Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
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CONTENTS
Introduction to PDMS............................................................................................................3
ADMIN................................................................................................................................18
Equipment Application........................................................................................................34
Piping Application................................................................................................................44
Structural Application..........................................................................................................57
Cable Trays..........................................................................................................................76
HVAC Designer...................................................................................................................81
Isodraft...............................................................................................................................133
Draft...................................................................................................................................141
APPENDIX A....................................................................................................................161
PDMS TRAINING
ANEWA
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Introduction to PDMS
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Introduction
PDMS is part of AVEVAs VANTAGE suite of Plant Design products.
What does PDMS offer?
1. Full size, 3-D modeling system
2. Design based on specification driven catalogues
3. Concurrent user accesses within a single project.
4. Multi-discipline environment
5. On-line 3D Clash detection
6. Design consistency check
7. Automated Isometrics
8. Report generation
9. Drawing extraction & management
10.
11.
12.
13.
DESIGN
DRAFT
ISODRAFT
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MONITOR
PARAGON
PROPCON
used
for
stress
analysis
any
other
be
linked
to
the
design
elements
using
specifications.
SPECON
SPOOLER
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PADD database
ISOD database
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Dimensional
standards
for
nozzles,
piping
Bolting Data
Specifications.
DICTIONARY database
PROPERTIES database
Administration Databases:
Each PDMS module requires access to one or more specific database types, and
SYSTEM database
COMMS database
MISC database
TRANSACTION database
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In order that each user can see the required design components modeled by other
users and refer to the common catalogue, property and user defined attribute data,
the Design and Reference databases are grouped together into a Multiple
Database.
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Start>Programs>AVEVA>VANTAGE
PDMS
11.6>Run PDMS; two command windows and a splash screen will appear
briefly. The VANTAGE PDMS Login form that appears requires you to
specify a number of details at the outset of your session.
Project is the project you will be working on (for example, SAM). Type in, or select
from the pulldown list, pressing Enter in each case.
Username will have been allocated to you by your Administrator. Type in, or select
from the pulldown list, pressing Enter in each case.
Password will have been allocated to you by your Administrator; type in.
MDB is the multiple databases within the given Project that you wish to use. Type
in, or select from the pulldown list, pressing Enter in each case. Make sure that
you leave the Read Only box unchecked if you wish to modify the database as you
work.
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Members List
As with the Design Explorer, the Members List displays the database elements
in the current MDB.
There are a number of ways to navigate from one item to another. The and arrows
at the top of the Members List allow navigation up and down the list at the level of
the current element. For example, if positioned at an EQUI element, selecting
would move to the next EQUI element in the list. Selecting would move back to the
previous EQUI element.
The Goto menu at the top of the form can also be used. First select this menu,
then select the Owner option, this will navigate to the owner of the CE.
Choosing the Goto>Reference option will give a list of further options depending
on the Current Element. Goto>Reference at EQUI level will only navigate to its
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To give a command, click in the Command> text entry box, type in the command,
and press Enter. The scrollable list shows the command(s) entered and any
resulting output from PDMS (including error messages).
Command editing aids are available:
Clicking on a line in the scrollable list area copies that line to the Command >
box.
Command syntax in the Command> box can be edited using the Delete and
Backspace keys in the normal way.
Highlighting some or all of the text in the Command> box and pressing the right
mouse button gives useful Windows editing commands (Cut, Copy, Paste,
Delete, Undo).
3D Graphical View This is the window in which you display the design model
graphically as you build it. A pop-up menu (which you access with the right-hand
mouse button) enables you to control how the model is represented. This window
also has its own tool bar.
Status Bar This displays information about the current status of your operations.
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Observe the effect of selecting different view directions from the Look and
Isometric menu options provided by the 3D View shortcut menu. Revert to ISO>3
when you have finished.
Manipulating the displayed view
You can manipulate the displayed model view in a number of ways. The three
view manipulation modes are:
Rotate the view
Pan the view across the display area
Zoom in or out to magnify or reduce the view.
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PDMS TRAINING
ANEWA
ADMIN
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Introduction
Large plants designed using PDMS will usually be broken down into individual
areas (either physical areas or design areas), depending on the physical size,
complexity and configuration of the plant. On a large Project, the System
Administrator will first agree with Project and Design Management, the breakdown
of the PDMS Project into sections which:
Are relevant to the needs of project reporting and control.
Form reasonable design subdivisions with sensible match lines and design
content.
Enable enough designers to work in parallel with simultaneous access to carry
out their design tasks.
In much the same way as in a design office (with its section leader, draughts
people, etc.), PDMS has Teams, the members of which are called Users. These
Teams can consist of any number of Users and can be organised by discipline or
physical work areas.
The main features are:
Access Control (Teams and Users)
Databases
Multiple Databases (MDBs)
Database management functionality
Admin includes a database integrity checking utility, used to check for
inconsistencies in the contents of the databases and to derive statistical
information about the use of the database storage capacity.
Admin also allows the System Administrator to reconfigure a project. This may be
necessary:
to compact databases at intervals, freeing disk space
to upgrade PDMS projects when the database structure changes
to compare the contents of two similar databases; for example, to create a
modification record
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XYZsys
XYZcom
XYZmis
XYZ001-XYZnnn
XYZPIC
XYZMAC
XYZISO
XYZISO
LIS
STD
SYS
UND
DFLTS
In this example, we
directories XYZ000, XYZMAC, XYZPIC & XYZISO, then under XYZISO we have
to create four more sub-directories LIS, SYS, UND & STD.
It is always
recommended to store all the projects under one directory say, D:\PROJECTS.
D:\PROJECTS>MD XYZ
D:\PROJECTS>CD XYZ
D:\PROJECTS\XYZ>MD XYZ000 XYZPIC XYZMAC XYZISO
D:\PROJECTS\XYZ>CD XYZISO
D:\PROJECTS\XYZ\XYZISO>MD LIS SYS STD UND
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=D:\AVEVA\pdms11.6 SP3\projectsampic
=D:\AVEVA\pdms11.6 SP3\pdmsuser
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Is all you need to create the Project. It calls the other scripts and
utilities as required.
make
makemac.mac
makmac.mac
modmac.mac
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XYZ
$M/%PDMSEXE%/makemac.mac
The Project XYZ has now been created. To check what it consists of, type ls
$XYZ000 or open Windows NT Explorer and click on XYZ000.
