Design of High-Rise Reinforced Concrete Building

Design of High-Rise Reinforced
Concrete Building
Based on the 2012 IBC, ASCE 7-05, ASCE 7-10, ACI 318-11
(Equivalent lateral Force & Modal

Response Spectrum Analysis)
Using ETABS 2013

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

K70farouk@gmail.com +966548300819
3D Concrete Building 20 - Story

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk


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Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table of Contents
Chapter 1 - Introduction & Design Data
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Design data
1.2.1 Material Properties
1.2.2 Service Loads
1.2.3 Seismic design data
1.2.4 Wind design data
1.2.5 Member Dimensions
Chapter 2 - Seismic Load Analysis

2.1 Design basis
2.2 Fundamental period of vibration of the structure
2.3 Effective seismic weight
2.3.1 Weights at each floor level
1- Floor
2- Beams
3- Columns
4- Shear walls
5- Boundary elements
Chapter 3 - Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure

3.1 Design base shear (N-S) Direction
3.2 Vertical distribution of base shear (N-S) Direction
3.3 Design base shear (E-W) Direction
3.4 Vertical distribution of base shear (E-W) Direction
3.5 Lateral analysis
3.6 Modification of approximate period (N-S) Direction
3.7 Modification of approximate period (E-W) Direction
3.8 Revised design base shear (N-S) Direction
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Eng. Khaled Farouk

3.9 Revised design base shear (E-W) Direction

3.10 Story drift limitation
3.11 P- effects
3.11.1 Reduction in uniform Live Loads
3.12 redundancy factor,
Chapter 4 - Wind Load Analysis

4.1 Design basis
4.2 Wind Design Data
4.2-1 Basic wind speed, V, and wind directionality factor, Kd
4.2-2 Importance factor, I
4.2-3 Exposure category and velocity pressure coefficient, Kz
4.2-4 Topographic factor, Kzt
4.2-5 Gust effect factors, G and Gf
4.2-6 Enclosure classification
4.2-7 Internal pressure coefficient, GCpi
4.2-8 External pressure coefficient, Cp
4.2-9 Velocity pressure, qz
4.2-10 Wind force on the Roof Parapet
4.3 Design Wind Pressure & Floor Forces in (E-W) Direction
4.4 Design Wind Pressure & Floor Forces in (N-S) Direction
4.5 Design Wind Load Cases of MWFRS for Buildings of All Heights
Chapter 5 - Dynamic Analysis

5.1 Mode Shapes
5.2 Design base shear using static procedure
5.3 Scaling of elastic member forces for design

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

5.4 Scaling of Drifts

5.5 The Final Base Reaction from ETABS Model
5.7 P- effects
Chapter 6 - Load Combination

6. 1 Basic Load combination
6. 2 Seismic Load combination
6. 3 Final Load combination
6. 4 The Details of Load combination
6. 5 The Final Design Load Combinations
6. 6 Allowable Stress Load combination
6.7 Seismic Load combination
6. 8 The final Load combination
Chapter 7 - ETABS 2013 Model

7.1 Grid System Data
7.2 Define Materials
7.3 Define Materials (Beams)
7.4 Frame Properties (Beams)
7.5 Frame Properties (Columns)
7.6 Slab Properties
7.7 Wall Properties
7.8 Define Diaphragm
7.9 Pier Labels
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Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.10 Define Response Spectrum Functions

7.11 Define Mass Source
7.12 Preset P-Delta Options
7.13 Modal Cases
7.14 Define Load Patterns
7.15 ASCE 7-10 Seismic Loading (EQx)
7.16 ASCE 7-10 Seismic Loading (EQy)
7.17 Wind Load Pattern ASCE 7-10
7.18 Shell Uniform Load Sets (Roof)
7.19 Shell Uniform Load Sets (Typical)
7.20 Load Cases
7.21 Load Case Data (qx_dynamic)
7.22 Load Case Data (qy_dynamic)
7.23 Load Combinations (Working)
7.24 Load Combinations (Ultimate)
7.25 Concrete Frame Design Preferences for ACI 318-11
7.26 Design Load Combination Selection Concrete Frame Design
7.27 Shear Wall Design Preferences for ACI 318-11
7.28 Design Load Combination Selection Wall Design
7.29 Live Load Reduction Factor

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Chapter 1 - Introduction & Design Data
1.1 Introduction
A typical plan and section of a 20-story office building is shown in Figure 1. The
computation of wind and seismic forces according to the ASCE 7-10 is illustrated below.
Typical beams, columns and walls are designed and detailed for combined effects of
gravity, wind and seismic forces for Seismic Design Categories SDC C.
In the N-S and E-W directions, resistance to lateral forces is provide by a combination of
shear walls and frames acting together (dual system). A shear wall-frame interactive
system with special reinforced concrete moment frame and specially reinforced concrete
shear wall is used for SDC C (see ASCE 7-10 Table 12.2).
It is assumed that the bases of the lowest story segments are fixed. Although the member
dimensions in the following section are within the practical range, the structure itself is
hypothetical one, and has been chosen mainly for illustrative purpose.

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk


Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

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Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

1.2 Design Data

1.2.1 Material Properties
Concrete: fc=4,000 psi
All members are constructed of normal weight concrete (wc= 150pcf)
For Beams (h=24 in & h-ts= 16 in) so (wc= 150 x 16/24 = 100 pcf)
Reinforcement 60,000 psi
1.2.2 Service Loads:
Typical floor
Live load =50 psf
(ASCE Table 4-1)
Superimposed dead loads=30 psf (20 psf permanent partition +10 psf celling)
Roof (20th floor)
Live load =20 psf
(ASCE Table 4-1)
Superimposed dead loads=50 psf (30 psf machine loads +20 psf celling)
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Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

1.2.3 Seismic design data:

It is assumed that, at the site of the structure, the maximum considered earthquake spectral
response acceleration at short period, Ss=0.361g and that at 1-sec period, S1=0.07g,
TL = 6sec (TL is the long period)
Assume Risk Category II
(ASCE Table 1.5-1)
Seismic importance factor Ie=1.0
(ASCE Table 1.5-2)
Use site classD
(ASCE Table 20.3-1)
Site coefficient Fa=1.5112
(ASCE Table 11.4-1)
Site coefficient Fv=2.4
(ASCE Table 11.4-2)
Soil-modified Ss= SMS=Fa Ss
(ASCE Eq11.4-1)
=1.5112x0.361g=0.5455g
Soil-modified S1=SM1=Fv S1
(ASCE Eq 11.4-2)
=2.4x0.07g=0.168g
Design Spectral Response Acceleration Parameters (at 5% damping):
At short periods: SDS = 2/3 SMS/g
(ASCE Eq 11.4-3)
=2/3 x 0.5455 =0.3637

At 1-sec period: SD1 = 2/3 SM1/g
(ASCE Eq 11.4-4)
=2/3 x0.168 = 0.112

Seismic Design Category: Based on both SDS (ASCE Table11.6-1) and SD1 (ASCE Table
11.6-2), the seismic design category (SDC) for the example building is C.
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Eng. Khaled Farouk

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Eng. Khaled Farouk

1.2.4 Wind design data (assumed values):

Basic Wind Speed V=85 mph.
Exposure Category is C
Occupancy Category is II
Importance factor I=1
1.2.5 Member Dimensions:

Beams:
Exterior beams 16 x 24 in. (width=16in.)
Interior beams
24x24 in.
Columns:
Corner columns
24x24 in. (from base to the 8th floor)

20x20 in. (from the 8th floor to 16th floor)
Edge columns

Interior columns

Shear Walls:
16 in. thick. (from base to the 8th floor)

14 in. thick. (from the 8th floor to 16th floor)
12 in. thick. (from the 16th floor to 20th floor)
Shear Wall boundary elements

Slab: 8 in. thick.
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Concrete Building
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Chapter 2 - Seismic Load Analysis

2.1 Design basis
ASCE Table 12.6-1 prescribes the permitted analytical procedures: static (Section 12.8:
Equivalent Lateral Force Analysis) and dynamic (Section 12.9: Modal Response Spectrum
Analysis; Chapter 16: Seismic Response History Procedure). Whereas dynamic procedures
are permitted for any type of design, equivalent lateral force analysis is allowed for a certain
combination of structural occupancy, regularity and height.
In the E-W direction (dual system) & N-S direction (dual system):
Since the example building does not have any of the plan irregularities of ASCE Table 12.31 or vertical irregularities of ASCE Table 12.3-2, it can be considered regular (see ASCE
Section 12.3.2; note: it is shown later the first story is not a soft story). In order to determine
the appropriate analytical procedure that can be used for a building with no structural
irregularities. (ASCE Table 12.6-1), for buildings with SDC C, the equivalent lateral force
procedure may be used to compute the seismic base shear and distribution of that shear
along the height of the building (ASCE Section 12.6). However, for illustration purposes the
modal response spectrum analysis procedure (ASCE Section 12.9) is used in this example.
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Eng. Khaled Farouk

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Eng. Khaled Farouk

2.2 Fundamental period of vibration of the structure

Approximate period (Ta).
The fundamental period T is determined in accordance with ASCE 12.8.2. In lieu of a more
exact analysis, an approximate fundamental period Ta is computed by ASCE Eq. 12.8-7
In the (E-W) and (N-S) directions (dual system):

Approximate period parameter Ct = 0.02
(ASCE Table 12.8-2)
Approximate period parameter x = 0.75
(ASCE Table 12.8-2
Period Ta = Ct hnx = 0.02 x (255)0.75
20
= 1.276 sec.

