it is not unusual to encounter biomass gas or field
gas with much higher percentages of sulfur bearing
compounds (H2S, etc.). Gas exceeding 0.1% sulfur
bearing compounds must be treated.
Maximum organic halide content expressed as chloride
(TOH/CI) in landfill gas is limited to 150 micrograms
per liter (g/l).
Maximum liquid fuel hydrocarbons at the coldest
expected engine mounted regulator fuel outlet
temperature are limited to 2% total by gaseous
volume.
Maximum permissible free hydrogen content is 12%
by volume.
Maximum total siloxanes for all engine models is 25 g/l.
If greater than 25 g/l total siloxanes are present, fuel
treatment is required.
When dealing with halogens or halogen compounds in
landfill gas, the subject becomes far too complicated
to address here as it relates to the selection of a lubricating oil, used oil analysis, and drain interval. It follows that those customers operating on landfill gas
review Waukesha Engine's Fuel Specification S78847 (or current revision) to fully understand the ramifications of operating an engine on landfill gas. This document (as well as Service Bulletin 9-2701) prescribes
WAUKESHA ENGINE
DRESSER, INC.
WAUKESHA, WI 53188-4999
Page 3 of 8
TYPE
PERCENT OF
SULFATED ASH
SAE 40
0.98
SAE 40
0.48
SAE 40
0.71
WAUKESHA ENGINE
DRESSER, INC.
WAUKESHA, WI 53188-4999
WARNING
Recommendation #1
Select a gas engine lubricating oil with a high alkalinity
reserve, 7 to 13 TBN (Total Base Number). Alkalinity
reserve in the oil is measured in TBN. The higher the
TBN, the more reserve.
Recommendation #2
Analyzing used oil is mandatory for alternate fuel
applications. Oil change periods are determined by
TBN, TAN (Total Acid Number), oxidation, and nitration level in the used oil samples. The user must
change the oil when the TBN level falls to 30% of the
new oil value or TAN increases by 2.5 3.0 above the
new oil value. The method of measuring TBN in used
oil is shown in Table 4.
Dexsil Corporation has developed the Q2000 field test
kit. This kit is used to determine the chlorine contamination of engine oil exposed to chlorine containing
fuels, as in landfill gas. This field test kit is highly accurate and allows the operator to obtain timely test
results in the field. The oil must be sampled every 50
hours, in order to establish a trend. Waukesha has
experienced good results with this kit. Order information may be obtained from Dexsil Corporation, One
Hamden Park Drive, Hamden, CT 06517.
TOH/CI does not affect
TBN levels the same as
sulfur compounds. Therefore, the 70% depletion
as an indicator of a change interval only applies to
the applications where fuel gas does not contain
halides. Disregarding this information could result
in product damage and or personal injury.
CAUTION
Recommendation #3
Increase the jacket water temperature to 210 235 F
(99 113 C) and oil temperatures to 185 200 F
(85 93 C). ATGL series engines are limited to a
maximum oil temperature of 180 F (82 C). Increased
temperatures will reduce condensation, which will
reduce the concentration of acids within the crankcase. High temperature thermostats are available for
most models.
WAUKESHA ENGINE
DRESSER, INC.
WAUKESHA, WI 53188-4999
Laboratory testing will determine the used oils suitability for continued use. Used oil testing should cover
the data shown in Table 4.
Table 4. Used Oil Testing And Condemnation
TEST
CONDEMNING LIMIT
Viscosity
-20/+30% Change
Flash Point
Oxidation (Abs/Cm)
25
Nitration (Abs/Cm)
25
Water Content
Glycol
Wear Metals
Trend Analysis
Chlorine
900 ppm
CAUTION
In the interest of developing a reasonable life expectancy for Waukesha engines operating on fuel gas
laden with some level of halogens, our experience dictates the following:
To achieve the life expectancy of an engine
operating on pipeline quality natural gas, remove all
halogen compounds and abrasives from the fuel
gas.