The directory should contain a SYSTEM database, a backup SYSTEM database,
a COMMS database, a MISC database and a virgin database, for each database
type (SYSTEM, MISC, COMM, DESIGN, CATALOGUE, PADD, ISODRAFT,
COMPARATOR, PROPERTIES and DICTIONARY).
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Creates users
Creates teams
Creates DBs
Creates MDBs
The Project XYZ created by using the makemac.mac utility is a Virgin Project.
Now we have to create and modify the main administration elements: TEAMs,
USERs, DBs and MDBs.
Start PDMS on the AVEVA PDMS Login form we can see choose the Project by
clicking on the button provided at the right end after the Project box. After clicking,
the PDMS Projects form appears. The Projects available or listed on the form.
Click on the Project XYZ, then the form automatically disappears. Come back to
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Create users.
Create DBs.
The Teams and Users can be created in any order. If the Teams are created first,
then the Users can be added as they are created using the Create User form.
Alternatively the Users can be created first and then added to the Teams using the
Create Team form.
Creating Teams
To create a Team, set the Element option button on the ADMIN Elements form to
Team, and then press Create. The Create Team form will be displayed.
To create a Team, enter a Name, and optionally a Description. Press Apply, and
the Team will be created.
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On the left of the form there is a list of the existing Users in the Project. If a Users
have already been created, they can be added to the Team by selecting the
element in the left hand list, and selecting the right arrow button The User will be
added to the Team, and the Users Name will appear in the right hand list.
Note: Users can also be added to Teams on the Create User form.
Creating Users
To create a User, set the Element option button on the ADMIN Elements form to
User, and then press Create. The Create User form will be displayed.
Enter a name and password, and set the Security option button to Free if a FREE
user is to be created. A Description can also be entered if required.
Press Create, and the User will be added to the Membership scrolling list.
The User can be added to the existing Team using the User Membership
scrolling lists. All the Teams in the Project are shown in the Project Teams list.
The Membership list shows the members of the Team selected in the Project
Teams list. Add the member being created to a Team by selecting the Team and
pressing the right hand arrow. A member can be removed from a Team by
selecting the user in the Membership list and pressing the left hand arrow.
Note: Users can also be added to the Teams on the Create Team form.
Creating Databases
To create a Database, set the Element option button to the Admin Elements form
to Database, and then press Create. The Create Database form will be displayed.
The Database name is shown at the top of the form. Database names are in the
format:
TeamName/DatabaseName
where TeamName is the name of the Team which owns a Database, and which
therefore has write access to it. If there is no Current Team, the Database name
will be shown as unset/unset. If there is a Current Team, the Team Name will be
shown as the first part of the Database Name. The Owning Team is selected from
the scrollable list.
Enter the DatabaseName in the Name text box.
Enter an optional Description.
Doc No: 9100-02-22-110-A4-Rev0
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Copying Databases
Merging Projects.
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Databases can be copied by selecting Database from the Element option button
on the Admin Elements form, selecting the element you want to copy from the
scrolling list, and then pressing the Copy button. The Copy Database from will be
displayed.
On this form, you can specify the owning team by selecting one from the list of all
the teams in the Project. You can copy a Name, Description and Area Number.
Note that you cannot change the Database number of the copied Database. This
will be the same as the original. You cannot have more than one Database with
the Same Database number in the same MDB.
Note: To avoid the risk of Database corruption, all copying of Databases (i.e., the
files inside the Project directory) must be done from The ADMIN module and not
be using operating system utilities or commands.
Copied Databases can be changed or deleted.
Including and Copying Foreign Databases
Databases can be copied from other Projects. They can also be shared between
Projects, which saves disk space and eliminates errors which could be caused by
copying. Catalogue Databases are often shared in this way.
Databases included from a second Project are also known as Foreign Databases.
The second Project must be available: that is, you must be able to read from the
second Project directory, and have the environment variables from the second
Project set.
When creating a Project that is going to share Database from other Projects, there
are two important considerations:
Databases in the source Project that will be shared must not be given a
database number that will clash with a database number that already exists
in the destination Project.
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Access Project as. You must enter a Username and Password for a free
user in the Foreign Project.
Select the Databases you require and press Apply. You will be prompted to create
the owning Team if it does not already exist in the Current Project. You cannot
include a Database which has the same Teamid/DBName as an existing
Database in the Current Project.
You can exclude Foreign Databases by pressing the Exclude Db button on the
Admin Element Form. The Exclude Db form will be displayed.
To copy a Foreign Database, Set the Element option gadget on the Admin
Elements form to Database, and press the Copy Foreign Db button. The Copy
Foreign Db form will be displayed.
The Copy Foreign Db form is displayed when you press Copy Foreign Db on the
Admin Elements form. This button is only available when the Element option
gadget on the Admin Elements form is set to Database.
Foreign Projects Lists the other Projects available.
Access Project as. You must enter a Username and Password for a Free User in
the Foreign Project.
Foreign DBs lists the databases in the foreign project.
Target Database name is set as follows: pick the Team which will
Own the Database from the list, and enter the Database name.
Press
Apply.
You
cannot
include
Database
which
has
the
same
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Press Modify on the Admin Elements form which will display the Modify
form, or
Select Modify from the Create/Modify option button on the Create form, if
it is displayed, and the mode will change to Modify.
You can change the Name, Description, Access Mode and Area Number of a
Database. The Type, DB number and File number cannot be changed.
Note: If you try to change a Database name to a name that already exists, you will
be prompted to confirm that you want to overwrite the Database.
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PDMS TRAINING
ANEWA
Equipment Application
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EQUIPMENT APPLICATION
Equipment items consist of a collection of PDMS primitives, arranged in such a
way that they physically model the real life object. When we build equipment, we
need to decide how we want to model the object, just as we would if we were
building a plastic model. The only difference in PDMS terms is that we model the
object at full size rather than working to a scale.
Solid Primitives
Nozzle
Cylinder
Box
Cone
Dish
Snout
Circular Torus
Rectangular Torus
Pyramid
Sloped Cylinder
Negative Primitives
Cylinder
Box
Cone
Dish
Snout
Circular Torus
Rectangular Torus
Pyramid
Sloped Cylinder
What is a P-point?
P-points are identifiable primitive points in any PDMS primitive. A BOX has got
seven primitive points (P-points). We can query a lot of information from P-points.