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

2.3 Effective Seismic Weight

The effective seismic weight W as specified in ASCE Section 12.72.2 is the total dead loads
of the structure and that part of service loads that may expected to be attached to the
building. This consists of
25 percent of the reduced floor live loads for storage and warehouse occupancies. Live
load in public parking structured need not be included.
A minimum allowable of 10 Ib/ft2 for movable partition or the actual weight, whichever is
greater.
20 percent of flat roof snow loads exceeding 30 Ib/ft2
The total weight of the permanent equipments and fittings.
Roof and floor live loads, except as noted above, are not included in the value of W as they
are considered negligible by comparison with the dead loads. For movable partition, an
overall average value of 10 Ib/ft2 is adopted for seismic loads. For permanent walls that are
constructed of heavier materials, the actual weight of the walls shall be used. Freshly fallen
snow, not exceeding 30 Ib/ft2 has little effect on the seismic load as it tends to be shaken
off the roof in the initial phase of an earthquake. However, ice and compacted snow,
exceeding 30 Ib/ft2 may be expected to partially adhere to the roof and contribute to the
seismic load.
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Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

2.3.1 Weights at each floor level

Table 1 shows the dead loads at each floor. The dead loads are calculated as shown
below.
1- Floors:
1st to 19th floor
Slab thick. = 8 in. wc=150 pcf
Typical floor superimposed dead loads = 30 psf
Dead loads = (8/12) x150 + 30 = 130 psf
Weight/floor = 130 x 132 x 184 /1000 = 3157.44 kips
20th floor
Slab thick. = 8 in. wc=150 pcf
20th floor superimposed dead loads = 50 psf
Dead loads = (8/12) x150 + 50 = 150 psf
Weight = 150 x 132 x 184 /1000 = 3643.20 kips
2- Beams:
Exterior beams 16 x 24 in. (width=16in.)
Interior beams 24x24 in.
Beams at grid line 1 and 8 (from base to the 8th floor)

Beam length = 2(132- (24*2/12) - (32*4/12)) =234.667 ft.
W1= (16/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 234.667 /1000 =62.578 kips
Beams at grid line A and F (from base to the 8th floor)

Beam length = 2(184 - (24*2/12) - (32*6/12)) =328 ft.
W2= (16/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 328 /1000 =87.467 kips
Beams at grid line 2 to 7 (from base to the 8th floor)

Beam length = (6(132 - (24*2/12) - (40*4/12))) -2 (22.667) =642.666 ft.
W3= (24/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 733.333 /1000 =257.066 kips
Beams at grid line B to E (from base to the 8th floor)

Beam length = 4(184 - (24*2/12) - (40*6/12)) -2 (22.666) =594.666 ft.
W4= (24/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 594.666 /1000 =237.866 kips
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Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Beams at grid line 1 and 8 (from the 8th floor to 16th floor)
Beam length = 2(132- (20*2/12) - (28*4/12)) =238.667 ft.
W5= (16/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 238.667 /1000 =63.644 kips
Beams at grid line A and F (from the 8th floor to 16th floor)
Beam length = 2(184 - (20*2/12) - (28*6/12)) =333.333 ft.
W6= (16/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 333.333 /1000 =88.889 kips
Beams at grid line 2 to 7 (from the 8th floor to 16th floor)

Beam length = (6(132 - (20*2/12) - (36*4/12))) -2 (23) =654 ft.
W7= (24/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 654 /1000 =261.60 kips
Beams at grid line B to E (from the 8th floor to 16th floor)

Beam length = 4(184 - (20*2/12) - (36*6/12)) 2(23) =604.666 ft.
W8= (24/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 604.666 /1000 =241.866 kips
Beams at grid line 1 and 8 (from to 16th floor to 20th floor)

Beam length = 2(132- (16*2/12) - (24*4/12)) =242.666 ft.
W9= (16/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 189.333 /1000 =64.695 kips
Beams at grid line A and F (from to 16th floor to 20th floor)

Beam length = 2(184 - (16*2/12) - (24*6/12)) =338.667 ft.
W10= (16/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 338.667 /1000 =90.311 kips
Beams at grid line 2 to 7 (from to 16th floor to 20th floor)

Beam length = (6(132 - (16*2/12) - (32*4/12))) -2 (23.333) =665.334 ft.
W11= (24/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 665.334 /1000 =266.134 kips
Beams at grid line B to E (from to 16th floor to 20th floor)

Beam length = 4(184 - (16*2/12) - (32*6/12)) 2 (23.333) =614.666 ft.
W12= (24/12) x ((24-8)/12) x 150 x 614.666 /1000 =245.866 kips
3- Columns:
For 1st floor
The average floor height = (17.5+12.5)/2 = 15 ft.
For the corner columns w =4 ((24 x 24)/144) x 15 x150 /1000 = 36 kips
For the edge columns w =20 ((32 x 24)/144) x 15 x150 /1000 =240 kips
For the interior columns w =16 ((40 x 40)/144) x 15 x150 /1000 =400 kips
The total columns weights =676 kips
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For 2nd to 7th floor

The average floor height = (12.5+12.5)/2 = 12.5 ft.
For the corner columns w =4 ((24 x 24)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 = 30 kips
For the edge columns w =20 ((32 x 24)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 =200 kips
For the interior columns w =16 ((40 x 40)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 =333.333 kips
The total columns weights = 563.333 kips
For 8th floor

For the corner columns w =4 ((22 x 22)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 =25.208 kips
For the edge columns w =20 ((30 x 22)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 = 171.875 kips
For the interior columns w =16 ((38 x 38)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 = 300.833 kips
For 9th floor to 15th floor

For the corner columns w =4 ((20 x 20)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 = 20.833 kips
For the interior columns w =16 ((36 x 36)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 = 270 kips
For 16th floor

The total columns weights =379.583 kips

For the edge columns w =20 ((24 x 16)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 = 100 kips
For 20th floor

The average floor height = (12.5)/2 = 6.25 ft.
For the edge columns w =20 ((24 x 16)/144) x 6.25 x150 /1000 = 50 kips
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4- Shear Walls:
For 1st floor
w =4 ((16 /12) x 15 x150 x 22.667 /1000 = 272 kips

w =4 ((16 /12) x 12.5 x150 x 22.667 /1000) = 226.67 kips
For 8th floor

w =4 ((15 /12) x 12.5 x150 x0.5 (22.667+23) /1000) = 214.064 kips

w =4 ((14 /12) x 12.5 x150 x 23 /1000) = 201.25 kips
For 16th floor

w =4 ((13 /12) x 12.5 x150 x0.5 (23+23.333) /1000) = 188.228 kips

w =4 ((12 /12) x 12.5 x150 x 23.333 /1000) =175 kips
For 20th floor

w =4 ((12 /12) x 6.25 x150 x 23.333 /1000) =87.50 kips
5- Shear walls boundary elements:

For 1st floor
w =8 ((40 x 40)/144) x 15 x150 /1000 = 200 kips

w =8 ((40 x 40)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 = 166.666 kips
For 8th floor

w =8 ((38 x 38)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 = 150.416 kips
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Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk


w =8 ((36 x 36)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 = 135 kips
For 16th floor

w =8 ((34 x 34)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 = 120.416 kips

w =8 ((32 x 32)/144) x 12.5 x150 /1000 = 106.666 kips
For 20th floor

w =8 ((32 x 32)/144) x 6.25 x150 /1000 = 53.333 kips
Table 1 Summary floor weight

1st
2nd to 7th
Floors + SDead
3,157.440
3,157.440
Beams
644.977
644.977
644.977
Columns
676.000
563.333
Shear Walls
272.000
200.000
Boundary
Elements
26
8th
9th to 15th
16th
17th to 19th
20th
(Roof)
3,157.440
3,157.440
3,643.200
656.000
656.000
667.000
667.000
497.916
436.666
379.583
326.666
163.333
226.670
214.064
201.250
188.228
175.000
87.500
166.666
150.416
135.000
120.416
106.666
53.333
3,157.440 3,157.440
4,950.417 4,759.086 4,664.813 4,586.356 4,501.667 4,432.772 4,614.366

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Chapter 3 - Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure

