Me design capacity tables for structural steel Volume 1: Open Sections Ries Mee tl) WEED Cu coer Toure] ateMarger tor de design capacity tables for structural steel Volume 1: Open Sections third edition WB, WC - Grade 300/400 (to AS/NZS 3679.2) UB, UC - Grade 300 (to AS/NZS 3679.1) ‘TFB, PFC - Grade 300 (to AS/NZS 3679.1) BT, CT - Grade 300 (to AS/NZS 3679.1#) EA, UA - Grade 300 (to AS/NZS 3679.1) # Indicates the material Standard for the source product AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION.‘AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION AGN. 000973 680 DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL Notume 1 Ope Secon Puts [AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION Equi sou tote th pub Sucraas ee av! 19, 99a Set, Net Sy, NEW, 2080 Au otal ane BO Bax 690, Norn Sym NOM, 280 hal al alae emareaoucomas © Copyra 1850 Austr nse o Stes Conacton ‘igus agra. Th bek fay thro mt rt be repos nan om wat he ‘tan ri thsi ns Stal Canes, Fett 191 a a stg Canty Tables Scat (ster) ‘chen aC Shc Sat pe ore et) atonal itary ot Austra Cattogung-nPlileaton ety: ISON on09935-06-3 ‘Das capac te for stuctal see, une, “opens Boar. ISen Saeeses901) 'SEN Oooo os) stravsostoasasz tends Soecetin Atala 3. Se, Prauclon & won ema Py Lis ‘a Soe Noh Narabeon NSW 70%, sala DIscLANER oy oft has beer ad and ol ostnate catalan fo rer ne soouaey te matt {Sera ior to tm si part yw eR, nao (9 wi ot be nl tet epee any way and 1) eee eam ay cy or reponse, Sous sersemnerrer meena a aen arcmin wren warn Ts Pbleatn shoul not bo ied witout to seve ta cones presales wn ‘et owas ne ne han der rs orsnenancos net fe ln ad ‘onto repce ry athe anoggean erp of sch panon @ ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL erwiis-te08| ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.| design capacity tables for structural steel Volume 1: Open Sections third edition TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword wo ‘Acknowledgements () Preface ° Notation “ ‘Quick Reference Directory ie arecony shoul be wed to uck oes open section Har ro use the crecton, place rent human te stor sage te 209 bese the mmasirg cage geo PART TWELVE, ale 12-1 PART THIRTEEN, (rane Runway Beams fd Monoral Beams 13-1 PART ONE Iroduction 1-1 PART THREE Section Properties 3-1 | PART FOUR Metrods of Sactural Analysis 4-1 PART FIVE Members Subject to Bending 5-1 PART SIX Members Subject to Atal Compression 6-1 PART SEVEN Members eubjact to Asi Tension 7-1 PART EIGHT Members subject to Combines Actons 8-1 PART NINE, ‘connections 9 PART TEN Detasing Parameters 10-1 PART ELEVEN Plates 1-1 ocrwvvee-080 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME #: OPEN SECTIONS.Foreword ‘The Austrafan Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) Is national non-profit organisation dedicated to nereasing knowledge and understanding of the uso of structural steel in our society ‘Through planned research and development programmes, Industy seminars and publishing technical work the Insitute provides leading edge technology and best practice engineering solutions contributing to the growth of structural steel in Australia. Steel construction industry Pertcipants who are responsible forthe design, fabrication and erection of steel structures are Featlly able to access the resources ofthe Institut, Acknowledgements In the development ofthis publication, AISC acknow/edyes with grateful thanks the contibution and assiatance ofthe following organisations and individual: ‘+ MrBruce Chapman (consutant) ‘+ Mr Gianluca Ranal (consultant) * Mr Arun Syam and Mr Karunesh Narayan of AISC: + BHP Sted, mn paticutar Mr Brian Kaly, for assistance and funcing: + OneSteet Limited, n particular Mr Anthony Na, for asistance and funding + Me Russell Watkins of Palmer Tube Mil (Aust) Py Lid for generating the graphs; ‘+ Me-Tim Wilkinson and Emeritus Professor Nick Trahair from The University of Sydney; ‘+ Mr Geoff Graham (BDS Stee! Detailers), Mr Ken Morgan (Bayside Drating), Mr Barry Evans. (Stee! Drating Ply Ltd) and Mr David Stansfield (Precision Drafting Australia) or thelr Views on stool detaing; * Ie Tony Edwards (Remark Ply Li) for produetion and artwork; and + all those who gave constructive comment and advice on the technical and editorial content of ‘the publication. ww ‘ISG: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘cri /e-1000 ‘VOLUME 1! OPEN SECTIONS.Preface “The third ection ofthe Design Capacity Tables for Structural Stel - Vol 1 (OCTV1) is a design aid to the limt states Standard AS 4100-1998: Stee! Structures ~ published by Standards Australia, The DOTV1 only considers standard open type hot-lled sections and slanderd open sections manufactured fom hot-rolied plat, ‘The general term “open” is used to diferentiate such sections from structural steel hollow sections. As noted in previous eaitions, the AISC Design Capacity Tables for Stuctural Stee! OCT) setles of publications have been spit into volumes ~ Le, Volume 1 considers open sections and Volume 2 considers holow sections. ‘The previous (second) edition ofthe DCTV1 considered « change inthe base grade of steel from Grade 250 to Grade 200 for most standart! open sactons. This let some sections (Taper Flange Beams, smaller Equal/Unequal Angles and Taper Flange Channels) listed 28 Grade 250 sections fas the source Australian mil were stil producing such graded sactions atthe time of publication In 1997, Addendum Number 1 tothe second adtion of DCTW1 was released ta refect the change In he remaining sections from Grade 250 to Grade 200. ‘This (hi) ection of DCT1 combines the previous Grade 300/260 esltion and tts Addendum. Consequenty, apart from the higher strength Grade 400 Welded Beams/Columns, al the currently specified hot-roled structural steel sections are now listed In one adtion as Grado, 200, ‘Astionaly, ths ection considers the changes incorporated Into the 1998 version of AS 4100, ‘general updating of information and algnment to a commen format whichis consistent with the Fecent release of Volume 2of the publication, For information on Grade 250/360 hot-olled sections and structural stee! holow sections, reference should be made tothe frst editon of the OCT or the recent release of DCT Voumne 2 respectively, ‘Arun Syam itor 1980 worn 9-1908 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ” ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.NOTATION PPPPEP effective area ofa erase section minor dareter area ofa bolt ‘10ss area of cross-section et area ofa cross section plain shank area of a bolt Tensile stress area ofa bolt ‘Australian Institute of Stel Construction bering wieths with ofa flange ‘ttf bearing length ‘reater and lesser leg lengths of an angle section ‘compact (section) facto for unequal moments depth ofa section depth of web clear depth between flanges ignoring filets or welds {ioe the clear distance from the neutyal axis tothe compression flange Young's modus of elasticity, 200x10" MPa eccentricity Fire Resistance Level tensile strength used in ign ‘minimum tensile strength of a belt tensile strength ofa ply Yield stress used in desion ‘average design shear stress in a web ‘maximum design shear stress in a web sheer modulus of easly, 60x10? MPa; or nominal deed load storey height ‘second moment of area of a cross-section 1 about the (nan-principalrectangula n-axs for angles) | about the (nor-principal rectangular) p-axis for angles) ‘warping constant fora erose-soction 1 about the cross-sectional major principal x-axis | about the rose-seetional minor principal y-axis torsion constant fora cross-section member effective length factor {orm facior for members subject to axial compression load height effective lana factor cffective length factor fer restraint against lateral rotation ‘exposed surface area to mass ratio, ‘corecton factor for distribution of forces in a tension member; or twist restant ‘effective lonath factor ‘span of member length; or sub-sogmentlongth (200 also note 2 at end of notation) effective length of a comprasion mamber ar laterally unrestrained member (ebe aso ote 2 at end of notation) nominal member moment capacity |Mg about major principal x-axis lesser of My and Mey ‘nominal in-plane member moment capacly Mj about major pricpal x-axis 'M, about major principal y-axis reference elastic buckling moment for @ member subject to bending: or nominal out- ‘F-plane member moment eapacty ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL. porns 199 “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.Mea ‘amended elatic bucking moment for a member subject to bending Mex IM, sbout major principal x-ads Mae IM, about majo principal x-axis reduced by axial force My 'M, about minor principal y-axis reduced by axial force Me ‘ominal section moment capacity Max [Mz about major principal x-axis Ms 1M, about major principal x-axis with two holes in tension flange Ms 1M, about major principal x-axis with four holes in tension flange May IM, about minor principal y-axis, we design bending moment Mi ‘maximum calculated design bending moment along the length of @ member or Segment My ‘eign Deneling moment bout major principal xa My eign bending moment about minor principal y-axis N ‘non-compact (section) Ne ‘Romina member capacity in compression Nex Ne for member buckling about maior principal x-axis Ney ‘Ne for member bucking about minor principal y-axis Nom elle flexural buckling load of @ member Nene Non fora braced member Nene NomfOr a sway member Ne ‘nominal section capacity of a concentrically loaded compression memiver m ‘nominal section capacity in tension Me ‘nomial tension capacity ofa bolt My ‘minimum bolt tension at instalation Ne design axial force, tensile or compressive Ne design tension force ona bolt ne ‘umber of elective interfaces Pp ‘applied concentrated load o ‘minal ve load Ry ‘ominal bearing capacity of a web Foo ‘nominal bearing buckling capacity Boy ‘nominal bearing yield capactty R ‘nominal capacity r radius of gyration fe radius of gyration about major principal x-axis 5 radius of gyration about minor principal y-axis 4 root radius 2 toe radius e ‘design bearing force s plastic section modulus; or slander (section) ch 'S about the n-axis (for angles) Sp 'S about the p-ans for angles) Ss 'S about major principal axis Ss; 'S about minor principal y-axis s design action effect % staggered pitch of bots e thickness of a section t thickness of a lange ty thickness of a ply f design throat thickness of a weld ty thickness of a web: or size of a filet wold UNO unless noted otherwise % ominal bearing capacity ofa ply Dorasie-1060| ‘AISG: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL wi ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.EECCEEL TR seep eee eee 888 BNNNN, «wip ‘nominal shear capacity of a bolt ~ strength mit state - shear on threaded area ‘nominal shear capacity ofa bolt - strength limit state - shear on unthreaded area ‘Romina shear capacity of a bolt - servceailty limit state Romina shear capacity ofa web with a uniform shear stress dstrbution Nominal shear capacity ofa web nominal shear capacity ofa web inthe prasenes of bending moment design shear force design shear force on a bot ~ strength limit stats ‘sign shear force on a bolt - serviceabily limit state ‘Romina eapacity of a filet weld per unit length ‘design force per unit length ona filet weld ‘nominal capacity ofa weed joint total uniformly cstrbuted applied load design action strength imi stato maximum design load ‘serviceability limit state maximum design load Igy = 4S, web fa not fly efective Effective width of wes = dey Gross Area Effective Area 3.3 Surface Areas & Properties for Fire Design Tables 3.218) to 3.2-10(A) Le. the (A) type tables In the 3.2 Table Series Ist surface area for hot-olled open actions. in clon, to assis with the design of structural steel sactons fr fre resistance (Section 12 of AS 4100), values of exposed surface area to mass ratio (Ken ) are tabu- lated in Tables 3.2-1(B) to 82-108) forthe various cases shown In Figure 8.1. The () type tables immediately follow the (A type tables foreach respective section group. For unprotected steel open sections the values of ken corresponding to four and three-sided ‘exposure should be taken as those corresponding to Cases 1 and 4 respectively in Figure 3.1. For members requiring the action of fie protection materials, Rat {3.3} may be used to determine the thickness of proprietary materials roqued for a given valve of ken and Fire Resistance Level (FAY, It should be noted that fam is equivalent to Ein Ref.