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Suharto2
2
Suryanto3
3
Abstract Chips of porang (amorphophallus oncophyllus) is slice of tubers of porang as a main material for
glucomannan flour-making. Glucomannan flour containing high glucomannan is very useful to the food industry,
non-food and health. Chips of porang production among the farmers in Magelang, Central Java, still use manual
method that resulting low chips quality that does not meet for further processing, namely manufacturing of flour
glucomannan. This applied research is intended to design the tubers chips maker with double rotating cutters to
produce chips of uniform and the same thickness. The method used is engineering design approach starting from
process of machine design, manufacture engine components, and engine performance testing. The result is a slicing
machine with rotating cutters for producing chips of porang with the specifications: length dimension: 1000 (mm),
width 750 (mm), height 1000 (mm), the weight of the machine: 85 (kg), the drive unit: motor gasoline of 5.5 HP. It
was found that best performance of cutting process of the rotating double cutters is at 120 rpm, cutter angle of
inclination is of 30o, and production capacity is of 310 kg per hour.
Keywords chips of porang, rotating double cutters
I. INTRODUCTION
Tubers of porang (amorphophallus oncophyllus) or in Indonesia often called iles-iles including araceae family that
grows in warm sub-tropical climate to tropical areas like East Asia, South China, Japan, to Indonesia as in [1]. Tubers of
porang size varies from diameter of 100 mm to 200 mm with a weight of up to 1 kg as shown in Figure 1. Chips are
sliced tubers of porang with a thickness of 8 mm that has been dried. Tubers of porang flour obtained by milling process
and filtered with 80 mesh. Glucomannan flour contained the resulted porang flour can be separated by applying cyclone
separation method. Through the process of cyclone glucomannan flour mass separated from lighter mass of flour
potassium oxalate. Thus the manufacture of qualified chips of porang is the starting point of glucomannan flour
production. Learn the process of making glucomannan flour starting from tubers of porang crops, washing, slicing,
drying, flouring, flour separation, purification processes, to obtain a high starch content of glucomannan. Based on
experiments the ratio of wet tubers of porang compared to dry porang chips is 7 : 1, it means that 7 (seven) kilograms of
wet tubers of porang will become 1 (one) kilogram of dry chips through a washing, slicing, and drying processes.
Previous studies such as [2]describes porang glucomannan flour is quite high (15-64% dry basis). Referrence [3]
explained that porang tubers are used as raw material for the food industry since 1000 and last year in Japan and China.
Furthermore, [4]; [5], and [6] explained that glucomannan is a soluble fiber content of foods with a high water, low in
calories and specific hydrocoloid. Utilization of tubers of porang into flour is one option for easy storage and processing
into food, non-food, and healthcare.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
IJIRAE: Impact Factor Value SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2015): 3.361 | PIF: 2.469 | Jour Info: 4.085 |
Index Copernicus 2014 = 6.57
2014- 16, IJIRAE- All Rights Reserved
Page -26
Figure 3. Manual method of chips porang production and drying chips resulted
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
IJIRAE: Impact Factor Value SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2015): 3.361 | PIF: 2.469 | Jour Info: 4.085 |
Index Copernicus 2014 = 6.57
2014- 16, IJIRAE- All Rights Reserved
Page -27
Figure 5. Prototype of slicing machine with rotating cutters for producing chips of porang
MANUFACTURING COMPONENTS. The process of manufacturing of machine components based on the design of working
drawings. Manufacturing of components will be done mainly for special components of the machine designed according
to the needs. Other components are standard components which are generally available through procurement. The
manufacture of special components primarily using a lathe, milling, drilling machines, bench work, and welding with the
calculation of working time and production costs. The following components are to be manufactured: cutters, rotating
disc with double cutters, shaft, body stand, mounting for gasoline engine, hopper input and output tunnel. The standard
components are bearings, gears, belts, pulleys, and gasoline engine unit.
ASSEMBLY. Assembly is a process of preparation and pooling all component parts into a device or machine that has a
specific function as already designed. Assembly begins with preparing the components that have been made and standard
components prepared. If the componnents are joined perfectly and occupied the correct position, then the machine will
ready to be tested for the operation of slicing of tubers of porang.