3.1 Design base shear (E-W) & (N-S) Directions (ASCE Section 12.8.1)
Data:
SDS =0.3637 & SD1=0.112
S1= 0.07 g & R=7.0
Ie=1.0
& TL= 6 sec.
V= CS W
& Ta =1.276 sec
(ASCE Eq. 12.8 -1)
Where:
CS = SDS Ie / R
(ASCE Eq. 12.8 -2)
CS <= SD1 Ie / R T (for T<= TL)
(ASCE Eq. 12.8-3)
CS <= SD1 Ie TL / R T2
(for T> TL)
CS >= 0.044 SDS Ie >= 0.01

CS >= 0.5 S1 Ie / R
(ASCE Eq. 12.8-4)

(ASCE Eq. 12.8-5)
(where S1 >= 0.60 g)
(ASCE Eq. 12.8-6)
Approximate fundamental period, Ta (ASCE 12.8.2.1:

Ta = 1.276 sec
CS = SDS Ie / R = 0.3637 x 1.0 / 7 = 0.052
CS <= SD1 Ie / R T (for T<= TL) = 0.112 x 1.0 / (7 x 1.276) = 0.0125
CS <= SD1 Ie TL / R T2 (this equation not applied because Ta not bigger than TL)
Use CS = the minimum of (0.0125 & 0.052) use CS = 0.0125
Checking of CS minimum:
CSmin1 = 0.044 SDS Ie =0.044 x 0.3637 x 1.0 =0.016 & CSmin2 = 0.01
CSmin3= 0.5 S1 Ie / R
(where S1 >= 0.60 g) Not Applicable.
CSmin = max (0.016 & 0.01) = 0.016

The final value of CS = max (0.016 & 0.0125) = 0.016
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V = CS W (design base shear)

V= 0.016 W kips
where W is the effective weight
V = 0.016 x 92,688.587 = 1483.78 kips
3.4 Vertical distribution of base shear in both Directions

Distribute the base shear as follows:
k = 1+ 0.50 (T-0.5)
where k >= 1.0
k=1+0.5 (1.276 - 0.5) = 1.388 < 2.0
28
ok
and k <= 2.0

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 2 Lateral Forces by Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure

Using Approximate Period in (E-W) & (N-S) Directions
V=
29
1,483.780 kips
Floor
Level
Height
Weight
hx
Wx
ft
kips
20th
255.00
19th
wx hxk
T (sec.)= 1.276
K= 1.388
Lateral
Story
Force
Shear
F
V
kips
kips
4,614.366
10,101,592
166.078
166.078
242.50
4,432.772
9,050,140
148.791
314.869
18th
230.00
4,432.772
8,409,180
138.253
453.122
17th
217.50
4,432.772
7,781,599
127.935
581.057
16th
205.00
4,501.667
7,279,268
119.677
700.734
15th
192.50
4,586.356
6,796,067
111.732
812.466
14th
180.00
4,586.356
6,191,359
101.791
914.257
13th
167.50
4,586.356
5,602,738
92.113
1,006.370
12th
155.00
4,586.356
5,030,929
82.712
1,089.082
11th
142.50
4,586.356
4,476,750
73.601
1,162.684
10th
130.00
4,586.356
3,941,133
64.795
1,227.479
9th
117.50
4,586.356
3,425,156
56.312
1,283.791
8th
105.00
4,664.813
2,980,197
48.997
1,332.787
7th
92.50
4,759.086
2,549,930
41.923
1,374.710
6th
80.00
4,759.086
2,084,551
34.272
1,408.982
5th
67.50
4,759.086
1,646,634
27.072
1,436.054
4th
55.00
4,759.086
1,239,216
20.374
1,456.427
3rd
42.50
4,759.086
866,418
14.245
1,470.672
2nd
30.00
4,759.086
534,279
8.784
1,479.456
1st
17.50
4,950.417
263,014
4.324
1,483.780
92,688.587 90,250,148
1,483.780

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

3.5 Lateral analysis

A three-dimensional analysis was performed under the design seismic data, using ETABS
2013 computer program. In ETABS model, rigid diaphragms were assigned at each level.
To account for accidental torsion, the mass at each level was assumed to be displaced
from the center of mass by distance equal to 5% of the building dimension perpendicular to
direction of force (ASCE Section 12.8.4.2).
Rigid offsets were included at the ends of each beam so that beam forces were
automatically obtained at the faces of each support.
According to ASCE Section 12.7.3, the mathematical model must consider cracked section
properties. The stiffness of members used in the analysis were as follows:
For columns and shear walls, Ieff = 0.70 Ig
For beams, Ieff = 0.35 Ig
For edge beam the beam is L section, Ieff= 0.35 Ig x 1.5 =0.525 Ig
For interior beam the beam is T section, Ieff= 0.35 Ig x 2.0 =0.70 Ig
The lateral displacement of the example building computed by ETABS program as shown in
Table 3 (E-W) direction & Table 4 (N-S) direction
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Table 3 Calculation of Period by Rational Method

Equivalent Lateral Procedure
Using Approximate Period in ETABS Model (E-W) Direction
Floor
Level
Weight
Lateral Force
Displacement
wx x2
Wx
kips
kips
in
kips-in 2
kips-in
20th
4,614.37
166.078
3.562
58,538.93 591.53
19th
4,432.77
148.791
3.395
51,085.08 505.11
18th
4,432.77
138.253
3.219
45,933.15 445.04
th
4,432.77
127.935
3.036
40,867.05 388.45
16th
4,501.67
119.677
2.845
36,430.13 340.45
15th
4,586.36
111.732
2.648
32,171.16 295.92
14th
4,586.36
101.791
2.446
27,436.57 248.97
13th
4,586.36
92.113
2.237
22,958.64 206.09
th
4,586.36
82.712
2.024
18,791.96 167.43
11th
4,586.36
73.601
1.808
14,991.73 133.07
10th
4,586.36
64.795
1.591
11,607.65 103.08
9th
4,586.36
56.312
1.375
8,676.05
77.45
8th
4,664.81
48.997
1.164
6,322.16
57.04
7th
4,759.09
41.923
0.961
4,396.20
40.29
th
4,759.09
34.272
0.766
2,790.52
26.24
5th
4,759.09
27.072
0.583
1,617.85
15.78
4th
4,759.09
20.374
0.417
827.59
8.50
3rd
4,759.09
14.245
0.271
350.51
3.87
2nd
4,759.09
8.784
0.151
109.10
1.33
1st
4,950.42
4.324
0.061
18.32
0.26
92,688.59
1,483.78
385,920
3,656
17
12
32
Fx x

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4 Calculation of Period by Rational Method

Equivalent Lateral Procedure
Using Approximate Period in ETABS Model (N-S) Direction
Floor Level
Weight
Lateral Force
displacement
wx x2
Wx
kips
kips
in
kips-in 2
kips-in
20th
4,614.37
166.078
3.180
46,675.67
528.20
th
4,432.77
148.791
3.032
40,760.53
451.19
18th
4,432.77
138.253
2.876
36,670.12
397.64
17th
4,432.77
127.935
2.714
32,646.88
347.20
16th
4,501.67
119.677
2.543
29,119.50
304.38
15th
4,586.36
111.732
2.369
25,728.85
264.64
14th
4,586.36
101.791
2.188
21,953.55
222.70
th
4,586.36
92.113
2.002
18,379.84
184.40
12th
4,586.36
82.712
1.812
15,051.29
149.84
11th
4,586.36
73.601
1.618
12,012.98
119.12
10th
4,586.36
64.795
1.424
9,305.21
92.29
9th
4,586.36
56.312
1.232
6,957.79
69.36
8th
4,664.81
48.997
1.043
5,071.85
51.09
7th
4,759.09
41.923
0.861
3,527.25
36.09
6th
4,759.09
34.272
0.686
2,239.18
23.51
th
4,759.09
27.072
0.522
1,298.23
14.14
4th
4,759.09
20.374
0.374
664.05
7.61
3rd
4,759.09
14.245
0.243
281.15
3.46
2nd
4,759.09
8.784
0.136
87.48
1.19
1st
4,950.42
4.324
0.054
14.64
0.24
92,688.59
1,483.78
308,446
3,268
19
13
33
Fx x

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

3.6 Modification of approximate period (E-W) Direction

The use of period by the approximate method (ASCE Section 12.8.2.1) often results in a
conservative design. It is appropriate to use a more rational method for computation of
period to reduce the design forces. However, the modified period must not exceed the
approximate period by a factor larger than the CU coefficient given in ASCE Table 12.8-1.
The Rayleigh-Ritz procedure, given by the following equation, is used for rational period
determination:
T=2 (wi i 2 / g fi I )
(NEHRP Commentary 4 Section 5.2.2)
Where g = 32.174 ft /sec2

g = 386.08 in/sec2
T= 2 (385,920 / (386.08 x 3,656))1/2 = 3.285 sec.
CU= 1.676
(ASCE Table 12.8-1)
1.676 Ta = 1.676 (1.276) =2.139 sec.

