Baharke Underpass Report Edt r4

BH-SR-R0-001
INDEX
Page
No:
1 INTRODUCTION
2 PRESTRESSED BEAM SECTION DESIGN
2.1. PRESTRESSED BEAM SECTION PROPERTIES ............................... 3

2.2. COMPOSITE SECTION PROPERTIES .............................................. 5
7
2.3. DETERMINATION OF NUMBER OF STRAND .........................................
7
2.3.1. NUMBER OF STRANDS ............................................................................
2.3.2. LOSS OF PRESTRESS (AASHTO 9.16.2) ............................................8

2.3.3. FLEXURAL STRENGTH (A.A.S.H.T.O. 9.17) .......................................10
11
2.3.4. MAXIMUM REINFORCEMENT CHECK (A.A.S.H.T.O. 9.18.1) ...............
2.3.5. MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT CHECK (A.A.S.H.T.O. 9.18.1) ...............11

2.4. STRESS CHECK ...................................................................................12
17
2.5. SHEAR ....................................................................................................
18
2.6. HORIZONTAL SHEAR STRENGHT CHECK ..........................................
19
2.7. DISPLACEMENT .....................................................................................
3 ELASTOMERIC BEARING CALCULATIONS
21
3.1. COMPRESSION STRESSES ................................................................21

3.2. SHEAR EFFECT ...................................................................................23
23
3.3. ROTATION ON ELASTOMERIC BEARING ............................................
25
3.4. ROTATION .............................................................................................
3.5. ROTATION AND COMPRESSION ........................................................26

26
3.6. STABILITY ..............................................................................................
3.7. THICKNESS FOR STEEL PLATE .........................................................26
4 SUPERSTRUCTURE LOADS
27
27
4.1. ABUTMENT (PILE SUPPORTING SYSTEM) ...........................................
27
4.1.1. DEAD LOADS .........................................................................................
28
4.1.2. LIVE LOADS ............................................................................................
4.1.2.1. STANDARD TRUCK H30 - S24 .............................................................28

28
4.1.2.2. LANE LOADING ......................................................................................
29
4.1.3. SHRINKAGE & TEMP. EFFECT .............................................................
5 STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS AND SECTION DESIGNS
30
30
5.1. ABUTMENT AND PILE SUPPORTING SYSTEM (H=12.25 m) ...................................................
30
5.1.1. LOADS ACTING ON ABUTMENT AND PILE SYSTEM .......................................................
47
47
64
64
81
81
1. INTRODUCTION
This report includes structural analysis and design calculations of BAHARKE
INTERCHANGE pile supporting system. Bridge superstructure is h=120 cm depth
prestressed concrete beams that is connected with in-situ poured reinforced
concrete slab, has a 23.3 m length.
Substructure system of the bridge is composed of piles with 100 cm diameter.
There is 120 cm spacing between piles.In addition, 4 types of pile supporting system
is used and different reinforcement is applied on each system.
Connection element between piles and superstructure of bridge is cap beams that
stay on the piles
Below table includes main properties of bridge:
Span Number
Skew Angle
Span Length
Bridge Width
Beam depth
Beam quantity
Asphalt Thickness
Slab Thickness
Pile Diameter
Pile Spacing
1
0
23.3 m.
57.7 m.
1.2 m.
44
0.06 m.
0.25 m.
100 cm
120 cm
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
MATERIALS
Prestressed Beam Concrete:
C40/50
Reinforced Concrete
C25/30
Lean Concrete
C16/20
Prestressing Strands
0.6 diameter low relaxation
Reinforcement
St III a
fc=40 N/mm
fc=25 N/mm
fc=16 N/mm
fs=1860 N/Mm
fy=420 N/mm
St III a (Pile Spiral Reinforcement)

Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete
C40
fy=420 N/mm
C25
Modulus of Elasticity of Strands
Ec=23650 N/mm
Ec=29915 N/mm
Es=197000 N/mm
Modulus of Elasticity of Reinforcement
Es=200000 N/mm
2.PRESTRESSED PRECAST BEAM SECTION DESIGN (L=23.3 m)

2.1. DETERMINATION OF THE SUPERSTRUCTURE LOADS
2.1.1 DEAD LOADS
Self weight of
beam
Self weight of the
slab
Amount of the
beams
Width of the curb
Railguard
Curb
= 0.5335x 2.5 = 1.33375 t/m

= 1.3 x 0.25 x 2.5 = 0.8125 t/m
=
44
=
0
m
= 2 x 0.2 / 44 = 0.0091
= 0 x 0.25 x 2.5 / 44 = 0
2.2. DETERMINATION OF THE PRESTRESSING FORCES THAT WILL BE APPLIED

ON THE BEAMS
2.2.1 CRITERIA (AASHTO 9.15.2)
CONCRETE
Precast Beam (fc ) (t/cm)
: 0.4
Cast in place slab (fc) (t/cm)
: 0.25
Allowable Stresses:
During the transfer:
Characteristic strength fci
( 0.75 fc)
Allowable stress (compression)
: 0.75x0.4 =0.3 t/cm
( 0.60 fci)
Allowable stress (tension) (without

reinforcement)
Allowable stress (tension) (with reinforcement)
: 0.60x0.3 =0.18 t/cm
( 0 . 025 f c )
( 0 . 0623 f c )
: 0.01369 t/cm
: 0.03412 t/cm
At Service State
Characteristic strength fc
:0.4 t/cm
Allowable stress (compression) ( 0.40 fc)
:0.40x0.4=0.16 t/cm
:0.0 t/cm
Allowable stress (tension) (without reinforcement)

( 0 .050 f c )
: 0.03162 t/cm
At cast in place slab at the service state:

Characteristic strength fc
:0.25 t/cm
Allowable stress (compression) ( 0.40 fc)
:0.40x0.25=0.10 t/cm
:0.0 t/cm
Allowable stress (tension) (without reinforcement)
( 0 . 050 f c )
Modular Ratio
Transformed Slab Width
:0.0250 t/cm
:0.791
:102.83 cm
Pretension Steel:
0.6 270K Type Low Relaxation Prestress Steel
Nominal Diameter
Section Area (cm)
Tension Strength (t/cm)
: 0.600
: 1.40
:18.6
2.2.2. SECTION PROPERTIES

Area:
A: 5335 cm
Height:
Center of Gravity:
(from bottom)
h: 120 cm
: 65.33 cm
Moment of Inertia (x-x):
Ixx: 10150795 cm4
Moment of Inertia (y-y):
Iyy: 3006600 cm4
Moment of Resistance (top):
W t: 185673.95 cm
Moment of Resistance (bottom):
W b: 155377.24 cm
PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE SECTION
Area:
A: 7906 cm
Height:
Center of Gravity:
(from bottom)
h: 145 cm
: 87.17 cm
Moment of Inertia (x-x):
Ixx: 18111806 cm4
Moment of Inertia (y-y):
Iyy: 1830000 cm4
Moment of Resistance (top):
W t: 313201.25 cm
W b: 207770.95 cm
W bb: 551718.00 cm
PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE COMPESITE SECTION
V(ton)
M(ton-m)
V(ton)
M(ton-m)
V(ton)
M(ton-m)
V(ton)
M(ton-m)
SHEAR FORCE
MOMENT
SHEAR FORCE
MOMENT
SHEAR FORCE
MOMENT
SHEAR FORCE
MOMENT
1.
2.
3.
4.
0.012
23.341
-0.007
2.556
-0.025
9.466
-0.042
15.538
0m
24.103
22.013
2.822
2.300
10.451
8.519
17.155
13.984
0.05 L
SPAN LENGTH = 23.3 m.
48.206
20.684
5.353
2.045
19.824
7.573
32.542
12.431
0.1 L
66.102
19.356
7.586
1.789
28.095
6.626
46.118
10.877
0.15 L
84.010
18.027
9.522
1.534
35.262
5.679
57.885
9.323
0.20 L
95.722
16.699
11.160
1.278
41.328
4.733
67.841
7.769
0.25L
107.435
15.370
12.500
1.022
46.290
3.786
75.987
6.215
0.30 L
LOADING....................................................................................................
BEAM SELF WEIGHT
LOADING....................................................................................................
SLAB WEIGHT
LOADING....................................................................................................
ASPHALT+BARRIER+PAVEMENT
LOADING....................................................................................................
H30-S24 STANDARD TRUCK LOADING
LOAD RESULTANTS FOR PRESTRESSED BEAM
114.214
14.041
13.542
0.767
50.150
2.840
82.322
4.661
0.35 L
120.989
12.713
14.286
0.511
52.906
1.893
86.848
3.108
0.40 L
122.209
11.384
14.733
0.256
54.561
0.947
89.563
1.554
0.45 L
123.428
10.056
14.882
0.000
55.112
0.000
90.468
0.000
0.50 L
2.3. DETERMINATION OF NUMBER OF STRAND

2.3.1. NUMBER OF STRANDS
Loading Conditions
Moment
ton-m
Stress (At Bottom Fiber)

ton/cm
1. Beam Dead Load
90.46826 0.0582249
2. Slab + Diaphragm
55.11188 0.0354697
3. Other Loads
14.8819 0.0071626
4. Traffic Loads
123.4278 0.0594057
STRESS=
0.160263 t/cm
Allowable tensile stress =
-0.0316 t/cm
Ps Pse c
+
=
Ab
Wb
0.128663 t/cm
b =
Center of gravity of strands are 8.63 cm. from bottom of beam;

eb= 56.71 cm
ec= 78.55 cm
Ps=
232.920 ton
fs' = Min rupture stress = 270000 lib/in = 18.6 t/cm