Working mechanism of slicing machine with rotating cutters for producing chips of porang:
(a) Check carefully all parts of the machine accordingly;
(b) Turn on the key to start the gasoline engine and control its steady rotation;
(c) Enter tubers of porang into hopper (with its load itself tubers of porang will drop down through a double rotating
cutters);
(d) After slicing process the resulted chips will drop on the tunnel output;
(e) Thick of chips can be set using the regulator screw cutters to be 8 to 10 (mm) in thick. The hole in the disc is made
at least three times of chips thick to facilitate resulting chips easily dropped out and not damaged or broken;
(f) The process of slicing tubers of porang carried out through double rotating cutters horizontally and tubers of
porang entered through two input hopper;
(g) If the tubers of porang is running out, put the next tubers of porang respectively;
(h) Operate the machine to produce chips of porang repeatedly, in order to work optimally with the resulted chips of
uniform shapes and sizes;
(i) Place the chips resulted from collector under the out put tunnel to drying process area.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
IJIRAE: Impact Factor Value SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2015): 3.361 | PIF: 2.469 | Jour Info: 4.085 |
Index Copernicus 2014 = 6.57
2014- 16, IJIRAE- All Rights Reserved
Page -29
(a) Covered
(b) Uncovered
Figure 6. Slicing machine with rotating cutters for producing chips of porang
NAME OF MACHINE
POWER GENERATOR
CAPACITY
SIZE OF CHIPS PRODUCED
DIMENSION
WEIGHT
MACHINE SPECIFICATIONS :
: SLICING MACHINE WITH ROTATING CUTTERS FOR PRODUCING CHIPS OF PORANG
: GASOLINE ENGINE 5,5 (HP)
: 300 (KG/HOUR)
: 8 TO 10 MM IN THICK
: 100 X 75 X 100 (CM)
: 85 (KG)
Novelty of this slicing machine is on the cutter design that is easily available in the local market. When the cutter is
getting dull, it can be removed and replaced easily. The size of chips resulted by this machine is 8 to 10 (mm) in thick.
PERFORMANCE TESTING OF THE M ACHINE. Testing the performance of the machine is an attempt to determine the
performance chips of porang resulted based on test functions and the work of the machine. The testing process is done
with cutter type and rotation variables of the machine. In doing so the test is to observe the results of slicing of tubers of
porang. The results of all the tests performed are recorded and tabulated as test data. Results of testing the performance of
the machine shown in Figure 7 and Table 1.
It was found that quality of chips resulted depends on thick of cutter, angle of cutting edge, cutter rotation speed. The
best result of quality of chips was found on the following parameters: thick of cutter of 2 mm, angle of edge of 30o, and
cutter rotation speed of 140 rpm. With these parameters the slicing machine can produce 300 kg/hour chips of porang by
entering input of tubers of porang1,5 kg (average). The quality of chips of porang yielded were quality A (80%), B (20%),
and C (0%).
THICKNESS
OF CUTTER (MM)
5
5
5
5
5
2
2
2
2
2
ANGLE OF
CUTTING EDGE
45
45
45
45
45
30
30
30
30
30
CUTTER ROTATION
SPEED (RPM)
90
105
140
150
160
90
105
140
150
160
TIME
(SECOND)
18
18
18
17
15
17
16
15
14
13
QUALITY OF CHIPS
RESULTED
IV. CONCLUSIONS
Effort to overcome shortcomings in production of chips of porang, especially in Magelang City, using manual slicing
device can be alternatively to switch operating the slicing machine with rotating cutters for producing chips of porang as
already designed and tested. The specifications of the machine are as follows: capacity of chips production 300 kg/hour,
dimension 1000 x 750 x 1000 mm, weight 85 kg, and power generation of gasoline engine 5,5 HP. It was found that the
best result of quality of chips will be reached with the following parameters: thick of cutters 2 mm, angle of edge 30o,
and cutter rotation speed 140 rpm. In addition upon these parameters the slicing machine can produce 300 kg/hour chips
of porang based on average weight each tubers of 1,5 kg. The quality of chips of porang yielded were: quality A (85%),
B (150%), and C (0%). By operating this machine safety of the operator can be assured compared with operating of hand
slicing device.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
IJIRAE: Impact Factor Value SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2015): 3.361 | PIF: 2.469 | Jour Info: 4.085 |
Index Copernicus 2014 = 6.57
2014- 16, IJIRAE- All Rights Reserved
Page -31
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
IJIRAE: Impact Factor Value SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2015): 3.361 | PIF: 2.469 | Jour Info: 4.085 |
Index Copernicus 2014 = 6.57
2014- 16, IJIRAE- All Rights Reserved
Page -32