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Anemiaoranaemia(also
spelledanmia)isusually
definedasadecreaseinthe
amountofredbloodcells
(RBCs)orhemoglobininthe
blood.[1]
200relations:
Abetalipoproteinemia,ABIM
Foundation,Acerrubrum,
Alcoholism,Alteredlevelof
consciousness,American
SocietyofNephrology,
Amoebiasis,Anemiaof
chronicdisease,Anemiaof
prematurity,Anginapectoris,
Angiodysplasia,Angular
cheilitis,Antibody,Aplastic
anemia,Autoimmunedisease,
Autoimmunity,Automated
analyser,Bcellchronic
lymphocyticleukemia,
Bleeding,Blood,Bloodcell,
Bloodfilm,Bloodproduct,
Bloodtransfusion,Bone
marrow,Bonemarrow
examination,Cardiacoutput,
Cardiacsurgery,Cat,Chronic
kidneydisease,Claudication,
Coldagglutinindisease,Colonoscopy,Colorectalcancer,Completebloodcount,
Congenitaldyserythropoieticanemia,Conjunctiva,Coronaryarterydisease,
Creatinine,Cyanocobalamin,Dietarysupplement,Digestion,Disseminated
intravascularcoagulation,DNAreplication,Dog,Dyspnea,Endocrinedisease,
Epoetinalfa,Erythrocytesedimentationrate,Erythropoiesis,...
Expandindex(150more)

Abetalipoproteinemia
Abetalipoproteinemia,orBassenKornzweigsyndrome,isarareautosomal
recessivedisorderthatinterfereswiththenormalabsorptionoffatandfat
solublevitaminsfromfood.
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New!:AnemiaandAbetalipoproteinemiaSeemore

ABIMFoundation
TheABIMFoundationisanotforprofitfoundationestablishedbytheAmerican
BoardofInternalMedicine(ABIM)in1999toadvancemedicalprofessionalismto
improvehealthcare.
New!:AnemiaandABIMFoundationSeemore

Acerrubrum
Acerrubrum(RedMaple,alsoknownasSwamp,WaterorSoftMaple),isoneof
themostcommonandwidespreaddeciduoustreesofeasternandcentralNorth
America.
New!:AnemiaandAcerrubrumSeemore

Alcoholism
Alcoholism,alsoknownasalcoholusedisorder(AUD)andalcoholdependence
syndrome,isabroadtermforanydrinkingofalcoholthatresultsinproblems.
New!:AnemiaandAlcoholismSeemore

Alteredlevelofconsciousness
Analteredlevelofconsciousnessisanymeasureofarousalotherthannormal.
New!:AnemiaandAlteredlevelofconsciousnessSeemore

AmericanSocietyofNephrology
Foundedin1966,theAmericanSocietyofNephrology(ASN)istheworlds
largestprofessionalsocietydevotedtothestudyofkidneydisease.
New!:AnemiaandAmericanSocietyofNephrologySeemore

Amoebiasis
Amoebiasis,alsoknownasamebiasisorentamoebiasis,isaninfectioncaused
byanyoftheamoebasoftheEntamoebagroup.
New!:AnemiaandAmoebiasisSeemore

Anemiaofchronicdisease
Anemiaofchronicdisease,oranemiaofchronicinflammation,isaformof
anemiaseeninchronicinfection,chronicimmuneactivation,andmalignancy.
New!:AnemiaandAnemiaofchronicdiseaseSeemore

Anemiaofprematurity
Anemiaofprematurityreferstoaformofanemiaaffectingpreterminfantswith
decreasedhematocrit.
New!:AnemiaandAnemiaofprematuritySeemore

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Anginapectoris
Anginapectoris,commonlyknownasangina,isthesensationofchestpain,
pressure,orsqueezing,oftenduetoischemiaoftheheartmusclefrom
obstructionorspasmofthecoronaryarteries.
New!:AnemiaandAnginapectorisSeemore

Angiodysplasia
Inmedicine(gastroenterology),angiodysplasiaisasmallvascularmalformation
ofthegut.
New!:AnemiaandAngiodysplasiaSeemore

Angularcheilitis
Angularcheilitis,(pronounced,sometimesabbreviatedtoAC,andalsocalled
rhagades,perlche,cheilosis,angularcheilosis,commissuralcheilitis,orangular
stomatitis),isinflammationofone,ormorecommonlyboth,ofthecornersofthe
mouth.
New!:AnemiaandAngularcheilitisSeemore

Antibody
Anantibody(Ab),alsoknownasanimmunoglobulin(Ig),isalarge,Yshape
proteinproducedbyplasmacellsthatisusedbytheimmunesystemtoidentify
andneutralizepathogenssuchasbacteriaandviruses.
New!:AnemiaandAntibodySeemore

Aplasticanemia
Aplasticanemia(AA)isadiseaseinwhichthebonemarrow,andthebloodstem
cellsthatresidethere,aredamaged.
New!:AnemiaandAplasticanemiaSeemore

Autoimmunedisease
Autoimmunediseasesarisefromanabnormalimmuneresponseofthebody
againstsubstancesandtissuesnormallypresentinthebody(autoimmunity).
New!:AnemiaandAutoimmunediseaseSeemore

Autoimmunity
Autoimmunityisthesystemofimmuneresponsesofanorganismagainstitsown
cellsandtissues.
New!:AnemiaandAutoimmunitySeemore

Automatedanalyser
Anautomatedanalyserisamedicallaboratoryinstrumentdesignedtomeasure
differentchemicalsandothercharacteristicsinanumberofbiologicalsamples
quickly,withminimalhumanassistance.
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New!:AnemiaandAutomatedanalyser Seemore

Bcellchroniclymphocyticleukemia
Bcellchroniclymphocyticleukemia(BCLL),alsoknownaschroniclymphoid
leukemia(CLL),isthemostcommontypeofleukemia(atypeofcancerofthe
whitebloodcells)inadults.
New!:AnemiaandBcellchroniclymphocyticleukemiaSeemore

Bleeding
Bleeding,technicallyknownashemorrhagingorhaemorrhaging(seeAmerican
andBritishspellingdifferences),isbloodescapingfromthecirculatorysystem.
New!:AnemiaandBleedingSeemore

Blood
Bloodisabodilyfluidinhumansandotheranimalsthatdeliversnecessary
substancessuchasnutrientsandoxygentothecellsandtransportsmetabolic
wasteproductsawayfromthosesamecells.
New!:AnemiaandBloodSeemore