Initial prestressing stress= 0.75 x 18.6 = 13.95 t/cm
Loss of prestressing is assumed as %16.146
Load carried by ONE STRAND
= 0.75 x 18.6 x 1.4 x 0.83854 = 16.377 ton
n = Toron Says =
232.920
16.377
= 14.22
16
strands are selected...
2.3.2. LOSS OF PRESTRESS (AASHTO 9.16.2)

A)
ELASTIC SHORTENING
ES =
Es
fcir
Ec '
fcir: Stress on concrete at the center of gravity of strands.
fcir =
P
P.e 2 Mb.e
+
Ab
Ib
Ib
P = 0.69 fs n Akablo
P = 2874820.0 N
e = 567.1 mm
Ib = 101507950000 mm4
Ab = 533500 mm
Mb = 904682600 N-mm
fcir =
2874820
533500
2874820 x 567.05
1.01508E+11
904682600 x 567.05
101507950000
fcir = 9.44 MPa

9.83188143
ES = 197000
29915.1467
9.44
= 62.17 MPa
Loss Percenatge = 62.17 / ( . fs) = 4.457 %
B) SHRINKAGE
SH=117.21-1.034RH
SH=117.21-1.034 x 60
RH=%60
=
55.17 MPa
C) CREEP OF CONCRETE
CRc = 12 fcir 7 fcds

fcds =
551118800 x 567.05
1.01508E+11
148819000 x 785.47
1.81118E+11
3.724
CRc=12 x 9.441 - 7 x 3.724 = 87.22 MPa

D) RELAXATION OF PRESTRESSING STEEL
CRs = 34 0.10ES 0.05(SH + CRc )

CRs =
34 - 0.10 x 62.17 - 0.05 x (55.17+ 87.22)

Loss Percenatge = 20.664 / ( . fs) =
Type of Loss
1.481 %
Loss Percantage
ELASTIC SHORTENING
4.46 %
SHRINKAGE
3.96 %
CREEP OF CONCRETE
6.25 %
RELAXATION OF
PRESTRESSING STEEL
TOTAL LOSS
1.48 %
16.15 %
Choosen Loss percentage is valid.
20.66 MPa
2.3.3. FLEXURAL STRENGTH
(A.A.S.H.T.O. 9.17)
Mu = 1.3 (DL +1.67 LL)

Mu = 1.3(90.46826+55.11188+14.8819+ 1.67 x 123.42783) = 476.562 t-m
Mu = 1.3(90.46826+55.11188) =
189.254 t-m
(After Casting slab)
* * fs '
fsu* = fs ' 1
( AASHTO
p
fc
p* =
(Service State)
9.17.4.1)
As *
bd
*=0.280
b1= 0.764
fc' = 40 Mpa
(C 40 concrete)
p * fsu *
M n = A s* .fsu* .d.1 0.60
f' c
16 x 140
= 0.0012883
1275 x 1363.75
0.280
fsu*= 1860
10.764
Mn = [
40
2240 x 1819.16 x 1364
536.18 t-m
p* =
16 x 140
1860
0.0012883
(1 0.60
>
1819.16 MPa
0.0012883 x 1819.16
40
476.56 t-m
......
)]
= 536.18 t.m
(Service state)
= 0.0015774
1275 x 1113.8
fsu*= 1860
Mn = [
0.280
10.764
1860
0.0015774
2240 x 1810 x 1114
432.22 t-m
40
(1 0.60
1810.00 MPa
0.0015774 x 1810
> 189.25 t-m
The section is valid about of flexural strength.
10
40
.....
)]
= 432.22 t.m
(After Casting slab)
2.3.4. MAXIMUM REINFORCEMENT CHECK (A.A.S.H.T.O. 9.18.1)

p * fsu *
0.36 1
f 'c
0.0012883 x 1819.16
=
0.0586 < 0.275
40
Section satisfies maximum reinforcement ratio requirement.
2.3.5. MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT CHECK (A.A.S.H.T.O. 9.18.1)
Wcb
P P.e
+
1
Mcr* = fr +
Wcb MDL
Ac Wb
Wb
fr = 0.62 f ' c = 3.921 Mpa
MDL = 90.46826+55.11188 = 145.58
Mc r * = 3.921 +
2985530
790575
Mcr* = 337.221
Mn =
536.18 t-m
t-m
2985530 x 567.1
155377240
207770950
2.08E+08 - 1455800x10
155377240
t-m
>
1.2 Mcr*= 404.67 t-m
Section satisfies minimum reinforcement ratio requirement.
11
- 1
2.4. STRESS CHECK

Initial prestressing;
0.75 x 18.6 = 13.95 t/cm
Load after transferring
Pi=13.95 x 1.4 x 16 x 0.955 = 298.553 ton
(First Loss Percenatge is accepted % 10.)
Load after losses:
Pf=13.95 x 1.4 x 16 x 0.839 = 262.03 ton
PRESTRESSED BEAM
Bottom:
P .e
Pi
M
+ i b
Ab
Wb
Wb
=
Top:
P .e
Pi
M
i b +
Ab
Wt
Wt
COMPOSTE BEAM
Bottom:
P .e
Pf
M
+ f c
Ac
Wcb
Wcb
Top:
P .e
Pf
M
f c +
Ac
Wct
Wct
Top of beam:
P .e
Pf
M
f c +
Ac
Wbt
Wbt
12
-0.0203
0.0491
-0.0278
0.0491
-0.0130
0.1140
-0.0800
0.0149
0.0049
-0.0112
-0.0065
0.1294
-0.0800
0.0074
0.0024
-0.0210
0.0956
0.0149
0.0074
-0.0178
-0.0912
-0.0912
0.0956
0.1472
0.1560
-0.0089
0.1090
-0.0178
-0.0260
-0.0306
0.1090
-0.0912
0.0092
-0.0912
0.0046
-0.0089
0.1539
0.1594
0.0560
0.0560
0.1090
2410.29
1205.14
-0.0110
282.20
141.10
0.1090
1045.07
-0.0055
1715.52
522.53
0.05 L
1.165
857.76
1
1
0.0070
0.0097
0.0282
-0.0800
0.0853
-0.0258
-0.0337
0.0956
0.0491
-0.0070
0.0282
-0.0912
0.1312
-0.0337
0.1090
-0.0177
-0.0912
0.0175
0.1440
-0.0209
0.1090
0.0560
4820.63
535.31
1982.40
3254.19
0.1 L
2.33
0.0224
0.0134
0.0400
-0.0800
0.0615
-0.0355
-0.0478
0.0956
0.0491
0.0048
0.0400
-0.0912
0.1172
-0.0478
0.1090
-0.0104
-0.0912
0.0248
0.1352
-0.0297
0.1090
0.0560
6610.21
758.64
2809.46
4611.84
0.15 L
3.495
0.0362
0.0170
0.0502
-0.0800
0.0398
-0.0450
-0.0599
0.0956
0.0491
0.0149
0.0502
-0.0912
0.1050
-0.0599
0.1090
-0.0040
-0.0912
0.0312
0.1277
-0.0373
0.1090
0.0560
8401.01
952.20
3526.25
5788.47
0.20 L
4.66
0.0473
0.0194
0.0588
-0.0800
0.0230
-0.0514
-0.0703
0.0956
0.0491
0.0236
0.0588
-0.0912
0.0947
-0.0703
0.1090
0.0013
-0.0912
0.0365
0.1213
-0.0437
0.1090
0.0560
9572.24
1115.97
4132.76
6784.08
0.25L
5.825
13
Since stress values are exceeding the limiting values, debonding is needed.
Location
Support
Distance(m)
0
Loading
M1 (ton-cm)
0.00
M2 (ton-cm)
0.00
M3 (ton-cm)
0.00
M4 (ton-cm)
0.00
TRANSFER STAGE
Pi / Ab
0.0560
Bottom< 0.18 ton/cm
Pi x eb / Wb
0.1090
M1 / Wb
0.0000
0.1649
Top> -0.0341 ton/cm
Pi x eb / Wt
-0.0912
M1 / Wt
0.0000
-0.0352
AFTER CASTING SLAB
Bottom< 0.16 ton/cm
Pi x eb / Wb
0.1090
M1+M2 / Wb
0.0000
0.1649
Top> -0.0316 ton/cm
Pi x eb / Wt
-0.0912
M1+M2 / Wt
0.0000
-0.0352
SERVICE STATE
Pf / Ab
0.0491
Bottom< 0.16 ton/cm
Pf x eb / Wb
0.0956
M1+M2 / Wb
0.0000
M3+M4 / Wcb
0.0000
0.1447
Top> -0.0316 ton/cm
Pf x eb / Wt
-0.0800
M1+M2 / Wb
0.0000
M3+M4 / Wcb
0.0000
-0.0309
0.0567
0.0217
0.0659
-0.0800
0.0083
-0.0577
-0.0787
0.0956
0.0491
0.0306
0.0659
-0.0912
0.0862
-0.0787
0.1090
0.0057
-0.0912
0.0409
0.1160
-0.0489
0.1090
0.0560
10743.47
1249.97
4628.99
7598.67
0.30 L
6.99
STRESSES ON PRESTRESSED BEAM (ton/cm)
0.0636
0.0232
0.0713
-0.0800
-0.0020
-0.0615
-0.0853
0.0956
0.0491
0.0361
0.0713
-0.0912
0.0797
-0.0853
0.1090
0.0091
-0.0912
0.0443
0.1119
-0.0530
0.1090
0.0560
11421.44
1354.19
5014.95
8232.24
0.35 L
8.155
0.0689
0.0245
0.0753
-0.0800
-0.0103
-0.0651
-0.0899
0.0956
0.0491
0.0401
0.0753
-0.0912
0.0750
-0.0899
0.1090
0.0116
-0.0912
0.0468
0.1090
-0.0559
0.1090
0.0560
12098.95
1428.64
5290.64
8684.79
0.40 L
9.32
0.0715
0.0248
0.0776
-0.0800
-0.0139
-0.0659
-0.0928
0.0956
0.0491
0.0424
0.0776
-0.0912
0.0722
-0.0928
0.1090
0.0130
-0.0912
0.0482
0.1073
-0.0576
0.1090
0.0560
12220.90
1473.30
5456.05
8956.32
0.45 L
10.485
0.0726
0.0251
0.0784
-0.0800
-0.0155
-0.0666
-0.0937
0.0956
0.0491
0.0432
0.0784
-0.0912
0.0712
-0.0937
0.1090
0.0135
-0.0912
0.0487
0.1067
-0.0582
0.1090
0.0560
12342.78
1488.19
5511.19
9046.83
0.50 L
11.65
5
16
16
180.146
Pf (ton)
180.146
205.255
180.146
205.255
262.03
298.553
262.03
298.553
262.03
298.553
262.03
298.553
56.705
8.625
16
262.03
298.553
56.705
8.625
14
Transfer distance of prestressing strands, Lt = (fpe/3)*Db; fpe = 162 ksi, Db = 0.6 in --> Lt = 820 mm
205.255
Pi (ton)
56.705
8.625
0.30 L
6.99
16
262.03
298.553
56.705
8.625
0.35 L
8.155
16
262.03
298.553
56.705
8.625
0.40 L
9.32
16
262.03
298.553
56.705
8.625
0.45 L
10.485
16
262.03
298.553
56.705
8.625
0.50 L
11.65
78.99017 78.99017 78.99017 78.54699 78.54699 78.54699 78.54699 78.54699 78.54699 78.54699 78.54699 78.54699
56.705
8.625
16
0.25L
5.825
Cable Numbers
0.20 L
4.66
ec (cm)
56.705
8.625
16
0.15 L
3.495
57.14818 57.14818 57.14818
11
0.1 L
2.33
eb (cm)
11
0.05 L
1.165
8.181818 8.181818 8.181818
11
1
1
x (cm)
n (number)
Support
0
Strand Row No/
Location
Distance(m)
STRAND CONFIGURATION AFTER DEBONDING
30
24
18
12
y
cm
Support
0
TRANSFER STAGE
Pi / Ab
0.0385
Bottom< 0.18 ton/cm
Pi x eb / Wb
0.0755
M1 / Wb
0.0000
0.1140
Top > -0.0341 ton/cm
Pi x eb / Wt
-0.0632
M1 / Wt
0.0000
-0.0247
AFTER CASTING SLAB