Use the min of (2.139 & 3.285) Use T = 2.139 sec.
34

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

3.7 Modification of approximate period (N-S) Direction

The use of period by the approximate method (ASCE Section 12.8.2.1) often results in a
conservative design. It is appropriate to use a more rational method for computation of
period to reduce the design forces. However, the modified period must not exceed the
approximate period by a factor larger than the CU coefficient given in ASCE Table 12.8-1.
The Rayleigh-Ritz procedure, given by the following equation, is used for rational period
determination:
T=2 (wi i 2 / g fi I )
(NEHRP Commentary 4 Section) 5.2.2
Where g = 32.174 ft /sec2

g = 386.08 in/sec2
T= 2 (308,446 / (386.08 x 3,268))1/2 = 3.016 sec.
CU= 1.676
(ASCE Table 12.8-1)
1.676 Ta = 1.676 (1.276) =2.139 sec.

Use the min of (3.106 & 2.139)
Use T = 2.139 sec.
3.8 Revised design base shear (E-W) & (N-S) Directions

Using the modified period T=2.139 sec, the design base shear is recalculated
Data:
SDS =0.3637 & SD1=0.112
S1= 0.07 g & R=7.0
Ie=1.0
& TL= 6 sec.
V= CS W
& T =2.139 sec
Where:
CS = SDS Ie / R
35
(ASCE Eq. 12.8 -2)

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

CS <= SD1 Ie / R T (for T<= TL)
(ASCE Eq. 12.8-3)
CS <= SD1 Ie TL / R T2
(ASCE Eq. 12.8-4)
(for T> TL)
CS >= 0.044 SDS Ie >= 0.01

CS >= 0.5 S1 Ie / R
(where S1 >= 0.60 g)
(ASCE Eq. 12.8-5)

(ASCE Eq. 12.8-6)
The modified period, T = 2.139 sec

CS = SDS Ie / R = 0.3637 x 1.0 / 7 = 0.052
CS <= SD1 Ie / R T (for T<= TL) = 0.112 x 1.0 / (7 x 2.139) = 0.0075
CS <= SD1 Ie TL / R T2 (this equation not applied because Ta not bigger than TL)
Use CS = the minimum of (0.052 & 0.0075) use CS = 0.0075
Checking of CS minimum:
CSmin1 = 0.044 SDS Ie =0.044 x 0.3637 x 1.0 =0.016
CSmin2 = 0.01
CSmin3= 0.5 S1 Ie / R
(where S1 >= 0.60 g) Not Applicable.
CSmin = max (0.016 & 0.01) = 0.016

The final value of CS = max (0.016 & 0.0075) = 0.016
V = CS W (design base shear)
V= 0.016 W kips
where W is the effective weight
V = 0.016 x 92,688.59 = 1483.78 kips

The value of CS is equal in case of approximate of time period and rational method, no
need to recalculate the design base shear.
36

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk


The lateral displacement at every floor level (xe) are shown in Table 6 & 7. The maximum
inelastic response displacement (x) and drift are computed.
x is calculated as per ASCE Section 12.8.6:
x = Cd (xe) / Ie
(ASCE Eq. 12.8-15)
According to ASCE Section 12.12.1, the calculated story drift, , as shown in Table 6 & 7
shall not exceed 0.02 times the story height (ASCE Table 12.12-1 for all other building Risk
Category I and II)
Floor
Maximum allowable drift
1st
0.02 x 17.5 ft x 12 = 4.2 in.
Typical
0.02 x 12.5 ft x 12 = 3.0 in.
Floor
1st
0.02 x 17.5 ft x 12 = 4.2 in.
Typical
37
0.02 x 12.5 ft x 12 = 3.0 in.
Largest drift (Table 5)

> 0.341 in.
> 1.272 in.
O.K.
O.K.

> 0.305 in.
> 1.136 in.
O.K.
O.K.

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

38

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 5 Lateral Displacement and Drifts (E-W) direction

by Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure
Floor Level
xe
Cd
3
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
in
4
20.851
19.849
18.795
17.700
16.554
15.383
14.176
12.940
11.680
10.408
9.137
7.881
6.656
5.483
4.358
3.310
2.361
1.533
0.853
0.341
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
39
in
2
3.791
3.609
3.417
3.218
3.010
2.797
2.578
2.353
2.124
1.892
1.661
1.433
1.210
0.997
0.792
0.602
0.429
0.279
0.155
0.062
Drift
in
5
1.002
1.054
1.095
1.146
1.171
1.206
1.237
1.259
1.272
1.271
1.256
Maximum
in
6
1.272
1.225
1.173
1.125
1.048
0.949
0.829
0.680
0.511
0.341
0.341

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 6 Lateral Displacement and Drifts (N-S) direction

by Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure
Floor Level
xe
Cd
3
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
in
4
18.617
17.729
16.792
15.819
14.799
13.755
12.680
11.577
10.452
9.316
8.180
7.057
5.961
4.910
3.903
2.965
2.115
1.373
0.763
0.305
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
40
in
2
3.385
3.223
3.053
2.876
2.691
2.501
2.305
2.105
1.900
1.694
1.487
1.283
1.084
0.893
0.710
0.539
0.385
0.250
0.139
0.055
Drift
in
5
0.888
0.937
0.973
1.020
1.043
1.075
1.103
1.124
1.136
Maximum
in
6
1.136
1.136
1.123
1.096
1.050
1.007
0.938
0.850
0.742
0.609
0.458
0.305
0.305

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

3.11 P- effects
According to ASCE Section 12.8.7, P- effects on story shear and moments, the resulting
member forces and moments, and story drifts induced by these effects need not be
considered when the stability coefficient, as determined by the following formula, is equal
to or less than 0.10:
PxIe/ Vx hsx Cd (ASCE Eq. 12.8-16)
Where:
Px = the total unfactored vertical force
= accumulation of (DL + reduced LL)
the design story drift
Vx = the seismic shear force acting between level x and x-1
hsx = the story height below level x
Cd = the deflection amplification factor
Ie = importance factor
The stability coefficient must not exceed max, which is determined by ASCE Eq. 12.8.17
max = 0.5 / Cd) = 0.5 / 5.5 = 0.0909
Where is the ratio of shear demand to shear capacity between level x and x-1, which may
conservatively be taken equal to 1.0 when it is not calculated.
In lateral analysis perform using the ETABS computer program; the P- effects are
included. However, for illustration purpose, the stability coefficient is calculated as shown in
Table 9 for both direction. As shown the maximum stability coefficient 0.07 is less than
0.10 and max =0.0909, the P- not required.
41

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

3.11.1 Reduction in uniform Live Loads

(Floor Live Loads)
(ASCE 4.7.2)
L=Lo (0.25 + (15 / (KLL AT)1/2)
ASCE Eq. 4.7-1
Where
L = reduced design live load per ft2
Lo =unreduced design live load per ft2
KLL = Live load element factor
ASCE Table 4-2
AT = tributary area ft2
L shall not be less than 0.50 Lo for members supporting one floor and L shall not be less
than 0.40 Lo for members supporting two or more floors
42

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

For 19th floor

L=Lo (0.25 + (15 / (KLL AT)1/2)
ASCE Eq. 4.7-1
Where
Lo = 50 psf
KLL = 1.0
ASCE Table 4-2
AT = 184 x 132 = 24,288 ft2

L=50 (0.25 + (15 / (24,288)1/2) = 17.31 psf (less than the minimum value = 0.5 x 50 = 25psf)
floor support one floor
Use L = 25 psf
For 18th floor

L=Lo (0.25 + (15 / (KLL AT)1/2)
ASCE Eq. 4.7-1
Where
Lo = 50 psf
KLL = 1.0
ASCE Table 4-2
AT = 184 x 132 x 2 = 48,576 ft2

L=50 (0.25 + (15 / (48,576)1/2) = 15.90 psf less than the minimum value = 0.4 x 50 = 20psf
floor support more than one floor
Use L = 20 psf
use this value for all below stories
(Roof Live Loads)
(ASCE 4.8.2)
Lr=Lo R1 R2
ASCE Eq. 4.8-1
Where
R1 = 0.60 For AT >= 600 ft2
R2 = 1.0 Flat Roof
Lr=20 x 0.60 x 1.0 = 12 psf
43

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

44

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 7 Reduction in Uniform Live Loads

Floor
Level
45
Area
KLL
ft2
3
Area
Accum.
ft2
4
Lo
Reduced
%
psf
7
20th
24,288
24,288
20
0.600
12
19th
24,288
48,576
50
0.500
25
18th
24,288
72,864
50
0.400
20
17th
24,288
97,152
50
0.400
20
16th
24,288
121,440
50
0.400
20
th
15
14th
24,288
24,288
145,728
170,016
1
1
50
50
0.400
0.400
20
20
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
194,304
218,592
242,880
267,168
291,456
315,744
340,032
364,320
388,608
412,896
437,184
461,472
485,760
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Reduced
psf
8

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 8 Calculation of Px in (E-W) & (N-S) Directions