{8.3]). Further information and worked ‘examples on fire design to Section 12 of AS 4100 can be found in Rota (3.4.3.5) Ea ‘RISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL area ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.Case 1 case? Case Case Case 5 cases 4> SIDED EXPOSURE 3 SIDED EXPOSURE TO FIRE (Osseo re exposure considered: otal Perietor, Profle protected Top ange Exclude, Profle-potectod Top Flange Excluded, Box-potacted, No Gap = Total Perimeter, Boxcproteced, 25mm Gap 8 = Top Fangs Excluded, Bax protects, 2 mm Gap Figure 8.1: Cases for calultion of Exposed Surace Area to Mass Ratio 3.4 References [8.1] Bradford, M.A, Bridge, R.Q. and Tahal, N.S, “Worked Examples fr Stel Structures”, third edition, Australian Institute of Steel Construction, 1997. [8.2] ASO, “Design Capacity Tables for Structural Stool Volume eation, Australian Institute of Stes! Construction, 1998, [8.3] Proe, DL, Bennetts, LD., Thomas, LR. and Szelo, W-T, “Handbook of Fre Protection Materials fr Structural Stee”, Australian Institute of Steel Construct, 1980 [8.4] Thomas, LR., Bennetts, LD. and Pros, D., "Design of Stoel Struct. 26 for Fre Resistance In Accordance with AS 4100", Steel Construction, Australian Institute of Stool Construction, Vol. 26, No.3, 1992, [8.5] O'Meagher, A, Bonnets, LD, Dayawansa, PH. and Thomas, LR, "Design of Single Storey Industrial Bulings for Fire Resistance’, Stee! Construction, Auatalan Institute of Steel ‘Construction, Vol. 28, No.2, 1992. See Section 1.1.2 for details on reference Standards ‘ota o-1080 ‘AGC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL a 2: Holow Sections", secondy a at Wat i e8eq at od eaggees)oeeal PEELE TABLE 3.1-1(8) DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES d+) &] saseeseleeas sens seeg it WW PPP ‘N80: DESION CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1. OPEN SECTIONS. ‘ocryv0a.x089wa GR2G8S|Q0u|gqaaazealszeg] SRREESSRGARG e 8558888) SERESPEGEE SEEEESEMESY \e+|e|Rananaajeaaaeeesiesssesss| bs|6]a2aeaasleaeslasanesegaga: He lEguRTEg Ego \eg95) FOR ASSESSING SECTION CAPACITY TO AS 4100 aa | EEEREESESSIBRREGS5 9B E88) Beale eR aegaeecinny lf] S| essasasiaaes H 3 eet eee ae [P=|4|eaeanageeesenaseegseess) crve-1088 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL me ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.TABLE 3.1-2(8) WELDED COLUMNS DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES leeeeees| 9895983 f ee ‘AIS: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ry “VOLUME 1 OPEN SECTcorse 1989 TABLE 3.1-2(8) 8 z : Hy if : ru & i z | FW U ra see 3889 2908295505 298 egeeeedegeeeed czas seaaaaslenneaaalsasa| ageaeaaianesaes|ssaa| lseegess| SPEER ELL gesgegegagsaieesg| enaaanseneasesleees| aeRaRasieeaaaasieang| erale 33 8089] Ra) 88 =a ea = ta ee ee = = | cnn sar ‘SSILUSdOUd GNV SNOISNAWIG ‘SW V3a WSuaAINN eS (vere nev. ik _ yop b crw1ie-1080| ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. 340sleanaelae| las] |aaalanisasiea 2 =a = \b-|4]2aslasieaaiesisageaseassnssisngan) Oly SV OL ALIOVdVO NOLLOAS ONISSASSV HOd SALLNSGOUd ‘ 008 savy swag TWSuSAINA iL, (@e-ve mew, l crwvio-108|| gelaaele| ae) aE =| 8 E+] 8] nas za| is IE ral mi VOLUME 1 OPEN SECTIONS. ]QN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL, SaILEZdOd ONY SNOISNAWIG 4 ‘SNINN'109 TWSUZAINN 4 Ee am (vere nev. 4 ¥ } t i TR co 312343. aa i $ == a aan 3 a i SS a SS & iP S¥ OL ALOVaVO NOILOSS BNIGSIGSV HO SaLLUaAOUR 5 00e BavED i g g |8 Basle) a: oe DESIGN CAPAOITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘SSUNSdOUd GNV SNOISNSWIG ‘SWV2a TWSUBAINN NOH LnD SBBL (sre eu,346 |] gaelasienelasiesslansiaasiasagaaaag ia-}6| gesissiasalag) I "AC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL 00H Sv O1 ALIOVAYD NOLLOAS ONISSASSV HOS SSLLUAdOUd i | eraries-1900orwiia.1080| SSLLUadOUd GNY SNOISNAWIG ‘SNWN109 TYSUAAINN WOU 1d SAL (Were mew ‘ASC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL. 3416>| 6] ganslasiaaalenals| “Sater Se Saar tg O0tY S¥ OL ALIOVdVO NOLLOAS BNISSASSY HOd SALLUSdOUd (@o-re Tv 347 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. orwins-080‘SALLW3dOUd GNY SNOISNSWI ‘STENNVHO SONV1d TET IVUVE (u-be sav eras /a-t808 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL “VOLUME 1, OPEN SECTIONS. 48219 a wa = a a Coir 8¥ 61 ALlOWavO NOUGBS DNISS2SGY wos SaILISdOUA # 008 3qvuD eT _* 8 ise a A mes J? | t ae sa 8 a i | ‘S3LLH3dOud GNV SNOISNSWIG SWvae SONVId HadvL (vie-t'e sew, Derwiea- 199‘sexe-A pu ~x jediounid ‘SALLUZdOud ANY SNOISNSWIO. ‘SaTONY Twnoa Hyie-1'e new Doraie-se88 ‘ISG: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL “VOLUME 1! OPEN SECTIONS. 3-20‘soxe-d pue -u jediound-uou ‘S3ILU3dOUd ANY SNOISNAWIO. ‘SBTONY Tyna Hole-re av O0HY Sv OL ALIOVaVO NOILOAS DNISSISSV HOd SSLLUTdOUd ‘00e save ‘SaTONY Tynba Hale-t'e sev a2 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL VOLUME 1 OPEN SECTIONS. Dorvme-1080a a5|aa3 a3 =a Saw a 5] | BES; ‘sexe -A pus -x jediouud SSILU3d0Hd ANY SNOISNaWiG ‘SaTONV Tyna eHvl6-L'e av. ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL 98-1988 ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SEOTIONS. oe 3-223-28 z G H li i @ 8 8 SAS SASHES ERE lnasiasa slaasal 1 "AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL VOLUME 1. OPEN SECTIONS. ‘sexe-d pue -u jedioupd-uou ‘SSLLU3dOud GNY SNOISNAWIG ‘STONY TynDa z0l6-1'e TEV orie-980‘a sem opty oncemnee noe mi xem pe 8) 398) 322 | 388 a3] a a we D aa oe a I ‘SaLLY3dOud ANY SNOISNSWIG ‘sexe -A pur x jediouud ‘SaTONY IwndaNA (Wol-We sav crwi/0-1800| ‘AISC: DESION CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1 OPEN SECTIONS. 3-24Zi ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. Dewvioe-9893-26 ot i ' i> oti ty a t TABLE 3.1-104¢) UNEQUAL ANGLES DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES rnon-principal n- and p-axes: ‘AIS: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL VOLUME 1 OPEN SECTIONS. ‘erw9- 1080TABLES. ROUND BARS DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES.328 TABLE 3.1-12 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL VOLUME 1; OPEN SECTIONS. ‘SQUARE BARS DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES at — wa se) sa ah om ul Oa ae ae81 parol sez at ‘eid wos} no @q w@ 1810 ‘Auyqerene 405 senBoyeyeo s.eunyoeynue eg 3:29 aeleeses: 5 anaes|tagesesegeng BRE Oa: a 88828) i HEEERG| 8) SERSBGGIESRESEE|SSES gee ls g B SEE 88g ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL. POLMMIE 1, OPEN SECTIONS. a 7 ‘SALLUEGOUd ONY SNOISNSWIG ai iE Suva Avid spaa muynos 4 el-re sav Borie. 1898TABLE 3.1-14(1) WELDED BEAMS i i as a 83 4 +/Q] seseeeannenss| 3] aaeaeengeaae lsBBaaaS| lwatawad| lseeiaasal aeaaeaE aERRERE lenennee| lasnezea| EB RBBB RRR BR RY cs lnaaajanaalGRADE 400 TABLE 3.1-1422) WELDED BEAMS. ‘SECTION PROPERTIES ‘two/four holes on tension flange 7 Ti /Se8eS8E3s88es| aRRSERENISSEE ‘eauelaaee { = orvce-1999 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STFUCTURAL STEEL 331 VOLUME 1, OPEN SECTIONS.3-32 Pr FISSRASE RA SAARI RRS ‘SPRASSERIEERSS| 't| S88388080288 + aaanaaeaaaaAag| ‘GRADE 300 ‘SECTION PROPERTIES ‘tworfour holes on tension flange TABLES, WELDED bi SSSSSSERERSEES| SRRURBAREIE;| SERRRRRRUSEOSS|SESOREGSARAAY ienaaeaaenneene| Ba lseaseesesseee: lnennneee| eee ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.om 3] SSBRRRRRRARE: =) 5] Sangngnenenag| 3} |p] gueseunuentans|eaucusaezenzea|ezeuansa eee te iB Hho 5 83 ie rats desi foe Oe ! ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL 3:33 “VOLUME 1" OPEN SECTIONS./SRaiga E88) SERGE e Ee +| Heaslnelaay sire Tau, erwii-+800 "ASO: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL a4‘SILU3dOUd NOLLOAS dive rev, 3-35 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL VOLUME 1. OPEN SECTIONS. erwiin-s900so = = i B- = a Tome Sand! _| wget ‘svauy Sovsuns (euuoyew) ones ssew 0} ease soeyns posodio Sevag cag NDISIG ONINAANIONA SUL ‘swag a3qTaM (orzenew (ize meu oris-109 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL. ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. 3-38337 “VOLUME 1. OPEN SECTIONS. ‘Svauy 3oVvsuns: : DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL (ouuoy/2w) ones sseu 03 eaxe 2oeyins pasodxe sun NOISAG ONIHASNIONS auld 109 GEaTEM SNWIN109 aaaTaM (eee ev (eee meu g 8 z 2laeaae| peesleaeisa| wa = = 3s = svauy s0vsuns ouuoy/,u) ones sseu oy eave eoepins pesodxe soevau TysumAmn 'NOIS3q ONTESSNIONS Slt : ‘suivag WSuaAINA Meze new. (eve mew 8 g & 3-38eeecta =a ma = a ‘ean mstone ‘svauy sovsuns (eo) one eau woe eo0yne posodxe SNMIMIO9 TWsuBAIN NOISIG ONINAANIONS SULA ‘SNINNT09 TwSUBAINA Sires @rze nau ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL, 339 ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. Dcrvse 1980jaaslaneleagglea yizal ide | i? i fl (ouuoy/cw) ones sseui 0} Bore ooepins posodxs NOIS3G ONIZaNIONA Sul ‘SWVaa TVSUBAINN WOU 1nd saa. (@s-ze maw | ‘Svauy 30v4uns: ‘SWVaa TYSUAAINN WOuld 1nd S31 Wis-z'e Sau, orae-1080 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. 3-408 aa a = £8 ao & a Ey BS g fl == = 8 2s S x |W.!|! svauv sovauns 8 semri00 WoManbin Wold 100 SEAL (wees sav(euuoy/,u) ones sseu 0} voxe 2oepins posodxe NOIS3d ONIUAANIONA Sul STANNVHD SONVTd TaTIVUVd = vce neu, potwe-1080 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS 3-42,; [ee ee cl SER Sameer = ese: |S Ss SS | = Zao |p op Se So SE ST] | (ouuor/,iu) ones ssew 04 eexe eosjins pasodxe ‘svat 3oVvsuNs: oWsaa DMaaNDNa 38 seovna zones wav Swivae SOwvtA wBaV eran (@e-ze nevii a g 4 ot ma NOIS3G ONIUSANIONS aul ‘SvBUY BOWsuNS ‘SaTONV Twnba ‘SaTONY Tyna @e-ze maw. Wwe-ze sav era /e-te00| ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 17 OPEN SECTIONS. 3448 q F Fi f EOrEE EEE EE) ies k ie sas ie a 3 te (cuuoy,tu) ones sso oy vase soejine posodxe NOISI@ ONIUAaNIONA auld al @or-ze mew (ov-ee Taw | 845 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. Derirves-980[BLANK]METHODS OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS PAGE 4a ‘Methods of Determining Design Action Effects a2 42 ‘Moment Amplification for First-Order Elastic Analysis. 42 424 Braced MemberS nnn ory 4244 Calculation of cm 43 42.2 ‘Sway Members... 43 423 Elastic Flexural Bucking Loads 43 43 Examples. - 48 44 Miscellaneous... 4-10 45 References. 4-10 NOTE: SEE SECTION 2.1 FOR THE SPECIFIC MATERIAL ‘STANDARDS REFERRED TO BY THE SECTION TYPES AND STEEL GRADES IN THIS PUBLICATION Dorame 1908 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL an "VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.METHODS OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS. 4.1 Methods of Determining Design Action Effects ‘This section provides guidance on calculating design action effects as required by AS 4100. The ‘methods of analysis recognised by AS 4100 are: {@) first-order elastic analysis with moment amplification (Cause 4.4.2 of AS 4100) (©) second-order elastic analysis (Appendix E of AS 4100) {@) plastic analyle with moment ampification (Clause 4.5 of AS 4100), and {G) aévanced anslysis (Appendix D of AS 4100), ‘These four methods consider the interaction of load and deformation that produce second-order cffects, For members subject to bending and ava force, second-order effec (known as P= and P= 5 eifects) can increase the design bending moment. Method (a) without mament amplification = Le, frst-order elastic analysis ~ does not conser these second-order effects and may be used for members with bending moments only axial tension or compression force ony and, for braced ‘members, combined bending moments and tension forces. In genera, structural analysis methods (a) with and without moment amplification ~ and (bre ‘most commonly used though (b) can oly be effectively used via computer methods. Consequently, ‘method () wil be considered futher as methods (b),() and (dae beyond the scope ofthis pub lication. The folowing Sections are presented as a guide forthe designer when using method () ‘The tabulated values In Parts 5,6, 7, 8 and 9 may be used for design in those cases where seo- ond-ordr effects * canbe neglected (members with ony: tension force; compression force: ending moments, (for braced members, combined bending moments and tension force) + are accounted for by using moment amploation factors in conjunction with a rst-order astc analysis + are accounted for in a eacond-onder elastic analyse, 4.2. Moment Amplification for First-Order Elastic Analysis For a member subjected to combined bending moment and axial force, the bending moments ae amplified by the presence of axial force. This occurs to both Isolated, staticaly determinate mem bors and members ina statcally indeterminate frame. A first-order elastic analysis alone doos not Consider second-order effect, however, moment amplification accounts for the second-order tects. The moment amplifation factor is calculate difeently for braced and sway members as shown below. 