Bottom< 0.16 ton/cm
Pi x eb / Wb
0.0755
M1+M2 / Wb
0.0000
0.1140
Top> -0.0316 ton/cm

Pi x eb / Wt
-0.0632
M1+M2 / Wt
0.0000
-0.0247
SERVICE STATE
Pf / Ab
0.0338
Bottom< 0.16 ton/cm
Pf x eb / Wb
0.0663
M1+M2 / Wb
0.0000
M3+M4 / Wcb
0.0000
0.1000
Top> -0.0316 ton/cm

Pf x eb / Wt
-0.0554
M1+M2 / Wb
0.0000
M3+M4 / Wcbt
0.0000
-0.0217
Location
Distance(m)
0.0338
0.0338
-0.0130
0.0693
-0.0554
0.0149
0.0049
-0.0019
-0.0065
0.0847
-0.0554
0.0074
0.0024
-0.0118
0.0663
-0.0098
-0.0173
-0.0178
0.0149
0.0074
0.0663
-0.0632
-0.0632
-0.0089
0.0962
0.1051
-0.0155
-0.0201
0.0755
0.0092
0.0046
-0.0178
-0.0632
-0.0632
0.0755
0.1029
0.1084
-0.0089
0.0755
-0.0110
0.0755
-0.0055
0.0385
0.05 L
1.165
0.0385
1
1
0.0070
0.0097
0.0282
-0.0800
0.0853
-0.0258
-0.0337
0.0956
0.0491
-0.0070
0.0282
-0.0912
0.1312
-0.0337
0.1090
-0.0177
0.0175
-0.0912
0.1440
-0.0209
0.1090
0.0560
0.1 L
2.33
0.0224
0.0134
0.0400
-0.0800
0.0615
-0.0355
-0.0478
0.0956
0.0491
0.0048
0.0400
-0.0912
0.1172
-0.0478
0.1090
-0.0104
0.0248
-0.0912
0.1352
-0.0297
0.1090
0.0560
0.15 L
3.495
0.0362
0.0170
0.0502
-0.0800
0.0398
-0.0450
-0.0599
0.0956
0.0491
0.0149
0.0502
-0.0912
0.1050
-0.0599
0.1090
-0.0040
0.0312
-0.0912
0.1277
-0.0373
0.1090
0.0560
0.20 L
4.66
15
0.0473
0.0194
0.0588
-0.0800
0.0230
-0.0514
-0.0703
0.0956
0.0491
0.0236
0.0588
-0.0912
0.0947
-0.0703
0.1090
0.0013
0.0365
-0.0912
0.1213
-0.0437
0.1090
0.0560
0.25L
5.825
0.0567
0.0217
0.0659
-0.0800
0.0083
-0.0577
-0.0787
0.0956
0.0491
0.0306
0.0659
-0.0912
0.0862
-0.0787
0.1090
0.0057
0.0409
-0.0912
0.1160
-0.0489
0.1090
0.0560
0.30 L
6.99
STRESSES AFTER DEBONDING (ton/cm)
0.0636
0.0232
0.0713
-0.0800
-0.0020
-0.0615
-0.0853
0.0956
0.0491
0.0361
0.0713
-0.0912
0.0797
-0.0853
0.1090
0.0091
0.0443
-0.0912
0.1119
-0.0530
0.1090
0.0560
0.35 L
8.155
0.0689
0.0245
0.0753
-0.0800
-0.0103
-0.0651
-0.0899
0.0956
0.0491
0.0401
0.0753
-0.0912
0.0750
-0.0899
0.1090
0.0116
0.0468
-0.0912
0.1090
-0.0559
0.1090
0.0560
0.40 L
9.32
0.0715
0.0248
0.0776
-0.0800
-0.0139
-0.0659
-0.0928
0.0956
0.0491
0.0424
0.0776
-0.0912
0.0722
-0.0928
0.1090
0.0130
0.0482
-0.0912
0.1073
-0.0576
0.1090
0.0560
0.45 L
10.485
0.0726
0.0251
0.0784
-0.0800
-0.0155
-0.0666
-0.0937
0.0956
0.0491
0.0432
0.0784
-0.0912
0.0712
-0.0937
0.1090
0.0135
0.0487
-0.0912
0.1067
-0.0582
0.1090
0.0560
0.50 L
11.65
Calculation Of Tensile Reinforcement at The Beam's Top Flange
Calculation Of Tensile Reinforcement at The Beam's Bottom Flange
21.4 cm
25.5 cm
2103 cm
CG=
8.33
1705 cm
CG=
13.47
Stress At The Center Of Gravity Of Cross section
Fe = 30914.1 / 1687 = 18.32 cm

at the top flange;
6
20
Stress At The Center
Of Gravity Of Cross
section
The area
provided=
18.9 cm
98.6 cm
72.60 kgf/cm
>
119.5 cm
21.4 cm
14.70 kgf/cm
F = 2103 x 14.7 = 30914.1 kgf
18.3 cm
25.5 cm
24.70 kgf/cm
OK
F = 1705x8.03=13691.15kgf
Fe = 13691.15/1687 = 8cm
at the bottom flange;
4
20
The area
provided=
12.6 cm
>
OK
8.03 kgf/cm
114.00 kgf/cm
15.50 kgf/cm
Not: Schematic view: Not used for real tensile area....
16
8.0 cm
2.5. SHEAR
Vk
15.54
ton
Mk =
17.11
ton-m
Vt
9.47
ton
Mt =
10.43
ton-m
Vakb
2.56
ton
Makb =
2.82
ton-m
Vh_i
23.34
ton
Mh_i =
24.11
ton-m
Load resultants are calculated at h/2 distance from the face of the support. AASHTO 9.20.2
Vu = 1.30 ( 15.53819 + 9.46562 + 2.55601 + 1.67 x 23.34102 )=

b'= 20 cm
d =136.375 cm
I
Yt
( 0.5
fc + fPE fd
....AASHTO 9-27
....AASHTO 9-28
Vcw =
0.29 fc + 0.3fpc b d + VP
....AASHTO 9-29
Vc=min ( Vci,Vcw )
fpc =
0.022786706
t/cm
fd =
0.026215725
t/cm
fpe=
0.124835021
Mcr=
270.61 t-m
Mmax =
Vd =
27.56 t
Vi=
Vci=
295.47 t
Vi(min)=
Vcw=
56.08 t
Vs =
Vu
Vc =
Vs =
t/cm
86.501
0.9
(Service State)
>= 96 cm (0.8 x h)
VM
Vci = 0.05 f c b d + Vd + i cr
MMAX
Vci (min) = 0.14 f c b d
Mcr =
86.501 ton
56.013
53.996
t-m
t
19.7231
Vp = 0
t
= 40.03 ton
56.08
Av .fsy .d
s
Av =
Av x 4200 x 136.375
s
40030 =
12 iin
Av =
2.26
cm
At the support 12/10 , Other locations 12/ 20 stirrup is chosen..
17
0.07 s
s= 32 cm
2.6. HORIZONTAL SHEAR STRENGHT CHECK