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The element on the upper level is the Owner of those elements directly below it,
e.g. the equipment (EQUI) owns the primitive (CYLI). The lower level elements are
Members of the owning element, e.g. the EQUI is a member of the ZONE .
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Fill in the various parameters from the drawing. Do not worry about the position of
the equipment. We will be discussing it later in this session.
Origin of Equipment
The equipment will be positioned based on its Origin. The origin of the equipment
will be as indicated in the standard equipment creation form. If we want to know
the origin of the equipment
E. Navigate to any primitive belonging to the equipment.
F. Type AXES AT CE in the command window.
If we want to position the axes at a p-point of any primitive, we can do so by typing
AXES AT IDP@ in the command window.
If we want to modify the origin of any equipment, we can do so by selecting
Modify>Equipment Origin>ID P-point from the main menu. Please note that if
the origin of the standard equipment is altered, it becomes difficult to modify the
equipment later on.
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Position>Relatively BY menus.
Attributes in PDMS
Every element in a PDMS database has a fixed set of properties known as its
attributes. Some attributes are common throughout the range of elements while
others differ according to the type of element involved. For example, a cylinder
(CYLI) has Height and Diameter attributes whilst the size of a box (BOX) is
determined by Xlength, Ylength and Zlength attributes, as illustrated below:
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Attribute
Default Value
Name
Type
CYLI
Lock
Owner
Position
Orientation
Level
Obstruction
purposes)
Diameter
0 mm
Height
0 mm
Let us model the equipment (STABILIZER REFLUX DRUM 1201) given in the
drawings without using the menus. The listing of commands is given below. This
Doc No: 9100-02-22-110-A4-Rev0
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Naming of Nozzles
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Renaming of Nozzles
This is needed, when equipment is renamed. The names of the nozzles remain
the same with the earlier name still prefixed. To overcome such a situation
navigate to the equipment, whose name is to be changed (let us say /E1101 to
/E1201) type RENAME ALL /E1101 /E1201.
This command can be used for any such similar situations, not only limiting to the
nozzles.
Sub-Equipment
A SUBE is an optional element to further sub-divide an EQUI. The SUBE can also
own primitive elements.
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Q POS IDP@
Q P1 wrt /*
How to Measure?
Select Query>Measure Distance from the main menu. You will get a form in that
select Graphics and start measuring. The same can be done with various
combinations of elements and let us try with them.
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No Obstruction
Soft Obstruction
Hard Obstruction
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PDMS TRAINING
ANEWA
Piping Application
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PIPING APPLICATION
What is a Pipe and What is a Branch?
Pipes may be considered like lines on a flow sheet. They may run between several
end connection points and are usually grouped by a common specification and
process.
Branch elements are sections of a pipe, which have known start and finish points.
In PDMS the start and finish points are called the Head and Tail. Heads and tails
may be connected to nozzles, tees or other Heads and tails, depending on the
configuration of the pipe, or left open ended.
The Site and Zone are the administrative elements in Piping Application. A PIPE
can be created under a ZONE. Each PIPE element in PDMS has got several
attributes; the principal attributes among them are listed below:
NAME
BORE
PSPE
ISPE
TSPE
TEMP
reports/ drawings.
Piping specification
Insulation specification
Tracing specification
Very important attribute, as it decides the insulation
PTSPE
REVISION
isometrics.
The revision attributes. Can be incremented automatically
by Isodraft, during Isometric generation, if chosen by the
user.
Each pipe should have at least one branch to create the components. Take the
case of a Neem tree. Assume the trunk as the MAIN PIPE and the various
branches as BRANCH. But, the trunk is also considered as one BRANCH by
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Figure 1
Page 46 of 168
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Creation of Components
Select Create>Components from the main menu. Toggle the Defaults button to
OFF and Auto Connect Button to ON in the Create components menu. Select
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Q PA
Q PA BORE
Q PA OD
Q PA $Q -20
Q P3
Figure 2
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Figure 3
How to choose an out-of-spec item?
In PDMS, we cannot create any piping component without a specification
reference. It should be part of some specification. Whenever, we say out-of-spec
item in PDMS, we mean that the item is not part of the specification indicated in
the pipe, but which belongs to some other specification. To do so, choose the
Doc No: 9100-02-22-110-A4-Rev0
Page 50 of 168
Figure 4
LSTU
CREF
ISPE
ARRIVE
LEAVE
MTOREF
BUILT/ SHOP:
Radius
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Branch Attributes
HREF
TREF
HPOS
TPOS
HDIR
TDIR
HCON
TCON
HSTU
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A word of Caution:
Please make sure that the appearance of the pipe has not changed once this
command is execute. It may create problems when you have eccentric reducers in
the branch.
Figure 5
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ATTA Attributes
ATTY
STEX
CSTREF
CREF
Sloped Pipe
There are two methods of creating a sloped pipe. The first method is to route the
pipe without a slope and use the Auto Slope option in the main menu. Navigate to
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Figure 6
Select
the
Elbow
from
which
the
Slope
starts
and
select
Figure 7
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Angles of Bends and Elbows fall within the limits set in the relevant
specifications.
Figure 8
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PDMS TRAINING
ANEWA
Structural Application
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STRUCTURAL APPLICATION
Civil Works & Steel Work
The first structural application which we will use is that for designing
interconnected beams and columns. To access this application, select
Design>Structures>Beams & Columns from the main menu bar.
In this session we will create the Grid Lines, which will be our reference lines for
future modeling purpose. After this we will understand the Structural Administrative
Elements in detail, and then we will create the same.
Procedure for creation of Gridlines
1
Select Create > Grid-line > Area from the reference data menu.
2.1
Select Create > Grid-line > Grid from the reference data menu.
3.1
3.2
Grid Position: This entry is always with respect to the world. At this
position a datum element will be created.
3.3
Grid lines: There are three grid lines X, Y and Z. Each grid line can
have a key and a position. This position is always with respect to the
datum point mentioned above. The position is the distance in the
respective direction from the datum point.
3.4
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Figure 1
The principal attributes that will be set for these elements are the name of the
element and its position. In some cases, we will also be setting the orientation of
the elements. The element SBFR is an optional element, which is very useful in
grouping the structural elements.
How PDMS represents Structures?
Although most of the attribute settings are set automatically while using the
Structural Application to create or modify parts of the model, an understanding of
their functions is required to interpret what is happening to the design data as we
build the model.
The part of the Design database hierarchy, which holds the structural elements, is
as shown in Figure 2.