4.2.1 Braced Members In a braced member the transverse displacement of one end ofthe member relative to the other is ‘fective prevented. The moment amplification factor for a braced member isd Iv first-order elastic analysis Is carried out thon &y Is used to amplify the bending moments betwen the ende ofthe member (Clause 44.2.2 of AS 4100). I & fe greater than 1.4, a sacond- order elastic analysts must bo carried out in accordance with Appendix E of AS 4100. 4e can be calculated from the flow char in Figure 4.1. The design bending moment is given by: a {ASG DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL VOLUME 1 OPEN SECTIONS. Dorwie-1999w Mi forbraced members subject to al tension or with zero axlal force) BoM (lor braced members eubject to compression) where Mis isthe maximum design bending moment caleulated from a first-order analysis. 4241.1 Calculation of em ‘Te factor for unequal moments (ey) is used inthe calculation of, Ia braced member ie subject only fo end moments then: m= 06 0.4fiq 1.0 (Clause 4.4.22 of AS 4100) vere fm isthe ratio of the smaller to the larger bending moment atthe ends ofthe memier, taken 18s postive when the member is bent n reverse curvature It the member is subjected to traneverse loading, fin is calculated as follows: £2) Br =-1.0 (conservative) (Clause 4.4.2.2) of AS 4100) (©) PIs obtained by matching the moment dstibution options shown in igure 4.4.2.2 of ‘48 4100 (© Bhs based on the midspan detection. (Clause 4.4.2.2(6) of AS 4100) 42.2 Sway Members Ina sway member the transverse displacement of one end ofthe member relative tothe other Is rot effecvely prevented. The moment amplification factor for a sway member i ‘The bending moments calculated from a first-order elastic analysis are modified by the moment amplification factor (x) whichis the greater of & (see Section 4.2.1) and 8 (Cause 4.4.2.3 of AS 4100). In is greater than 1.4 a second-order elastic analysis must be used in accordance with ‘Appendix E of AS 4100, 8; and 6, are calculated from the flow charts shown in Figures 4.1 and 42 and the design bending ‘moment is given by nM 42.3 Elastic Flexural Buckling Loads Elastic fexural Bucking loads (Non) ae required forthe calculation of dy and By, Values of Na fOr varius effective lengths (L.) are determined from Ciause 46.2 of AS 4100 by: x6) au? Where ke = Le= effective length: kis given in Figure 6.1 for embers with idealised end restraints. For braced or sway members in frames, ke depends on the ratio (y) ofthe compression member siifness to the end restraint stiness, calculated at each end of the member. Refs. 8.1.4.2] pro- \Vide worked examples for the calculation of effective lengths and mement amplification factors for ‘members in those instances, Nem For a specific etfctve length, reference can be made to the Dimensions and Properties Tables in Part 8 (e. Tables 9.1-1 to 3.1-19 as appropriate) to determine /(.. oy) and then simply eval- Uate the above equation f0F Nor "ASG: DESIGN GAPAGITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL oT 0-1900 VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS a)Members with| Idealised End Restraints; Clause 4.63.2 ‘of AS 4100 Effective Length Figure 46.3.2 of AS 4100 Calculate Member Determination of ®y Members in Frames; Clause 4.6.3.3 ‘of AS 4100 Calculate Member Effective Length Kgl; Clauses 4.6.3.3, 4.6.5.4 ‘and Figure 4.6.3.3(@) ‘of AS 4100 ti Compt Nan tom Saino ME ofa #100 Compute Gn from (Clause 44.2.2 ‘of AS 4100 Figure 41: Flow Chart fr the caloulation of Sy x ‘ISG: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL LUME 1 OPEN SECTIONS. cra e-se68Determination of 8 ‘Members with idealised ‘Members in Frames; End Restraints; Clause 46.3.3 Clause 4.6.3.2 ‘of AS 4100 ‘of AS 4100 Calculate Member) (Rectangular Frames with ‘Non-Rectangular Etectve lngth il: | | Nepigble Ail Forces Frames; Figure 46.3.2 inthe Beams; Clause 4.4.2.3(6) ‘AS 4100 or Figure 6.1 Clause 4.4.2.3(a) ‘of AS 4100 ofthis Publication ‘of AS 4100 Calculate Member "P-a" Analysis Calculate hy Effectve Length ket; | | ctause 442.30] | _ from Rational Clauses 4.6.3.3, 4.6.3.4 of AS 4100 Bucking Analysis and Figure 4.6.3.3(0) of AS 4100 Compute Norns from Clause 4.8.2 oF AS 4100] ‘Compute hing from Clause 4772.2 ‘of AS 4100 Figure 42: Flow Chart forthe ealulation ofS Be Poriva-te68 {AISG: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL a ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.4.3 Examples 4. Braced Beam-Columa | Determine the design action effects for an isclated braced bearn-colum which is subject tothe ‘design actions as noted in Figure 4.3 405KN kNm SkNm 2 8 a { 45kNm SkNm End Moments End Moments axial ‘About xaxis About y-axis, ak Figure 43: Design action etfcts on isolated braced beam-column Design Data: Seaton: 200829.8 - Grade 300 stool Effective Lengths: Flexural bucking t-axs) = 40 m Flexural bucking y-axis) = 4.0m #2 x200x 10°x 29.110" 4, optained from Table 31-308) (4000) #2 x200x10?x3.06 x 10° ‘4o00F (iy obtained trom Table 3.1-3(9) Mix = 45 kNm maximum at End A > See ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.From Figure 4.1 the moment ampitication factor y's given by: Considering flaxural buckling about the x-axls: Bx. = 0.6/(-(108/3590) = 0.618 (<1) = By = 1.9) ‘Maximum moment occurs at the ends, Le. at End A Mz. = 45.0 kNim Considering flexural buckling about the y-axis bay = 1.001-(105/476), =128 Maximum moment occurs between ends, ie. in span My = 1.28x5.0 = 6.40 kim 2. Sway Beam-Column (In Unbraced Plane Frame) Calculate the design action effects using first-order elastic analysis and moment magnification for the columns of the unbraced frame shown in Figure 4.4. The design loads on the frame and the results of frst-order elastic analysis are also shown In Figure 4.4, oo a (0) Design actions and frame geometry use| mo sous |e | ans | r mace, (©) Design action effect from a first-order elastic analysis Figure 4.4: Design action effects and geometry of unbraced plane frame {Based on Examplo 45 hn the socond edton of Ret 4A) Po "ASC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL MR ‘YOUN OPEN SECTIONS a7Calculation of elastic flexural buckling loads fr the columns: ‘The braced and sway effective length factors (ka and ke) a requred forthe determination ofthe elastic flexural buckling loads Nar nc None respectively Since the restraining beams are rigidly connected at their far ends to the columns, Be= 1.0 Table 4.63.4 of AS 4100) ‘The effects of smal axial forces n the beams are neglected i this example, 8) Upper storey columns (Clause 4.6.3.4 of AS 4100) ~ ie values ae used for sities calculations and sourced from Tables 3.1-3A) and 3.1-4(4). f x(t} a(t), area rece ee eae 22005 10176210. gg 3807 Nave = #2 x200 x 10x 176 x 10° (160 b) Lower storey columns (Clause 4.6.3.4 of AS 4100) ~ values are usad for stifness ‘calculations and sourced from Tables 3.1-9/) and 3.1-4A). y= (07.6 + 52.875.0)11.0 x 88.4 /10.) 153 ‘p= 10 (pinned base) Using Figures 4.8.8.3) and (a) of AS 4100, kay = 2.1. fay = 0.09 Leg #2.1x5.02105m Lp =0.89 x 5.0 = 4.45 m ‘The elastic buckling loads forthe lower story columns are Name = #7200 109x528» 10° gag yy 2020 KN Mos = 10500)" My = 32200108 52.8 10" 5569 ky (44807 ® Calculation of moment ampifcation factor By (consider each column separately) From Figure 41 the moment ampiiiation factor By is given by: a_i es Ror ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL oe ‘VOLUME 7: OPEN SECTIONS. erwie-1800i (Section 4.21.1 for fina = 0) = 0.609 (19) (Section 4.2.1.1 for fs = 0.95) =0228 10) eno = 0274 (Gestion 4.2.1.1 for yo = 0.81) fos 0274 20279 19) (Section 4.2.1.1 f0FBne = 0} 20813 10) Clause 4.4.2.2 of AS 4100 stats that & = 1.0 b& & Calculation of sway moment amplification factor 8 From Figure 4.2 fora rectangular frame with negligible axial fore in the beams, the ‘sway moment amplification factor 8 for each storey is given by 1.0 for the upper storey 41.0 fr the lower storey {Upper storey (Clause 47.2.2. of AS 4100) 2643/50 fom = 08 + 34.4760 B= 105 (14) = 204 (©) Lower storey Clause 4.7.2.2 of AS 4100) 2945/50 Foe = 00+ VEO & =u (1a) ors 1880 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL Pay ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.for the upper storey forthe lower storey “Therefore the design bending moments ae Me =495 «1.05 = 45.7 kNm for the upper storey Me =943x1.11 = 105 kN for the lower story 4.4 Miscellaneous Readers should note that previous editions ofthis publication sted tables of Non atthe end of Part 4. These tables were rarely used and could be reacly calculated by manual methods (as noted in the examples above). Consequently, the Ne tables have been omitted from this part ofthe Tables. 4.5 References [4.1] Bradford, MA. Bridge, P.O. and Tahal, NS., "Worked Examples for Steel Structures" hid ‘dion, Australian Institute of Steel Construction, 1997. [4.2] AISC, "Design Capacity Tables for Structural Steel - Volume 2: Holow Sections”, second ‘dion, Ausvalian Institute of Steel Construction, 1908, ‘See Section 1.1.2 for detalls on reference Standards. (GN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL a VOLE iP OPEN SECTIONS. or9-180MEMBERS SUBJECT TO BENDING PAGE A ‘Maximum Design Loads for Beams with Full Lateral Restraint ‘subject to Uniformly Distributed Loading, : 53 saa ‘Strength Limit State Design. : 58 Baad Wits based on Design Moment Capacity 58 SANZ Wi based on Design Shear Capacity 54 BAD Serviceability Limit State Design 54 5. Wi based on a Deflection Limit of 1/250. = BA 5122 Wij based on First Yield Load. 55 513 Ful Lateral Restraint. 55 514 ‘Additional Design Checks. 55 515 ‘Other Load Conditions... : 55 516 Examples, 7 . 57 Design Section Moment and Web Capacities. 59 General... 59 Method... 2 59 Design Section Moment Capacity... 59 ‘Segment Length for Ful Lateral Restraint (FL)... 59 Design Torsional Moment Section Capacity... 5-10 Design Shear Capacity of a Web. 7 510 Design Web Bearing Capacities... SN Example ~ Web Bearing, 512 Shear and Bending Interaction. 7 5413 Method ee ent 513 Example, — 513 Bending and Bearing Interaction. ne 5413 Design Moment Capacities for Members Without Full Lateral Restraint... ee 514 531 General anne 7 S14 532 Design Member Moment Capacity : SAG 533 Beam Effective Length ..... z : 5415 534 (Other Loading and Restraint Conditions 5-15 535 ‘Segment Length for Ful Lateral Restraint (FLA). so AS 538 Examples aia = 5415 aes ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL. ea “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.5a Calculation of Beam Deflections.. 5-18 55 References. vo - os 58 TABLES TABLES 6.1-1 to 5.1-12 ‘Maximum Design Loads for Beams with Full Latoral Restralnt 5-20 TABLES 6.2-1 t0 5.2-10 Design Section Moment and Web Capacities 5-36 TABLES 53-1 to 5.3-10 Design Moment Capacities for Members without Full Lateral Restraint 5-42 NOTE: SEE SECTION 2.1 FOR THE SPECIFIC MATERAL STANDARD REFERRED TO BY THE SECTION TYPE AND STEEL GRADE IN THESE TABLES 52 ‘ASC: DESIGN GAPAGITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL aa ‘SMe 4 OPEN SECTIONSMEMBERS SUBJECT TO BENDING 5.1 Maximum Design Loads for Beams with Full Lateral Restraint Subject to Uniformly Distributed Loading NOTE: BEAM SELF WEIGHT: For Tables 5.1-1 to 6.1-12, the solt-weight of the beam hi NOT been deducted. The designer must include the self-weight as part of the dead Joad when determining the maximum design load Wi or W- “Tables 8.1-1 to 5.1-12 give values ofthe maximum design loads for singl-span simply-supported ‘beams wit ful lateral restraint subject to uniformly cistibuted loads as shown in Figure. fer both the strength and serviceability lit states. Designers should assess maximum we design loads for the strength and Serviceabilty limit states separately fELULIELLL) teen has, 2 ferent oad combinations sp) ue aera 1os0 cases AN rare gomemad [W is in kN] Figure 6:1: Beam configuration “bles 5.1-1 to 5.1-12 also lit the maximum segment length for ul atral restraint (FLR) for each section type loaded and configured as noted in Figure 5.1. For angles subject to bending, reference should be made to Part # ofthis publication. 