Bloodcell
Abloodcell,alsocalledahematocyte,isacellproducedbyhematopoiesisand
isnormallyfoundinblood.
New!:AnemiaandBloodcellSeemore

Bloodfilm
Abloodfilmorperipheralbloodsmearisathinlayerofbloodsmearedona
microscopeslideandthenstainedinsuchawaytoallowthevariousbloodcells
tobeexaminedmicroscopically.
New!:AnemiaandBloodfilmSeemore

Bloodproduct
Abloodproductisanycomponentofthebloodwhichiscollectedfromadonor
foruseinabloodtransfusion.
New!:AnemiaandBloodproductSeemore

Bloodtransfusion
Bloodtransfusionisgenerallytheprocessofreceivingbloodproductsintoone's
circulationintravenously.
New!:AnemiaandBloodtransfusionSeemore

Bonemarrow
Bonemarrowistheflexibletissueintheinteriorofbones.
New!:AnemiaandBonemarrowSeemore
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Bonemarrowexamination
Bonemarrowexaminationreferstothepathologicanalysisofsamplesofbone
marrowobtainedbybonemarrowbiopsy(oftencalledatrephinebiopsy)and
bonemarrowaspiration.
New!:AnemiaandBonemarrowexaminationSeemore

Cardiacoutput
Cardiacoutput(CO,alsodenotedbythesymbolsQand\dotQ_),isatermused
incardiacphysiologythatdescribesthevolumeofbloodbeingpumpedbythe
heart,inparticularbyaleftorrightventricle,perunittime.
New!:AnemiaandCardiacoutputSeemore

Cardiacsurgery
Cardiovascular(heart)surgeryissurgeryontheheartorgreatvessels
performedbycardiacsurgeons.
New!:AnemiaandCardiacsurgerySeemore

Cat
Thedomesticcat(FeliscatusorFelissilvestriscatus)isasmall,usuallyfurry,
domesticated,andcarnivorousmammal.
New!:AnemiaandCatSeemore

Chronickidneydisease
Chronickidneydisease(CKD),alsoknownaschronicrenaldisease,isa
progressivelossinrenalfunctionoveraperiodofmonthsoryears.
New!:AnemiaandChronickidneydiseaseSeemore

Claudication
Claudication,literally'limping'(Latin),isamedicaltermusuallyreferringto
impairmentinwalking,orpain,discomfortortirednessinthelegsthatoccurs
duringwalkingandisrelievedbyrest.
New!:AnemiaandClaudicationSeemore

Coldagglutinindisease
Coldagglutinindiseaseisanautoimmunediseasecharacterizedbythe
presenceofhighconcentrationsofcirculatingantibodies,usuallyIgM,directed
againstredbloodcells.
New!:AnemiaandColdagglutinindiseaseSeemore

Colonoscopy
Colonoscopyorcoloscopyistheendoscopicexaminationofthelargeboweland
thedistalpartofthesmallbowelwithaCCDcameraorafiberopticcameraona
flexibletubepassedthroughtheanus.
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New!:AnemiaandColonoscopySeemore

Colorectalcancer
Colorectalcancer(alsoknownascoloncancer,rectalcancer,orbowelcancer)
isthedevelopmentofcancerinthecolonorrectum(partsofthelargeintestine).
New!:AnemiaandColorectalcancer Seemore

Completebloodcount
Acompletebloodcount(CBC),alsoknownasacompletebloodcellcount,full
bloodcount(FBC),orfullbloodexam(FBE),isabloodpanelrequestedbya
doctororothermedicalprofessionalthatgivesinformationaboutthecellsina
patient'sblood,suchasthecellcountforeachcelltypeandtheconcentrations
ofvariousproteinsandminerals.
New!:AnemiaandCompletebloodcountSeemore

Congenitaldyserythropoieticanemia
Congenitaldyserythropoieticanemia(CDA)isarareblooddisorder,similarto
thethalassemias.
New!:AnemiaandCongenitaldyserythropoieticanemiaSeemore

Conjunctiva
Theconjunctivalinestheinsideoftheeyelidsandcoversthesclera(whitepart
oftheeye).
New!:AnemiaandConjunctivaSeemore

Coronaryarterydisease
Coronaryarterydisease(CAD),alsoknownasischemicheartdisease(IHD),
atheroscleroticheartdisease,atheroscleroticcardiovasculardisease,and
coronaryheartdisease,isagroupofdiseasesthatincludes:stableangina,
unstableangina,myocardialinfarction,andsuddencoronarydeath.
New!:AnemiaandCoronaryarterydiseaseSeemore

Creatinine
Creatinine(orlang,"flesh")isabreakdownproductofcreatinephosphatein
muscle,andisusuallyproducedatafairlyconstantratebythebody(depending
onmusclemass).
New!:AnemiaandCreatinineSeemore

Cyanocobalamin
Cyanocobalaministhemostcommonandwidelyproducedformofthechemical
compoundsthathavevitaminB12activity.
New!:AnemiaandCyanocobalaminSeemore

Dietarysupplement
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Adietarysupplementisintendedtoprovidenutrientsthatmayotherwisenotbe
consumedinsufficientquantities.
New!:AnemiaandDietarysupplementSeemore

Digestion
Digestionisthebreakdownoflargeinsolublefoodmoleculesintosmallwater
solublefoodmoleculessothattheycanbeabsorbedintothewateryblood
plasma.
New!:AnemiaandDigestionSeemore

Disseminatedintravascularcoagulation
Disseminatedintravascularcoagulation(DIC),alsoknownasdisseminated
intravascularcoagulopathyorlesscommonlyasconsumptivecoagulopathy,isa
pathologicalprocesscharacterizedbythewidespreadactivationoftheclotting
cascadethatresultsintheformationofbloodclotsinthesmallbloodvessels
throughoutthebody.
New!:AnemiaandDisseminatedintravascularcoagulationSeemore

DNAreplication
DNAreplicationistheprocessofproducingtwoidenticalreplicasfromone
originalDNAmolecule.
New!:AnemiaandDNAreplicationSeemore

Dog
Thedomesticdog(CanislupusfamiliarisorCanisfamiliaris)isadomesticated
canidwhichhasbeenselectivelybredformillenniaforvariousbehaviors,
sensorycapabilities,andphysicalattributes.
New!:AnemiaandDogSeemore