Nodes
Primary Nodes (PNOD) and Secondary Nodes (SNOD) represent the basic
analytical points within a structure.
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To define the start and end points for Sections string between them (a PNOD
may be common to two or more section).
To own Primary Joints, used to connect Sections together (a PNOD may own
more than one PJOI).
To define how the part of the Structure at the Node can react under stress
(properly known as the fixity of the Nodes, used for stress analysis).
Note:
Elements shown in italics viz. RELEASE, NODAL DISPLACEMENT are used for
analytical purpose only.
NPOS
Node Position
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Secondary Nodes
A Secondary Node has similar functions to a Primary Node, but differs in that,
whereas a PNOD is positioned independently, an SNOD is owned by a section
and is positioned along the Neutral Axis (Z-axis) of that Section. This enables us
to position and connect another Section (an Attached Section) at any point along
the length of the first section (the Owning Section).
ZDIS Distance along Z-axis of Owning Section
An SNOD is positioned by specifying its distance from its owning Sections Start
Position (POSS), measured along the Sections Neutral Axis.
Sections
Sections (SCTN) represent the individual lengths of material, which make up a
structural model. The geometry of a section is defined by two types of settings:
Its cross section is defined by reference to a Catalogue Profile element (Ibeam, Channel, etc.,)
Its length, Orientation, etc., are defined by setting specific design attributes.
These are automatically set by the application when the model is manipulated
graphically.
SPRE
Specification Reference
Generic Type
The GTYP attribute may, optionally, be set to indicate the purpose of the Section
within the structure. For example, BEAM, BRAC, etc.,
POSS
Start Position
POSE
End Position
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DRNE
The directions of the start and end cutting planes of a Section (that is, the
directions of the perpendiculars to the planes, which define the cut ends of the
Section) are usually defined automatically when the Section is connected within
the structural model.
attributes are then derived automatically from the directions of the associated
Joints cutting Planes.
It is possible to set DRNS and DRNE specifically for example, where a Section
extends into free space, with at least one end unconnected. In this case cutting
plane direction must be in the general direction of the other end Section.
BANG
Beta Angle
The orientation of a Section about its Neutral Axis is defined in terms of an angular
clockwise rotation when viewed in the POSS to POSE direction as shown in
Figure 3. The angle of rotation from the default orientation is held as the setting of
the Beta Angle (BANG) attribute of the section.
SPREF of SCTN
Points to HPRF in
catalogue
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P-lines
To provide a method for refining to individual edges and faces of a Section, each
is identified by a named line running along the length of the Section called as Plines. The figures given below show the most commonly used P-lines.
Figure 4
JOIS
JOIE
Section ends, which have been connected in the structure, have their JOIS and
JOIE attributes set such that they cross-refer to the Joints to which those ends are
connected. (The joints have a similar cross-reference, the CREF attribute)
CTYS
CTYE
Section ends, which have been connected in the structure, have their CTYS and
CTYE attributes set such that they match those of the Joints to which those ends
are connected. This is done by setting CTYS/CTRE to a word, which matches the
Joints CTYA attribute in the Catalogue.
Doc No: 9100-02-22-110-A4-Rev0
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Justification Line
The JUSL setting specifies the p-line, which is to be used as a datum for aligning
the section with a node. By default, JUSL is set to NA (Neutral Axis).
JLIN
Joint Line
The JLIN setting specifies which p-line is to be used as a reference datum for
positioning an attached Joint. The Joint will be positioned such that the JLIN of
the Section is on the same axis as of the Joint.
SREL
Start Release
EREL
End Release
The two Release attributes, the Section Start Release (SREL) and the Section
End Release (EREL), may be used to define how the Section behaves under the
effect of applied forces and moments. They are relevant only for stress analysis of
the structure.
The attribute settings allow for two types of movement of the Section ends when
external forces are applied, namely:
Design Parameter
PANELS
Panels (PANE) represent any sheet materials used to clad a structural model.
The geometry of a Panel is defined by a subsidiary Panel Loop (PLOO) element.
The 2D shape of the Panel Loop is defined by linking together a set of Panel
Vertex (PVER) elements, each of which has a specific position in the Panels coordinate system. The polygon thus formed defines the shape of the Panel in the
same way as a Profile defines the cross-sectional area of a section. The Height
Doc No: 9100-02-22-110-A4-Rev0
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Panel
(PANE)
= Pane Loop (PLOO)
= Panel Vertex (PAVE)
Panel thickness =
HEIG of PLOO
Figure 4
Each PVER can have an optional fillet radius which defines a circular arc, which
bulges into (negative radius), or out of (positive radius) the PLOO area. The
default filler radius of zero denotes a point.
Storage Areas
We can specify where the principal structural elements are to be stored in the
design database hierarchy using Storage Areas.
SECTION in the main menu indicate the Storage Areas. When the Storage
Areas are set the nodes and Sections will be positioned properly under the
appropriate hierarchy levels.
Example: If we define the Storage Areas, using the Storage Area option in
settings menu like this:
Storage Area for NODE:
/N_S_A
FRMW
/S_S_A
FRMW
Then all the sections will be placed under /S_S_A and all the nodes under
/N_S_A. It is a very good utility to develop assemblies / groups of Structural
elements.
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Default Specification
The Specification selected using this option (on the main menu bar) will be used
by default for creating sections. We can always modify the Spec. at a later stage.
As a part of our exercise, we will create Structural elements in the following
manner;
1. Create Sections using Explicit option
2. Create Sections using Graphical option
3. Modify Specification / Justification
4. To create a regular Structure
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Figure 1
Figure 2
To achieve the type of connection shown in Figure 2, the incoming length of the
section has to be trimmed / extended to an explicitly picked Pline.
All such
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Bracing Member
1. Pline on lower face
of bracing member
Column
Bracing Gap
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Representing Joints
The connected sections created so far have SNOD created and each SNOD have
SJOI i.e., Secondary Joint which does not have any geometry associated with it
and hence is not shown in graphical view. In order to represent them graphically,
each SJOI has to be associated with a Catalogue specification reference. Some
important Attributes of the SJOI are listed below;
BANG
POSL
JLIN
CREF
CUTP
SPREF
Beta Angle
Position Line
Justification Line
Connection Reference
Cutting Plane
Specification
Reference
Navigate to the SJOI, and then select Modify > Joints > Specification on the main
menu to get the Joint Specification form as shown in Figure 5.