Floor
Level
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
46
Area
ft2
3
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
24,288
Area
Cum
ft2
4
24,288
48,576
72,864
97,152
121,440
145,728
170,016
194,304
218,592
242,880
267,168
291,456
315,744
340,032
364,320
388,608
412,896
437,184
461,472
485,760
DL
kips
5
4,614
4,433
4,433
4,433
4,502
4,586
4,586
4,586
4,586
4,586
4,586
4,586
4,665
4,759
4,759
4,759
4,759
4,759
4,759
4,950
92,688.59
DL
Cum
kips
6
4,614
9,047
13,480
17,913
22,414
27,001
31,587
36,173
40,760
45,346
49,932
54,519
59,184
63,943
68,702
73,461
78,220
82,979
87,738
92,689
LL
Px
Reduced
psf
8
12
25
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
kips
9
4,906
10,262
14,937
19,856
24,843
29,915
34,987
40,059
45,132
50,204
55,276
60,348
65,499
70,743
75,988
81,233
86,478
91,723
96,968
102,404

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 9 Calculation of Stability Coefficient (E-W) & (N-S) Directions

Floor
Level
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
47
Height
hx
ft
Px
Story Shear
kips
Vx
kips
2
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
17.50
3
4,906
10,262
14,937
19,856
24,843
29,915
34,987
40,059
45,132
50,204
55,276
60,348
65,499
70,743
75,988
81,233
86,478
91,723
96,968
102,404
4
166
315
453
581
701
812
914
1,006
1,089
1,163
1,227
1,284
1,333
1,375
1,409
1,436
1,456
1,471
1,479
1,484
(E-W) Direction
(N-S) Direction
Drift
in
5
1.002
1.054
1.095
1.146
1.171
1.206
1.237
1.259
1.272
1.271
1.256
1.225
1.173
1.125
1.048
0.949
0.829
0.680
0.511
0.341
Drift
in
5
0.888
0.937
0.973
1.020
1.043
1.075
1.103
1.124
1.136
1.136
1.123
1.096
1.050
1.007
0.938
0.850
0.742
0.609
0.458
0.305
6
0.036
0.042
0.044
0.047
0.050
0.054
0.057
0.061
0.064
0.067
0.069
0.070
0.070
0.070
0.068
0.065
0.060
0.051
0.041
0.020
6
0.032
0.037
0.039
0.042
0.045
0.048
0.051
0.054
0.057
0.059
0.061
0.062
0.063
0.063
0.061
0.058
0.053
0.046
0.036
0.018

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

3.12 redundancy factor, (ASCE Section 12.3.4)

Use = 1 (the configuration of this building qualifies for a factor of 1.0, according to ASCE
Section 12.3.4.2)
48

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Chapter 4 - Wind Load Analysis
4.1 Design basis

According to ASCE 7-05, wind forces shall be determined in accordance with Chapter 6 of
ASCE 7. Since the building has a mean roof height greater than 60 ft, the Simplified
Procedure (Method 1) of ASCE 6.4 cannot be used to determine the wind forces.
The example building is regular shaped by the definition in ASCE 6.2 i.e., it has no unusual
geometrical irregularity in spatial form. Also, the building does have response characteristic
making it subject to across-wind loading, vortex shedding, or instability due to galloping or
flutter. It is assumed that the site location is such that channeling effects or buffeting in the
wake of upwind obstruction need not be considered. Thus, the Analytical Procedure
(Method 2) of ASCE 6.5 may be used to determine the wind forces.
4.2 Design Procedure

The design procedure outlined in ASCE 6.5.4. is used to determine the wind forces on the
building in both the (E-W) & (N-S) directions.
4.2-1 Basic wind speed, V directionality factor, Kd
Basic Wind Speed V=85 mph. The wind directionally factor Kd is equal to 0.85 for
main wind-force resisting systems of building as per ASCE Table 6-4 when load
combination specified in ASCE 2.3 and 2.4 are used.
4.2-2 Importance factor, I
As noted earlier, I is equal to 1.0, ASCE Table 6-1for Occupancy Category II in
hurricane-prone regions with V= 85 mph.
49

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

4.2-3 Exposure category and velocity pressure coefficient, Kz

According to ASCE 6.56.6, values of Kz are to be determined form ASCE Table 6-3.
In lieu of linear interpolation, Kz may be calculated at any height z above ground
level by the equations given at the bottom of ASCE Table 6-3:
2.01 (15/zg)2/
for z < 15 ft
Kz =
2.01 (z/zg)2/
for 15 ft < z < zg
Where = 3-second gust power law exponent from ASCE Table 6-2
= 9.5 for Exposure C
zg = nominal height of the atmospheric boundary layer from ASCE Table 6-2
= 900 ft for Exposure C
Values of Kz are summarized in Table 4-1 at the various story heights for the example:
50

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4-1 Velocity Pressure

Exposure Coefficient Kz
Floor Level
x
1
parapet
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
51
Height
hx
ft
2
261.00
255.00
242.50
230.00
217.50
205.00
192.50
180.00
167.50
155.00
142.50
130.00
117.50
105.00
92.50
80.00
67.50
55.00
42.50
30.00
17.50
zg
Kz
3
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
3
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
3
1.55
1.54
1.53
1.51
1.49
1.47
1.45
1.43
1.41
1.39
1.36
1.34
1.31
1.28
1.25
1.21
1.17
1.12
1.06
0.98
0.88

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

52

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

4.2-4 Topographic factor, Kzt

The topographic factor is to be determined in accordance with ASCE 6.5.7, Eq. 6-3.
Assuming the example building is situated on level ground and not on a hill, ridge, or
escarpment, Kzt is equal to 1.0
4.2-5 Gust effect factors, G and Gf

Effects due to wind gust depend on whether a building is rigid or flexible (ASCE
6.5.8). A rigid building has a fundamental natural frequency n 1 greater than or equal
1Hz, while a flexible building has a fundamental natural frequency less than 1Hz
(ASCE 6.2).
Some empirical relationships for building period Ta (Ta =1/ n1) are available in the
earthquake chapter of ASCE 7 (Section 12.8.2). However, it is noteworthy that these
expressions are based on recommendation for earthquake design with inherent bias
toward higher estimates of fundamental frequencies. For wind design applications
theses values may be un-conservative because an estimated frequency higher than
the actual frequency would yield lower values of the gust effect factor and
concomitantly a lower design wind pressure. ASCE C 6.5.8 gives some approximate
equations to calculate fundamental frequency for the preliminary design stages. Note
that most computer code used in analysis of structures can provide more accurate
estimates of the natural frequencies of the structure being analyzed. For this
example building, the computer analysis shows that in the (E-W) & (N-S) directions
53

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

where the lateral-force-resisting system is a reinforced concrete shear wall-frame

interactive system, the building fundamental frequency n1 = 0.784 Hz
Since n1 < 1.0 Hz, the building is considered flexible in both directions.
Therefore, the building is considered flexible in both directions and the gust effect
factor Gf must be computed in accordance with ASCE Eq. 6-8
54

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

** Calculation Gf in (E-W) direction B = 184 ft & L = 132 ft
= (0.925)
1+(1.7 x 0.155) (3.4 2 x 0.8222 )+(4.1312 x 0.1182 )

1+(1.7 x 3.4 x 0.155)
Where gQ = gV = 3.4
(ASCE Section 6.5.8.1)
gR =2ln(36001) + 0.577 /(2ln(36001)
n1 =0.784
gR =4.131
(ASCE Eq. 6.9)
Iz (bar) = intensity of turbulence at height z
55
= 0.853 use = 0.86

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

= c (33/z)1/6 = 0.2 (33/153)1/6 = 0.155

(ASCE Eq. 6-5 and Table 6-2 for Exposure C)
z(bar) = 0.6 h = 0.6 x 255 = 153 ft > zmin = 15 ft (Table 6-2 for Exposure C)
Q = background response
(ASCE Eq. 6-6)
1
1+0.63(+)
0.63
1
1+0.63(184+255)
0.63
= 0.822
679.53
Lz (bar) = integral length scale of turbulence at equivalent height

= l (z/33) = 500 (153/33)1/5 = 679.53 ft.
The resonant response factor R is computed from:
1
= (0.53 + 0.47 )
= 0.03 0.0495 0.105 0.143 (0.53 + 0.47 0.0623) = 0.118 (Eq. 6-10)
Where = damping ratio (assumed to be 0.03)
Rn = 7.47 N1 /(1+10.3 N1)5/3 = 7.47 x 5.192 / (1+ 10.3 x 5.192 )5/3 = 0.0495 (Eq. 6-11)
N1 = reduced frequency
= n1 Lz bar / Vz = 0.784 x 679.53 / 102.604 = 5.192 (Eq. 6-12)
Vz = mean hourly wind speed at height z
= b(bar) (z bar /33) V(88/60) = 0.65 (153/33)1/6.5 x 85 (88/60) = 102.604 ft/sec
(Eq. 6-14 and Table 6-2 for Exposure C)
Rh = (1/h) (1/ 2h2) (1-e-2h)
= (1/) (1/ 2x) (1-e-2x) = 0.105 (Eq. 6-13a)
h = 4.6 n1 h / Vz = 4.6 x 0.784 x 255 / 102.604 = 8.963
RB = (1/B) (1/ 2B2) (1-e-2B)
56

