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‫احكام التجؤيد‬
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‫ نون سا كنة و التنوين‬: ‫احكام‬

Rule 2: ‫( االدغام‬Merging)

The merging or inserting of occurs when a non-vowelled letter meets with a vowelled
letter, so that the two letters become one emphasised letter of the latter kind. This should
be read with complete ghunna or with incomplete ghunna depending on the ‫ما بعد‬
following the Noon Saakinah / Tanween.

This rule applies when the Noon Saakinah / Tanween is followed by any of the following
six letters stored in the following acronym: ‫ يرملون‬i.e. ‫ي ر م ل و ن‬

Idghaam is of two types:

a) ‫ بغنة‬/ ‫مع غنة‬
With Ghunna as applicable to the four letters : ‫ي م و ن‬
‫من يعمل‬ ‫ي‬
‫لقوم يؤمنون‬
‫ل مثا ء‬ ‫من ورقة‬ ‫م‬
‫من مقامك‬ ‫و‬
‫رسول نبيا‬ ‫ن‬

b) ‫ بغير‬/ ‫ بدون‬/ ‫بال غنة‬

Without Ghunna as applicable to the two letters : ‫ل ر‬
‫من لد ن‬ ‫ل‬
‫ل مثا ء‬ ‫ويل لكل‬
‫من رحمة‬ ‫ر‬
‫توابا رحيما‬
There is no Idhghaam in the following four instances in the Quran as they appear within
the same word: ‫ قنوان‬- ‫دنيا – بنيان – صنوان‬

Rule 3: ‫( االقال ب‬Changing)

The changing (‫) قلب‬of the letter ‫ ن‬for the letter ‫م‬, hence when reading words affected by
this rule the reading will use the rules of a ‫ م‬following the Noon Saakinah / Tanween i.e.
‫مع غنة ادغام‬

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For example: ‫م‬

‫ا يت بينة‬

In this instance, the word ‘Ayaat’ ends in a tanween with

the haraka dhamma (known as dhammatain). Because the
tanween precedes a letter ‫ب‬the rule of ‫ اال قالب‬occurs
‫م‬
‫من بعد‬

In this instance, the word ‘Min’ ends in a Noon Saakinah and

is followed by the letter ‫ ب‬hence the rule of ‫ اال قالب‬occurs

Rule 4: ‫( االخفاء‬Hiding)

The hiding of the join with the letter following the Noon Saakinah / Tanween causing the
sound to emanate from the upper cavity of the mouth although taking care not to touch
the pallete and ensuring that the majority of the sound emanates from the nose. This is a
state between ‫ اظهار‬and ‫ادغام‬.

This occurs on the remaining letters of the alphabet (see Module 1 for complete
breakdown of these letters) which have not been included in the aforementioned rules of
Noon Saakinah / Tanween.

For example:

‫تنزيل‬
In each of these cases there is a
‫من ثقلت‬ nasal ghunna sound which is
held for the length of one ‫حركة‬
‫الن صبرتم‬

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