Dyspnea
Dyspnea,dyspnoea,shortnessofbreathorbreathlessnessisthefeelingor
feelingsassociatedwithimpairedbreathing.
New!:AnemiaandDyspneaSeemore

Endocrinedisease
Endocrinediseasesaredisordersoftheendocrinesystem.
New!:AnemiaandEndocrinediseaseSeemore

Epoetinalfa
Epoetinalfa(rINN)ishumanerythropoietinproducedincellcultureusing
recombinantDNAtechnology.
New!:AnemiaandEpoetinalfaSeemore

Erythrocytesedimentationrate
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Theerythrocytesedimentationrate(ESR),alsocalledasedimentationrateor
WestergrenESR,istherateatwhichredbloodcellssedimentinaperiodofone
hour.
New!:AnemiaandErythrocytesedimentationrateSeemore

Erythropoiesis
Erythropoiesis(fromGreek'erythro'meaning"red"and'poiesis'meaning"to
make")istheprocesswhichproducesredbloodcells(erythrocytes).
New!:AnemiaandErythropoiesisSeemore

Erythropoiesisstimulatingagent
Erythropoiesisstimulatingagent,commonlyabbreviatedESA,anagentsimilarto
thecytokine(erythropoietin)thatstimulatesredbloodcellproduction
(erythropoeisis).
New!:AnemiaandErythropoiesisstimulatingagentSeemore

Erythropoietin
Erythropoietin,(from,erythros'red'and,poiein'make')also
knownasEPO,isaglycoproteinhormonethatcontrolserythropoiesis,orred
bloodcellproduction.
New!:AnemiaandErythropoietinSeemore

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy(alsospelledoesophagogastroduodenoscopy)
orpanendoscopyisadiagnosticendoscopicprocedurethatvisualizestheupper
partofthegastrointestinaltractuptotheduodenum.
New!:AnemiaandEsophagogastroduodenoscopySeemore

Fanconianemia
Fanconianemia(FA)isaveryraregeneticdiseasewithanincidenceof1per
350,000births,withahigherfrequencyinAshkenaziJewsandAfrikanersin
SouthAfrica.
New!:AnemiaandFanconianemiaSeemore

Fatigue(medical)
Fatigue(alsocalledexhaustion,tiredness,languidness,languor,lassitude,and
listlessness)isasubjectivefeelingoftirednesswhichisdistinctfromweakness,
andhasagradualonset.
New!:AnemiaandFatigue(medical) Seemore

Fecaloccultblood
Fecaloccultblood(FOB)referstobloodinthefecesthatisnotvisiblyapparent
(unlikeothertypesofbloodinstoolsuchasmelenaorhematochezia).
New!:AnemiaandFecaloccultbloodSeemore
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Femtolitre
Thefemtolitre(USfemtoliter)isthemetricunitofvolumeequalto1015litres,or
onethousandtrillionth(European)oronequadrillionth(American)litre.
New!:AnemiaandFemtolitreSeemore

Ferritin
Ferritinisaubiquitousintracellularproteinthatstoresironandreleasesitina
controlledfashion.
New!:AnemiaandFerritinSeemore

Flowcytometry
Inbiotechnology,flowcytometryisalaserbased,biophysicaltechnology
employedincellcounting,cellsorting,biomarkerdetectionandprotein
engineering,bysuspendingcellsinastreamoffluidandpassingthembyan
electronicdetectionapparatus.
New!:AnemiaandFlowcytometrySeemore

Folatedeficiency
Folatedeficiencyisalowleveloffolicacidinthebody.
New!:AnemiaandFolatedeficiencySeemore

Folicacid
FolicacidorfolateisaBvitamin.
New!:AnemiaandFolicacidSeemore

Functionalmurmur
Afunctionalmurmur(innocentmurmur,physiologicmurmur)isaheartmurmur
thatisprimarilyduetophysiologicconditionsoutsidetheheart,asopposedto
structuraldefectsintheheartitself.
New!:AnemiaandFunctionalmurmur Seemore

Gastricbypasssurgery
Gastricbypasssurgeryreferstoasurgicalprocedureinwhichthestomachis
dividedintoasmallupperpouchandamuchlargerlower"remnant"pouchand
thenthesmallintestineisrearrangedtoconnecttoboth.
New!:AnemiaandGastricbypasssurgerySeemore

Gastrointestinalbleeding
Gastrointestinalbleed(GIbleed),alsoknownasgastrointestinalhemorrhage,is
allformsofbloodlossfromthegastrointestinaltract,fromthemouthtothe
rectum.
New!:AnemiaandGastrointestinalbleedingSeemore

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Geneticdisorder
Ageneticdisorderisageneticproblemcausedbyoneormoreabnormalitiesin
thegenome,especiallyaconditionthatispresentfrombirth(congenital).
New!:AnemiaandGeneticdisorder Seemore

GeorgeMinot
NottobeconfusedwithAmericanhistorianandjudgeGeorgeRichardsMinot
(judge)(17581802)GeorgeRichardsMinot(December2,1885February25,
1950)wasanAmericanmedicalresearcherwhosharedthe1934NobelPrize
withGeorgeHoytWhippleandWilliamP.Murphyfortheirpioneeringworkon
perniciousanemia.
New!:AnemiaandGeorgeMinotSeemore

GeorgeWhipple
GeorgeHoytWhipple(August28,1878February1,1976)wasanAmerican
physician,pathologist,biomedicalresearcher,andmedicalschooleducatorand
administrator.
New!:AnemiaandGeorgeWhippleSeemore

Globin
Theglobinsareafamilyofglobularproteins,whicharethoughttosharea
commonancestor.
New!:AnemiaandGlobinSeemore

Glossitis
Glossitiscanmeansorenessofthetongue,ormoreusuallyinflammationwith
depapillationofthedorsalsurfaceofthetongue(lossofthelingualpapillae),
leavingasmoothanderythematous(reddened)surface,(sometimesspecifically
termedatrophicglossitis).
New!:AnemiaandGlossitisSeemore

Glucose6phosphatedehydrogenasedeficiency
Glucose6phosphatedehydrogenasedeficiency(G6PDdeficiency)alsoknown
asfavism(afterthefavabean)isanXlinkedrecessivegeneticconditionthat
predisposestohemolysis(spontaneousdestructionofredbloodcells)and
resultantjaundiceinresponsetoanumberoftriggers,suchascertainfoods,
illness,ormedication.
New!:AnemiaandGlucose6phosphatedehydrogenasedeficiencySeemore