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Figure 5
In this form select the specification, sub-type of the joint and one of the available
options under sub-type. Set the Justification, Beta angle and Cutback as required
and select Apply. In the Joint Design Data form that appears based on the subtype & Specification, give the values for parameters of Joint.
Now, graphical
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Figure 6
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Negative Extrusions
Creation of negative extrusion (NXTR) is exactly similar to Creation of Panel. The
form obtained is also similar and the procedure also. Follow the same procedure
as explained in Creation of Panel.
The Access Ways, Stairs & Ladders Menu Hierarchy
each tme you create a new accessway, stair or ladder in the asl application, you
must specify the settings of the number of dimensional and genera; design
parameters relevant to that type of item. For example, for a corner plat form with
handrails, the parameters which must be specified include the following
1
Start the ASL application by selecting Design from the top-level bar menu,
Structures from the pull-down menu and ASL Modeller from the first submenu
(Design>Structures>ASL Modeller).
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STAIR
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PDMS TRAINING
ANEWA
Cable Trays
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Figure 2
This form could be used to :
Select the type of Cable Tray component required. The types available are
those in current Cable Tray Catalogue.
Create the component. Position and orientate the component using basic
facilities.
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LSTU
CREF
ISPE
ARRIVE
LEAVE
HREF
TREF
HPOS
TPOS
HDIR
TDIR
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HCON
TCON
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PDMS TRAINING
ANEWA
HVAC Designer
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Give the name of the Project in which you want to work: enter SAM.
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Give the part of the project Multiple Database (MDB) you want to
work enter HVAC.
Give the name of the module you wish to use: select Design.
Make sure that you leave the Read Only box unchecked, so that you
can modify the database as you work.
You must specify which files to load at startup. You can choose either the
application default settings (Load from Macro Files) or a customize setup saved
during an earlier session (Load from Binary Files). Select Macro Files.
When you have entered all the necessary details, the form looks like this:
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In the 3D View tool bar, click on the Limits CE button. This adjusts the
scale of the view automatically such that it corresponds to a volume the
right size to hold the chosen element(s); in this case, the Zone.
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Alternatively, you can click the right or left mouse-button and drag-and-drop the
element into the 3D View.
On the Draw List, click on the HVACFLOOR element. You can now use the
controls in the Draw List to set the colour from the popup palette. Make the
floor Black.
Now pick the HVACWALLS Structure from the design element hierarchy
and add it to the draw list in the same way. Set the colour of the walls to
aquamarine.
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Observe the effect of selecting different view directions from the Look and
Isometric menu options provided by the 3D View shortcut menu. Revert to
Iso>3 when you have finished.
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You should also save your current screen layout and display settings, so
that next time you use the application you can easily pick up your design as
it stands. Do this by selecting Display>Save>Forms & Display.
You can now leave PDMS and return to the operating system. Do this by
selecting Design>Exit.
Ordinarily, if you had made any changes since your last Save Work
operation, an alert form would ask whether you want to save those
changes; this time, you are just asked to confirm that you want to leave
PDMS.
Click OK.
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The principal inlet and outlet points are also identified as p-arrive (PA) and pleave (PL). P1 is the same point as p-arrive, and P2 is the same point as pleave. The reason for this is that the logical flow statement is not true for HVAC
(only Piping flow).
HVAC variables
The settings of all variables needed to distinguish a component from others
with the same geometry and p-point sets are defined by parameters. The
values of these are defined to suit the specific design requirements.
For example, a rectangular three-way component (or branch connector) might
be represented in the PDMS catalogue as follows:
The two curved duct sections form the component geometry set
The four p-points form its point set
P-point, P3, enables you to control the direction of the branch connection arm
when you incorporate the component into your design.
The dimensions of the component, and other constructional details, are
represented in the catalogue by parameters whose values are set to suit the
design requirements.
Restoring your PDMS session and starting the HVAC application
You can now go back into PDMS Design.
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Exercise continues:
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Click Apply to create the element, and then Dismiss to remove the
Create HVAC form.
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Leave the HVAC Main Branch Element form as it is, and go to the 3D
View.
of the building.
Now go back to the HVAC Main Branch Element form, and click
Apply.
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Position the cursor on the edge of the box representing the hole and press
and hold down the left-hand mouse button. The p-points appear as dots.
Move the cursor around the box, continuing to hold down the left-hand
mouse button.
Each time the cursor is over a p-point, the p-point is identified in the status
bar.
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Go to the POSITION: - area on the HVAC form. In the text box next to the
You can check that the straight is in the correct position by selecting
Query>Position>Origin from the main menu bar. The position, shown in
an HVAC Command Output window, is:
E 3048 mm S 5125 mm U 3300 mm.
This connects (and therefore repositions) the head of the current branch to the PA
of the first component, the straight (the only branch member so far).
Note: You could have positioned the branch head here when you first created it,
but this would have required you to calculate its coordinates explicitly. It is usually
easier, as here, to position a new item relative to an existing design point and then
to move it later.
The last operation made the branch head the current element. Each new
component is created immediately after the current component in branch
list order. So to create a component after the straight, you must navigate
back to the straight. To do this, click on the straight in the 3D View.
On the Rectangular Fire Damper form, name the component FD1. Leave all
parameter settings at their default values, and click Apply to create the fire
damper.
Exercise continues:
You are prompted to identify an element; pick any part of the southernmost
wall.
The fire damper is moved northward along its axis until it lies in the plane
of the wall, and you are now no longer able to see the fire damper in the
3D View, because it is hidden within the negative box that represents the
hole through the wall.
shown
Click Apply.
A message appears warning you that the hierarchy has been affected by
the creation of this component. OK the warning message.
To see the deflectors inside the bend, switch the 3D View temporarily to wireline
mode (use the Settings>Shaded option on the 3D View pop-up menu, or press
F8, to toggle between colour-shaded and wireline views).
Using the Design Explorer, make sure that the deflector set of the
rectangular square bend (SPLR 1) is your current element.
Click Apply.
PDMS has a powerful facility that can calculate the length and amount of
offset needed to fit the new component automatically into the available
space. Simply click the Fit button on the Rectangular Mitred Offset form.
The calculated data is entered into the parameter data fields: note, for
example, that the A Offset is now set to 150.
You may wish to zoom in close to the mitred offset and view it from
different angles to see how it has been adjusted to fit between the two
bends.
Navigate back to the last component in the branch, the radiused bend.