At Support :
Vu < Vnh
0.85
(AASHTO 9.20.4.3)
Vnh =vnh . bv .dp

vnh = 80 psi
=
5.62
kg/cm2
bv =
127.5
cm
dp =
136.38
cm ( At Support )
VDL =
27.56
ton
VLL =
23.34
ton
Vu = 1.3 ( VDL + 1.67VLL )

=
Existing Shear Reinforcement
12
Reinforcement Diameter =
1.2
cm
Reinforcement Spacing =
20
cm
20
2
2.26 cm
Av =
bw = 20.00 cm
2
fy = 4200 kg/cm
minAv
( mm2)
0.34.bw.s
fy
cm2
0.32
<
2.26
*** Vnh must increased

(+ Vnh) =a. (1.10.fy/275 ).bw.d
=
274,102
a=
kg
Vnh = Vnh.bv.dp+ (+Vnh) =

Vnh =
316.12
5.98
ton
> Vu=
ton
371.90
86.50
18
ton
O.K.
86.50
ton
2.7. DISPLACEMENT
2.83 m
12 ton
12 ton
A
Point C defines the center of gravity of moving load

3ton
8.82 m. 4.25 m 4.25 m
5.98 m. B
C
23.3 m.
Moment (t-m)
80.8
119.1
125.4
C
B
max
Displacement from moving load is calculated by using the moment of area

under curvature diagram. K(curvature) = M/EI
At mid span;
E = 2991514.66651929 t/m
IC = 0.1811 m4
Ib = 0.10150795 m4
Beam Dead Load

qkr=
dk =
0.017
5 q k L4
384 E I b
P e b L2
P =
8 E Ib
K =
1.334 t/m
m
Prestressing Force
Pi= 298.553 ton
eb = 56.705 cm
dp =
0.038
Slab
qs =
ds =
5 q S L4
S =
384 E Ic
0.812500 t/m
0.01
19
Other Dead Loads

qd =
ds =
D =
0.41304 t/m
0.003
Moving Loads
Mc = 119.1+(
5 q D L4
384 E Ic
S=
1.3
125.4 - 119.1
) x 2.83 = 123.3 t-m
4.25
dmax=DtAC= 0.5 x 119.1 /EI x 8.82 x 2/3 + (119.1+123.3 ) /2EI x2.83 x (8.82 + 1.423)
dmax= 6601.7 x (S / 1.65) /EI =
0.0096 m
< L/800 = 0.03 m
Long Term Deflections

1. Before Installation *
d = 1.8 x dk -1.85 x dp *
d = -0.0397 m
2. Service condition displacements **

Beam Weight
--> 2.4 x dk **
Prestressing
--> 2.2 x
dp
Slab
--> 2.3 x
ds
Other Dead Loads
dd
--> 3.0 x
d = 2.4 x 0.017 - 2.2 x 0.038 + 2.3 x 0.01 + 3.0 x 0.003

d = -0.011 m
* , **
Long term deflection coefficients are taken from PCI Table 4.6.2. ( From PCI
Design Handbook: Precast and Prestressed Concrete, 1992)
20
.....
3.ELASTOMERIC BEARING CALCULATIONS

s: Shear deformation at the one direction of undisturbed elastomering bearing's.
S =
1.20 LE ( ISI + ROTRE )

2
LE : Total moveable bridge length =

s
0.77 cm
2835
cm
( Rtre ve s deiiminden meydana gelen deplasman)
Vk
15.5382
ton
Vt
9.4656
ton
Vakb
2.5560
ton
Vh_i
23.3410
ton (Result with dynamic factor)
25.00 cm
Elastomeric bearing's length on long way of bridge
45.00 cm
Elastomeric bearing's length on short way of bridge
h_i
0.80 cm
Interior Layer Thickness
h_d
0.40 cm
Exterior Layer Thickness
n_i
t_pl
h rt
=
=
2 tabaka
0.20 cm
2.40 cm
3.00
Number of Interior Layers

Steel Plate thickness
Total Elastomer Height
cm
Nmax = max x A =
78.75 ton
Maximum Horizontal Load Capacity : Hmax = G x A x s / hrt = 5.63 ton
Maximum Vertical Load Capacity :
AASTHO 14.6.5.3.4
AASTHO 14.5.3.1
3.1. COMPRESSION STRESSES

3.1.1. Service State
s 1.0 G.S 7.0 Mpa (70 kgf/cm2)
....... AASHTO 14.6.6.3.2
s: Compression Stress at Service conditions

G: Shear Modulus of Elastomer (73o F.)
S: Shape factor for Elastomer
S=
L.W
2h ri (L + W )
....... AASHTO 14.7.5.1-1
L: Elastomeric bearing's length on long way of bridge.

W: Elastomeric bearing's length on short way of bridge.
hri: ith layer thickness
21
S,TL = 15.53819 + 9.46562 + 2.55601 + 23.34102

25 x 45
S=
L.W
=
2h ri (L + W )
S,TL =
45.245 kgf/cm
= 0.0452 t/cm =
25 x 45
2 x 0.8 x (25 + 45 )
1.0 x 10 x 10.045
45.245 kgf/cm
10.045
100.45 kgf/cm
OK
70 kgf/cm
3.1.1.2. Live Load Conditions

L 0.66 G.S
....... AASHTO 14.7.5.3.2.1
L : Compression stress for bearing under live load coniditions

23.34102
25 x 45
LL,TL =
LL,TL = 20.75 kgf/cm
0.0207 t/cm =
0.66 x 10 x 10.045
20.75 kgf/cm
66.297 kgf/cm
OK
Vertical Displacement
Inner Layers h = 8 mm
S=
10.045
ci=
0.0297
(for outer layers)
ci=
0.0297
(for inner layers)
c =
2 x 0.8 x 0.0297 = 0.048 cm < 0.07H = 0.21 cm
Section satisfies the verticel displacement criteria.

Transverse Displacement
maks. s =
hrt /2
12 mm
Elastomeric Bearing transverse displacement :

Concrete expansion coefficient :
c =
0.0000108 / C o
Concrete shrinkage coefficient :
sh =
0.0002
T =
25
LE joints,
The distance between the expansion
Each bearing transverse displacement
LE
(elongation)
(LE x c x T) / 2 =
Each bearing transverse displacement

(shortening)
(LE x c x T +LE x sh)/2 =
= 28.35 m
22
3.78 mm
6.58 mm
3.2. SHEAR EFFECT
hrt 2.s
Total brake load =
Total Beam number =
44
ton
Force on each bearing =
w =
s=
H T
=
GxF
0 / (44 x 2) = 0 kg
0 x 2.4
10 x 25 x 45
= 0 cm
2 x (0 + 0.76545 ) =
1.5309 cm < hrt = 2.4 cm
OK
3.3. ROTATION ON ELASTOMERIC BEARING

12 ton
4.25 m
12 ton
3 ton
4.25 m
5.983 m
qzati =
qtab =
qdiger =
0.25
23.3
0.25
23
1.3338 t/m
0.8125 t/m
0.2021 t/m
fc :
E:
40
2991400
Mpa
t/m2
4
IC : 0.18111806 m
4
Ib : 0.10150795 m
3
1zati =
qzati x Ls
24 x E x Ib
2zati =
Md x Ls
Rotation due to distributed load

Rotation due to overhang
3 x E x Ib
Ls : Clear span length

Md: Moment from overhang
Rotation from Self Load
Ls =
23.3
Md = 0.0417 t.m
1zati = 0.0023150 radian
(+)
2zati =
1.066E-06 radian
(-)
zati =
-3
2.314 x 10
radian
Rotation from prestressing force

Ls = 23.3 m
Pi = 298.55 ton
e = 0.5671 m
Pi =
-6.495
x 10-3
P e
2 E Ib
radian
Rotation from slab

qtab = 0.8125 t/m
Md = 0.025 t.m
1tab = 0.00141 radian

(+)
2
tab = 6.49E-07 radian
(-)
-3
x
10
tab = 1.4096
radian
Rotation from asphalt, barrier and pavement
qdiger = 0.2021 t/m
Md =
1
diger
0.006
t.m
= 0.0001966 radian
(+)
diger = 9.053E-08 radian