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

= (1/6.467) (1/ 2x6.467) (1-e-2x) = 0.143 (Eq. 6-13a)

B = 4.6 n1 B / Vz = 4.6 x 0.784 x 184 / 102.604 = 6.467
RL = (1/L) (1/ 2L2) (1-e-2L)
= (1/15.533) (1/ 2x15.533) (1-e-2x) = 0.0623 (Eq. 6-13a)
L = 15.4 n1 L / Vz = 15.4 x 0.784 x 132 / 102.604 = 15.533
** Calculation Gf in (N-S) direction L = 184 ft & B = 132 ft
= (0.925)
1+(1.7 x 0.155) (3.4 2 x 0.8332 )+(4.1312 x 0.1422 )

1+(1.7 x 3.4 x 0.155)
Where gQ = gV = 3.4
= 0.859 use = 0.86
(ASCE Section 6.5.8.1)
gR =2ln(36001) + 0.577 /(2ln(36001)
n1 =0.784
gR =4.131
(ASCE Eq. 6.9)
Iz (bar) = intensity of turbulence at height z

= c (33/z)1/6 = 0.2 (33/153)1/6 = 0.155
z(bar) = 0.6 h = 0.6 x 255 = 153 ft > zmin = 15 ft (Table 6-2 for Exposure C)
Q = background response
(ASCE Eq. 6-6)
1
1+0.63(+)
0.63
1
1+0.63(132+255)
0.63
= 0.833
679.53
Lz (bar) = integral length scale of turbulence at equivalent height

= l (z/33) = 500 (153/33)1/5 = 679.53 ft.
57

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

The resonant response factor R is computed from:

1
= (0.53 + 0.47 )
0.03
0.0495 0.110 0.20 (0.53 + 0.47 0.0472) = 0.142 (Eq. 6-10)
Where = damping ratio (assumed to be 0.03)

Rn = 7.47 N1 /(1+10.3 N1)5/3 = 7.47 x 5.192 / (1+ 10.3 x 5.192)5/3 = 0.0495 (Eq. 6-11)
N1 = reduced frequency
= n1 Lz bar / Vz = 0.784 x 679.53 / 102.604 = 5.192 (Eq. 6-12)
Vz = mean hourly wind speed at height z
= b(bar) (z bar /33) V(88/60) = 0.65 (153/33)1/6.5 x 145 (88/60) = 175.03 ft/sec
(Eq. 6-14 and Table 6-2 for Exposure C)
Rh = (1/h) (1/ 2h2) (1-e-2h)
= (1/) (1/ 2x) (1-e-2x) = 0.110 (Eq. 6-13a)
h = 4.6 n1 h / Vz = 4.6 x 0.784 x 255 / 102.604 = 8.551
RB = (1/B) (1/ 2B2) (1-e-2B)
= (1/) (1/ 2x) (1-e-2x) = 0.20 (Eq. 6-13a)
B = 4.6 n1 B / Vz = 4.6 x 0.784 x 132 / 102.604 = 4.427
RL = (1/L) (1/ 2L2) (1-e-2L)
= (1/) (1/ 2x) (1-e-2x) = 0.0472 (Eq. 6-13a)
L = 15.4 n1 L / Vz = 15.4 x 0.784 x 184 / 102.604 = 20.657
4.2-6 Enclosure classification

It is assumed in this example that the building is enclosed as pre ASCE 6.5.9.
58

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

4.2-7 Internal pressure coefficient, GCpi

According to ASCE 6.5.11.1, internal pressure coefficient are to be determined from
ASCE Figure 6-5, based on building enclosure classification. Assume that the
building in a wind-borne debris region, and that the glazing in the bottom 60 ft of the
building is impact resistant (ASCE 6.5.9.3). Therefore, for an enclosed building, GCpi
= +- 0.18 (plus or minus).
59

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

4.2-8 External pressure coefficient, Cp

External pressure coefficient for main wind force resisting are given in ASCE Figure
6-6 for this example building.
For wind in the (E-W) direction:
As per ASCE Figure 6-6
Windward wall: Cp = 0.8
Leeward wall (L/B = 132/184 = 0.717): Cp= -0.50
Side wall: Cp = -0.70
Roof (h/L = 255/132 = 1.931):
Cp = -1.3 over entire roof (h/2 = 127.5) it is nearly equal building width.
Area = 184 x 127.5 = 23,460 ft2 > 1000 ft2, we can use reduction factor =0.80
The final Cp = -1.3 x 0.8 = -1.04
60

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

For wind in the (N-S) direction:

As per ASCE Figure 6-6
Windward wall: Cp = 0.8
Leeward wall (L/B = 184/132 = 1.393):
Cp= -0.5 for L/B = 1.0 & Cp= -0.3 for L/B = 2.0 by interpolation for L/B = 1.393
Cp = -0.42
Side wall: Cp = -0.70
Roof (h/L = 255/184 = 1.385):
Cp = -1.3 over entire roof (h/2 = 127.5)
Area = 132 x 127.5 = 16,830 ft2 > 1000 ft2, we can use reduction factor =0.80
The final Cp = -1.3 x 0.8 = -1.04 over entire roof (h/2 = 127.5)
Cp = -.70 over entire roof (L - h/2 = 184 - 127.5 = 56.5 ft)
No reduction factor can be applied.
The final Cp = -0.70 over entire roof (L - h/2 = 56.5)
61

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

4.2-9 Velocity pressure, qz

The velocity pressure at height z is determined by Eq. 6-15 in ASCE 6.5-10
qz = 0.00256 Kz Kzt Kd V2 I
Where all terms above have been defined previously. A summary of the velocity
pressures for the example building is given in Table 4-2
Where:
q = qz for windward walls at height z above the ground
q = qh for leeward walls, side walls, and roof, elevated at height h
qi = qh for all walls and roofs of enclosed buildings
A summary of the design pressure for wind in the (E-W) direction (flexible building) is
given in Table 4-3. The design wind forces at each floor level are given in Table 4-4.
It has been assumed in the calculation of wind forces that the design wind pressure
is constant over the tributary height of the floor level. Design wind pressure and
forces are given in Table 4-5 and Table 4-6, respectively, for wind acting in the (N-S)
direction (flexible building)
62

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4-2 Velocity Pressure

Exposure Coefficient Kz
V=
145
mph
Floor Level
x
1
Parapet
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
63
Height
hx
ft
2
261
255.00
242.50
230.00
217.50
205.00
192.50
180.00
167.50
155.00
142.50
130.00
117.50
105.00
92.50
80.00
67.50
55.00
42.50
30.00
17.50
I= 1.000
Kz
Kzt
Kd
3
1.55
1.54
1.53
1.51
1.49
1.47
1.45
1.43
1.41
1.39
1.36
1.34
1.31
1.28
1.25
1.21
1.17
1.12
1.06
0.98
0.88
4
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
5
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
qz
(psf)
6
70.86
70.52
69.77
69.00
68.19
67.35
66.46
65.53
64.54
63.50
62.38
61.19
59.90
58.50
56.96
55.25
53.30
51.05
48.36
44.94
40.12

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

4.2-10 Wind force on the Roof Parapet

The pressure on the parapet with MWFRS Pp is,
64

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

4.3 Design Wind Pressure & Floor Forces in (E-W) Direction

Table 4-3 Design Wind Pressure in (E-W) Direction
Gf= 0.860
qh= 24.23
Floor Level
Location
1
Parapet
Windward
Leeward
Side
Roof
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
-
Location
Floor Level
1
Parapet
65
(psf)
Height
hx
ft
3
261.00
255.00
242.50
230.00
217.50
205.00
192.50
180.00
167.50
155.00
142.50
130.00
117.50
105.00
92.50
80.00
67.50
55.00
42.50
30.00
17.50
All
All
255
External Pressure
q
Cp
qGCp
(psf)
(psf)
4
5
6
24.35
24.23
0.80
16.67
23.98
0.80
16.50
23.71
0.80
16.31
23.43
0.80
16.12
23.14
0.80
15.92
22.84
0.80
15.71
22.52
0.80
15.49
22.18
0.80
15.26
21.82
0.80
15.01
21.44
0.80
14.75
21.03
0.80
14.47
20.58
0.80
14.16
20.10
0.80
13.83
19.57
0.80
13.47
18.98
0.80
13.06
18.32
0.80
12.60
17.54
0.80
12.07
16.62
0.80
11.43
15.44
0.80
10.62
13.79
0.80
9.48
24.23
0.500
10.42
24.23
0.700
14.59
24.23
1.040
21.67
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
Height
hx
ft
External Pressure
q
GCpn
q GCpn
(psf)
(psf)
Internal Pressure
q
GCpn
q GCpn
(psf)
( -)
(-)(psf)
3
261.00
4
24.35
7
24.35
5
1.50
6
36.53
qi
(psf)
7
Internal Pressure
Gcpi
qi GCpi
(+ -)
(+ -) (psf)
8
9
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
8
1.00
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
9
24.35