Position the bend in the plane of the northernmost wall (use Through
ID Element and pick the wall or beam above it)
Position the transformation piece in line with the first beam reached in
the branch-creation direction, shown striped in the preceding diagram
Copy
ID button. When
You can make sure that the gap is correct; navigate back to the roundto-square transformation and select Query>Gap to next from the main
menu bar.
Align the bend with the hole in the easternmost wall using the Through
ID Element option. Pick the edge of the box outline on this wall.
Note:
Connect the Branch Tail to the fire damper (the last member of the
branch):
Select Tail from the HVAC Branch menu at the foot of the HVAC
form.
With reference to your existing design model, the next part of the HVAC ducting
network which you are going to design will feed two ceiling grilles above the small
room in the north-east corner of the building. In order to position these grilles, you
will use a facility which lets you set out a horizontal grid and a ceiling tile layout
based on a specified datum point.
There are three stages to tiling:
Specify a setting-out point (SOP) to represent the datum from which grid line
positions are to be calculated.
Create grid lines at specified intervals, referenced from the SOP, in a horizontal
plane.
Add tiles at specified positions in the plane of the grid.
Exercise continues:
Note: If your screen is cluttered, you may wish to dock the HVAC form to
one side of the window and then unpin it.
Navigate to the zone which owns the design model, HVACZONE. The
grid/tiles are created below this hierarchic level.
From
the
main
menu
bar,
select
Utilities>HVAC
Tiles/Grid
Layout>Setting Out Point. This displays the HVAC Grid Setting Out
Point form:
Enter S.O.P. Name: HTESTSOP1.
Enter Setting Out Point Height: 2700 (the elevation of the
ceiling in which you will eventually position the grilles).
Click OK.
You are prompted to pick the SOP position using the cursor in a plan view.
You want to position the SOP at the exact centre of the rooms ceiling.
Rather than trying to pick this point precisely, you will pick a random point
in the ceiling plane as the SOP, and then move this point to the exact
position required.
Pick a point.
You will next define a grid in the plane of the ceiling (a horizontal reference
grid) through the SOP datum, with the grid lines spaced out from the SOP
in both directions.
Select Utilities>HVAC Tiles/Grid Layout>Grid from S.O.P.. This
displays the HVAC Layout Grid from SOP form.
Leave the East/West and North/South Grid Spacing separations set to the
default of 600.
Click OK. You might be prompted to identify the SOP from which the grid
line positions are calculated (unless it is already the current element): if so,
pick the SOP which you have just created. You must now define the horizontal
rectangular area which represents the grid boundaries. You are prompted to
pick first the south-west corner and then the north-east corner in a plan view.
Pick the corresponding corners of the room (the intersections of the beams at
these corners).
Since your room is 6000 x 6000 mm, the 600 mm grid line spacing gives
you 10 grid squares in each direction within the ceiling area, like this:
Note: If the room were not rectangular, you could build up an overall grid by using
abutting rectangles based on separate setting-out points.
To complete this part of the exercise, you will create two tiles in the ceiling grid
where you want to install HVAC grilles (as shown by the shaded and striped grid
squares in the preceding diagram).
Click OK.
You are prompted to identify the SOP with the grid for to positioning the
tiles.
Even though there is only one, pick the SOP to confirm your intentions.
You are now prompted to identify the locations at which you want to insert
tiles.
and
picked points snap to the nearest half tile, so you dont need to be too
precise). Then press the Escape key to indicate that you have finished
adding tiles.
Navigate to the existing three-way item. You will insert another branch
connector immediately after it in the branch sequence.
If you unpinned it earlier, re-display the HVAC form by hovering over the
HVAC tab.
Click Apply.
You want the oval ducting to pass along the centerline of the ceiling, so
position the current component so that its outlet is aligned with the SOP datum
at the ceilings centre.
(Using the Through ID Element facility on the HVAC form):
You can pick any part of the component; the new branch head will
Create a Flat Oval Straight as the first member of the new side
branch.
This boot is positioned 100 mm back from the PL of the straight on which it
is mounted (which is only implied at this stage).
Move the boot so that it is aligned through the northernmost tile (shown
as
in the diagrams).
This Dist from Leave dimension positions the boot 700 mm back from the
Doc No: 9100-02-22-110-A4-Rev0
You can now replace the implied ducting between the circular boots with a
straight component. Because the boots are subcomponents, you must first
navigate back to the existing straight in this side branch.
Create a second Flat Oval Straight, and use the Fit button to
achieve the required length between the PL of the first straight and the
PL of each circular boot.
The calculated Length is 2525.
To complete this first side branch, add a cap to close the end of the last
straight; navigate to the last component of HTESTB1.1 in the Design
Explorer (the southernmost circular boot) and create a Flat Oval Cap
End.
Connect the HVAC Branch Tail to the Last Member of the branch (the
cap).
Your second side branch will run from the northernmost circular boot to a
grille in the adjacent tile.
Navigate to the first side branch (HTESTB1.1) and create a new side
branch named HTESTB1.1.1
Connect the head of the new side branch to the circular boot connector.
To see what types of leave joint are available, click the Choose button
next to the Lea joint field. From the resulting Choose Joint form, select
Male Socket & Spigot Joint and click OK. The Lea joint field is
updated to show MALE.
(You will adjust the dimensions of this bend later in the exercise.)
From
the
Inline
Plant
Equipment
category,
create
Navigate to the flexible bend and click the Modify CE button on the
HVAC form so that you can adjust the dimensions of the flexible bend
so that it fits correctly between the internal damper (at its PA) and the
spigot box (at its PL).
Click the Fit button on the Circular Flexible Bend form to recalculate
the dimensions necessary for a correct fit. (The calculated Arrive
Extension becomes 120 and the Leave Extension 225.)
Complete the definition of the side branch by connecting its tail to the
grille.
Use the method given above to create a similar side branch, named
Create a side
Because you want the bend to turn in the B direction (click the
Picture
button
for
clarification),
click
the
Transpose
Set the Angle to 135, the Inside Radius to 100, and the Leave
Direction to D.
To complete the network, you will insert two sets of air turning vanes
into the square three-way component to control the air flows (similar to
those which you saw in the square bend).
The results, and the significance of the settings used, are illustrated in
the following diagram:
This completes the conceptual design of the basic HVAC network. In the
next chapter you look at some ways in which you can enhance this
design further.
