CRITICISM OF

TRANSMITTERS
()

COMPONENTS
KNOWLEDGE OF TRANSMITTERS

History/Biography

Jar & Ta'dl

birth, origin,
travel etc

reliability

ABAQT
COMPANION
SUCCESSOR sr.

SUCCESSOR mid.

SUCESSOR ~mid.

SUCCESSOR jr.

FOLLOWER sr.

FOLLOWER mid.

SUCCESSOR jr
Did not meet companion

FOLLOWER jr.

STUDENT OF
FOLLOWER sr.
STUDENT OF
FOLLOWER mid.
STUDENT OF
FOLLOWER jr.

COMPANION ()

A person who met the Prophet as a Muslim

and died as a Muslim though he might have

apostatised before his death, according to the
most correct opinion

 A Muslim who was in company of the Prophet or saw

him (al-Bukhr)
Anyone who ever sat together with the Prophet for
even an hour, heard from him even one word or more, or
witnessed what happened to him. They were not amongst
the hypocrites and were famous until the time of their
death (Ibn azm)
anyone who saw the Messenger , who reached the age
of maturity, embraced Islam, and was aware about
religious matter and pleased with it, also those who were
in the company of the Prophet even though only for an
hour.
a person who settled with the Prophet for one or two
years and was involved in one or two battles with him
(Sayyid ibn al-Musayyib)

IBN AJRS DEFINITION

everyone who met the Prophet believed in
him, and died in the state of Islam, including
anyone who ever sat with him for a long or
short period of time, regardless of reporting
from him or not, involved with him in battles
or not, and also someone who saw him but did
not have the chance to sit together and the one
who never saw him due to some circumstances
such as blindness

HOW A COMPANION IS IDENTIFIED?

1. Recurrence (khabr al-mutawtir): The khulaf' alRshidn and those promised Paradise
2. Famous (khabr al-mashhr) such as 'Ukshah ibn
Muslim
3. Testimony of another companion
4. Testimony of a reliable successor
5. Self-proclamation provided he/she was just and
reliable and could bring forth evidence/witness to
support his/her claim

STATISTICS
Estimated to be around 100,000 companions
The last to pass away - Ab al-ufayl al-Layth
(100h).
The 1st male to embrace Islam - Ab Bakr, the 1st
female Khadjah, the 1st child - 'Al, the 1st slave
Bill
Narrated many adth Ab Hurayrah, Ibn 'Umar,
Anas ibn Mlik, ''ishah, Ibn 'Abbs & Jbir ibn
'Abdillh
Known as jurists who delivered fatw Ibn 'Abbs,
'Umar ibn al-Khab, 'Al ibn Ab lib, Ubay ibn
Ka'b, Zayd ibn Thbit, Ab Dard' & Ibn Mas'd

JUST & RELIABLE

Scholars unanimously held the opinion that the
companions were just, reliable, honest, obeyed
religious commands & abstained from prohibitions,
and they did not intentionally lie about the Prophet
Does not necessitate that they were infallible and
protected from disobedience, forgetfulness or
committing mistakes
Fell into fitnah due to their ijtihd
To be respected & honoured

QUR'NIC TESTIMONIAL

And the first forerunner (in the faith) among the Muhjirn and the
Anr and those who followed them with good conduct Allh is
pleased with them and they are pleased with Him, and He has
prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they
will abide forever. That is the great attainment.

Certainly was Allh pleased with the believers when they pledged
allegiance to you (O Muammad), under the tree

COMPILATIONS
Well known compilations on the Companions :

Al-Ist'b f Ma'rifat al-abah by Ibn 'Abd alBarr

Usud al-Ghbah f Ma'rifat al-abah by Ibn alAthr
Al-Ibah f Tamyz al-abah by Ibn ajr

SUCCESSORS ()

A person who met a companion as a Muslim and

died as a Muslim
Various levels (abaqt)
The last successor to meet Ab al-ufayl al-Layth was
Khalaf ibn Khalfah
7 Jurists of Madnah Sa'd ibn al-Musayyib, al-Qsim
ibn Muammad, 'Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, Kharjah ibn
Zayd, Ab Salamah ibn 'Abd al-Ramn, 'Ubaydillh ibn
'Abdillah & Sulaymn ibn Yasr

COMPILATIONS
Well known compilations on the successors:

Kitb Ma'rifat al-Tbi'n by Ab Murif al-Qurtub

al-Andalus
Jannah al-Nairn f Ma'rifat al-Tbi'n by Muib
al-Dn Muammad al-Baghdd
Talq Fahm al-Athar by Ibn al-Jawz
Al-Tabyn 'an Manqib man 'arafa bi Qurtubah min
al-Tbi'n by Qsim ibn Muammad al-Qurtub

AL-MUKHARAMN

One whose life span bridges the time of paganism and
that of the Prophet but had not seen him
Considered to be amongst the successors
According to Imm Muslim, they were 20 of them, but in
actual fact they were more
Bashr ibn 'Amr ibn Jbir (d.85h), al-Aswad ibn Yazd alNakha' (d.74h)
Tadhkirah al-lib al-Mu'allam bi man yuql innahu
mukharam by Burhn al-Dn Ibrhm ibn Muammad (>150)