5.1.1 Strength Limit State Design Forthe beam configuration show in Figure 5.1, the maximum strength limit state desion load (Wi) Is the lessor ofthe maximum design losd (Wi) associated with the design section moment capacty (Gla) and the maximum design load (W) associated withthe design shear capacity (9M) ‘The designer must ensure thatthe strength limit state design load (Wis less than or equal tothe maximum design load Wé, Le. wesw vere WE = min, WMC WS We; and Wis ae listed In bold witin the fst row of envies for each open section in Tables 5.141 to :1-12. For the beam configuration shown in Figure 5.1, the strength ofthe beam isnot controlled by the Interaction of bending moment and shear force (Clause 5.12 of AS 4100) An example of the use ofthese tables is gven in Section 5.1.6 54.1.1 Wer-based on Design Moment Capacity ‘Tho derivation ofthe design section moment capac (OM) Is given in Section 5.2.2.1 and Isted in Tables 52-1 10 .2-10, Dorian "RISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL eo ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. 58For a sinle-span simply-supported beam subject to uniformly distributed loaing (see Figure 1), the maximum design bonding moment (Mina) fs alven By: wa Max = He rath of the bear, ‘The design moment capacity forthe beam in Figure 5.1 ls ¢Mgx. Therefore, substituting 4Max or ‘Miya and rearanging the above equation gives: wi = B0Ms i= ‘ere Wi isthe Maximum Design Load based on the design moment capacity of the bear. 5.1.2 Wiz- based on Design Shear Capacity ‘The derivation of the design shear capacty (@\) is glen In Section 5:2.2.4 and listed in Tables 52-11052-10, For a single-span simply-supported beam subject to uniformly distutd loading (see Figure 5.1), the maximum design shear force (pais given by: ‘Therefore, substituting for #¥, for Vp and rearranging the equation gives: Wi = 29K ‘where Ws the Maximum Design Load based on the design sheer capacity of the beam. 5.1.2 Serviceability Limit State Design For the beam configuration shown in Figure 5.1, the value of maximum servceabilty ini state ‘design load (WV) given in the tables Is the lessor of the maximum design load (WE) which wi achieve a calculated total elastic deflection of 1/250 (where L isthe span ofthe bearn) and the load at which fst yield eccurs (Wi), i. We = min Was; Wid) 'W6 Is listed in italos within the second row of entries fr each open section in Tables 61-1 to 5.1-12, Serviceailty loads which are governed by yielding are shaded in these tables. An example ‘ofthe use of these table is gven in Section 5.1.6 ‘5.1.2.1 Wéi-based on a Deflection Limit of L / 250 ‘Tho maximum elastic deflection (Ama) ofthe beam shown in Figure 6.1 Is given by sm? Baer, where «20010 MPa \ ‘Therefore, substituting dr = L/250 and rearranging the equation gives the maximum design load ‘or servceabiity based on deflection (Ws): OO Ba ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL eet ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. a Sin second moment of area about the maior principal x-axis,For deflection limits other than 1/250, the value ofthe maximum deslgn lod based on another detection limi (V3) may be calculated by using the principle cutined above. 54.2.2 Wic-based on Fist Yield Load The load at which st yl occurs in the member is given by 5 ani w= Ses 5.1.3 Full Lateral Restraint Fullateal etraint maybe achieved fora beam by: (continuous lateral retain (Ciause 5.22.2 of AS 4100), of (fl, parlor lateral restraint provid at suticient locations slong the beam (Clauses 5.2. and 5.82.4 of AS 4100, The dstance between the locations in (0) f teed the ‘segment length andthe maximum value of segment length to maintain the fl steal esvaint con- dition is gonealy noted as “FLA”. Formulas fr cslouating FLR ar gon in Clase 6.2.4 of AS 4100 and Section 522.2. For the eam configuration shown in Figure 51, the ratio is equal 10-0. and the FLR valves ae lted in Tables 61-1 to 8:-12. 5.1.4 Additional Design Checks Wore loa are transmited ito the webs et supports oF at load points, the capacity ofthe webs to resist such forces shouldbe checked in accordance wih Section 52.2.5, and the values ofthe web capacities listed in Tables 5.21 0 5.210 5.1.5 Other Load Conditions ‘The values gen in Tables 51-1 to 51-12 are fr single-span,simply-supportd beams subject to uniformly dstrbuted leds (Figure 5.1). However the ntomation presented in Uae table maybe sed fr beams with fl tera restraint and other lacing situations using the equivalent uniform ‘esign loads given in Table TS.1 andthe folowing procedure: (1) Calcuiate the ecuivalent urfomiy dstrbuted maximum design load for moment (We) sing Table T3.+. (2) Based on ey solect section with an adequate maximum design load (I) asso lated wit he design moment capacity rom Tables 81-1 to 5.172. (8) Calculate tho equivalent unfomlydtrbuted maximum design load for shear (Wei) sing Table TS.1 (4) Check that the section selected in 2) has an adequate maximum design load (Wf) jsssociated with the design shoarcapacty to ress Wy. I not, eslct anew secon ‘20 which can eset (5) Chock shear and bencng ineracton in accordance with Section 5:24, A check is not necessary IV" < 0.694 or M” < 0.750 (©) Calculate the equivalent uniformly distributed serviceabilty (WE) from Table TS. (Check thatthe section selected in (4) has an adequate maximum serviceabilty design load (W/) to resist IN, Ino, select a new section size which can resist We, ‘The above procedure is shown in Example 2 of Section 6.1.6. EEE EEE aa ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL z Derws-080 "VOLUME 1! OPEN SECTIONS. 56Tet: Talo of Equivalent Uniform Design Loads Equivalent Equivalent Strength servicosbity Maximum Design Loads | Maximum Design Losding toed Toment | Sheer Wa Wis Wis oo CE 2p P ee L4t“j 5 +. afb ep 2 ee a for acb it aap 2 a) Le a Aft i “° oP 29P Apolo 5 YUU, PPP tL Ea nae UNE “ « ESIGN CAPACI nuor *e VOLUME THOPEN SECHIONS TESTE! porivo-o805.1.6 Examples 1. Beam with Uniformly Distributed Load ‘A simply-supported beam of 4 mettes span Is subjected to uniformly dlstrbuted loads of G (Dead Load) = 50 KN otal Hoa) O (Uve Load) = 64 KN (short term total load) ‘The beam is continuously laterally restrained. The total datection of the beam under serviceability load must not exceed 1/250. Select an appropriate Universal Baem section In Grade 900 steel to resis this loading, Solution: (© Caloulation of maximum design loads: ‘Strength Limit State Wo = 12864150 = 159kN Serveabilty int State W3 = 640.70 948 KN (©) Use of the Tabos: ‘Strength Lint State ~ Select saction trom the Tables such that the maximum design loads |W (based on moment capac) and W2 (based on shear capacity) are greater than or ‘equal to W/. it can be seen trom Table 5.1-52) that for a 250UB25.7 ~ Grade 300, the ‘maximum design loads are: We = 184 KN Wis =429kN WL = min DWC: Wi} 184 kN 1594) ‘Therefor, a 250U825.7 - Grade 300 satis the strength imi tat, Servceabilty Lint State - From Table 6.1-52), it can be seen that fora 250825.7 ~ Grade 800, the serviceabilty fad for a deflection limit of L/260 is: Wa =196KN © 948 Ky “Therefore, a 250UB25.7 — Grade 300 satsies the serviceability lini tat. 2, Beam with Central Concentrated Load ‘A.beam which is simply-supported has a span of 6.0 metres with ful lateral retraint The boar fe Subjected to nominal central dead and short term lve loads of 40 kN and 25 kN respectively Design a suitable Universal Beam in Grade 300 stool with a limit on deflection of span / 250. Solution: (1) Calculate the equivalent uniformly distributed maximum design load for moment (Wea) = |: Em Dera. 1088 {AISG: DESIGN GAPACITY FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL S *VOLSME LOPEN SECTIONSe 6 © From Table 75.1, the Wey associated with the corral oad case is: Was = 27 =2x(1.25 x40 + 1.5 x25) s78KN Based on Wey selec a section with an adequate maximum design load (Wt) asso- ciated withthe design moment capacity From Table 6.1-5(2), a S10UB82.0 has adequate maximum design load with Wits = 170 KN Calculate the equivalent uniformly distributed maximum design load for shear (M4), From Table 75.1, Wéy forthe central load case is: We =P 211.25 x40+1.5x25 = 67.5 %N Check thatthe section selected in Step (2) has an adequate maximum design load (WV) based on design shear capacty From Table 5.1-5(2), @ S10U882.0 has adequate maximum design load with Wee = 586 KN, ‘See if shear and bending interaction check is necessary. Wis =586KN (able 61-52) 0M, = 283 KN (Table 2-5 oF 0.81) 0.60%, = 170 KN > 438 KN (= V'= Wv2) Trio shear and bend check te nacetay. Cult the eae unforced sericesity bad OE From Table T5.1, Wes for the central load case Is: Wes —8P : = 8 wovone5 =924N From Table 51-512), a 910U832.0 has adequate maximum serviceabilty design load with W3 = 108 KN, ‘Adopt a 910U882.0 ~ Grade 200 section. Noto: orilustrative purposes, the sel-veight ofthe beam fe not taken info account inthis exam- ple. I significant, a check should be undertaken with ‘weight included, 58 ‘AISC: DESIGN GAPAGITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ; ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. Doraine om5.2 Design Section Moment and Web Capacities 5.21 General “Tables 52-1 to 52-10 contain values of design section moment capacities about the principal x- {and y-axes (fg My) end the design shear capacity (9) for shear forose acting inthe princi pal y-axis cirection (note that such a shear force is related to bending about the x-axis). Design section moment capactes are given fr I-sections with holes inthe tension flange (MA, 6M). ‘Standard bolt hole clameters and gauge lengths are used on the fanges (refer to Tables 3-14 to 8,1-17 for detalls). These values provide the basic information necessary for checking shear-bend- Ing interaction ‘The maximum segment length for ful lateral estat (FLA) sao sted. FLA values may be used to ensure appropriate spacing of restraints so that the design section moment capaclty can be ‘achieved for bending about the x-axis. The Tables also provide values of design web Dearing capacities for al sections except Structural Toes. ‘Angle sections are not considered inthe 5.2 series tables though listings of principal axe design section moment capacities are given in Pat. Tales 81-11 and 81-12), 5.22 Method 5.2.2.1 Design Section Moment Capacity Designers must ensure that the design bending moment ()< @M, for spac restraint conditions ‘along the beam, ‘The design section moment capacity (pM) is determined from Clauses 5.1 and 52.1 of AS 4100 using OM, = 020 where @ = 09 (Table 2.4 of AS 4100) 4 etd stress used In design for a section where the web and flange yild stresses (ya & fy) are aferent, the lower valve i used) Z_ = efectve section modulus (see Section 32.2.2) Design section moment capacities ar listed for bending about both principal axes. For bending bout the x-axis, the design member moment capacity Mf) equals the design section moment capac (fv) for members which ae adequately restrained agains lexura-trsional buckling. For bending about the y-axis, lexual-torsional bucking does nat ocour and $M equals OM. For sections bending about an asymmetric principal axis (e.g. Structural Tees, Channels and Angles), Ms may depend! on the direction af the bending moment, 5222 Segment Length for Full Lateral Restraint (FLR) For -sections and channels, a segment with ful or partial ostrant at each end may be considered to have ful lateral restrain its length satisfies Clause 5.3.24 of AS 4100, Le. Srvine-seee "ASC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL 58FLR Sy + Kee) (72) % where FL. = maximum segment length for ful lateral restraint Kk (for equal anged sections) or 60 (for equal langed Channels) ‘k= 50 (for equal fanged I-sections) or 4 (for equa langed Channels) @ Tables 3.1-1 10 3.1-4, 3.1-7 and 31-8) Except