Glutathionesynthetase
Glutathionesynthetase(GSS)(EC6.3.2.3)isthesecondenzymeinthe
glutathionebiosynthesispathway.
New!:AnemiaandGlutathionesynthetaseSeemore

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Glycolysis
Glycolysis(fromglycose,anoldertermforglucose+lysisdegradation)isthe
metabolicpathwaythatconvertsglucoseC6H12O6,intopyruvate,CH3COCOO
+H+.
New!:AnemiaandGlycolysisSeemore

Heart
Theheartisamuscularorganinhumansandotheranimals,whichpumpsblood
throughthebloodvesselsofthecirculatorysystem.
New!:AnemiaandHeartSeemore

Heartfailure
Heartfailure(HF),oftenreferredtoascongestiveheartfailure(CHF),occurs
whentheheartisunabletopumpsufficientlytomaintainbloodflowtomeetthe
body'sneeds.
New!:AnemiaandHeartfailureSeemore

Heinzbody
Heinzbodies(alsoreferredtoas"HeinzEhrlichbodies")areinclusionswithin
redbloodcellscomposedofdenaturedhemoglobin.
New!:AnemiaandHeinzbodySeemore

Hematocrit
Thehematocrit(HtorHCT,BritishEnglishspellinghaematocrit),alsoknownas
packedcellvolume(PCV)orerythrocytevolumefraction(EVF),isthevolume
percentage(%)ofredbloodcellsinblood.
New!:AnemiaandHematocritSeemore

Hematology
Hematology,alsospelledhaematology(fromtheGreek,haima"blood"and
o),isthebranchofmedicineconcernedwiththestudy,diagnosis,treatment,
andpreventionofdiseasesrelatedtotheblood.
New!:AnemiaandHematologySeemore

Heme
Heme(AmericanEnglish)orhaem(BritishEnglish)isacofactorconsistingofan
Fe2+(ferrous)ioncontainedinthecentreofalargeheterocyclicorganicring
calledaporphyrin,madeupoffourpyrrolicgroupsjoinedtogetherbymethine
bridges.
New!:AnemiaandHemeSeemore

Hemodialysis

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Hemodialysis,alsospelledhaemodialysis,commonlycalledkidneydialysisor
simplydialysis,isaprocessofpurifyingthebloodofapersonwhosekidneysare
notworkingnormally.
New!:AnemiaandHemodialysisSeemore

Hemoglobin
HemoglobinalsospelledhaemoglobinandabbreviatedHborHgb,istheiron
containingoxygentransportmetalloproteinintheredbloodcellsofall
vertebrates(withtheexceptionofthefishfamilyChannichthyidae)aswellasthe
tissuesofsomeinvertebrates.
New!:AnemiaandHemoglobinSeemore

Hemoglobinelectrophoresis
Hemoglobinelectrophoresisisabloodtestthatcandetectdifferenttypesof
hemoglobin.
New!:AnemiaandHemoglobinelectrophoresisSeemore

Hemoglobinopathy
Hemoglobinopathyisakindofgeneticdefectthatresultsinabnormalstructure
ofoneoftheglobinchainsofthehemoglobinmolecule.
New!:AnemiaandHemoglobinopathySeemore

Hemolysis
>|ICD9.
New!:AnemiaandHemolysisSeemore

Hemolyticanemia
Hemolyticanemiaisaformofanemiaduetohemolysis,theabnormal
breakdownofredbloodcells(RBCs),eitherinthebloodvessels(intravascular
hemolysis)orelsewhereinthehumanbody(extravascular).
New!:AnemiaandHemolyticanemiaSeemore

Hemolyticdiseaseofthenewborn
Hemolyticdiseaseofthenewborn,alsoknownashemolyticdiseaseofthefetus
andnewborn,HDN,HDFN,orerythroblastosisfetalis,isanalloimmunecondition
thatdevelopsinafetus,whentheIgGmolecules(oneofthefivemaintypesof
antibodies)producedbythemotherpassthroughtheplacenta.
New!:AnemiaandHemolyticdiseaseofthenewbornSeemore

Hereditaryelliptocytosis
Hereditaryelliptocytosis,alsoknownasovalocytosis,isaninheritedblood
disorderinwhichanabnormallylargenumberofthepatient'serythrocytes(i.e.
redbloodcells)areellipticalratherthanthetypicalbiconcavediscshape.
New!:AnemiaandHereditaryelliptocytosisSeemore
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Hereditaryspherocytosis
Hereditaryspherocytosis(alsoknownasMinkowskiChauffardsyndrome)isan
autosomaldominantabnormalityoferythrocytes.
New!:AnemiaandHereditaryspherocytosisSeemore

Hexokinase
Ahexokinaseisanenzymethatphosphorylateshexoses(sixcarbonsugars),
forminghexosephosphate.
New!:AnemiaandHexokinaseSeemore

Hookworminfection
Hookworminfection,alsoknownashookwormdisease,isaninfectionbya
parasiticbloodsuckingroundworm.
New!:AnemiaandHookworminfectionSeemore

Humanironmetabolism
Humanironmetabolismisthesetofchemicalreactionsmaintaininghuman
homeostasisofironatboththesystemicandcellularlevel.
New!:AnemiaandHumanironmetabolismSeemore

Hyperbaricmedicine
Hyperbaricmedicine,alsoknownashyperbaricoxygentherapy(HBOT),isthe
medicaluseofoxygenatalevelhigherthanatmosphericpressure.
New!:AnemiaandHyperbaricmedicineSeemore

Hyperdynamiccirculation
Hyperdynamiccirculationisabnormallyincreasedcirculatoryvolume.
New!:AnemiaandHyperdynamiccirculationSeemore

Hypervolemia
Hypervolemia,orfluidoverload,isthemedicalconditionwherethereistoomuch
fluidintheblood.
New!:AnemiaandHypervolemiaSeemore

Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism(fromhypomeaningunderorreduced,plusthyroid),often
calledunderactivethyroidorlowthyroidandsometimeshypothyreosis,isa
commondisorderoftheendocrinesysteminwhichthethyroidglanddoesnot
produceenoughthyroidhormone.
New!:AnemiaandHypothyroidismSeemore