Page 5 of 8
Page 6 of 8
SAE
40
210
30
HEADER
TEMPERATURE
SAE
NUMBER
160 230 F
(71 110 C)
160 195 F
(71 91 C)
40
30
HEADER
TEMPERATURE
SAE
NUMBER
160 230 F
(71 110 C)
160 180 F
(71 82 C)
40
CAUTION
LBS/HP-HR
GRAMS/
HP-HR
GRAMS/
kWb-HR
All
0.0002 - 0.002
0.091 - 0.910
0.121 - 1.22
HP - HR
HP x Hours of Operation
LBS
HP - HR
HP x Hours of Operation
Grams
HP - HR
HP x Hours of Operation
Grams
kWb - HR
WAUKESHA ENGINE
DRESSER, INC.
WAUKESHA, WI 53188-4999
Page 7 of 8
ISO STANDARD OR
CONTINUOUS POWER
RATING
ENGINES OPERATED IN
EXCESS OF ISO STD
POWER OR PEAK SHAVING
STANDBY
DUTY
FOR ENGINES OPERATING WITH OIL SUMP TEMPERATURE OF 230 F (110 C) OR ABOVE
VSG Series F11
Natural Gas and
HD-5 Propane
300 hours
N/A
300 hours or
annually
FOR ENGINES OPERATING WITH OIL SUMP TEMPERATURE OF 195 F (91 C) OR BELOW
VGF G, GL, GLD
Low Capacity
Natural Gas and
HD-5 Propane
500 hours
500 hours
500 hours or
annually
1000 hours
1000 hours
500 hours or
annually
500 hours
500 hours
500 hours or
annually
720 hours
720 hours
500 hours or
annually
VHP SERIES
Natural Gas, HD-5
Propane
500 hours
500 hours
500 hours or
annually
ATGL SERIES
Natural Gas
NOTES: Change oil filter elements whenever oil is changed. *Attainable with 15.5:1 air/fuel ratio (carburetor adjusted to 1.15% CO in the
exhaust. If best economy carburetor setting, 17.0:1 17.7:1 air/fuel ratio (1.4 2.1% O2 in the exhaust), is used, oil change hours should be
reduced to 300 operating hours. **Extended oil drain intervals listed are acceptable if a Microspin centrifuge in conjunction with a Waukesha
supplied oil filtration system is utilized and an oil analysis program is followed.
Table 10. Recommended Oil Change Intervals For Engines Receiving Normal Maintenance And Using Gaseous Fuel
Containing H2S.
ENGINE MODEL
ISO STANDARD
OR CONTINUOUS
POWER RATING
ENGINES OPERATED IN
EXCESS OF ISO STD
POWER OR PEAK SHAVING
STANDBY DUTY
360 hours*
250 hours
N/A
250 hours or
annually
VGF SERIES
360 hours
250 hours
360 hours
250 hours or
annually
VHP SERIES
360 hours
250 hours
360 hours
250 hours or
annually
NOTE:ATGL series engines are limited to a maximum oil temperature of 180 F (82 C).
ATGL SERIES
Natural Gas
NOTES: Change oil filter elements whenever oil is changed. *Attainable with 15.5:1 air/fuel ratio (carburetor adjusted to 1.15% CO in the
exhaust. If best economy carburetor setting, 17.0:1 17.7:1 air/fuel ratio (1.4 2.1% O2 in the exhaust), is used, oil change hours should be
reduced to 300 operating hours.
The highest load and speed which can be applied 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days per year,
except for normal maintenance. It is permissible to operate the engine at up to ten percent overload, or the
maximum load indicated by the intermittent rating, whichever is lower, for two hours in each 24 hour period.
GENERATOR STANDBY
POWER RATING
In a system used as a backup or secondary source of electrical power, this rating is the output the engine will
produce continuously (no overload), 24 hours per day, for the duration of the prime power source outage.
INTERMITTENT POWER
RATING
This rating is the highest load and speed that can be applied in variable speed mechanical system
application only. Operation at this rating is limited to a maximum of 3500 hours per year.
GENERATOR PEAK
SHAVING
Peak shaving is operation of an engine for a limited time to meet short term peak power requirements.
Speed, loading, and hours per year of operation will affect the recommended oil change interval.
Page 8 of 8
WAUKESHA ENGINE
DRESSER, INC.
WAUKESHA, WI 53188-4999