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By:
Ferya Moayedi,
Salman Soleimani
January 18, 2013
Total of 27 Pages
Load Combinations
Load Combinations
1.25D or 0.9D?!
Use 1.25 when the dead load is unfavorable for design
Use 0.90 when the dead load is in favour for design
CIVL331 - Loads by F. Moayedi, S.Soleimani
Load Combinations
1.25D or 0.9D?!
DL
DL
Companion Action
Collapse
Determining Loads
Dead Load
Weight of the structural components
Floors, ceilings, exterior walls, permanent partitions
Water in swimming pool
Determining Loads
Live Load
Determining Loads
Snow load
Determining Loads
Snow load
10
Wind Load
11
Wind Load
=
Where:
P = equivalent static external wind
pressure
q = reference velocity pressure
Ce = exposure factor
Cg = gust effect factor
Cp = external pressure coefficient
Iw = Importance factor for wind load
=
Where:
P = equivalent static internal wind
pressure
q = reference velocity pressure
Ce = exposure factor
Cgi = internal gust effect factor
Cpi = internal pressure coefficient
Iw = Importance factor for wind load
CIVL331 - Loads by F. Moayedi, S.Soleimani
12
Determining Loads
Wind load
13
Determining Loads
Wind load
14
Determining Loads
Wind load
15
Determining Loads
Wind load
16
Determining Loads
Earthquake Loads
Earthquakes do not impose loads, they impose displacements
with highly varying frequencies, velocities and accelerations
17
rock formations
distance
rupture
deflection
frequency content (~2-30 Hz)
18
1st mode
3 5 Hz
19
F2= M2.a2
F1= M1.a1
M3
M2
M1
Base shear V
Input motion
CIVL331 - Loads by F. Moayedi, S.Soleimani
20
Earthquake Loads
Dynamic analysis (can be quite complex)
Equivalent Static Force procedure is used according to
the requirements of NBCC 2010
Advanced courses offered at UBC: CIVL 505, 507, 509
21
Earthquake Load
=
0
Source: Clause 4.1.8.11, NBCC 2010
Where
= base shear
= response factor; this depends on the buildings characteristics
(function of , )
22
Importance Factors
Defined in Cl. 6.2.2 of CSA-S16-01
Building importance categories are based on
use and occupancy of the building
23
Load Path
24
Tributary Area
25
Tributary Area
26
Any Questions?
Salman Soleimani:
salman@civil.ubc.ca
Ferya Moayedi:
ferya@civil.ubc.ca
27