for Stuctural Toes, the FLA values listed in Tables 5:2-1 to 62-10 are calculated using Bn = ~1.0 which is the most conservative case, However By =-0.8 may be used for segments with transverse loads (a in the case of Tables 51-1 to 5.1-12) or fy may be taken asthe ratio ofthe ‘smaller to larger end moments in the length () for segments without transverse loads (poctve when the segment is bent in reverse curvature), For Structural Tess cut from Universal Beams (BT section), the value of FLA has been determined by altemate means as AS 4100 does not provide specie guidance in thie area, The aternate ‘method calculates FLA by evaluating the maximum effective length for which #M equals gl, assuming dy = 1.0. This is Isted in Table 5.2-7 a8 “Effective Length’, However, for BT sections bending about the x-axis causing compression in the stom, theres no efective length listed es {My < Me generally =e. these types of loaded sections require continuous restrain the design Section mement capacity isto be attained. Adalional, Structural Tees cut rom Universal Colurmns (CT sections) and some BT sections bent about the principal ax paral to the lange do not buckle laterally and no "Efecve Length” values are given in Tables 5:27 and 5.28 52.2.3 Design Torsional Moment Section Capacity ‘As noted in AS 4100, thee is generally nat much guidance available on the design of open section ‘members subjec to torsion loading. However, futher information on analysis and design of such loaded members is given in Ret5.1, 52) 5.2.24 Design Shear Capacity of a Web Designers must ensure thatthe design shear force (<6, along the beam. For sections and channels the shear stress dstrbution in the web Is approximately uniform and the design shear capecty oy can be taken as (Clause 6:11 of AS 4100); oy ff fw es . fe). = woinaa we £5) oe hos fy a rd for St} | w seins fox! w 2f)-0 (ys) o ) a9 Cec emneees eecasres eee Reece} ene: een ARI Gs oe RA Te 510 ay TABLES Fon smu eerieFor Structural Tees the shear stress cistibuton fs ran-unform and the web shear capacity is ahen by 24 9% = min, 2H os+() whe in ty =the mir and verge dg her sete dtd fom en ste ras ri ae [oe (ro-)-8(2-4) |] ees Dats ne with nies Dearest 3S Spar an Je = Simatic re one ‘$e the design shear capacity assuming @ uniform shear stress dstbution (= a8 noted above for I-sections and channels) Note for Welded Sections: Clause 63.1 of ASINZS ‘Table T5.2: Flange-web joint details 9679.2 states that the flange-web welded joint —— aes for waded sacions sal deveop tne minimum [Sea], ] ee, | Ome tensile strength ofthe wab for ty = 18 mm, or | eens Stora | Veloedae the minimum tnsie stength ofa 18 mm weo | ‘sera | tm | oye |e forty > 18 mn, heeore a Ws) = Hy ortyst6mny | 20 fae ae Bat, orty> 16mm) | 0 | ef so fas where = 0. (able 24 of AS 4100) =o 10 | “ae | a ‘vig the sign capac ofthe “co | “12 | an] at welded joint 400, 216 480, ei) fy =e thickness Na Fees the wal eB a fth wb. For some Welded Columns (specicaly the Gade 400 S00WC440 and 400MVC261 sections) the design sear capacity () Is governed by the capacty ofthe welded jin ‘Talo 752 lists the design capactes of the wekiod joint forthe range of web thicknesses of Welded ‘Beams and Welded Columns. The design shear law atthe weised Joint may be evaluated by elastic ‘hear fo principles and must be less than or equal to vn Table T52. If this isnot satstied, the ‘design shear capacty of the section must be reduced to produce a value of vy at the joint. This thas been included in the 6, listings for the above sections, 622.5 Design Web Bearing Capacities Designers must ensure thatthe design bearing fore (FSF at allocations along a beam where bearing forces are present ‘The design bearing capacity (Wf) Is calculated in accordance with Clause 6.18 of AS 4100 and ‘ken asthe lesser of OF and gFun 88 noted below. ‘The design beating yield capacity ofa web (fy) is calculated in accordance with Clause 6.13.3 oF AS 4100 by: Poy Sr = 9 (4.25 tel Bee 78 (1-25 bu fy burs shown in Figure 5:2 and 0. (Table 84 of AS 4100). Dorwimaoe8 ‘NSC: DESIGN CAPAGITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL en‘The design bearing buckling capacity (6x) I determined using Clause 5.13.4 of AS 4100. This is equal to the design axial compression capacity of a member wih area ty by and slenderiess,, Ldr= 25 chy wth dp =05 and ky = 1.0 Section 6 of AS 4100), ee 7 oR 7S 7 nye gg Faby | pate meen eget a beh (tatoos ™t Ea ce z Figure 8.2: by and by for Dispersion of Force Through Flange and Web 5.2.3 Example ~ Web Bearing ‘A 590UB92.4 ~ Grade 300 steel beam as shown In Figure 5.3 is subjected to an end reaction of = 200 kN. Check the bearing capacity of this section to resi this force, _% _, Grade 300 Bu 7 | 33008924 Design Data Design bearing force R* = 200 KN Design shear force = 300 KN ‘tif bearing length 160 mm Hall clear web depth 251 mm (Table 31-34) Solution: (0) Check shear capacity ve = 300 KN OM =899KN (able 52-5) VP 20K ‘ASC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL cate VOLUME 1FOPEN SEEHIONS, oorw0-188(@) Check bearing capacky Boating length at inside of ange by = be + 25H 10425156 189 mm Bearing length atthe centre ofthe web by =by + hl2 169 +251 440 mm From Table 52-5: (@) Design bearing yield capacty of the web sn = 3.67 kNimm Poy =9.67 x 189 = 604 KN {b) Design bearing buckling capacity ofthe web 9s = 0.909 kNmm Be Poy = 0.903 x 440 = 397 KN Hence gy = min (@Riy.QFex) = 997 kN > FP (@300 KN) ‘the 530UB82.4 ~ Grade 300 section Is satisfactory. 5.2.4 Shear and Bending Interaction 6241 Method ‘Tho design web shear capacity determined in Section 52.2.4 may be significantly reduced when the section fs subject to a large desion bending momant atthe same locaton. The reduced design shear capacity (¢Vm is determined in accordance with Clause 5.12.3 of AS 4100 as: wc [ee-(*#t] wre Hs Mm 6s stg agaay gmc an 224 Mr = design bending moment MM, = design section moment capacity (s8e Sections 5.2.1 and 52.2.1) Designers must ensure that" = Vim Note: V0.0 oF" < 0.754, tn no check onthe traction of hear and bending necessary. 5242 Example ‘An example of a check on shear and bending interaction is given in Section 5.3.6. 5.2.5 Bending and Bearing Interaction Unlce hollow sections, there is no specific quidance given inthe body of AS 4100 for checking the ‘adequacy of opan section memiber webs subject to combined bending and bearing. There fs, how Dervis 1080 "AISG: DESIGN CAPAGITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL erat VOLUME, "OPEN SECTIONSlever, some guidance given in (the informative) Appendix | of AS 4100 to undertake a yielding and buckling check of a sifaned web pane! subject to bending moment, sheer fores, bear and axl load. The Commentary to AS 4100 (5.1} further notes that thie guidance may slo be applicable to unstitfened web panels, {An interaction check on open section webs may only be requted for very slender webs in pate \web girders with high bearing loads and high bending moments. In practice, there are ganerally io checks done on standard open sections (cee Section 2.1) subject to these combined effects. Consequently, no additional consideration Is made on the matter though the above reterences may be used if further guidance is required onthe tonic. 5.3 Design Moment Capacities for Members Without Full Lateral Restraint 5.3.1 General Values of design member moment capacty (My are given in Tables 53-1 to 53-10 for various val- Ls of effective length (L) based on the uniform moment case (an = 1.0) for members bending about the x-axis without ful letra restraint. The design section moment capacty (6M. ~ 820 Section 5.2.2.1) also Iisted to allow easy calculation of My far ether moment dstbutions as well asthe ‘design shear capacty (0, ~ see Section 5.2.2.4) for checking the interaction of shear force and bending. Additonal, the segment length fr fll lateral restraint (LR) is aso listed in thee tables. ‘Structural Tees cut from Universal Columns (CT) are not included in the 5.3 series tables as they fare not susceptible to flexbletorsional buckling when bending about the principal axis parallal # the flange. Except forthe BT sections, each ofthe 5.3 series tables is immediately followed by a graph of My versus Effective Length (L) based on the uniform moment case, 5.3.2 Design Member Moment Capacity Designers must ensure thatthe design bending moment (Mt) < $M forall beam segments, The ‘tabulated values of design member moment capacity (gM) are determined in accordance with (Clause 5.6.1.1 of AS 4100 as: (My = Ottis < 4M where == 0.8 (Table 3.4 of AS 4100) aq) = moment modification factor (Clause 5.6.1.1 of AS 4100) 0. (Assumed for all entries in Tables 5:3-1 to 5.3-10 & Immediately {following graphs - based on uniform moment case) ‘a, = slendeeness reduction modification factor (Clause 6.6.1.1 of AS 4100) ‘Mog = Mo~the reference buckling moment (Clause 5.6.1.1(aIVWA) of AS 4100) (Equation 5.6.1.16) of AS 4100) Ly = effective length of beam segment. | "A9C: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL oe Volume OPEN SeCHONS or 109|For Structural Tees ther isan additional term, the monosymmetry section constant (Inthe for ‘mula for Mos to account forthe asymmetry about the x-axis. For more detal refer to Clause5.6.1.2, Of AS 4100, 5.3.3 Beam Effective Length ‘The value of iM, depends on the effective lenath(.) of the flexural member. Le is determined by: Le =hhkl (Clause 6.6.3 of AS 4100) where ky = twist restraint factor (able 6.6.31) of AS 4100) & ad height factor (able 5.6.32) of AS 4100) ky =lateral rotation restraint factor ‘(Table 5.6.58) of AS 4100), L_=length of segment Ret. [54] provides guidance on the restraint conditions on flexural members proved by many ‘common structural steelwork connections. Additonaly, Ret. [5.5] considers further guidance on unbraced cantiovers 5.3.4 Other Loading and Restraint Conditions ‘The design member moment capacities presantod inthe 5:3 series tables can be used for ther Joading conditions. For these situations the effective length (L.) comtesponding tothe actual length nd restraint concitions must be assessed and the appropriate velue ofc, determined in accor- dance with Clause 5.6.1.1) of AS 4100. The design member mornent capacity can then be deter- ‘mined as the lesser of Mac = Zac and (My = G19 06 Zoe6 where = 0.9 Table 3.4 of AS 4100) (My = Gey tes the value of OM (= Oe Za) EN In Tables 5:3+ to 5.3-10. ‘Tables 53-1 to 5.3-10 are based on the most ertical moment distribution - Le. uniform ‘moment over the entire beam segment (ig = 1.0). For other values of dm designers should use the Jess0r of iMlx and dm (0M) where iM is the value given in the appropriate table for the same effective length, 5.3.5 Segment Length for Full Lateral Restraint (FLR) ‘Section 5.2.2.2 provides information for he calculation of FLR for open sections. The tabulated val- ee of FLR in Tablas 5.9-1 to 52-10 are based on tha conservative vale of fy = 1.0 Higher val- ls of FLA may be obtained if transverse loads are present on the beam segment or If the end "moments ofthe beam segment are diferent in magnitude or direction ~ Clause 53.2.4 of AS 4100 should be consulted in these situations 5.3.6 Examples 1, Beam with Restraint at Load Points and Ends ‘A Smply supported beam as shown in igure 5.4 has two concentrated loads applied tothe top lange. Full restait is provided atthe load points and the supports. The calculated design load at ach points 20 KN and includes an allowance for self weight. What siz Universal Beam is required ‘o support these loads? rN 199 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL _—“. “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. 