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4-4 Design Wind Forces in (E-W) Direction

Floor Level
x
2
Parapet
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
66
Height
hx
ft
3
261.00
255.00
242.50
230.00
217.50
205.00
192.50
180.00
167.50
155.00
142.50
130.00
117.50
105.00
92.50
80.00
67.50
55.00
42.50
30.00
17.50
Tributary Area
Height Width
ft
ft
3
4
6.00
184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
12.50 184.00
17.50 184.00
Windward
Pressure Force
(psf)
(kips)
5
6
36.53
40.32
16.67
38.34
16.50
37.94
16.31
37.52
16.12
37.08
15.92
36.62
15.71
36.14
15.49
35.63
15.26
35.10
15.01
34.53
14.75
33.92
14.47
33.27
14.16
32.57
13.83
31.81
13.47
30.97
13.06
30.04
12.60
28.99
12.07
27.76
11.43
26.30
10.62
24.44
9.48
30.54
Leeward
Pressure Force
(psf)
(kips)
7
8
24.35
26.88
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
23.97
10.42
33.55
Total Force
(kips)
9
67.21
62.31
61.91
61.49
61.05
60.59
60.11
59.60
59.06
58.49
57.89
57.24
56.54
55.78
54.94
54.01
52.95
51.73
50.26
48.40
64.09
1,215.628
Final Floor
Force
(kips)
9
0.00
98.36
62.11
61.70
61.27
60.82
60.35
59.85
59.33
58.78
58.19
57.56
56.89
56.16
55.36
54.47
53.48
52.34
50.99
49.33
56.25
1,183.582

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

67

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

68

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

4.4 Design Wind Pressure & Floor Forces in (N-S) Direction

Table 4-3 a Design Wind Pressure in (N-S) Direction
Gf= 0.860
qh= 24.23
Floor Level
Location
1
Parapet
Windward
Leeward
Side
Roof
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
-
Location
Floor Level
x
1
Parapet
69
Height
hx
ft
3
261.00
255.00
242.50
230.00
217.50
205.00
192.50
180.00
167.50
155.00
142.50
130.00
117.50
105.00
92.50
80.00
67.50
55.00
42.50
30.00
17.50
All
All
255
External Pressure
q
Cp
qGCp
(psf)
(psf)
4
5
6
24.35
24.23
0.80
16.67
23.98
0.80
16.50
23.71
0.80
16.31
23.43
0.80
16.12
23.14
0.80
15.92
22.84
0.80
15.71
22.52
0.80
15.49
22.18
0.80
15.26
21.82
0.80
15.01
21.44
0.80
14.75
21.03
0.80
14.47
20.58
0.80
14.16
20.10
0.80
13.83
19.57
0.80
13.47
18.98
0.80
13.06
18.32
0.80
12.60
17.54
0.80
12.07
16.62
0.80
11.43
15.44
0.80
10.62
13.79
0.80
9.48
24.23
0.420
8.75
24.23
0.700
14.59
24.23
1.040
21.67
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
24.23
Height
hx
ft
3
q
(psf)
4
External Pressure
GCpn
q GCpn
(psf)
5
6
q
(psf)
7
261.00
24.35
1.50
36.53
qi
(psf)
7
24.35
(psf)
Internal Pressure
Gcpi
qi GCpi
(+ -)
(+ -) (psf)
8
9
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
4.36
Internal Pressure
GCpn
q GCpn
( -)
(-)(psf)
8
9
1.00
24.35

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4-4 a Design Wind Forces in (N-S) Direction

Floor Level
x
2
Parapet
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
70
Height
hx
ft
3
261.00
255.00
242.50
230.00
217.50
205.00
192.50
180.00
167.50
155.00
142.50
130.00
117.50
105.00
92.50
80.00
67.50
55.00
42.50
30.00
17.50
Tributary Area
Height Width
ft
ft
3
4
6.00
132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
12.50 132.00
17.50 132.00
Windward
Pressure Force
(psf)
(kips)
5
6
36.53
28.93
16.67
27.51
16.50
27.22
16.31
26.92
16.12
26.60
15.92
26.27
15.71
25.93
15.49
25.56
15.26
25.18
15.01
24.77
14.75
24.34
14.47
23.87
14.16
23.37
13.83
22.82
13.47
22.22
13.06
21.55
12.60
20.79
12.07
19.92
11.43
18.86
10.62
17.53
9.48
21.91
Leeward
Total Force
Pressure Force
(psf)
(kips)
(kips)
7
8
9
24.35
19.29
48.21
8.75
14.44
41.95
8.75
14.44
41.66
8.75
14.44
41.36
8.75
14.44
41.04
8.75
14.44
40.71
8.75
14.44
40.37
8.75
14.44
40.00
8.75
14.44
39.62
8.75
14.44
39.21
8.75
14.44
38.78
8.75
14.44
38.31
8.75
14.44
37.81
8.75
14.44
37.26
8.75
14.44
36.66
8.75
14.44
35.99
8.75
14.44
35.24
8.75
14.44
34.36
8.75
14.44
33.31
8.75
14.44
31.97
8.75
20.22
42.13
815.965
Final Floor
Force
(kips)
9
0.00
69.19
41.80
41.51
41.20
40.88
40.54
40.19
39.81
39.42
39.00
38.55
38.06
37.54
36.96
36.33
35.61
34.80
33.83
32.64
37.05
794.901

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

71

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

72

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

4.5 Design Wind Load Cases of MWFRS for Buildings of All Heights
As per ASCE the design Wind Load Cases shown in Figure 6-9 as follows
Case 1: Full design wind pressure acting on the projected area perpendicular to each principal axis of
the structure, considered separately along each principal axis.
Case 2: Three quarters of the design wind pressure acting on the projected area perpendicular to each
principal axis of the structure in conjunction with a torsional moment as shown, considered
separately for each principal axis.
Case 3: Wind pressure as defined in Case 1, but considered to act simultaneously at 75% of the
specified value.
Case 4: Wind pressure as defined in Case 2, but considered to act simultaneously at 75% of the
specified value.
Notes: 1. Design wind pressures for windward (Pw) and leeward (PL) faces shall be determined in
accordance with the provisions of Section 6.5.12.2.1 and 6.5.12.2.3 as applicable for buildings
of all heights.
2. Above diagrams show plan views of building.
3. Notation:
Pwx, Pwy = Windward face pressure acting in the X, Y principal axis, respectively.
PLx, PLy = Leeward face pressure acting in the X, Y principal axis, respectively.
e (ex, ey) = Eccentricity for the X, Y principal axis of the structure, respectively.
MT = Torsional moment per unit height acting about a vertical axis of the building.
73

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

74

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4-5-1a Design Wind Forces Cases 1a

Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
75
Eccentricity
Final Floor Force
ex
ft
2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Fx
(kips)
4
98.36
62.11
61.70
61.27
60.82
60.35
59.85
59.33
58.78
58.19
57.56
56.89
56.16
55.36
54.47
53.48
52.34
50.99
49.33
56.25
ey
ft
3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1,183.582
Fy
(kips)
5
69.19
41.80
41.51
41.20
40.88
40.54
40.19
39.81
39.42
39.00
38.55
38.06
37.54
36.96
36.33
35.61
34.80
33.83
32.64
37.05
794.901
Load Percentage
%
For Fx For Fy
6
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
7
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Final Analysis Load

Fx
(kips)
8
98.36
62.11
61.70
61.27
60.82
60.35
59.85
59.33
58.78
58.19
57.56
56.89
56.16
55.36
54.47
53.48
52.34
50.99
49.33
56.25
1,183.582
Fy
(kips)
9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
MT
(kips.ft)
10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case 1

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4-5-1b Design Wind Forces Cases 1b

Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
76
Eccentricity
Final Floor Force
ex
ft
2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Fx
(kips)
4
98.36
62.11
61.70
61.27
60.82
60.35
59.85
59.33
58.78
58.19
57.56
56.89
56.16
55.36
54.47
53.48
52.34
50.99
49.33
56.25
ey
ft
3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1,183.582
Fy
(kips)
5
69.19
41.80
41.51
41.20
40.88
40.54
40.19
39.81
39.42
39.00
38.55
38.06
37.54
36.96
36.33
35.61
34.80
33.83
32.64
37.05
794.901
Load Percentage
%
For Fx For Fy
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Final Analysis Load

Fx
(kips)
8
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
Fy
(kips)
9
69.19
41.80
41.51
41.20
40.88
40.54
40.19
39.81
39.42
39.00
38.55
38.06
37.54
36.96
36.33
35.61
34.80
33.83
32.64
37.05
794.901
MT
(kips.ft)
10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case 2

