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In Chemistry:
Given: 4NH3 + 5O2 6H2O + 4NO
Q - How many moles of NO are produced if
__ mol NH3 are burned in __ mol O2?
4 mol NO, works out exactly
a) 4 mol NH3, 5 mol O2
b) 4 mol NH3, 20 mol O2 4 mol NO, with leftover O2
c) 8 mol NH3, 20 mol O2 8 mol NO, with leftover O2
In Chemistry:
Given: 4NH3 + 5O2 6H2O + 4NO
Q - How many moles of NO are produced if
__ mol NH3 are burned in __ mol O2?
(d) 4 mol NH3, 2.5 mol O2
Example #1
2Ca + O2 2CaO
How many moles of calcium oxide can you form starting with 15
moles of calcium and 12 moles of oxygen?
1.If not already, balance the chemical equation. Balanced.
2.Convert information given into units of moles.
Already in units of moles.
Example #1 (cont)
2Ca + O2 2CaO
How many moles of calcium oxide can you form starting with 15
moles of calcium and 12 moles of oxygen?
4.The reactant with the smallest quotient from step #3 will be the
limiting reagent. Calcium will be the limiting reagent in this
problem.
Example #2
What mass of CO2 can be produced by the reaction of 8.0 grams
of CH4 with 48 grams of O2 according to the equation below?
CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O
1.If not already, balance the chemical equation. Balanced.
2.Convert information given into units of moles. Information given
is in units of grams. We need to use the molar mass of each
reactant to find moles of each reactant.
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Example #2 (cont)
What mass of CO2 can be produced by the reaction of 8.0 grams
of CH4 with 48 grams of O2 according to the equation below?
CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O
Example #2 (cont)
What mass of CO2 can be produced by the reaction of 8.0 grams
of CH4 with 48 grams of O2 according to the equation below?
CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O
4.Work as typical stoichiometry problem using the limiting reagent.
0.5mol CH4 x 1mol CO2 x 44g CO2 = 22g CO2
1mol CH4 1mol CO2
13
# g NO=
20 g NH3 x 1 mol NH3 x 4 mol NO
17.0 g NH3 4 mol NH3
=
30 g O2 x 1 mol O2 x 4 mol NO
32.0 g O2
5 mol O2
=
30.0 g NO
x
1 mol NO
35.3 g NO
30.0 g NO
x
1 mol NO
22.5 g NO
Assignment
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Question 2: shortcut
2Al + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2
If 25 g aluminum was added to 90 g HCl, what
mass of H2 will be produced?
25 g Al x 1 mol Al x 3 mol H2 x 2.0 g H2 = 2.78 g H2
27.0 g Al 2 mol Al 1 mol H2
90 g HCl x1 mol HClx 3 mol H2 x 2.0 g H2 = 2.47 g H2
36.5 g HCl 6 mol HCl 1 mol H2
Question 3: shortcut
N2 + 3H2 2NH3
If you have 20 g of N2 and 5.0 g of H2, which is
the limiting reagent?
# g NH3=
20 g N2 x1 mol N2x 2 mol NH3 x17.0 g NH3= 24.3 g H2
28.0 g N2 1 mol N2 1 mol NH3
# g NH3 =
5.0 g H2 x 1 mol H2 x 2 mol NH3 x17.0 g NH=3 28.3 g H2
2.0 g H2 3 mol H2 1 mol NH3
N2 is the limiting reagent
Question 4: shortcut
4Al + 3O2 2 Al2O3
What mass of aluminum oxide is formed when
10.0 g of Al is burned in 20.0 g of O2?
# g Al2O3=
10.0 g Al x 1 mol Al x 2 mol Al2O3 x102.0 g Al2O3 = 18.9 g Al2O3
1 mol H2
27.0 g Al 4 mol Al
# g Al2O3=
Question 5: shortcut
C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O
When C3H8 burns in oxygen, CO2 and H2O are
produced. If 15.0 g of C3H8 reacts with 60.0 g
of O2, how much CO2 is produced?
# g CO2=
15.0 g C3H8x1 mol C3H8 x 3 mol CO2x44.0 g CO2 = 45.0 g CO2
44.0 g C3H8 1 mol C3H8 1 mol CO2
# g CO2=
60.0 g O2x 1 mol O2 x 3 mol CO2 x 44.0 g CO2 = 49.5 g CO2
32.0 g O2 5 mol O2 1 mol CO2
5. Limiting reagent questions give values for
two or more reagents (not just one)
34g NH3
7. How much of the excess reagent in Problem 6 is left over?
19g H2 excess
8. What volume of hydrogen at STP is produced from the reaction of 50.0g of
Mg and the equivalent of 75g of HCl?
23.0L H2
25g Mg excess
10.Silver nitrate and sodium phosphate are reacted in equal amounts of 200g
each. How many grams of silver phosphate are produced?
164.3g Ag3PO4
11.How much of the excess reagent in problem 5 is left?
135.6g21 Na3PO4
6.4
Assignment
12. Iron reacts with sulfur to form iron(II) sulfide. You have 32.0g of sulfur
and 100g of iron. Calculate the number of grams of iron(II) sulfide that
will form.
87.9g FeS
13.Zinc reacts with sulfuric acid in a single replacement reaction. You have
40g of zinc and 57g of sulfuric acid. What volume of hydrogen gas will
form?
13.0L H2
11.9g NaNO3
22.5g H2S
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Check Point #2
A mixture of 49.1g of tin(II) nitrate and
81.2g of sodium chloride react. How
many grams of tin(II) chloride are
produced? How much excess is left over?
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