516:20kN i20kN 20m 4om | 80m Segment, Segment 2____Segment 3 i Boning Figure 5: Beam and loading configuration for Example 1 Desion Data: Design bending moment Me = 40 KN Design shear foree ve =20KN ‘Solution = Moment and shear: For beam segment 2: End retraint condition (Lo flly restrained at both ends ofthe segment) “Twist restraint factor ke = 1.0 (Table 56.911) of AS 4100) 2 Load height factor hy = 1.0. (Table 5.6.90 of AS 4100) {Top flange losding at segment end) Lateral rotation estaint factory 0 (Table 5.6.36) of AS 4100) forsenative) + Effective length be hike. 0x 1.0x10x40 =40m ‘As a uiform bending moment i applied to beam segment 2, then dey = 1.0 (Table 5.6.1 of 'AS 4100). Thus alteratives can be read direct from Table 52-5 for a uniform bending moment ‘of 40 kim on segment 2 wit an effective length Le) of 4.0 m. ‘Choose a 20008208 - Grade 200 with My =478KNm > Mr and OY =225KN > (note aso 0.65%, 2 Vand no shear ~ bending interaction check Is requied) In terms of design member moment capacity, beam segments 1 and 3 donot have tobe checked because they have the same design bending moment (.. the maximum segment moment) and fend restraints but a shorter effective length when compared with the midale segment. Aitionaly, the bending moment dstbution is less adverse inthe end segments (uit dn = 1.78 as noted in Table 5.6.1 of AS 4100). As the end segments have a smaller effective length and larger moment ‘modification factor, the design member moment capacty of hess segments cannot be lass than that ofthe central (erica) segment Designers should alo undertake checks on bearing and deflections nal ‘AISG: DESIGN GAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL eat ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.2. Beam with Restraints at Ends Only Consider the simply supported beam in Example 1 above, redesign the beam assuming that fil lateral restraints not provided atthe load points, Desion Data: Design bending moment Me = 40KNm Design shear foros v= 20KN ‘Solution = Moment end shear: For entire beam: End restraint condition =FF (ie. fuly restrained at both ends ofthe segment) “Twist restraint factor y= 10 Table 5.6311) of AS 4100) Load height factor = 14 Cable 56.32) of AS 4100 with top flange loading within segment) Lateral rotation restraint factor f= 1.0 (Table 6.6.36) of AS 4100) Effective length be = hhh Ox 1A x1.0%x80 2m Moment mesifiestion factor y= 1.088 (Table 56.1 of AS 4100) “To satisfy the strength limit state ME Oy = itn Mas (hn) “This can be rewriten as Mf = 407.088 = 26.8 kN 5 0(1.0)te Mae “The right hand side of the last inequality i the value of gy (based on ly = 1.0) that's foun in “Tables 8:34 to 53-10. ‘Te design tis beam we ‘and Man ‘An appropiate section can then be read rectly rom the table using an aojusted design bending moment of May. From Table 63-5, a $10U5462 has : OMe == 197 KN GM) and Me 40.0KNim for Le = 12 m and a= 1.0) > Milan (96.8 KN) ‘Ateratvaly, the sted value f My from Table 6-5 may be mulled by dn (=1.088) which then should be greater than or equal to Mend less than or equal to lx "NSC: DESIGN CAPAGTY TABLES FOR STRUGTURAL STEEL cTv1/03-1999 ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS a‘Altona, fom Table 5.3, forthe S10UB46.2 ~ Grade 300 section ou 356 KN > V" (note also 0.60, 2 Vand no shear — ‘bending interaction check is required) Designers should also undertake checks on bearing and deflections, 5.4 Calculation of Beam Deflections ‘Some methods for calculating the elastic deflection of a beam include: (Integration of MIEN diagram moment area (i) slope defection () published solutions for particular cases (approximate or numerical methods (eg. fnte elements) ‘Table TS. gives the more commonly used beam detection formulae, Due to the large range of loading configurations and support conditions considered for beams in design, a comprehensive set of beam deflection formulae is provided in Ret. (5.6). 5.5 References {5.1} Standards Australi, AS 4100 Supplement 1-1099: “Steel Structures Commentary" (Supplement toAS 4100-1908), Standarde Australia, 1990, : {5.2} Tahar N.S. and Bradford, M.A, "The Behaviour and Design of Steel Structures to AS 4100" third edition = Australian, E& FN Spon, 1898, 15.3] Bridge, FLO. and Tiahai, N.S, “Thin-Walled Beams", Steel Construction, Vol. 15, No. 1 Australian Institute of Stl Construction, 1981 [5.4] Tiahalt N'S., Hogan, TJ. and Syam, AA., “Design of Unbraced Beams", Stee! Construction, Vol 27, No.1, Australian Institute of Steel Construction, March 1993, [5.5] Tiahai; N.S, "Design of Unbraced Cantilever", Stes! Construction, Vol27, No. Australian Institute of Steet Construction, September 1003. 15.6] Syam, AA. “Beam Formulas", Steel Construction, Vol.26, No. 1, Australian Institute of Steet Constuctin, March 1092, ‘See Section 1.1.2 for details on reference Standards fe ABCIDESIGN caPaciTy TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL css aaauoo ale VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS DCTWV1/08-1999,“Teble T8.2:Beom Deflection Formulae 7 BUT BEANS S ay por Wn we esa ret att - A =, —_ ang we a ar oy |e > ye el 7 ba am |g A= we reas ere tea ott each force Win) ae gto wee pfspaces of Lin 4 nem = ee tn) von a ke whan tet 4 seams pedi ee (20-91 Wer me = raoum dcr = tasonbon| = pact [Semele] _ a | Tomah iy c aga |= second moment of ares ol roe-secion W Eee4 ‘ee Dor 99.1908 'AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. 5195 i i 5 J cht iti BS j i 3 ; i i >/SRCSRAMRGRCRERRRSSEES + EGER ERESERRRE SEEM ER EURE: s/RRGDCERRRREREROSRARSRERERS E899228: BCRUUSUSRGAARGSARRRARRRRRRGSESSOERRSESS E388: POSES EGSS ES 02S0RRERASSSGRRRUGRRERSOSEES Gases SSSRSRES SS 02 5GRGGESSRERGRRERARARSRE ESA SIEIRR? SGSOAEIEQOGOGSOERSSENNGERRERERRAARBazReega58 ADEPRRER SRST ESEG RGR GSES OS ERSISERREEE aR ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL. Deorwvime-1098 ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.e WELDED BEAMS ‘GRADE 400 bending about x-axis Soro. =| SSCGURRAANRERERRRRRSERRERISSSOgzgS BEGRSESGRROSRRSSERARRERRESEEE: SOSCEOSETRREREORINIRR SARDSUSESORSESRESRSGRCCRE RO RARE ESEUERREGSQEOGESDOG SUEEENSDRRRERLRRER REED! SURERARUCR ORES OROEOSERORSESSECSERSAERREEY ELEREL LAELIA usninnninamnanienn HSSGSGEGSUGERESERRRSUSERD EER GE SONRGR&G| ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. 52TABLE 51-3 WELDED COLUMNS: GRADE 300 MAXIMUM DESIGN LOADS FOR BEAMS WITH FULL LATERAL \L RESTRAINT bending about x-axis xo fh ny er i nd et ty SSSSSRRERERINSSRAREREREESI¢e02eugoe8 : aSeGUGUERARDRaRIESRERRSZe2aRazeReg] | aoaaceeagegg egg zEs: agnghE83 RGERSREREEOGESREESSGRRRADEISERIaDRE HUT ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL orm sme-1080 ‘VOLUME 1 OPEN SECTIONS. msniseenatniieneanes ' ! iREGGE RRES ‘GRADE 400 ‘MAXIMUM DESIGN LOADS FOR BEAMS WITH FULL LATERAL RESTRAINT TABLE 5.1-4 WELDED COLUMNS. bending about x-axis aseegagecareasacazesy: lpagagageanseaccena aspegagngazaragagnans lssgegegsgegs PUBRARROBRERSAESERNIER EBREDERER: ReRea83: S/RRRRESES ROSS: s/MSRRRRGRSRRSS TEER ERS RE! SRESLSSGGRRSR EAU RRREEI ONE ES8 ESRC SESE RRERESEARAAARRSAORE s/SEERRGOROESERESERUEDADREGRSRERTRRES| [> ERSREESESEOSASOAREEDERSSGRERNTREEEES| 7 RESSRERRSGRESESESRSU SES SNARERIOAUGE| 7 GRRNECRAQRBRRORE BARGER SRaNgESIENET Bgegagege| & 82 AEE) eer FUE ‘AISC: DESIGN CA FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1, OPEN SEC)TABLE 5.1-5(1) SEEELS SES ERUARASEY MAXIMUM DESIGN LOADS FOR BEAMS WITH FULL LATERAL RESTRAINT peabeesoeesneasaanases: bending about x-axis pedaarasanena! SULRaaRGESURSRACALAR| legaagegaadekenalsevvosnsea Sedernedeeguas eSEREHEREQSRREaRUcRRESESa| RESEEREERS] a EGRRRESERHSHEe3| i |__| 5-24 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. orwvins.109‘TABLE 5.1-5@) UNIVERSAL BEAMS. GRADE 300 MAXIMUM DESIGN LOADS FOR BEAMS WITH FULL LATERAL RESTRAINT 1 | Porna8 198 bending about x-axis RERROSSneGRaashabad SGCREREREEGSeeRasnEReAaneeaeeS| ‘lS: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL 5-25 ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.ee err rere reer eegsaseag: aS spe ynoge Suypueg ANIVULSaY TWUaIVT TINd HLIM SWV3a Hod SavO7 NOISaa ANDY oor aavyo ‘suwirioo TWSuaAINn ho ors av Groce ctw -s088 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.[BLANK] orn AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ee 1 “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. ee‘TEES CUT FROM UNIVERSAL BEAMS STEM DOWN xe =p ‘GRADE 300 MAXIMUM DESIGN LOADS FOR BEAMS WITH FULL LATERAL RESTRAINT. [———— bending about x-axis ‘stem down — flange in compression nlagagagad: Sheseeeaennsnusesageel P| SHeSEnRnaReRReasasaa e]Sgasa Se 8aHRaRe HaSaSaSVSRRARBRNE: ESSSERNDESRARRRENSERES| ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS aa ety owee : as 2 oa ky et # Sat a 8 Es ae te = a as e Soe —- 2 soon | oe 3 a | ee ea rere cen ial coecr anne 3 aocese es (—— intvaisay Tea Ting HUM SWv38 Hod Savo7 NOIS3a WHWIXYN, NmOg HaIS 00s aavu ‘SWVaa TWSHaAINN WOU 1nd saa. neat @evsmew a i 5 55-30 TABLE 5.1-8(1) sen uP eed ay oo bending about x-axis ‘stam up ~ stam in compression el aeedaanee de! s|agecaaaeeaciedsacaedesd ate MAXIMUM DESIGN LOADS FOR BEAMS WITH FULL LATERAL RESTRAINT sleuagansugenegenssecensnéa| 2|BMSSRERERSzRMR SHE aseE oR: "AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 4: OPEN SECTIONS. ota iSranateeaacantEEEPET agaa aaa an hats Uojssaxduioo w ways — dn wis sem ee ~* spre-x jnoge Buypueq -INTPLSSE TEST Tind HLIM SHVae Hos Sa¥OT NOISIG WAWIXYW 08 savup ‘suivaa TWsdaninn Weed ano Sasa co (ers mev, eee 531 ‘ASC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL, ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. Deraiyo.190 |. eta teem ao, aaa: apsiseadae ageesa: ue RT ROTA TRA NR Em —— eens eae ten ne eae aa e124 ynoge Buipues Nyasa TWA1¥7 7nd HLM SHEE Hod 8a¥O7 NOISIG WAWIXYN oe aavup swuntoo ‘WStlaniNn Woud Ln9 S=aL eo ers nav occ erwsiee-+808 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1 OPEN SECTIONS. 5-32ANIVULS3Y TVEBIVT TINd HLIM Sivas HO Sa¥O" NDISIG WAWIXYW 00e save ‘SNWNT109 TWSUBAINA WOW 1no Saat ha ol-1's saw a AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. Dotw9-1090peeinie arco spre-x ynoge Buipuog ieysew Sa Dotwi9-1200 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL, ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.== “I ‘spre-x ynoge Buypuog _ ANIVELSaY TYHaLVT TINd HLIM SWvaa Hos SaVO7 NOIS3G WAWIXYW cor savup ‘suivad SONVId Usa co avs nav — ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL 535 “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS erwvme- 1088TABLE 52-1 WELDED BEAMS: eofe “GRADE 300 DESIGN SECTION MOMENT AND WEB CAPACITIES ‘ rm sy) ae Tosco cee cee “asLe 522 WeLpeD seams Gaabe soo DESIQN SECTION MOMENT AND WEB CAPACITIES sas —— ao == ==) ——T . * eae {EE 538 ‘AISC: DESIGN GAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL, my ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. a oeTABLE 5.2.3 WELDED COLUMNS we GRADE 300 DESIGN SECTION MOMENT AND WEB CAPACITIES oa Ta ee a a y =e See EL Siva season ware TABLE 5.2-4 WELDED COLUMNS. ‘GRADE 400 DESIGN SECTION MOMENT AND WEB CAPACITIES. ara a ae oe | 6) Siéchranao on oraroneon tos be 8 a 7 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL a ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. aaTABLE 5.2.5 UNIVERSAL BEAMS a ‘GRADE 300 DESIGN SECTION MOMENT AND WEB CAPACITIES oan ea } ar) AAturwnncnmnam eth 1 ees ens eat (0 Mrovwen een etn SO nt AS 8 TABLE 5.2-6 UNIVERSAL COLUMNS GRADE 300 IN SECTION MOMENT AND WEB CAPACITIES ee Ta al ao {8 freemen 0 ORS SNS 538 ‘ISG: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL erase 1999 “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.‘SBLLIOVavO SIM ANY LNSWOW NOLLOAS NOISIG SWAG ‘IVSHBAINN WOH 1nd SaaL 2es ev A ‘S3LLIOVaVO G3M ONY LN3WOW NOLLOS NOISIG ove Savuo esTABLE 5.2.9 PARALLEL FLANGE CHANNELS GRADE 300 DESIGN SECTION MOMENT AND WEB CAPACITIES =e SS Ne 0) oeenmanaies 1 TABLE 5.2-10 ‘TAPER FLANGE BEAMS To GRADE 300 aA DESIGN SECTION MOMENT AND WEB CAPACITIES | | tae sea aa pe 1} Atos be sn SPS a, ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL. 9 a ‘VOLUME 1! OPEN SECTIONS. aed[BLANK 00909 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL Bat bi aa ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.TABLE 53-1 WELDED BEAMS ‘GRADE 300 DESIGN MOMENT CAPACITIES FOR MEMBERS WITHOUT FULL LATERAL RESTRAINT bending about x-axis RaaRERE BaSEE“Ee ; roca aan | Design Member Moment Capacity My (kNm) 100 +f ° 5 10 15 20 Effective Length L, (m) = 'AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR. IRAL STEEL berm. “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS (x5bending about x-axis ae ew Sp Soe nga eee TABLE 53-2 WELDED BEAMS ‘GRADE 400 DESIGN MOMENT CAPACITIES FOR MEMBERS WITHOUT FULL LATERAL RESTRAINT q | ‘NISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. buon nan par raat art nota Tae ama aaa Fae TN i : a i i i otwis.1980 ont110000 ‘Weided Boars Grade 400 8000 6000 22000 Design Member Moment Capacity 6M (kNm) +1000 800 600 400 Sena 200 Fama an ~ 100 ° 5 10 15 20 Effective Length L (rm) SEE "ASG: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL 55 ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.