(-)
-3
diger = 0.1965 x 10
radian
2
24
Rotation from live load

Pi x aix bi
6 x E x IC x L s
1zati =
( ai + 2 x bi )
Pi = Concentrated Load Value (ton)

ai= Dist. to the support (m)
bi= Distance to the other support (m)
1
L
P1 = 12 ton
0.0006498 radian
a1= 14.483 m
b1=
8.817
2
L
0.0007704 radian
a2= 10.233 m
b2= 13.067 m
P2 = 12 ton
0.0001667 radian
a3= 5.983 m
b3= 17.317 m
P3 =
3
L
-3
L =
1.58685 x 10
3 ton
radian
3.4. ROTATION
2. c
LL ( A .A .S.H.T.O . 14 .4.1.4)
L
TL: Relative rotation for elastomeric bearing between upper and bottom faces
TL, x
c: Unit defromation
c =
ci
h ri
LL
( A .A .S.H.T.O . 14 .4.1.2)
ci: Unit defromation for i'th layer

zati
Pi
tab
diger
L
yol
-3
2.314 x 10
-3
-6.495 x 10
-3
1.410 x 10
-3
0.197 x 10
=
=
| S| =
eci=
eci=
c =
(Beam Self Weight)

(Prestressing )
-3
1.587 x 10
-3
0.000 x 10
(Slab Load )
(Asphalt, Barrier and Pavement Loads)
(Moving Load)
(From Road Grade)
-3
0.988 x 10
radian
0.0297
(Ext. Layer)
Values are taken from AASHTO LRFD
0.0297
(Int.Layer)
Figure C14.7.5.3.3.1
2 x 0.4 x 0.0297 + 2 x 0.8 x 0.0297 = 0.07128 cm
2. c
= 0.1426 =
L
25.0
0.0057024 rad > 0.000988 rad
25
OK
3.5. ROTATION AND COMPRESSION
L
> 0 .5 G S
h ri
S

n
..... AASHTO 14.6.6.3.5b-1
B : Bearing Length along axis of rotation (m) (L)

h ri : Layer thickness
S : Rotation at supports
S =
45.245 kgf/cm
24.231 kgf/cm
OK
3.6. STABILITY
Toplam elastomer kalnl : H
H = 3 cm
H < L/3
H < W/3
H < 8.333 cm
OK
H < 15 cm
OK
3.7. THICKNESS FOR STEEL PLATE

Service Conditions
3 h ma x S
FY
hS
0.03
cm
2
Fy : Steel Plate yielding stregth (kgf/cm )
hmax: En yksek tabaka kalnl

Fy = 3650 kgf/cm2
Live Load Conditions
hS
FTH :
2 h ma x L
FTH
0.02
cm
DFTH = 1650 kgf/cm2
Fatique limit for steel plate (kgf/cm2)
hs = 0.2 cm
>
0.03 cm
OK
26
4. SUPERSTRUCTURE LOADS
4.1. ABUTMENT (PILE SUPPORTING SYSTEM)
4.1.1. DEAD LOADS (DL)
Unit load of bridge platform
Precast Beam
In-situ casted slab
Asphalt
Handrail
: 44 x 0.5333 x 2.5 x 23.3

: 0.25 x 57.7 x 2.5 x 23.8
: 0.06 x 57.7 x 2.3 x 24
:
= 1366.8479 ton
= 858.2875 ton
= 191.1024 ton
=
12.3200 ton
+
g = 2428.5578 ton
Cap beam
: 1 x 1.3 x 1 x 2.5 x 57.55
187.0375 ton
P
g= 2428.5578 t/m
0.25 m.
23.3 m.
0.25 m.
R max
According to results of total dead load of bridge platform, reaction force acting on one support will be
calculated as shown below:
Length of the platform = 57.7 m
R max =
2428.5578
2
1214.2789 ton
Total dead load acting on a piles = R max + W cap beam = 1214.2789 + 187.0375 = 1401.316 ton
Dead load acting on a 1 m =
1401.3160
57.7
24.286239 ton/m
27
4.1.2. LIVE LOADS (LL)

4.1.2.1.
STANDARD TRUCK H30 - S24
24 ton 24 ton
4.25 m.
6 ton
4.25 m.
0.25 m.
23.3 m.
0.25 m.
R max
24 x ( 23.3 + 23.3 - 4.25 ) + 6 x ( 23.3 - 8.50 )

23.3
R max =
= 47.433 ton
4.1.2.2. LANE LOADING
P = 19.50 ton
g= 1.5 t/m
0.25 m.
23.3 m.
0.25 m.
R max
R max =
1.50
( 23.3 + 0.25 + 0.25 ) x ( 23.3 + 0.25 - 0.25 ) + 19.50 = 37.35 ton
2 x 23.3
28
4.1.3. SHRINKAGE & TEMP. EFFECT

Bridge is in cold climate
Y.K..T. . 1.3.18 ;
In cold climate
Temp. Increase: t = 20 C
o
Temp Decrease : t = -25 C

o
Shrinkage
t = -25 C
o
L
=
2
= 20 E-05
= 25 E-05
(AASHTO 8.5.4 )
(23.3+2x0.25)x(20E-05+25 E-05)
2
= 0.005355
Choosen Bearing...
a = 250 mm.
H=
w G F
=
T
b = 450 mm.
0.5355 x 10 x 25 x 45
2.4
T=
=
24 mm.
G=10 kgf/cm
2510 kgf/bearing
This load acts from center of gravity of superstructure.

Moment Arm = 0.653 + 0.03 + 0.15 = 0.833 m.
29
5. STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS AND SECTION DESIGNS

5.1. ABUTMENT AND PILE SUPPORTING SYSTEM
Type1_Free_Length= 5 m
5.1.1. LOADS ACTING ON ABUTMENT AND PILE SYSTEM
5.1.1.1. LOADS FROM SUPERSTRUCTURE
Only cap beam weight is acting on abutment and pile supporting system as a superstructure loads.
5.1.1.2. LATERAL BACKFILL PRESSURE

Normal Condition :
qsurdedad =
qsurlive =
0
1.5
psurdead = 0 t/m
t/m
t/m
(Dead Load Surcharge)

(Lve Load Surcharge)
psurlive = 0.5415 t/m
Ko = 1-sin(28) = 0.531
Ka=
0.361
pactive= 5 x 1.9 x 0.361 = 3.43 t/m
5.1.1.3. ADDITIONAL SEISMIC PRESSURES

Foundation and Wall Weights
P = kh x W zati = 0.1 x Wzati
(Dead load's added to program by mltiplying with 0.1 )
30
31
DEAD LOAD ACTING ON A PILE
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type1 - Joint Loads (DEAD-ustyapi) (As Defined) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:25:58
32
ACTIVE LOADING
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type1 - Frame Span Loads (AKTIF) (As Defined) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:26:17
33
SURCHARGE LOADING
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type1 - Frame Span Loads (surcharge) (As Defined) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:26:28
34
EARTHQUAKE FORCE-LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type1 - Frame Gravity Multipliers (DEPREM_X) (Global CSys) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:26:40
OVERTURNING CONTROL OF PILE SUPPORTING SYSTEM (FOR H= 5.0 m)
Ka = 0.361
g = 1.90 t/m3
=28 o
H=5.0 m
Do
Ka = 0.361
g = 1.90 t/m3
35
Kp = 2.77
g = 1.9 t/m3
p1 = q sur K a + H K a 2 c K a
z1 = H
p1
p1 + 2 c K a
P1 = q sur K
R1 = D 0 +
H +
1
K
2
z1 2 c
2
z1
.. moment arm for P1
3
p 2 = q sur K a + H K a 2 c K a
P2 = q sur K a + H K a 2 c K a D 0
R2 =
D0
2
p 3 = q sur K a + ( H + D 0 ) K a 2 c K a
P3 = q sur K a + ( H + D 0 ) K a 2 c K a
R3 =
D0
3
pP = H K a + 2 c K P
Pp = q a K P + 2 c K P
Rp =
D0
2
D0
.. moment arm for Pp
3
36
D0
2
z1
2
LOAD
CALCULATED LOAD
VALUES (ton)
P1
P1 x s /1.00 =
R1
P2
P2
R2
P3
P3
R3
P4
P4
R4
s = pile spacing =1.2 m
Safety Factor ; G.S. = 1.5
M=0
2.0 x M OVERTURN M RESISTANT = 0
2 ( P1 x R1 + P2 x R2 + P3 x R3 ) P4 x R4 = 0
37
MOMENT ARM ( m )