For each gap in the named branch, the scrollable list area of the form
shows the:
Location (the preceding component)
Length
Calculated combination of straights needed to fill it.
corresponding
lengths
of
implied
ducting
are
highlighted
Click Apply.
A list of all identified gaps, is again displayed as before, but this
time the specified straight lengths are created automatically to
replace the implied ducting. Look at the Design Explorer to see
the new elements.
To make sure that the auto filling operation was carried out correctly,
repeat steps 155 and 156.
The message No Gaps To Show confirms this. There is no need
to dismiss the form immediately because you still need to make
sure that there are no gaps in any of the four side branches.
To do so, navigate to each in turn, click the CE button at the top of the
Highlight Implied Ductwork form, and then click the Apply
button. In each case you should see the No Gaps to Show
message. (If not, go back and correct any errors in your design before
proceeding.)
Use the HVAC form to calculate the number of stiffeners needed for
this length of ducting:
From Categories, select Rectangular
From Available Types, choose Stiffening.
The stiffening requirements are calculated, and displayed in the
Rectangular Stiffening form. As you can see, PDMS calculates that
this component has a Spec Requirement of 5 stiffening flanges.
To create all five stiffening flanges, click the Apply the Spec
Requirement button. The flanges are created and positioned
automatically.
Navigate to the next straight and stiffen it in the same way; this
straight is shorter, and requires only four flanges.
straights
in
the
main
branch,
and
their
stiffening
flange
Click Apply.
Use the same procedure to modify the inlet to the other fire damper.
To modify the outlet joint between the first damper and the square bend
(the arrive joint of the bend), navigate to the bend and click Modify CE.
On the resulting Rectangular Square Bend form, click the Arrjoint Prev
button. The arrive joint field is set to RE40 by automatic reference to the
previous component, namely the fire damper. Apply the change.
To modify the outlet from the second damper, connect the branch tail to
the last member in the usual way.
You will now insert an access panel, whose catalogue definition includes
a predefined working volume, into the side of the last straight. (The
reason for doing this will become clear when you look at clash checking
in the next chapter.)
Click Apply.
When created, the panel appears in the 3D View as a rectangular
plate standing slightly proud of the ducting surface. In the next
section you will look at its hidden geometry in more detail.
Run the automatic itemising utility again so that the access panel is
included in the item list.
To reset the normal view, redisplay the Representation form and set
Obstruction to Off and click OK.
The holes through the walls, where the fire dampers are situated, may
be shown either as boxes (specially shaded to show that they represent
negative boxes, holes) or as true holes. So far you have used the
shaded box representation so that you could pick the holes graphically
to identify them. To switch to a more realistic representation, select
Holes Drawn and click Apply.
Look carefully at each hole in turn. You are now able to see the ducting and
fire dampers where they penetrate the walls.
That completes the introduction to the basic HVAC routing operations. In
the following parts of the exercise you will look at some ways of checking
the design model and outputting some design data derived from the
database settings.
PDMS TRAINING
ANEWA
Isodraft
Introduction
ISODRAFT can be used to produce isometric plot files of pipes and networks, from
either the Design or Fabrication databases, to your own required standards.
Normally, you will use these drawings for pipe work fabrication, but you can also
use them during on-site erection.
You can produce standard isometrics for zone, pipe, branch or spool drawing
elements or for a mixture of these elements. In addition, system isometrics,
showing a complete piping network, and equipment trim isometrics can be
produced.
Note: Mixed isometrics, containing elements from the Design and Fabrication
databases, cannot be produced.
ISODRAFT produces your isometric drawings automatically, including any
associated material lists you request. These material lists can specify: piping
components; bolt requirements; pipe cutting lengths; etc. ISODRAFT uses the
information in the projects Design, Catalogue and Fabrication databases to
produce the required lists.
The isometrics produced can be fully dimensioned and annotated to ensure that
you find them easy to use and unambiguous.
Types of Isometrics
You can include the following types of isometric in an ISODRAFT drawing:
Combined erection and fabrication isometric (standard)
Fabrication-only isometric (for shop floor use)
Erection-only isometric (for field use)
Spool drawing isometric
Each isometric type has its own forms of dimensioning annotation and material list.
You can also control:
Complexity (drawing level density) of the isometric
View direction
Command
DETAIL
Command
DETAIL
ISOTYPE
UNDERLAYPLOT
UNITS
SIZE
MARGIN
CHECK
FLOWARROW
INSTNAME
MATERIALLIST
WELDNUMBERS
BOLTING
LOOSEFLANGEALLOWANCE
REFDIMENSIONS
SYMBOLFILE
SKEY
ATEXT
CHARSIZE
INSU
MATERIALLIST
The MATERIALLIST command allows us to control:
Whether or not the list is shown on the drawing
The position of the list
Character size used in the plotted list
Spacing between the lines
Whether or not component descriptions are included
Part number generation on / off
Overflow of long lists.
PDMS TRAINING
ANEWA
Draft
DEPT / REGI
The administrative elements in the draft hierarchy which is useful in grouping the
drawings.
DRWG
The drawing element in the database. Each drawing can own any number of
sheets (SHEE elements). The important attributes of the DRWG element are:
Size
Title
Author
SHEE
Each sheet can have several views. The important attributes of the SHEE element
are:
Size
Title
Bsrf
VIEW
This is the most important element in the database which holds the crucial
information regarding the drawing being generated. The important attributes of this
element are:
Direction
Thpos
Frpos
Onpos
Vscale
Adegree
:
:
Vtype
Idlname
Rrsf
Xypos
Lframe
Lvisib
Graphical Representation
The graphical representation of a specific part of the design model is drawn is
controlled by sets of Representation Rules. These rules can either exist within a
Library and referred to from a view, or may be directly owned by a view in which
case they are known as local rules. This arrangement allows you to set up a
series of standard ways of drawing the design model at the start of a project, with
modifications to those rules being made locally.
LAYE
Layers are used in PDMS to segregate the annotations like equipment dimensions
in one layer, piping dimensions in one layer, tagging in one layer, labels in one
layer and the 2-D annotation in a separate layer. The important attributes of the
LAYE element are:
Ucode
Purp
Xypos
The origin of the layer. Can be useful if the whole layer has to
be moved. Generally, we come across this situation in
Labeling.