‘ge tin ‘ee ang em TABLE 5.3.3 WELDED COLUMNS GRADE 300 DESIGN MOMENT CAPACITIES FOR MEMBERS WITHOUT FULL LATERAL RESTRAINT bending about x-axis | ‘AISG: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL “VOLUME 1! OPEN SECTIONS. anbtirannserse erwea-t888Design Member Moment Capacity 6M, (kNm) 200 borwves-680 [abe cams Ge i] ee | 5 10 8 Effective Length L (m) ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL OF IME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.548 os ‘Bp He Nal at a) ine ease TABLE 5.3-4 WELDED COLUMNS: ‘GRADE 400 DESIGN MOMENT CAPACITIES FOR MEMBERS WITHOUT FULL LATERAL RESTRAINT. bending about x-axis ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME #: OPEN SECTIONS. era01860Design Member Moment Capacity $M, (kNm) eoedenenst | 200 ° 5 10 18 20 Effective Length Le (m) aa iN CAPACITY TABLES FO STRUCTURAL STEEL o0 {OPEN SECTIONSinaa| gl le BIG)8 2 jaa a8: eaziya| 7 2}] 558] aaa ETT oe ee ‘spre-x ynoge Guypueq ANIVELSaY TVEELVT TINd LNOHLIM SHIEWAWN HO S3LLOVaVO LNSWOW NOISIG oe savy ‘SWV3a TWSUaAINN seo meu a a 8 5-501000 ‘rivers Beams Grade 300 200 00 aa vol ietaaet | 200 20 eg 40 Design Member Moment Capacity ¢/_y (kN) 8 Yate ° 5 10 8 Effective Length Le (i) LES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL 61 ‘CAPACITY TABI petwwest608 “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.ee ETE am s]auyalea ee: Taare Ta on) na me ‘spre-x ynoge Bulpueg ANIVULSSY TVUBLVT TINd LNOHLIM SUBEW3W HOS SALLIOVAYO LNSWON NOISIG oes TEM orv9.1009 "AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1" OPEN SECTIONS. 5-52700 600 [maa me Som} | 200 Design Member Moment Capacity ¢M(kNm) (ases39) oH PF. 8) seater vause rote || ae eee ; ea ne ea ee ee Effective Length L, (m) aa sae casa Pale “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.‘outst anes e e ‘onary tna ee mu nee Ema ena A ele Uuojesaidwo9 uy e6u9y — nop ways ‘epce-x gnoqe BuIpuoq web y 00s aavu ‘SWV3E TVSHaAINN WOU 1nd Saal ees aM WnOG WLS etwi0-1800 ‘VOLUME #: OPEN SECTIONS. i i f ge i é i 5-54Uojssaidwoo ul ws — dn wes ‘spxe-x noge Bulpug ANIVULS3Y TVUBIVT TINd LNOHLIM SYABISW HOS SaLLIOVEVO INSWOW NOISSa oe savy ‘SWV3E TWSHAAINN HOw ino szaL. ieee eeema ee TEM : : 5Sea Ta eo ee ea — ‘spxe-x ynoge Bupusg, fo ANIVULSaY TWU3IVT THN LNOHLIM SEBEW3N HOS SALLIOVdYO LNSWON NOISIG ou ‘00s aavuo ‘SWVEa JONVT UsavL, oes 318M, Sao ue ne eon ‘spre-x ynoge Bupueq ANIVHLSaY TWHALVT TINd LNOHLIM SUIAWN HO S3LLIOVEVD LNSWOW NOIS3G 00s savup STANNVHO SONVTd THTIVEva ees Te. ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. 58to) tor on to ete wom f=] | =a] | bol Fame fF] AS | fh Hi WAL APT TY f | i aaa aT‘6G: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUGTURAL STEEL 588 ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. Dovivima860MEMBERS SUBJECT TO AXIAL COMPRESSION PAGE 6a General 6-2 62 Design Section Capacity in Axial Compression, 6-2 63 Design Member Capacity in Axial Compression 6-3 64 Effective Length, 4 65 Example. 65 66 References. 65 TABLES TABLES 6-1 to 6-12 Design Member Capactios in Axial Compression nn. 66 NOTE: SEE SECTION 2.1 FOR THE SPECIFIC MATERAL STANDARD REFERRED TO BY THE SECTION TYPE AND STEEL GRADE IN THESE TABLES. Comins ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL a ‘VOLUME 2: OPEN SECTIONS.MEMBERS SUBJECT TO AXIAL COMPRESSION 61 General Values ofthe design member capacity in compression (¢N%) for bucking about principal axes for ‘range of effective lengths (L) are given in Tables 6-1 to 6-12. The capacities are determined from ‘Section 6 of AS 4100. Many tables are supplemented by graphs of Ne versus L placed consec- Utvely ete the tables for each corresponding grade and section Alload are assumed tobe applied through the centroid ofthe section. The column capacity Is associated with flexural buckling ofthe member ‘The tables inthis section have been grouped into two sale: the (A) series forthe member buckling about the x-axis, and ~the (@) series fr the member bucking about the y-ais. ‘The (A) series tables and graphs are immediately folowed by the (B) series of tables and graphs 6.2 Design Section Capacity in Axial Compression ‘The design section capacity in compression (Nis obtained from Clause 6.2 of AS 4100 and ls ‘ven by: OMe = he Any whee = 09 (able 3.4 of AS 4100) ky = form factor (658 Section 3.2.2.3) ‘Ay = net area of the cross section ‘A, assuming no penetrations or holes fy = yield stress used in design (lor sections where the lange and web Yl stresses ty & fy) cfr, the lower value is applied to the entre cross-section in the above equation for Ne). ‘The design section eapacity considers the behaviour ofthe cross-section only (asin a stub column tect), and is affected by tha element slendomess of each plate eloment inthe crose-section, The form factor ik) represents tho proportion ofthe section thats effective in axial compression uo to local buckting. The design member capacity in compression (Section 6.8) accounts for farnongst other factors) overall member bucking for th elective lenath ofthe member. z ‘AISG: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ez ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. rn oe6.3 Design Member Capacity in Axial Compression ‘The design member capacity in axial compression ls obtained from Clause 6.3 of AS 4100 and Is ven by: OMe = te Me < ONE whee = 09 (Table. 24 of AS 4100) a= member slendemess reduction factor “The member slendomess reduction factor (t) depends on the modified member slendemoss (x) ‘and the member section constant (as). From Clause 6.3: of AS 4100: ee (es) +9 a(S) eI Ss) 1B) (=]s {a5 Rw hq tag om Gq = —2100 n= 13-6) _ WB 15.8 4, + 2050 n= 000326 @.-135)20 Le = effective length ofa compression member about the axis of bucking = radius of gration about the axis of buckling For routine desig the above equations need not be used. Table 6.3313 of AS 4100 should be con- sulted to obtain the valve of (a) decty from 2 and ay. [Note thatthe design member capacity equals the design section capacky fective length is 220 (Le =). “Table TE. lists values of ey forthe sections considered in these Tables. Ne = 4) when the ‘TABLE T6.: Valuoe of Member Section Constant (a) Section Residual Yiald Stendemess Stresses tuimit o~ hey Bat [mato WE Wo HW 35 fab) 14 Tanael_| 0 o UB, UC, TES HR. 45 (wob), 16 ffange)_| 0 o BEG HR 45 (usb), 16 ffangel| 0. 19. BI, CT HR —_|-45 (web), 16 flange) | 05 | 0 EA UR HE 16 flange) 05 | 10 ae ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL re “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.6.4 Effective Length ‘The values of $M are based on the effective fongth (L_) of the member. The effective length depends on the rotational and translational restraints atthe ends ofthe member ands determined, from the folowing formula: La bal, ‘Tho member effective length factor fa) (Clause 6.3.2 of AS 4100) can be determined using Ciause 4.6: of AS 4100 or by a rational frame bucking analysis (Cause 4.7 of AS 4100), is given in Figure 6.1 for members with idealised end restraints, For braced or sway members in frames, ke depends on the ratio (7) of the compression member stifness to the end restraint stifess, calculated at each end of the member. Example 2 of Section 4.3 provides a sample Calculation of ke fr a simple unbraced plane frame, raed Membar Pye] bp abd bd daa \ {PP a et a ' Vy if | 4 ‘Shape ! | \ \ | ' t fy Py t 74 seaig | = See tncemeneed op eee [conditions “= Rotation tee, ransiaton feed T= Potton tee, ransation ree Figure 6.1: Etfctive Length Factors for Members with Weslised Conelions of End Restraint ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME, ‘OPEN SECTIONS. orm me-10806.5 Example Design a Universal Colum, with a length of 5.81, In Grade 200 stee! to resist a design axial force, [NT = 850 kN. Assume that forx-axs bucking both ends are pinned (rotation fre, transaton fixed), \while for y-axis buckting one end is pinned and the other end is rotationally and transationally fed. = 850 kN Determine effective longths For x-axis buckling ke = 1.0 (Figure 6.1) lec hel = 10X88 = 58m 60m For yeas buckling ky = 0.85, (gure 6.1) Ly = hil = 085x58 = 493m =50m Select a member For bucking about the x-axis, the smallest member ie 2O0UC4E.2 oN, 140KN Lye = 6.0m) (Table €-6(A) ow Fr bucking about the y-axis 2OOUCHE2 My SKN ley= 5.0m) (Table 6-6(8) Nt 200x200x13EA ~ Grade 900 (40.0 kg/m) f= 1960 KN > Nt In each case there isa single tne of 26 mm holes (M24 bolts n one leg ofthe ange ‘Choose the 200%200x13EA - Grade 200 section because it is more economical based on mass. 7 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. Deorwsro 1088TABLE T7.t: Correction Factor) Se eee Configuration Case Correction Factor (i) 10.75 for Unequal Angles connected by ‘the Short Leg 0.85 Otherwise 10.78 for Unequal Angles connected by the Short Leg 0.85 Otherwise 085 0.90 ozst 08s 10 10 10 {IATHLFE (Other end connection provcing 10 Uniform force distroution Notes: ; Such connactiona for Channels and sections must ety Cause 7.2%) of AS #700 ‘Those connections must saisty Cie 7.21 of AS 00, "Tis coniguration not considered n Secton 7 of AS 4700. re eee Ae ove. 'AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ae ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. esTABLE 7-1 WELDED BEAMS GRADE 300 DESIGN SECTION CAPACITIES IN AXIAL TENSION with end connections to FLANGE and to WEB re paaaes| \BERESRS|RESEEE9 gauzaedieaanesg qi F a 7 = Vy}: Fe jsseead # |: ee Hl: esaueed inti Fe e ‘AIS DESIN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL Dorie: ‘SMe 1: OPEN SoCTABLE 7-2 WELDED BEAMS ‘GRADE 400 DESIGN SECTION CAPACITIES IN AXIAL TENSION ‘with end connections to FLANGE and to WEB Setwaso%6 en ey a Tn \geeesee SER8528 evter | wanoe "AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.Ld. ~/sanens pa ali go 23/35 x88 ge] a Yom & 2/8] Ia ag i 5 ie 5 Z% ill ; 2 ‘Va = i a rt 23/4 eal ob ili iu 232 37 |il ! 5 i qi moun 2 ely gousaeala B re it i ‘NSC: DESIGN CAPACITY: LES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL, boris TAB ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.5 3 yl iil! 238 o2/4 yoR a (2 wilh ine ill cc i z q 3 als E zi aue3nana| ee i ees rF paeanzed] «Hi ig 8 Hl ee: i aeaee B38 Be naeananaaneneslennecne 3 as eapgecnanataes 4 gistebskebeany i a Te nec orbon Rg PELE CORRUETIRAL STE Scream4 g WELDED COLUMNS GRADE 400 DESIGN SECTION CAPACITIES IN AXIAL TENSION with end connections to FLANGE only DESIGN SECTION CAPACITIES IN AXIAL TENSION with end connections to FLANGE and to WEB ‘cris 1998 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.= = NSN re | 2 arp | P a a BT ‘Fatt | emmy i TTA oe RT ma "Auo JON 1d ©} SUORDEULD PUP HM ‘83M 01 Pue FONT OF suoRoeUUED PUD YIM NNOISNEL TWDKY NI S2LIOVa¥O NOILO3S NOIS3Q NOISNAL WIXV NI SaLOve¥O NOLLO3S NOIS3C coe savup swvaa Twswannn Obes sev 6 318¥L ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. Parmionieea ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL. 740aa oot savuo @hL FTE. ‘Aue JONYIA 0} SuORDeUUED PUD YI NOISNAL TWIXV NI SaLLIOVEVO NOLLO3S NOISSG ‘SNWN09 TYSUBAINN ‘aM 0} Pue SONY 4 © SuoRDOWUCD Pus YM NOISNAL TVIXY NI SALLIOVaVO NOLLOAS NOISG rt ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS.aleeeiaa 38: 9) 9 EHR als: ‘aleeg g| aes|aa|sas|s si §]sns}as)naa|na| aT oss SAT tsa “Aue TONY A 01 SuoRDOUUCD PUD HIM NOISNAL TWIXV NI SaLLIOVA¥O NOWLO’S NOISIG ‘o0e savy ‘SWVaa TVSYAAINN WOU 1nd S331 = P-L STEVL ‘Auo gam 0 SuoR2eUUED PUS LM NOISNAL TIXY NI SaLLIOVd¥O NOWLO3S NDISza ove aavuo swvaa TwSanina WOud 1n9 Sz ere aeM roel o> ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL. ‘VOLUME ¥: OPEN SECTIONS. 712aN a Tea aT onan ‘Auo JONY 4 0} SuoRDeUUED PUD UyA ‘Avo gM 0} SuORD=UUOD Pu LRU NOISNALL TVIXY NI S3LLIOVaVO NOLLO3S NOISAG NOISNAL TWDXY NI SaLLIOVaVO NOLLOAS NOISIG 008 sav oe saveD ‘SNWuN109 TWSUBAINA WoUd 4nd SaaL ‘SNVINT09 TWSUAAINN WOU 1nd Saab ‘9b. STV Si-2 FTW. h 743 ‘ISG: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. 2 a E E‘83M 01 PUe GZDNVTA 0 suoRIeUUOD puD LAK NOISNAL TVIXY NI S3LLIOVavO NOLLOZS NOISIG emg ‘Ao BM 0} SuoRZeUNOD PUD LAL 8i-2 STL NOISNAL TWIXY I S3LLIOVaVO NOLLOAS NOISaa oe savy STANNVHO JONVI TaTTVUVE 2-2 SIM. 4 ore 1808 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. 