Sin
Ka
Kp
28
0.4695
0.3610
2.7698
z earth fill
z pile
c
surcharge
pile diameter
pile spacing
1.90
5.00
5.00
0.00
1.50
100.00
120.00
t/m
m
m
t/m
t/m
cm
cm
lower zone
upper zone
PILE DESIGN AND OVERTURNING CONTROL
Sin
Ka
Kp
35
0.5736
0.2710
3.6902
2
z earth fill
z pile
c
LOADS
Pa0
0.00 t/m
M0
0.00
Pa1
3.9714 t/m
M1
93.33
M2
M3
M4
75.51
13.85
-274.02
Pa2
Pa3
Pp
Do
Moment
GS
3.9714
6.1560
43.2360
6.1666
0.0000
t/m
t/m
t/m
m
z1
z2
ORAN
1.5
5.0000
z NOT CALCULATE
1.2000
Pile length
38
11.17
3
1.90 t/m
0.00 t/m
DEFLECTION CHECK
Maximum deflection is 2.44 cm
39
40
AXIAL FORCE DIAGRAM ( RESULTS OF SAP2000 SUPPORTING PILE MODEL )
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type1 - Axial Force Diagram (11) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:43:35
41
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM ( RESULTS OF SAP2000 SUPPORTING PILE MODEL )
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type1 - Shear Force 2-2 Diagram (11) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:43:49
43
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM - EARTHQUAKE LOADING ( RESULTS OF SAP2000 SUPPORTING PILE MODEL )
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type1 - Shear Force 2-2 Diagram (18_X) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:44:52
42
MOMENT DIAGRAM ( RESULTS OF SAP2000 SUPPORTING PILE MODEL )
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type1 - Moment 3-3 Diagram (11) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:43:59
44
MOMENT DIAGRAM - EARTHQUAKE LOADING ( RESULTS OF SAP2000 SUPPORTING PILE MODEL )
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type1 - Moment 3-3 Diagram (18_X) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:45:01
P ( kN)
20000 (Pmax)
y
x
1000 mm diam.
Code: ACI 318-05
Units: Metric
Run axis: Biaxial
Run option: Investigation
Slenderness: Not considered
Column type: Structural
Bars: ASTM A615
2
0
Date: 11/02/13
2500
M (0) ( kNm)
Time: 14:07:40
-4000
(Pmin)
spColumn v4.20. Licensed to: . License ID:

File: d:\kamil d\####proje_2013\proje_irak_baharke_kavsak\uygulama\hesap\pca\d100_type1.col
Project:
Column:
Engineer:
f'c = 25 MPa
fy = 420 MPa
Ag = 785398 mm^2
15 bars
Ec = 23500 MPa
Es = 199955 MPa
As = 7963 mm^2
rho = 1.01%
fc = 21.25 MPa
Xo = 0 mm
Ix = 4.91e+010 mm^4
e_u = 0.003 mm/mm
Yo = 0 mm
Iy = 4.91e+010 mm^4
Beta1 = 0.85
Min clear spacing = 149 mm Clear cover = 66 mm
Confinement: Other
phi(a) = 1, phi(b) = 1, phi(c) = 1
STRUCTUREPOINT - spColumn v4.20 (TM)

Licensed to: . License ID:
d:\kamil d\####proje_2013\proje_irak_baharke_kavsak\uygulama\...\d100_type1.col
Page
2
11/02/13
02:03 PM
General Information:
====================
File Name: d:\kamil d\####proje_2013\proje_irak_baharke_kavsak\uygul...\d100_type1.col
Project:
Column:
Engineer:
Code:
ACI 318-05
Units: Metric
Run Option: Investigation
Run Axis:
Biaxial

Column Type: Structural
Material Properties:
====================
f'c
= 25 MPa
Ec
= 23500 MPa
Ultimate strain = 0.003 mm/mm
Beta1 = 0.85
Section:
========
Circular:
fy
Es
= 420 MPa
= 199955 MPa
Diameter = 1000 mm
Gross section area, Ag =

Ix = 4.90874e+010 mm^4
Xo = 0 mm
785398 mm^2
Reinforcement:
==============
Bar Set: ASTM A615
Size Diam (mm) Area (mm^2)
---- --------- ----------# 3
10
71
# 6
19
284
# 9
29
645
# 14
43
1452
Iy =
Yo =
4.90874e+010 mm^4
0 mm

---- --------- ----------# 4
13
129
# 7
22
387
# 10
32
819
# 18
57
2581
Confinement: Other; #3 ties with #10 bars,

phi(a) = 1, phi(b) = 1, phi(c) = 1

---- --------- ----------# 5
16
200
# 8
25
510
# 11
36
1006
#4 with larger bars.
Pattern: Irregular
Total steel area, As = 7963 mm^2 at 1.01%
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
0
421
531
400
130
531
247
-341
531
-247
-341
531
-400
130
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
171
385
531
419
-44
531
88
-412
531
-365
-211
531
-313
282
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
313
282
531
365
-211
531
-88
-412
531
-419
-44
531
-171
385
Factored Loads and Moments with Corresponding Capacities:

=========================================================
Pu
Mux
Muy
fMnx
fMny
fMn/Mu
Phi
No.
kN
kNm
kNm
kNm
kNm
--- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -------- -----1
167.00
528.00
0.00
1336.53
0.00
2.531 1.000
2
128.00
264.00
0.00
1324.46
0.00
5.017 1.000
*** End of output ***
Transverse Reinforcement :
Material : Concrete: C 25
Steel :
S 420
Vr=
8.17 ton
Vn=Vr/
=
9.62 ton
Pile Dia. bw =
Pile Core Dia. d =
rb=
zbar=
d=
100 cm
V C = 0 . 17
fc =
fyh=
Cover=
=
250 kg/cm2
4200 kg/cm2
Longitudinal R.C d=
Spiral d=
7.5 cm
0.85
Ag=
85 cm
7854.0 cm2
Ac= 5674.502 cm2
40 cm
25.46 cm
75.46 cm
fc b w d =
641410 N
64.14
ton
Since Vc>Vn Min. reinforcement is enough.

Vs=Vn-Vc=
-54.52 ton
s=
5 cm
2
-0.860 cm
2As=Av=Vs*s/(d*fyh)=
Minimum Requirements :
qs=0.45(Ag/Ac-1)(fc/fyh)=
0.010287939
A.A.S.H.T.O Seismic Design 7.6.2(D)......7.4
qs=0.12(fc/fyh)= 0.007142857
qs= 0.010287939
s= 5 cm
min.As=qs*d*s/4=
Chosen Spiral Reinforcement :
Provided Spiral Area =
2
1.093 cm
>
-0.860 cm2
12 /5 cm
at plastic region
12 / 15 cm
at other region
1.131
>
1.093
46
cm2
use min. Reinforcement.
26 mm
12 mm

Type2_Free_Length= 6 m

Normal Condition :
qsurdedad =
qsurlive =
0
1.5
psurdead = 0 t/m
t/m
t/m

Ko = 1-sin(35) = 0.426
Ka=
0.361
pactive= 6 x 1.9 x 0.361 = 4.12 t/m

47
48
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:51:35
49
ACTIVE LOADING
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:53:56
50
SURCHARGE LOADING
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:54:09
51
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:54:20
Ka = 0.361
g = 1.90 t/m3
=28 o
H=6.0 m
Do
Ka = 0.361
g = 1.90 t/m3
52
Kp = 2.77
g = 1.9 t/m3
z1 = H
p1
p1 + 2 c K a
P1 = q sur K
R1 = D 0 +
H +
1
K
2
z1 2 c
2
z1
3
R2 =
D0
2
p 3 = q sur K a + ( H + D 0 ) K a 2 c K a
P3 = q sur K a + ( H + D 0 ) K a 2 c K a
R3 =
D0
3
Rp =
D0
2
D0
3
53
D0
2
z1
2
LOAD
CALCULATED LOAD
VALUES (ton)
P1
P1 x s /1.00 =
R1
P2
P2
R2
P3
P3
R3
P4
P4
R4
M=0
2 ( P1 x R1 + P2 x R2 + P3 x R3 ) P4 x R4 = 0
54
MOMENT ARM ( m )

Sin
Ka
Kp
28
0.4695
0.3610
2.7698
z earth fill
z pile
c
surcharge
pile diameter
pile spacing
1.90
6.00
6.00
0.00
1.50
100.00
120.00
t/m
m
m
t/m
t/m
cm
cm
lower zone
upper zone
Sin
Ka
Kp
35
0.5736
0.2710
3.6902
2
z earth fill
z pile
c
LOADS
Pa0
0.00 t/m
M0
0.00
Pa1
4.6573 t/m
M1
155.94
M2
M3
M4
124.11
23.07
-454.68
Pa2
Pa3
Pp
Do
Moment
GS
4.6573
7.2546
51.1860
7.3005
-0.0001
t/m
t/m
t/m
m
z1
z2
ORAN
1.5
6.0000
z NOT CALCULATE
1.2000
Pile length
55
13.30
1.90 t/m
0.00 t/m
DEFLECTION CHECK
56
57
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:56:12
58
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:56:29
59
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:56:44
60
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:57:07
61
SAP2000
10.21.13 16:57:18
P ( kN)
20000 (Pmax)
y
x
1000 mm diam.
Code: ACI 318-05
Units: Metric
Run axis: Biaxial
Bars: ASTM A615
Date: 11/02/13
2500
M (0) ( kNm)
Time: 14:08:04
-4000
(Pmin)

Project:
Column:
Engineer:
f'c = 25 MPa
fy = 420 MPa
Ag = 785398 mm^2
15 bars
Ec = 23500 MPa
Es = 199955 MPa
As = 7963 mm^2
rho = 1.01%
fc = 21.25 MPa
Xo = 0 mm
Ix = 4.91e+010 mm^4
e_u = 0.003 mm/mm
Yo = 0 mm
Iy = 4.91e+010 mm^4
Beta1 = 0.85
Confinement: Other
phi(a) = 1, phi(b) = 1, phi(c) = 1

Page
2
11/02/13
02:05 PM
====================
Project:
Column:
Engineer:
Code:
ACI 318-05
Units: Metric
Run Axis:
Biaxial