Idiopathy
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Anidiopathyisanydiseasewithunknownpathogenesisorapparently
spontaneousorigin.
New!:AnemiaandIdiopathySeemore

Inflammation
Inflammation(Latin,inflammatio)ispartofthecomplexbiologicalresponseof
bodytissuestoharmfulstimuli,suchaspathogens,damagedcells,orirritants.
New!:AnemiaandInflammationSeemore

Injury
Injuryisdamagetothebody.
New!:AnemiaandInjurySeemore

Intelligencequotient
Anintelligencequotient(IQ)isascorederivedfromoneofseveralstandardized
testsdesignedtoassesshumanintelligence.
New!:AnemiaandIntelligencequotientSeemore

Intrinsicfactor
Intrinsicfactor(IF),alsoknownasgastricintrinsicfactor(GIF),isaglycoprotein
producedbytheparietalcellsofthestomach.
New!:AnemiaandIntrinsicfactor Seemore

Iron
IronisachemicalelementwithsymbolFe(fromferrum)andatomicnumber26.
New!:AnemiaandIronSeemore

Irondeficiency
Irondeficiency(sideropeniaorhypoferremia)isthemostcommonnutritional
deficiencyintheworld.
New!:AnemiaandIrondeficiencySeemore

Ironsupplement
Ironsupplementsaredietarysupplementscontainingironthatcanbeprescribed
byadoctorforamedicalreason,orpurchasedfromavitaminshop,drugstore
etc.
New!:AnemiaandIronsupplementSeemore

Iron(II)fumarate
Iron(II)fumarate,alsoknownasferrousfumarate,istheiron(II)saltoffumaric
acid,occurringasareddishorangepowder,usedtosupplementironintake.
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Iron(II)gluconate
Iron(II)gluconate,orferrousgluconate,isablackcompoundoftenusedasan
ironsupplement.
New!:AnemiaandIron(II)gluconateSeemore

Iron(II)sulfate
Iron(II)sulfate(BritishEnglish:iron(II)sulphate)orferroussulfateisasaltwith
theformulaFeSO4.
New!:AnemiaandIron(II)sulfateSeemore

Irondeficiencyanemia
Irondeficiencyanemia,alsospelledirondeficiencyanaemia,isdefinedasa
decreaseintheamountofredbloodcells(RBCs)orhemoglobinintheblood
duetonotenoughiron.
New!:AnemiaandIrondeficiencyanemiaSeemore

Jaundice
Jaundice,alsoknownasicterus,isayellowishpigmentationoftheskin,the
conjunctivalmembranesoverthesclerae(whitesoftheeyes),andothermucous
membranescausedbyhighbloodbilirubinlevels.
New!:AnemiaandJaundiceSeemore

Jehovah'sWitnessesandbloodtransfusions
Jehovah'sWitnessesbelievethattheBibleprohibitsingestingbloodandthat
Christiansshouldnotacceptbloodtransfusionsordonateorstoretheirown
bloodfortransfusion.
New!:AnemiaandJehovah'sWitnessesandbloodtransfusionsSeemore

Koilonychia
Koilonychia(fromtheGreek:koilos,hollow,onikh,nail),alsoknownasspoon
nails,James,WilliamBerger,TimothyElston,Dirk(2005).
New!:AnemiaandKoilonychiaSeemore

Lactatedehydrogenase
Alactatedehydrogenase(LDHorLD)isanenzymefoundinnearlyallliving
cells(animals,plants,andprokaryotes).
New!:AnemiaandLactatedehydrogenaseSeemore

Lead
LeadisachemicalelementinthecarbongroupwithsymbolPb(fromplumbum)
andatomicnumber82.
New!:AnemiaandLeadSeemore

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Leadpoisoning
Leadpoisoning(alsoknownasplumbism,colicapictorum,saturnism,Devon
colic,orpainter'scolic)isatypeofmetalpoisoningandamedicalconditionin
humansandothervertebratescausedbyincreasedlevelsoftheheavymetal
leadinthebody.
New!:AnemiaandLeadpoisoningSeemore

Leg
Alegisaweightbearingandlocomotivestructure,usuallyhavingacolumnar
shape.
New!:AnemiaandLegSeemore

Lining
Liningmayreferto.
New!:AnemiaandLiningSeemore

Liverdisease
Liverdisease(alsocalledhepaticdisease)isatypeofdamagetoordiseaseof
theliver.
New!:AnemiaandLiverdiseaseSeemore

Macrocyticanemia
ThetermmacrocyticisfromGreekwordsmeaning"largecell".
New!:AnemiaandMacrocyticanemiaSeemore

Macrocytosis
Macrocytosisistheenlargementofredbloodcellswithnearconstant
hemoglobinconcentration,andisdefinedbyameancorpuscularvolume(MCV)
ofgreaterthan100femtolitres(theprecisecriterionvariesbetween
laboratories).
New!:AnemiaandMacrocytosisSeemore

Majortrauma
Majortraumaisanyinjurythatcanpotentiallyleadtoseriousoutcomes.
New!:AnemiaandMajortraumaSeemore

Malabsorption
Malabsorptionisastatearisingfromabnormalityinabsorptionoffoodnutrients
acrossthegastrointestinal(GI)tract.
New!:AnemiaandMalabsorptionSeemore

Malaise
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Malaiseisafeelingofgeneraldiscomfortoruneasiness,ofbeing"outofsorts",
oftenthefirstindicationofaninfectionorotherdisease.
New!:AnemiaandMalaiseSeemore

Malaria
Malariaisamosquitoborneinfectiousdiseaseofhumansandotheranimals
causedbyparasiticprotozoans(agroupofsinglecelledmicroorganism)
belongingtothegenusPlasmodium.
New!:AnemiaandMalariaSeemore

Meancorpuscularhemoglobin
Themeancorpuscularhemoglobin(MCH),or"meancellhemoglobin"(MCH),is
theaveragemassofhemoglobinperredbloodcellinasampleofblood.
New!:AnemiaandMeancorpuscularhemoglobinSeemore

Meancorpuscularhemoglobinconcentration
Themeancorpuscularhemoglobinconcentration,ameasureofthe
concentrationofhemoglobininagivenvolumeofpackedredbloodcells.
New!:AnemiaandMeancorpuscularhemoglobinconcentrationSeemore