714i Bae On| BRle jlHlexeerleneslene: Tamara] TH al TTT eyoene Bey eu0 NOISNAL TWIxv NI SaLLIOVaVO NOLLO’S NOISIa oe savup SaTONY Twn0a “Woes EM TAB ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL. ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. Dorwiie-to60Te TN Tw Poypene Boj Buo} NOISNAL TWDXv NI SaLLIOVa¥O NoLLOaS NoISaa 00s aavup ‘STONY TwnDaNN bed STEVE crrm9.1999 ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS 716MEMBERS SUBJECT TO COMBINED ACTIONS PAGE aa Gener 33 a2 Design for Combined Actions. 23 83 Combined Bending and Axial Compression... 4 aaa Compression and Uniaxial Bending - about the malor principal ¥en. 8-8 eata Section Capacity. 84 aa12 Manbe Capecy. v5 2313 Tables, les a2 Compression and Uni Bening about he minor pal ano 8S 3321 Section Capacity an 88 3322 Member Capac 2 86 3323 Tables. 26 233 Compression and Biaval Bending 86 333.41 Sectlon Capacty = 26 3332 Member Capacty = as) Bass “Tables, : : eT 4 ‘Combined Bending and Aaa Tension a7 84a ‘Tension and Uniaxial Bending - about the major principal x-axis. 8-7 Bata Section Capacity 8412 Member Capacity. 843 Tables. panes Panna 342 Tension and Uniaxial Bending ~ about the miner principal y-axis a8 424 Section Capacity. 38 8422 Tables... —— = cen 843 Tension and Biaxial Bending. 20 8434 Section Capacity. _ rec B aaa2 Member Capacity 89 aasa Tables. - 30 85 Biaxial Bending... x 2 sen 85a Section Capacity... : ‘B10 352 Member Capacty 2 ‘8-10 853 “Tables, - - “B40 86 Example ~ Braced Beam-Column on a7 Maximum Design Loads for Angles Subject to Bending 43 az General - = B13 a2 ‘Angles with Continuous Lateral Restraint. as 87a ‘Anglos without Continuous Lateral Restraint. ats 8 Eccentrically Loaded Single Angles in Trusses. ea 389 References. ase sen AS a ‘ASG: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL 3. ‘ihetiead ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. etTABLES TABLES 8.141 t0 61-12 Design Section Capacities TABLES 82-1 10.6.2.6 ‘Maximum Design Loads for Angles as Beams with Full Lateral Restraint TABLES 85-1 1083.6 Maximum Design Loads for Angles az Beams without Full Lateral Restraint TABLES 8.4-1 0.64.6 ‘Maxamum Design Loads for Eccentrically Loaded Single Angles in Tusses 816 826 234 a2 Tables 8.1-1 to 8.1-12 provide the information required to design members for combined actions. All relevant design section capacities in bending, compression, tension and shear are given as well as reduced design section moment capacities. These tables also provide ‘reference to the appropriate tables in Sections 5, 6 and 7 to determine design member capacities in bending, axial compression and axial tension. NOTE: SEE SECTION 2.1 FOR THE SPECIFIC MATERIAL ‘STANDARD REFERRED TO BY THE SECTION TYPE AND STEEL GRADE IN THESE TABLES aI ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. OTH SiMEMBERS SUBJECT TO COMBINED ACTIONS 8.1 General ‘The 6.1 series tables contain parameters which are used to design members aubject to combined actions in accordance with Section 8 of AS 4100. Tabs 8-1 to 8-12 lst design section capacities, ‘nd references to other tables fr checking interaction effects on member capacities ‘The design capacities considered inthe 6.1 Series Tabs include: Design Detniion Described in Capacity ‘Section No. oe desig section capacity in axial compression 62 aN design section capacity in axial tension 72. ‘Wax Mey_| design section moment capacity about x-and y-axis | 6224 ‘Wle(COmp) | $M reduced by axial Compression force e344 ‘Wie ttens) | icreduced by axial tension force B41 My (My reduced by axial force 8521, 6424 mw ‘design shear capacty of a web for bending about x-anis | 52.24 ‘Sections 6.7 and 8.8 respectively present methods for calculating maximum design loads for ‘angles as beams and as eccenvicaly loaded struts In russes, Tables 82-1 to 82-6, 83-1 to 83-6 ‘and 8.4-1 0 8.46 lst these maximum design loads. 8.2 Design for Combined Actions Sections 8.3 and 8.4 give the formulae for combined bending and axl compression and combined benging and axial tension respectively. Each ofthese sections consider uniaxial bending about the major principal x-axis, uniaxial bending about the minor principal y-axis and baxéal bending ‘Section 8.5 gves the interaction formulae for biaxial bending without axial forces In every case both the section capacity and the member capacity must be checked. For all cases of combined bending and axial force the designer should first ensure that the ‘ppropriate design axial capacity is greater than the design axial force (Le. @N > N'). ee ‘AISC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL primis 108 “VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. es)8.3 Combined Bending and Axial Compression In this section © £09 (fable 3.4 of AS 4100) ‘Max = design section moment capacity for bending about the malor principal x-axis ‘May = design section moment capacity for bending about the minor principal y-axis _ sign axial compressive force ‘Ne = design section capacity in compression ‘No, = design member capacity in compression, buckling about the x-axis ‘Ney = design member capacity in compression, buckling about the y-axis 8.3.1 Compression and Uniaxial Bending - about the major principal x-axis For a member subject to uniaxial bending about the malor principal x-axis and axl compression, the folowing concltion must be stistod Mi Sin foMas OM; Mod Where 6 =0.9 (Table 3.4 of AS 4100) Mi = design bending moment about the major principal x-axis ‘Ma. = design section moment capacity (¢M) for bending about the major principal x-axis ‘reduced by aval force (08 Saction 8.3.1.1) ‘9Max = design in-plane member moment capacty (gM) for bending about the major prin- pal x-as (see Section 8.1.21) ‘Moc = design out-of-plane member moment capacty (pM) for bending about the major brincipal x-axis (see Section 8.3.1 210) 83.1.1 Section Capacity ‘The val of @Mx must be determined at all points along the member and the minimum valve used to satisfy Section 8.2. ths = oi (1-20) (Clause 8.2.2 of AS 4100) ‘Altemativaly, for doubly symmetic I-sections, which are compact about the x-ax with ky = 1.0 subject to Bending and compression tie Het [AP co (ener 9 09 For doubly symmetic Fsections, which are compact about the x-axis wth k< 1.0 subject to bend ing and compression ose (fn (Clause 8.3.2 of AS 4100) Where ty =the elomant slandemess ofthe web (Cause 6.2.9 of AS 4100) se (where ty = mi “ie zea (REA = min ad ay = the web yleld slenderness iit (Table 62.4 of AS 4100) 45 for hot-rolled I-sctions considered in this publication, 5 for welded I-sections considered i this publication, ‘ISO: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUGTURAL STEEL a4 ‘VOLUME 1: OPEN SECTIONS. cra as83.1.2. Member Capacity ‘This section only applies to members analysed using an eastc method of analysis. Where thee is sufficient restraint to prevent lateral bucking, only the in-plane requirements of Sections 83.1.4 and 8.3.1.2 need tobe satisfied. there insufcient retvaln to prevent ateal bucking, then both the in-plene and out-of-plane requirements of Sections 8.3.1.1 and 8.3.1.2 need to be satstied (@)In-plane capacity Mi, (a) (ineen422 04840 For braced and sway members, the above value of Nexis calculated using an effective length ‘actor fa equal 01.0 (6 Le, =}, unless. lower value of ke, has been calculated for a braced member proved that N"< @Nox where the value of @N in this inequalty is calculated using the correct value of Kx (©) Out-of-plane capacity tas =e 1-2} (aime 0441 ot 300 here 6Mx = design member moment capacty for bending about the malor principal x-axi, Clauses 8.4.2.2 and 8.4.4.1 of AS 4100 also provides @ higher ter method for evaluating Mp. anc Max respectively which are dependent onthe ratio of the member's end bending moments. Due the variable nature of these end bending moments, the futher coneideraton ofthis higher tier method is beyond the scope of this publication. 83.1.3 Tables “Tables 8.11 106.112 st ¢Max Ne andl 6M, (come) - the ltr parameter refer to @Mx as noted in Seation 8.3.1.1. Designers should evaluate n= N'/9N,, then use i to calculate the value cf Mec ‘nd ensure that itis less than or equal tothe design section capacity Ma. The 8.1 series tables ‘so provide references to other tables (2.9. ¢Mpy Nex and @Na) to evaluate $M and Moy 8.3.2 Compression and Uniaxial Bending ~ about the minor Principal y-axis, Fora member subject to uniaxial bending about the minor principal y-exis and axlal compression, the folowing condition must be satisied: Mj min. (Md) Where} =0.9 (Table 2.4 of AS 4100) Mj = design bending moment about the minor principal y-axia {)My, = design section moment capacty (6M) for bending about the minor principal yraxis reduced by axial forea (208 Section 8.3.21) ‘My = design in-plane member moment capacity (@Mt) for bending about the minor Principal y-axis (see Section 8.32.2) ‘ASO: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL orvns-1999 VOLUME 1 OPEN SECTIONS. a8321 Section Capacity The value of diy must be determined at all points along the member and the minimum value is Used to satisty Section 8.3.2: ty =o (1-22) (iawn 83.3008 4100 ‘Alternatively, for doubly symmetric I-ssctions, which are compact about the y-axis subject to bend ing and compression: (a) 83.2.2 Member Capacity ‘This socton only apples to members analysed using an east method of analysis. For bending {bout the miner principal y-axis only the in-plane requirements need to be sated. (@) ln-plane capacity May = 1.196 May SMa, (Clause 8.3.3 of AS 4100) (Clause 8.4.22 of AS 4100) For braced and sway memibers, the above value of calculated using an effective length factor (fs) equal to 7.0. Loy = U), unless a lower value of kay has been calcuated fora braced member, Provided that N" siz, where the value of Ney in thie inequalty fs calculated using the eorect value of kay Clause 8.4.2.2 of AS 4100 also provides a higher tier method for evaluating My wich is depend tnt on the ratio ofthe member's end bending moments Duet the variable nature ofthese end end ing moments, the futher consideration of this higher ter mathod fs beyond the scope of ts pub caton, 8323 Tables ‘Tables 8.1-1 {0 8.112 Ist My, Ny and My. Designers should evaluate n = NV/¢Ms, then use it to calculate the value of ify and ensure that its less than or equal tothe design section capac 'y lay. The 8.1 series tables also provide references to other tables (09. (Na) to evaluate af, 8.3.3 Compression and Biaxial Bending For @ member subject to biaxial bending and axial compression, both the conditions defined in Sections 8.9.3.1 and 8.3.3.2 must be satsie. 83.3.1 Section Capacity NM: ON, a i, <1 (Clause 8.3.4 of AS 4100) a SSsSsSSsSSsSsFsFsSssssssssss ‘ASC: DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STAUCTURAL STEEL eS) VOLUME 1 OPEN SECTIONS Datsnten9‘Altematively, for doubly symmetric sections which are compact about both the x- and y-axes: (se) f ™, wwe y= 14 (Meo (Cause 8.84 of AS 4100) (Mn are iy are calculated using the ateratives presented in Sections 8.3.1.1 and 8.3.2.1. 83.3.2 Member Capacity (4) 42 es (Cause 845: of AS $100) we) * La ‘ where Mx = fesser of x aid a (888 Section 8.3.1.2) ‘and gy 's calculated using the alternative presented In Section 8.9.2.2. 83.3.3 Tables “Tables 01-1 108.1-12 lt Ne, Ma: and ¢Myy. As noted in Sections 8.3.1.3 and 8.3.23, the param- 408i My Mi Gly and Gg, can also be calculated from these tables. 8.4 Combined Bending and Axial Tension ln this section: © = 0.9 (Table 34 of AS 4100) ‘Mex = design section moment capacity for bending about the major principal x-axis (Mey = design sacton moment capacity for bending about the minor principal y-axis Nt = design axial tension fores ‘9M. = design section capacity in axial tension 8.4.1. Tension and Uniaxial Bending ~ about the major principal x-axis For a member subject to uniaxial bending about the major principal x-axis and axial tension, the fellowing conditions must be satisfed: Mi GM, Mn = Max = 90.9 kNm Mey = 28.6 x (1-40.0956") = 29.3 kN > May My = May = 24.9 kN ree esse (S:) mist es aN, wi)" [ Mi)" 450)" pe4oy ne (zi| {a -(33)"" 5(888)"* <0 (100%) “The above interaction equation was used asthe section fs compact about both x- and y-axes. (i) Member Capacity Check (Section 83.9.2) (ae) (a)

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