Lvisib
Figure 1
User defined View
When we talk about creating a User defined view, it is about creating a view within
an identified box where the system decides the scale of the view. This type of
views are normally used for Keyplans, Isometric views etc. Where the scale is not
Figure 2
Figure 3
Linear Dimensions (LDIMs)
The LDIMs will consist of DPPTs, DPBAs and DPOIs. The important attributes of
a LDIM are:
Dtchei
Ptchei
Dpos
Pldir
Lchain
Dterm
Pjust
Direction
Plcl
Ddna
The name of the item for which the dimension is attached to.
Osht
Plcl
Ddeg
Dtflag
Dsty
Ddna
Angle subtended
DPPT
DPPTs are the dimension points which together make the dimensions. The
important attributes of the DPPTs are:
Pltx
Dtoff
Ptoff
Ptchei
Plpen
Dlpen
Gaps
Most of these values can be set at a higher level in the hierarchy itself and they
will be navigated down to all the elements. These can be overruled wherever
required.
The other important attributes for DPBA and DPOI are
Baindicator :
(for DPBA)
Position
(for DPOI)
Draft Labeling
To create labels in Draft, select Draft>Labeling from the main menu. Generally,
there are two types of labels, GLAB and SLAB.
General Label (GLAB)
The general label can be attached to any element and the attribute information can
be displayed as part of it. The important attributes of the GLAB are:
Ddna
Lfra
Llead
Lshape
Justification :
Btex
Chei
Xypos
Oset
Adeg
Llead
Xypos
Oset
Tmrf
Xysca
Creating Sections
DRAFT gives you the ability to construct sections through specified Design items,
the results of which can be displayed at VIEW level. All Planes are database items
and can therefore be used with more than one VIEW. There are three types of
Plane element that can be used to define four types of section plane, namely:
1.0 A Perpendicular Flat Plane passes through a specified point in the 3D design,
being oriented so as to be perpendicular to the current VIEW direction. The
VIEW contents that are discarded can be on either side of the plane. This type
of plane would be used as either a section or a backing plane.
2.0 A Flat Plane is similar to a perpendicular flat plane, but can be oriented to
allow views of the section from any angle.
3.0 A Stepped Plane is a folded plane (i.e. a series of non-intersecting straight line
spans) that extends to infinity in both directions along a specified axis. The
Sections are of three types in PDMS - Draft viz. Section Flat, Section
Perpendicular and Section Stepped. To create a section in PDMS, we create a
view section (VSEC), section planes (FPLA or PPLA or SPLA) and apply the
section planes to the view. The important attributes of VSEC element are:
Idlname
Pmode
Flat Plane
PPLA
Perpendicular Plane
SPLA
Stepped Plane
The examples of FPLA, SPLA and PPLA are given below. The important attributes
of these planes are:
Position
Direction
Normal
Gtype
POS ID @
POS IDP @ -
Note: You can only input a 3D Design position on orthogonal VIEWs; the looking
direction of such a VIEW will determine which coordinate is returned as zero. For
example, a plan view will return U0, which you may need to alter to give the
required section.
APPENDIX A
LIST OF COMMANDS
Navigation
Commands for moving around the PDMS database.
/NAME
=23/506
END
NEXT
NEXT 2
NEXT ELBO
Move to the next elbo in the current list by passing any other
elements
PREV
PREV 4
SAME
NOTE: NEXT and PREV commands work on the list according to the modes
Forwards or Backwards. In backwards mode, the list is considered to be reversed
so these commands have the effect of working from the opposite end of the list.
Query Commands
Q ATT
Q POS
Q POS IN SITE (or Q POS WRT SITE) Query the position of the current
element relative to the site position
NOTE: Normally, the Q POS command gives the position relative to the element's
owner.
Q NAME
CONN P1 TO P2 OF PREV
Positions
P1
at
the
specified
point
and
CONN P1 TO IDP@
Move syntax
Position>Move>Distance
Moves the elements origin by a given distance in a given direction.
Ex. MOVE N DIST 10
Position>Move>Through
Position>Move>Clearance
Moves the elements origin, p-point, or obstruction in a given direction with
a clearance from another items origin, p-point, or obstruction.
Ex. MOVE E DIST 10 FROM /P-101
The options INFRONT, BEHIND, ONTO, and UNDER refer to a picked or named
items physical obstruction, while the TO and FROM options refer to the items
origin. INFRONT and TO refer to the near side while BEHIND and FROM refer to
the far side of an item.
Position>Plane Move>Through
Moves the origin of the element in a given direction through a Reference
Plane Specified by the user that is passing through a picked element, ppoint, or Coordinate.
Ex. MOVE ALONG E PLANE N45W THRO ID@
Positioning Commands (Piping)
NOTE: All the above commands can be used with piping components for exact
positioning. The following commands are specific to piping because they use the
implied direction of the previous component to determine the position. This implied
direction is some times referred to as the constrained centerline and is simply a
line drawn in the direction of the previous component. All of the following
commands will move components along this line.
DIST 300
CLEAR 400
TO N500
THRO PT
CONNect
ORI Y IS E45N
ORI P1 IS N
ORI
CONNECT
DIR S
DIR AND P3 IS U
Creating Elements
NEW BOX
CHOOSE ALL
Deleting Elements
DELETE ELBO
Q PARAM
Q DTXR
Query the rtext of the detref of the spref_ can also use dtxs
or dtxt
Q MTXX
Query the xtext of the matref of the spref _ can also use
mtxy or mtxz
Q PSATTS
Q OLIST
Q ORDER
Q PROP DESC
Query the data element with the dkey equal to DESC in the
component's dataset (Steelwork and Piping elements)
Q PRLS
Q PURP XXX
Piping Attributes.
Q CHOICE
Q CHOICE STYP
Q PL BOP
Q PA INSU
Q ITLE
Q LBOR
Q ABOR
Q APOS
Q LPOS
At Branch Level
Q TULEN
Q CLLEN
Steelwork
Q ODESP
Q ADESP
Q DRPS
Q NWEI
Q GWEI
Q NCOF
Q NSRF
Q MIDP
Q POS PPLINE TOS START WRT /* Query TOS of current element (SCTN)
Q PPLINE TOS DIR Query the direction of the TOS pline on a SCTN
The Construct Syntax
The construct syntax is described more fully in the Design reference manual and it
is worth looking at it in more detail. CONST allows distances and angles to be
calculated from the design data and is invaluable when you are writing
applications. For example
Q CONST ANGLE N AND W
Doc No: 9100-02-22-110-A4-Rev0
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