Meancorpuscularvolume
Themeancorpuscularvolume,ormeancellvolume(MCV),isameasureofthe
averagevolumeofaredbloodcorpuscle(orredbloodcell).
New!:AnemiaandMeancorpuscularvolumeSeemore

Medicine
Medicine(BritishEnglishAmericanEnglish)isthescienceandpracticeofthe
diagnosis,treatment,andpreventionofdisease.
New!:AnemiaandMedicineSeemore

Megaloblasticanemia
Megaloblasticanemia(ormegaloblasticanaemia)isananemia(ofmacrocytic
classification)thatresultsfrominhibitionofDNAsynthesisduringredbloodcell
production.
New!:AnemiaandMegaloblasticanemiaSeemore

Menorrhagia
Menorrhagiaorhematomuniaisanabnormallyheavyandprolongedmenstrual
periodatirregularintervals.
New!:AnemiaandMenorrhagiaSeemore

Menstruation

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Menstruation,alsoknownasaperiodormonthly,istheregulardischargeof
bloodandmucosaltissuefromtheinnerliningoftheuterusthroughthevagina.
New!:AnemiaandMenstruationSeemore

Mentzerindex
TheMentzerindex,describedin1973byMentzer,issaidtobehelpfulin
differentiatingirondeficiencyanemiafrombetathalassemia.
New!:AnemiaandMentzerindexSeemore

Methotrexate
Methotrexate(INN,AAN,BANandUSAN),abbreviatedMTXandformerlyknown
asamethopterin,isanantimetaboliteandantifolatedrug.
New!:AnemiaandMethotrexateSeemore

Microangiopathichemolyticanemia
Inmedicine(hematology)microangiopathichemolyticanemia(MAHA)isa
microangiopathicsubgroupofhemolyticanemia(lossofredbloodcellsthrough
destruction)causedbyfactorsinthesmallbloodvessels.
New!:AnemiaandMicroangiopathichemolyticanemiaSeemore

Microcyticanemia
Microcyticanaemiaisanyofseveraltypesofanemiacharacterizedbysmallred
bloodcells(calledmicrocytes).
New!:AnemiaandMicrocyticanemiaSeemore

Microscope
Amicroscope(fromthe,mikrs,"small"and,skopen,"tolook"or
"see")isaninstrumentusedtoseeobjectsthataretoosmallforthenakedeye.
New!:AnemiaandMicroscopeSeemore

Mucousmembrane
Amucousmembraneormucosa(plural,mucosaeormucosasLatintunica
mucosa)isaliningofmostlyendodermalorigin.
New!:AnemiaandMucousmembraneSeemore

Myelodysplasticsyndrome
Themyelodysplasticsyndromes(alsoknownasMDSormyelodysplasia)are
hematological(i.e.,bloodrelated)medicalconditionswithineffectiveproduction
(or"dysplasia")ofallbloodcells.
New!:AnemiaandMyelodysplasticsyndromeSeemore

Myelophthisicanemia

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Myelophthisicanemia(ormyelophthisis)isaseverekindofanemiafoundin
somepeoplewithdiseasesthataffectthebonemarrow.
New!:AnemiaandMyelophthisicanemiaSeemore

Nailmatrix
Thenailmatrixistheformativelayerofcellsatthebaseofthefingernailor
toenail.
New!:AnemiaandNailmatrixSeemore

Nematode
ThenematodesorroundwormsconstitutethephylumNematoda.
New!:AnemiaandNematodeSeemore

NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine
TheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine(Nobelprisetifysiologiellermedicin)
administeredbytheNobelFoundation,isawardedonceayearforoutstanding
discoveriesinthefieldsoflifesciencesandmedicine.
New!:AnemiaandNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineSeemore

Normoblast
Anerythroblastisatypeofredbloodcellwhichstillretainsacellnucleus.
New!:AnemiaandNormoblastSeemore

Normocyticanemia
Normocyticanemiaisacommonissuethatoccursformenandwomentypically
over85yearsold.
New!:AnemiaandNormocyticanemiaSeemore

Onion
Theonion(AlliumcepaL.)(Latin'cepa'.
New!:AnemiaandOnionSeemore

Oxidativestress
Oxidativestressreflectsanimbalancebetweenthesystemicmanifestationof
reactiveoxygenspeciesandabiologicalsystem'sabilitytoreadilydetoxifythe
reactiveintermediatesortorepairtheresultingdamage.
New!:AnemiaandOxidativestressSeemore

Oxygen
OxygenisachemicalelementwithsymbolOandatomicnumber8.
New!:AnemiaandOxygenSeemore

Pale
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Palemayreferto.
New!:AnemiaandPaleSeemore

Pallor
Pallorisapalecoloroftheskinthatcanbecausedbyillness,emotionalshock
orstress,stimulantuse,oranemia,andistheresultofareducedamountof
oxyhaemoglobinandisvisibleinskinormucousmembrane.
New!:AnemiaandPallor Seemore

Palpitations
Palpitationisaperceivedabnormalityoftheheartbeatcharacterizedby
awarenessofheartmusclecontractionsinthechest:hardbeats,fastbeats,
irregularbeats,and/orpauses.
New!:AnemiaandPalpitationsSeemore

Paracetamol
Paracetamol,alsoknownasacetaminophenorAPAP,isawidelyusedoverthe
counterpainmedicationandantipyretic(feverreducer).
New!:AnemiaandParacetamolSeemore

Parietalcell
Parietalcells(alsoknownasoxynticordelomorphouscells),aretheepithelial
cellsthatsecretehydrochloricacid(HCl)andintrinsicfactor.
New!:AnemiaandParietalcellSeemore

Paroxysmalnocturnalhemoglobinuria
Paroxysmalnocturnalhemoglobinuria(PNH),previouslyMarchiafavaMicheli
syndrome,isarare,acquired,lifethreateningdiseaseoftheblood
characterizedbydestructionofredbloodcellsbythecomplementsystem,apart
ofthebody'sintrinsicimmunesystem.
New!:AnemiaandParoxysmalnocturnalhemoglobinuriaSeemore

Pepticulcer
Pepticulcerdisease(PUD),alsoknownasapepticulcerorstomachulcer,isa
breakintheliningofthestomach,firstpartofthesmallintestine,oroccasionally
theloweresophagus.
New!:AnemiaandPepticulcer Seemore

Peripheralneuropathy
Peripheralneuropathy(PN)isdamagetoordiseaseaffectingnerves,whichmay
impairsensation,movement,glandororganfunction,orotheraspectsofhealth,
dependingonthetypeofnerveaffected.
New!:AnemiaandPeripheralneuropathySeemore