====================
f'c
= 25 MPa
Ec
= 23500 MPa
Beta1 = 0.85
Section:
========
Circular:
fy
Es
= 420 MPa
= 199955 MPa
Diameter = 1000 mm

Ix = 4.90874e+010 mm^4
Xo = 0 mm
785398 mm^2
Reinforcement:
==============
Bar Set: ASTM A615
---- --------- ----------# 3
10
71
# 6
19
284
# 9
29
645
# 14
43
1452
Iy =
Yo =
4.90874e+010 mm^4
0 mm

---- --------- ----------# 4
13
129
# 7
22
387
# 10
32
819
# 18
57
2581

phi(a) = 1, phi(b) = 1, phi(c) = 1

---- --------- ----------# 5
16
200
# 8
25
510
# 11
36
1006
Pattern: Irregular
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
0
421
531
400
130
531
247
-341
531
-247
-341
531
-400
130
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
171
385
531
419
-44
531
88
-412
531
-365
-211
531
-313
282
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
313
282
531
365
-211
531
-88
-412
531
-419
-44
531
-171
385

=========================================================
Pu
Mux
Muy
fMnx
fMny
fMn/Mu
Phi
No.
kN
kNm
kNm
kNm
kNm
--- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -------- -----1
195.00
838.00
0.00
1345.17
0.00
1.605 1.000
2
150.00
433.00
0.00
1331.27
0.00
3.075 1.000
Steel :
S 420
Vr=
11.39 ton
Vn=Vr/
=
13.40 ton
Pile Dia. bw =
Pile Core Dia. d =
rb=
zbar=
d=
100 cm
V C = 0 . 17
fc =
fyh=
Cover=
=
250 kg/cm2
4200 kg/cm2
Longitudinal R.C d=
Spiral d=
7.5 cm
0.85
Ag=
85 cm
7854.0 cm2
Ac= 5674.502 cm2
40 cm
25.46 cm
75.46 cm
fc b w d =
641410 N
64.14
ton

Vs=Vn-Vc=
-50.74 ton
s=
5 cm
2
-0.801 cm
0.010287939
qs=0.12(fc/fyh)= 0.007142857
qs= 0.010287939
s= 5 cm
min.As=qs*d*s/4=
2
1.093 cm
>
-0.801 cm2
12 /5 cm
at plastic region
12 / 15 cm
at other region
1.131
>
1.093
63
cm2
26 mm
12 mm

Type3_Free_Length= 7.1 m

Normal Condition :
qsurdedad =
qsurlive =
0
1.5
psurdead = 0 t/m
t/m
t/m

Ko = 1-sin(28) = 0.531
Ka=
0.361
pactive= 7.1 x 1.9 x 0.361 = 4.87 t/m

64
65
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:02:48
66
ACTIVE LOADING
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:03:18
67
SURCHARGE LOADING
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type3 - Frame Span Loads (surcharge) (Global CSys) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:03:42
68
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:03:49
Ka = 0.361
g = 1.90 t/m3
=28 o
H=7.1 m
Do
Ka = 0.361
g = 1.90 t/m3
69
Kp = 2.77
g = 1.9 t/m3
z1 = H
p1
p1 + 2 c K a
P1 = q sur K
R1 = D 0 +
H +
1
K
2
z1 2 c
2
z1
3
R2 =
D0
2
p 3 = q sur K a + ( H + D 0 ) K a 2 c K a
P3 = q sur K a + ( H + D 0 ) K a 2 c K a
R3 =
D0
3
Rp =
D0
2
D0
3
70
D0
2
z1
2
LOAD
CALCULATED LOAD
VALUES (ton)
P1
P1 x s /1.00 =
R1
P2
P2
R2
P3
P3
R3
P4
P4
R4
M=0
2 ( P1 x R1 + P2 x R2 + P3 x R3 ) P4 x R4 = 0
71
MOMENT ARM ( m )

Sin
Ka
Kp
28
0.4695
0.3610
2.7698
z earth fill
z pile
c
surcharge
pile diameter
pile spacing
1.90
7.10
7.10
0.00
1.50
100.00
120.00
t/m
m
m
t/m
t/m
cm
cm
lower zone
upper zone
Sin
Ka
Kp
35
0.5736
0.2710
3.6902
2
z earth fill
z pile
c
LOADS
Pa0
0.00 t/m
M0
0.00
Pa1
5.4119 t/m
M1
251.62
M2
M3
M4
197.69
37.15
-729.68
Pa2
Pa3
Pp
Do
Moment
GS
5.4119
8.4630
59.9277
8.5473
-0.0002
t/m
t/m
t/m
m
z1
z2
ORAN
1.5
7.1000
z NOT CALCULATE
1.2000
Pile length
72
15.65
1.90 t/m
0.00 t/m
DEFLECTION CHECK
73
74
AXIAL FORCE DIAGRAM- ( RESULTS OF SAP2000 SUPPORTING PILE MODEL )
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:05:13
75
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM- ( RESULTS OF SAP2000 SUPPORTING PILE MODEL )
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:05:21
76
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:05:27
77
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:05:36
78
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:05:43
P ( kN)
20000 (Pmax)
y
x
1000 mm diam.
Code: ACI 318-05
Units: Metric
Run axis: Biaxial
Bars: ASTM A615
Date: 11/02/13
2500
M (0) ( kNm)
Time: 14:06:29
-4000
(Pmin)

Project:
Column:
Engineer:
f'c = 25 MPa
fy = 420 MPa
Ag = 785398 mm^2
15 bars
Ec = 23500 MPa
Es = 199955 MPa
As = 7963 mm^2
rho = 1.01%
fc = 21.25 MPa
Xo = 0 mm
Ix = 4.91e+010 mm^4
e_u = 0.003 mm/mm
Yo = 0 mm
Iy = 4.91e+010 mm^4
Beta1 = 0.85
Confinement: Other
phi(a) = 1, phi(b) = 1, phi(c) = 1

Page
2
11/02/13
02:05 PM
====================
Project:
Column:
Engineer:
Code:
ACI 318-05
Units: Metric
Run Axis:
Biaxial

====================
f'c
= 25 MPa
Ec
= 23500 MPa
Beta1 = 0.85
Section:
========
Circular:
fy
Es
= 420 MPa
= 199955 MPa
Diameter = 1000 mm

Ix = 4.90874e+010 mm^4
Xo = 0 mm
785398 mm^2
Reinforcement:
==============
Bar Set: ASTM A615
---- --------- ----------# 3
10
71
# 6
19
284
# 9
29
645
# 14
43
1452
Iy =
Yo =
4.90874e+010 mm^4
0 mm

---- --------- ----------# 4
13
129
# 7
22
387
# 10
32
819
# 18
57
2581

phi(a) = 1, phi(b) = 1, phi(c) = 1

---- --------- ----------# 5
16
200
# 8
25
510
# 11
36
1006
Pattern: Irregular
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
0
421
531
400
130
531
247
-341
531
-247
-341
531
-400
130
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
171
385
531
419
-44
531
88
-412
531
-365
-211
531
-313
282
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
313
282
531
365
-211
531
-88
-412
531
-419
-44
531
-171
385

=========================================================
Pu
Mux
Muy
fMnx
fMny
fMn/Mu
Phi
No.
kN
kNm
kNm
kNm
kNm
--- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -------- -----1
231.00
1300.00
0.00
1356.26
0.00
1.043 1.000
2
200.00
695.00
0.00
1346.71
0.00
1.938 1.000
Steel :
S 420
Vr=
14.21 ton
Vn=Vr/
=
16.71 ton
Pile Dia. bw =
Pile Core Dia. d =
rb=
zbar=
d=
100 cm
V C = 0 . 17
fc =
fyh=
Cover=
=
250 kg/cm2
4200 kg/cm2
Longitudinal R.C d=
Spiral d=
7.5 cm
0.85
Ag=
85 cm
7854.0 cm2
Ac= 5674.502 cm2
40 cm
25.46 cm
75.46 cm
fc b w d =
641410 N
64.14
ton

Vs=Vn-Vc=
-47.43 ton
s=
5 cm
2
-0.748 cm
0.010287939
qs=0.12(fc/fyh)= 0.007142857
qs= 0.010287939
s= 5 cm
min.As=qs*d*s/4=
2
1.093 cm
>
-0.748 cm2
12 /5 cm
at plastic region
12 / 15 cm
at other region
1.131
>
1.093
80
cm2
26 mm
12 mm

Type4_Free_Length= 7.25 m
SELF WEIGHT:
Total Dead Load : 1214.2789 ton / 44 beam
Dead load acting on a pile =
27.59725 ton/beam
25.30 ton/pile
LIVE LOAD:
Truck Load : 47.433 x 2 x 0.9 x 1 + 0 ton ---> 85.3794 / 8
VLL = 10.7 ton /pile
Live load acting on a pile =
10.70 ton/pile
EARTHQUAKE LOAD:
Total Lateral Force : 0.1 x 25.3 = 2.53 ton /pile
HEQ = 2.53 ton / pile
81
(for 9 m platform)

