AP Human Geography

Chapter 10 Study Guide (Part 2)

1. What strongly influenced decisions about locating factories during the
first and second phases of the Industrial Revolution?

2. Where were steel mills typically located?

3. What has taken on greater significance in the decisions of where to

locate factories in todays world?

4. Why do manufactured goods typically cost more to transport?

5. List 3 site and situation factors that influence industrial location (look
at Table 10.1 on pg. 303)

6. In addition to labor (workers) what else do industries need?

7. Where do they acquire these?

8. How can industries achieve cost savings in relation to inputs and

suppliers?

9. What are these savings known as?

10.

What negative impact can urban growth have on industries?

11.

What are these negative impacts known as?

12.

What is Taylorism?

13.

What did F.W. Taylor not want workers to do and why?

14.
What industrialist utilized Taylors findings to improve efficiency
in manufacturing in his factories?

15.

What ideas of Taylor was his assembly line based on?

16.

How much more efficient did these ideas make Fords factory?

17.

What does the term Fordism refer to?

18.
What three major consequences did the implementation of
Fordist principles have on manufacturing industries?

19.

How many countries does the Ford Corporation operate in today?

20.
What are the three major weaknesses of the moving assembly
line?

21.
What common practices emerged in various industries to address
these weaknesses? (list all)

22.

Explain vertical integration.

23.
When did the Ford Motor Company become vertically
integrated?

24.

What is a commodity chain?

25.
What are producer-driven commodity chains usually
associated with?

26.
When are decisions made in producer-driven commodity
chains?

27.

What weakness do they suffer from as a result of this?

28.
By what decade has Fordist principles taken hold in the global
core?

29.
What particular regions of the global core were these principles
adopted most extensively?

30.

How long did profits and wages rise in these regions as a result?

31.
What term encompasses the end of this boom and the
subsequent decline of productivity and competitiveness of industries
based on Fordism?

32.

What two main factors caused this decline?

33.

What did these two developments expose about Fordism?

34.
How did industries following Fordist principles in Japan adapt to a
much smaller domestic market than the U.S. or Europe had?

35.
What Japanese company is particularly associated with this
adaptation?

36.

How does flexible production work?

37.
on?

What type of commodity chains does flexible production rely

38.
What was different about assembly lines in Japan from those in
America?

39.
What ideas about labor in flexible production are different from
Fordism?

40.
What two strategies were crucial to the success of flexible
production?

41.

What does Just-in-time delivery refer to?

42.
How are manufacturing supplies handled differently between
Fordism and Flexible Production?

43.
What does Just-in-time delivery allow industries to do in terms
of matching production to consumer demand

44.

Explain outsourcing.

45.
What types of business processes are outsourced? (Give 3
examples)

46.

How is offshoring different from outsourcing?