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Perniciousanemia
Perniciousanemia(alsoknownasBiermer'sanemia,Addison'sanemia,or
AddisonBiermeranemia)isoneofmanytypesofthelargerfamilyof
megaloblasticanemias.
New!:AnemiaandPerniciousanemiaSeemore

Pica(disorder)
Picaischaracterizedbyanappetiteforsubstancesthatarelargelynonnutritive,
suchaspaper,clay,metal,chalk,soil,glass,orsand.
New!:AnemiaandPica(disorder) Seemore

Polyp(medicine)
Apolypisanabnormalgrowthoftissueprojectingfromamucousmembrane.
New!:AnemiaandPolyp(medicine) Seemore

Pregnancy
Pregnancy,alsoknownasgravidityorgestation,isthetimeduringwhichoneor
moreoffspringdevelopsinsideawoman.
New!:AnemiaandPregnancySeemore

Pureredcellaplasia
Pureredcellaplasia(PRCA)orerythroblastopeniareferstoatypeofanemia
affectingtheprecursorstoredbloodcellsbutnottowhitebloodcells.
New!:AnemiaandPureredcellaplasiaSeemore

Pyruvatekinase
XrayCrystallographyDerived>Pyruvatekinaseisanenzymeinvolvedin
glycolysis.
New!:AnemiaandPyruvatekinaseSeemore

RecombinantDNA
RecombinantDNA(rDNA)moleculesareDNAmoleculesformedbylaboratory
methodsofgeneticrecombination(suchasmolecularcloning)tobringtogether
geneticmaterialfrommultiplesources,creatingsequencesthatwouldnot
otherwisebefoundinthegenome.
New!:AnemiaandRecombinantDNASeemore

Redbloodcell
Redbloodcells(RBCs),alsocallederythrocytes,arethemostcommontypeof
bloodcellandthevertebrateorganism'sprincipalmeansofdeliveringoxygen
(O2)tothebodytissuesviabloodflowthroughthecirculatorysystem.
New!:AnemiaandRedbloodcellSeemore

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Redbloodcelldistributionwidth
Redbloodcelldistributionwidth(RDWCVorRCDWandRDWSD)isameasure
oftherangeofvariationofredbloodcell(RBC)volumethatisreportedaspart
ofastandardcompletebloodcount.
New!:AnemiaandRedbloodcelldistributionwidthSeemore

Religion
Areligionisanorganizedcollectionofbeliefs,culturalsystems,andworldviews
thatrelatehumanitytoanorderofexistence.
New!:AnemiaandReligionSeemore

Renalfailure
Renalfailure,alsoknownaskidneyfailureorrenalinsufficiency,isamedical
conditioninwhichthekidneysfailtoadequatelyfilterwasteproductsfromthe
blood.
New!:AnemiaandRenalfailureSeemore

Renalfunction
#Renalfunction,innephrology,isanindicationofthestateofthekidneyandits
roleinrenalphysiology.
New!:AnemiaandRenalfunctionSeemore

Restlesslegssyndrome
Restlesslegssyndrome(RLS)alsoknownasWillisEkbomdisease(WED)or
WittmaackEkbomsyndrome,isaneurologicaldisordercharacterizedbyan
irresistibleurgetomoveone'sbodytostopuncomfortableoroddsensations.
New!:AnemiaandRestlesslegssyndromeSeemore

Reticulocyte
Reticulocytesareimmatureredbloodcells,typicallycomposingabout1%ofthe
redcellsinthehumanbody.
New!:AnemiaandReticulocyteSeemore

Reticulocyteindex
TheReticulocyteproductionindex(RPI,alsocalledacorrectedreticulocyte
count)isacalculatedvalueusedinthediagnosisofanemia.
New!:AnemiaandReticulocyteindexSeemore

Rhdisease
Rhdisease(alsoknownasRhesusisoimmunisation,Rh(D)disease,Rhesus
incompatibility,Rhesusdisease,RhDHemolyticDiseaseoftheNewborn,Rhesus
DHemolyticDiseaseoftheNewbornorRhDHDN)isoneofthecausesof
hemolyticdiseaseofthenewborn(HDN).
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New!:AnemiaandRhdiseaseSeemore

Schistosomiasis
Schistosomiasis,alsoknownasbilharzia,snailfever,andKatayamafever,isa
diseasecausedbyparasiticwormsoftheSchistosomatype.
New!:AnemiaandSchistosomiasisSeemore

Serumiron
Serumironisamedicallaboratorytestthatmeasurestheamountofcirculating
ironthatisboundtotransferrin.
New!:AnemiaandSerumironSeemore

Sicklecelldisease
Sicklecelldisease(SCD),alsoknownassicklecellanaemia(SCA)and
drepanocytosis,isahereditaryblooddisorder,characterizedbyanabnormality
intheoxygencarryinghaemoglobinmoleculeinredbloodcells.
New!:AnemiaandSicklecelldiseaseSeemore

Sideroblasticanemia
Sideroblasticanemiaorsideroachresticanemiaisaformofanemiainwhichthe
bonemarrowproducesringedsideroblastsratherthanhealthyredbloodcells
(erythrocytes).
New!:AnemiaandSideroblasticanemiaSeemore

Skin
Skinisthesoftoutercoveringofvertebrates.
New!:AnemiaandSkinSeemore

Spleen
Thespleen(fromGreekspln)isanorganfoundinvirtuallyall
vertebrates.
New!:AnemiaandSpleenSeemore

Subacutecombineddegenerationofspinalcord
Subacutecombineddegenerationofspinalcord,alsoknownasLichtheim's
disease,referstodegenerationoftheposteriorandlateralcolumnsofthespinal
cordasaresultofvitaminB12deficiency(mostcommon),vitaminEdeficiency,
andcopperdeficiency.
New!:AnemiaandSubacutecombineddegenerationofspinalcordSeemore

Surgery
Surgery(fromthecheirourgik(composedof,"hand",and
,"work"),viachirurgiae,meaning"handwork")isanancientmedical
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specialtythatusesoperativemanualandinstrumentaltechniquesonapatientto
investigateand/ortreatapathologicalconditionsuchasdiseaseorinjury,to
helpimprovebodilyfunctionorappearanceortorepairunwantedruptured
areas(forexample,aperforatedeardrum).
New!:AnemiaandSurgerySeemore