Normal Condition :
qsurdedad =
qsurlive =
0
1.5
psurdead = 0 t/m
t/m
t/m

Ko = 1-sin(28) = 0.531
Ka=
0.361
pactive= 7.25 x 1.9 x 0.361 = 4.97 t/m

82
83
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:08:49
84
LIVE LOAD ACTING ON A PILE
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type4 - Joint Loads (live-ustyapi) (As Defined) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:09:01
85
EARTHQUAKE FORCE
SAP2000 v14.2.2 - File:pile_type4 - Joint Loads (DEPREM_ustyapi-x) (As Defined) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:09:10
86
ACTIVE LOADING
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:09:19
87
SURCHARGE LOADING
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:09:39
88
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:09:48
OVERTURNING CONTROL OF PILE SUPPORTING SYSTEM
(FOR H= 7.25m)
Ka = 0.361
g = 1.90 t/m3
=28 o
H=7.25 m
Do
Ka = 0.361
g = 1.90 t/m3
89
Kp = 2.77
g = 1.9 t/m3
z1 = H
p1
p1 + 2 c K a
P1 = q sur K
R1 = D 0 +
H +
1
K
2
z1 2 c
2
z1
3
R2 =
D0
2
p 3 = q sur K a + ( H + D 0 ) K a 2 c K a
P3 = q sur K a + ( H + D 0 ) K a 2 c K a
R3 =
D0
3
Rp =
D0
2
D0
3
90
D0
2
z1
2
LOAD
CALCULATED LOAD
VALUES (ton)
P1
P1 x s /1.00 =
R1
P2
P2
R2
P3
P3
R3
P4
P4
R4
M=0
2 ( P1 x R1 + P2 x R2 + P3 x R3 ) P4 x R4 = 0
91
MOMENT ARM ( m )

Sin
Ka
Kp
28
0.4695
0.3610
2.7698
z earth fill
z pile
c
surcharge
pile diameter
pile spacing
1.90
7.25
7.25
0.00
1.50
100.00
120.00
t/m
m
m
t/m
t/m
cm
cm
lower zone
upper zone
Sin
Ka
Kp
35
0.5736
0.2710
3.6902
2
z earth fill
z pile
c
LOADS
Pa0
0.00 t/m
M0
0.00
Pa1
5.5148 t/m
M1
308.61
M2
M3
M4
300.99
72.84
-1332.66
Pa2
Pa3
Pp
Do
Moment
GS
5.5148
9.5187
73.2528
10.4478
-309.0068
t/m
t/m
t/m
m
z1
z2
ORAN
1.5
7.2500
z NOT CALCULATE
1.2000
Pile length
92
17.70
1.90 t/m
0.00 t/m
DEFLECTION CHECK
93
94
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:11:31
95
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:11:41
96
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:11:49
97
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:11:58
98
MOMENT DIAGRAM-EARTHQUAKE LOADING ( RESULTS OF SAP2000 SUPPORTING PILE MODEL )
SAP2000
10.21.13 17:12:06
P ( kN)
20000 (Pmax)
y
x
1000 mm diam.
Code: ACI 318-05
Units: Metric
Run axis: Biaxial
Bars: ASTM A615
Date: 11/02/13
2500
M (0) ( kNm)
Time: 14:07:08
-4000
(Pmin)

Project:
Column:
Engineer:
f'c = 25 MPa
fy = 420 MPa
Ag = 785398 mm^2
15 bars
Ec = 23500 MPa
Es = 199955 MPa
As = 7963 mm^2
rho = 1.01%
fc = 21.25 MPa
Xo = 0 mm
Ix = 4.91e+010 mm^4
e_u = 0.003 mm/mm
Yo = 0 mm
Iy = 4.91e+010 mm^4
Beta1 = 0.85
Confinement: Other
phi(a) = 1, phi(b) = 1, phi(c) = 1

Page
2
11/02/13
02:06 PM
====================
Project:
Column:
Engineer:
Code:
ACI 318-05
Units: Metric
Run Axis:
Biaxial

====================
f'c
= 25 MPa
Ec
= 23500 MPa
Beta1 = 0.85
Section:
========
Circular:
fy
Es
= 420 MPa
= 199955 MPa
Diameter = 1000 mm

Ix = 4.90874e+010 mm^4
Xo = 0 mm
785398 mm^2
Reinforcement:
==============
Bar Set: ASTM A615
---- --------- ----------# 3
10
71
# 6
19
284
# 9
29
645
# 14
43
1452
Iy =
Yo =
4.90874e+010 mm^4
0 mm

---- --------- ----------# 4
13
129
# 7
22
387
# 10
32
819
# 18
57
2581

phi(a) = 1, phi(b) = 1, phi(c) = 1

---- --------- ----------# 5
16
200
# 8
25
510
# 11
36
1006
Pattern: Irregular
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
0
421
531
400
130
531
247
-341
531
-247
-341
531
-400
130
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
171
385
531
419
-44
531
88
-412
531
-365
-211
531
-313
282
Area mm^2
X (mm)
Y (mm)
--------- -------- -------531
313
282
531
365
-211
531
-88
-412
531
-419
-44
531
-171
385

=========================================================
Pu
Mux
Muy
fMnx
fMny
fMn/Mu
Phi
No.
kN
kNm
kNm
kNm
kNm
--- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -------- -----1
262.00
1340.00
0.00
1365.79
0.00
1.019 1.000
2
200.00
734.00
0.00
1346.71
0.00
1.835 1.000
Steel :
S 420
Vr=
14.54 ton
Vn=Vr/
=
17.11 ton
Pile Dia. bw =
Pile Core Dia. d =
rb=
zbar=
d=
100 cm
V C = 0 . 17
fc =
fyh=
Cover=
=
250 kg/cm2
4200 kg/cm2
Longitudinal R.C d=
Spiral d=
7.5 cm
0.85
Ag=
85 cm
7854.0 cm2
Ac= 5674.502 cm2
40 cm
25.46 cm
75.46 cm
fc b w d =
641410 N
64.14
ton

Vs=Vn-Vc=
-47.03 ton
s=
5 cm
2
-0.742 cm
0.010287939
qs=0.12(fc/fyh)= 0.007142857
qs= 0.010287939
s= 5 cm
min.As=qs*d*s/4=
2
1.093 cm
>
-0.742 cm2
12 /5 cm
at plastic region
12 / 15 cm
at other region
1.131
>
1.093
100
cm2
26 mm
12 mm

Baharke Underpass Report Edt r4

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BH-SR-R0-001

2 PRESTRESSED BEAM SECTION DESIGN

2.1. PRESTRESSED BEAM SECTION PROPERTIES ............................... 3

2.3.2. LOSS OF PRESTRESS (AASHTO 9.16.2) ............................................8

2.3.5. MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT CHECK (A.A.S.H.T.O. 9.18.1) ...............11

3 ELASTOMERIC BEARING CALCULATIONS

3.1. COMPRESSION STRESSES ................................................................21

3.5. ROTATION AND COMPRESSION ........................................................26

3.7. THICKNESS FOR STEEL PLATE .........................................................26

4.1.2.1. STANDARD TRUCK H30 - S24 .............................................................28

5 STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS AND SECTION DESIGNS

St III a (Pile Spiral Reinforcement)

2.PRESTRESSED PRECAST BEAM SECTION DESIGN (L=23.3 m)

= 0.5335x 2.5 = 1.33375 t/m

2.2. DETERMINATION OF THE PRESTRESSING FORCES THAT WILL BE APPLIED

Cast in place slab (fc) (t/cm)

Allowable stress (compression)

: 0.75x0.4 =0.3 t/cm

Allowable stress (tension) (without

: 0.60x0.3 =0.18 t/cm

Allowable stress (compression) ( 0.40 fc)

Allowable stress (tension) (without reinforcement)

At cast in place slab at the service state:

Allowable stress (compression) ( 0.40 fc)

Allowable stress (tension) (without reinforcement)

2.2.2. SECTION PROPERTIES

Moment of Inertia (x-x):

Ixx: 10150795 cm4

Moment of Inertia (y-y):

Iyy: 3006600 cm4

Moment of Resistance (top):

Moment of Resistance (bottom):

PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE SECTION

Moment of Inertia (x-x):

Ixx: 18111806 cm4

Moment of Inertia (y-y):

Iyy: 1830000 cm4

Moment of Resistance (top):

Moment of Resistance (bottom):

Moment of Resistance (bottom):

PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE COMPESITE SECTION

SPAN LENGTH = 23.3 m.

LOAD RESULTANTS FOR PRESTRESSED BEAM

2.3. DETERMINATION OF NUMBER OF STRAND

Stress (At Bottom Fiber)

1. Beam Dead Load

Allowable tensile stress =

Center of gravity of strands are 8.63 cm. from bottom of beam;

fs' = Min rupture stress = 270000 lib/in = 18.6 t/cm

strands are selected...

2.3.2. LOSS OF PRESTRESS (AASHTO 9.16.2)

fcir: Stress on concrete at the center of gravity of strands.

fcir = 9.44 MPa

Loss Percenatge = 62.17 / ( . fs) = 4.457 %

Loss Percenatge = 55.17 / ( . fs) = 3.955 %

CRc = 12 fcir 7 fcds

CRc=12 x 9.441 - 7 x 3.724 = 87.22 MPa

CRs = 34 0.10ES 0.05(SH + CRc )

34 - 0.10 x 62.17 - 0.05 x (55.17+ 87.22)

Choosen Loss percentage is valid.

2.3.3. FLEXURAL STRENGTH

Mu = 1.3 (DL +1.67 LL)

(After Casting slab)

M n = A s* .fsu* .d.1 0.60