Syncope(medicine)
Syncope,alsoknownasfainting,passingoutandswooning,isdefinedasa
shortlossofconsciousnessandmusclestrength,characterizedbyafastonset,
shortduration,andspontaneousrecovery.
New!:AnemiaandSyncope(medicine) Seemore

Systemiclupuserythematosus
Systemiclupuserythematosus,oftenabbreviatedasSLEorlupus,isasystemic
autoimmunedisease(orautoimmuneconnectivetissuedisease)inwhichthe
bodysimmunesystemmistakenlyattackshealthytissue.
New!:AnemiaandSystemiclupuserythematosusSeemore

Tachycardia
Tachycardia,alsocalledtachyarrhythmia,isaheartratethatexceedsthenormal
restingrate.
New!:AnemiaandTachycardiaSeemore

Thalassemia
Thalassemia(BritishEnglish:thalassaemia)isaformofinheritedautosomal
recessiveblooddisordercharacterizedbyabnormalformationofhemoglobin.
New!:AnemiaandThalassemiaSeemore

Therapy
Therapy(oftenabbreviatedtxorTx)istheattemptedremediationofahealth
problem,usuallyfollowingadiagnosis.
New!:AnemiaandTherapySeemore

Thromboticthrombocytopenicpurpura
Thromboticthrombocytopenicpurpura(TTPorMoschcowitzsyndrome)isarare
disorderofthebloodcoagulationsystem,causingextensivemicroscopicclotsto
forminthesmallbloodvesselsthroughoutthebody.
New!:AnemiaandThromboticthrombocytopenicpurpuraSeemore

Transferrin
Transferrinsareironbindingbloodplasmaglycoproteinsthatcontrolthelevelof
freeironinbiologicalfluids.
New!:AnemiaandTransferrinSeemore

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Transmission(medicine)
Inmedicineandbiology,transmissionisthepassingofacommunicabledisease
fromaninfectedhostindividualorgrouptoaparticularindividualorgroup,
regardlessofwhethertheotherindividualwaspreviouslyinfected.
New!:AnemiaandTransmission(medicine) Seemore

Trichuristrichiura
Thehumanwhipworm(TrichuristrichiuraorTrichocephalustrichiuris)isaround
worm(atypeofhelminth)thatcausestrichuriasis(atypeofhelminthiasiswhich
isoneoftheneglectedtropicaldiseases)whenitinfectsahumanlargeintestine.
New!:AnemiaandTrichuristrichiuraSeemore

Tumorsofthehematopoieticandlymphoidtissues
Tumorsofthehematopoieticandlymphoidtissuesorhaematopoieticand
lymphoidmalignanciesaretumorsthataffecttheblood,bonemarrow,lymph,
andlymphaticsystem.
New!:AnemiaandTumorsofthehematopoieticandlymphoidtissuesSeemore

Ulcer
Anulcerisadiscontinuityorbreakinabodilymembranethatimpedestheorgan
ofwhichthatmembraneisapartfromcontinuingitsnormalfunctions.
New!:AnemiaandUlcer Seemore

UnderseaandHyperbaricMedicalSociety
TheUnderseaandHyperbaricMedicalSociety(UHMS)istheprimarysourceof
informationfordivingandhyperbaricmedicinephysiologyworldwide.
New!:AnemiaandUnderseaandHyperbaricMedicalSocietySeemore

Uterinefibroid
Uterinefibroids,alsoknownasuterineleiomyoma,myoma,fibromyoma,
fibroleiomyoma,arebenignsmoothmuscletumorsoftheuterus.
New!:AnemiaandUterinefibroidSeemore

Ventricularhypertrophy
Ventricularhypertrophyisthethickeningoftheventricularwalls(lower
chambers)intheheart.
New!:AnemiaandVentricularhypertrophySeemore

VitaminB12
VitaminB12,vitaminB12orvitaminB12,alsocalledcobalamin,isawater
solublevitaminwithakeyroleinthenormalfunctioningofthebrainandnervous
system,andfortheformationofblood.
New!:AnemiaandVitaminB12Seemore
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VitaminB12deficiency
VitaminB12deficiency,alsoknownashypocobalaminemia,referstolowblood
levelsofvitaminB12.
New!:AnemiaandVitaminB12deficiencySeemore

VitaminC
VitaminCorLascorbicacid,orsimplyascorbate(theanionofascorbicacid),is
anessentialnutrientforhumansandcertainotheranimalspecies.
New!:AnemiaandVitaminCSeemore

Warmautoimmunehemolyticanemia
WarmAntibodyAutoimmuneHemolyticAnemia(WAIHA)isthemostcommonof
theautoimmunehemolyticdiseases.
New!:AnemiaandWarmautoimmunehemolyticanemiaSeemore

Watson'swaterhammerpulse
Watson'swaterhammerpulseisthemedicalsignwhichdescribesapulsethatis
boundingandforceful,rapidlyincreasingandsubsequentlycollapsing,asifit
werethesoundofawaterhammerthatwascausingthepulse.
New!:AnemiaandWatson'swaterhammerpulseSeemore

Weakness
Weaknessorastheniaisasymptomofanumberofdifferentconditions.
New!:AnemiaandWeaknessSeemore

Whitebloodcell
Whitebloodcells(WBCs),alsocalledleukocytesorleucocytes,arethecellsof
theimmunesystemthatareinvolvedinprotectingthebodyagainstboth
infectiousdiseaseandforeigninvaders.
New!:AnemiaandWhitebloodcellSeemore

WilliamP.Murphy
WilliamParryMurphy(Stoughton,Wisconsin,February6,1892October9,
1987)wasanAmericanphysicianwhosharedtheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyor
Medicinein1934withGeorgeRichardsMinotandGeorgeHoytWhipplefortheir
combinedworkindevisingandtreatingmacrocyticanemia(specifically,
perniciousanemia).
New!:AnemiaandWilliamP.MurphySeemore

Zidovudine
Zidovudine(ZDV),alsoknownasazidothymidine(AZT),isanantiretroviral
medicationusedtopreventandtreatHIV/AIDS.
New!:AnemiaandZidovudineSeemore
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Zinc
Zinc,incommercealsospelter,isachemicalelementwithsymbolZnandatomic
number30.
New!:AnemiaandZincSeemore

References
[1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemia

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