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4-5-2a Design Wind Forces Cases 2a

Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
77
Eccentricity
Final Floor Force
ex
ft
2
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
27.80
Fx
(kips)
4
98.36
62.11
61.70
61.27
60.82
60.35
59.85
59.33
58.78
58.19
57.56
56.89
56.16
55.36
54.47
53.48
52.34
50.99
49.33
56.25
ey
ft
3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1,183.582
Fy
(kips)
5
69.19
41.80
41.51
41.20
40.88
40.54
40.19
39.81
39.42
39.00
38.55
38.06
37.54
36.96
36.33
35.61
34.80
33.83
32.64
37.05
794.901
Load Percentage
%
For Fx For Fy
6
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Final Analysis Load

Fx
(kips)
8
73.77
46.58
46.27
45.95
45.61
45.26
44.89
44.50
44.08
43.64
43.17
42.67
42.12
41.52
40.85
40.11
39.25
38.25
37.00
42.19
887.686
Fy
(kips)
9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
MT
(kips.ft)
10
2,050.87
1,294.95
1,286.36
1,277.41
1,268.04
1,258.23
1,247.92
1,237.05
1,225.54
1,213.29
1,200.21
1,186.13
1,170.88
1,154.20
1,135.75
1,115.03
1,091.27
1,063.23
1,028.56
1,172.75
24,677.684
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case 3

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4-5-2a1 Design Wind Forces Cases 2a1

Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
78
Eccentricity
ex
ey
ft
ft
2
3
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
-27.80 0.00
Final Floor Force

Fx
Fy
(kips)
(kips)
4
5
98.36
69.19
62.11
41.80
61.70
41.51
61.27
41.20
60.82
40.88
60.35
40.54
59.85
40.19
59.33
39.81
58.78
39.42
58.19
39.00
57.56
38.55
56.89
38.06
56.16
37.54
55.36
36.96
54.47
36.33
53.48
35.61
52.34
34.80
50.99
33.83
49.33
32.64
56.25
37.05
1,183.582
794.901
Load Percentage %
For Fx
For Fy
6
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Final Analysis Load

Fx
Fy
MT
(kips)
(kips)
(kips.ft)
8
9
10
73.77
0.00
2,050.87
46.58
0.00
1,294.95
46.27
0.00
1,286.36
45.95
0.00
1,277.41
45.61
0.00
1,268.04
45.26
0.00
1,258.23
44.89
0.00
1,247.92
44.50
0.00
1,237.05
44.08
0.00
1,225.54
43.64
0.00
1,213.29
43.17
0.00
1,200.21
42.67
0.00
1,186.13
42.12
0.00
1,170.88
41.52
0.00
1,154.20
40.85
0.00
1,135.75
40.11
0.00
1,115.03
39.25
0.00
1,091.27
38.25
0.00
1,063.23
37.00
0.00
1,028.56
42.19
0.00
1,172.75
24,677.684
887.686 0.000
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case 4

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4-5-2b Design Wind Forces Cases 2b

Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
79
Eccentricity
Final Floor Force
ex
ft
2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Fx
(kips)
4
98.36
62.11
61.70
61.27
60.82
60.35
59.85
59.33
58.78
58.19
57.56
56.89
56.16
55.36
54.47
53.48
52.34
50.99
49.33
56.25
ey
ft
3
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
1,183.582
Fy
(kips)
5
69.19
41.80
41.51
41.20
40.88
40.54
40.19
39.81
39.42
39.00
38.55
38.06
37.54
36.96
36.33
35.61
34.80
33.83
32.64
37.05
794.901
Load Percentage
%
For Fx For Fy
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
Final Analysis Load

Fx
(kips)
8
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
Fy
(kips)
9
51.89
31.35
31.13
30.90
30.66
30.41
30.14
29.86
29.56
29.25
28.91
28.55
28.15
27.72
27.25
26.71
26.10
25.37
24.48
27.79
596.175
MT
(kips.ft)
10
1,035.25
625.51
621.08
616.47
611.65
606.60
601.29
595.70
589.77
583.47
576.73
569.48
561.63
553.05
543.55
532.88
520.65
506.21
488.36
554.36
11,893.700
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case 5

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4-5-2b1 Design Wind Forces Cases 2b1

Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
80
Eccentricity
ex
ft
2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
ey
ft
3
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
-19.95
Final Floor Force

Fx
(kips)
4
98.36
62.11
61.70
61.27
60.82
60.35
59.85
59.33
58.78
58.19
57.56
56.89
56.16
55.36
54.47
53.48
52.34
50.99
49.33
56.25
1,183.582
Fy
(kips)
5
69.19
41.80
41.51
41.20
40.88
40.54
40.19
39.81
39.42
39.00
38.55
38.06
37.54
36.96
36.33
35.61
34.80
33.83
32.64
37.05
794.901
Load
Percentage %
For Fx For Fy
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
Final Analysis Load

Fx
(kips)
8
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
Fy
(kips)
9
51.89
31.35
31.13
30.90
30.66
30.41
30.14
29.86
29.56
29.25
28.91
28.55
28.15
27.72
27.25
26.71
26.10
25.37
24.48
27.79
596.175
MT
(kips.ft)
10
1,035.25
625.51
621.08
616.47
611.65
606.60
601.29
595.70
589.77
583.47
576.73
569.48
561.63
553.05
543.55
532.88
520.65
506.21
488.36
554.36
11,893.700
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case 6

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Cpw=
Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
81
Table 4-5-3a Design Wind Forces Cases 3a (Main Force X-direction)

X-direction
Y-direction
0.8
Cplee= 0.5
Cpw= 0.8
Cplee= 0.421
Eccentricity
Final Floor Force
Load Percentage
Final Analysis Load
%
ex
ey
Fx
Fy
For Fx
For Fy
Fx
Fy
MT
ft
ft
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips.ft)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.00
0.00
98.36
69.19
75
75
73.77
55.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
62.11
41.80
75
75
46.58
33.38
0.00
0.00
0.00
61.70
41.51
75
75
46.27
33.15
0.00
0.00
0.00
61.27
41.20
75
75
45.95
32.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
60.82
40.88
75
75
45.61
32.64
0.00
0.00
0.00
60.35
40.54
75
75
45.26
32.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
59.85
40.19
75
75
44.89
32.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
59.33
39.81
75
75
44.50
31.79
0.00
0.00
0.00
58.78
39.42
75
75
44.08
31.48
0.00
0.00
0.00
58.19
39.00
75
75
43.64
31.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
57.56
38.55
75
75
43.17
30.78
0.00
0.00
0.00
56.89
38.06
75
75
42.67
30.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
56.16
37.54
75
75
42.12
29.97
0.00
0.00
0.00
55.36
36.96
75
75
41.52
29.52
0.00
0.00
0.00
54.47
36.33
75
75
40.85
29.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
53.48
35.61
75
75
40.11
28.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
52.34
34.80
75
75
39.25
27.79
0.00
0.00
0.00
50.99
33.83
75
75
38.25
27.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
49.33
32.64
75
75
37.00
26.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
56.25
37.05
75
75
42.19
29.59
0.00
1,183.582
794.901
887.686 634.749
0.000
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case 7

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Cpw=
Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
82
Table 4-5-3b Design Wind Forces Cases 3b (Main Force Y-direction)

X-direction
Y-direction
0.8
Cplee= 0.5
Cpw= 0.8
Cplee= 0.420
Eccentricity
Final Floor Force
Load Percentage
Final Analysis Load
%
ex
ey
Fx
Fy
For Fx For Fy
Fx
Fy
MT
ft
ft
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips.ft)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.00
0.00
98.36
69.19
75
75
69.23
51.89
0.00
0.00
0.00
62.11
41.80
75
75
43.71
31.35
0.00
0.00
0.00
61.70
41.51
75
75
43.42
31.13
0.00
0.00
0.00
61.27
41.20
75
75
43.12
30.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
60.82
40.88
75
75
42.81
30.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
60.35
40.54
75
75
42.47
30.41
0.00
0.00
0.00
59.85
40.19
75
75
42.13
30.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
59.33
39.81
75
75
41.76
29.86
0.00
0.00
0.00
58.78
39.42
75
75
41.37
29.56
0.00
0.00
0.00
58.19
39.00
75
75
40.96
29.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
57.56
38.55
75
75
40.52
28.91
0.00
0.00
0.00
56.89
38.06
75
75
40.04
28.55
0.00
0.00
0.00
56.16
37.54
75
75
39.53
28.15
0.00
0.00
0.00
55.36
36.96
75
75
38.96
27.72
0.00
0.00
0.00
54.47
36.33
75
75
38.34
27.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
53.48
35.61
75
75
37.64
26.71
0.00
0.00
0.00
52.34
34.80
75
75
36.84
26.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
50.99
33.83
75
75
35.89
25.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
49.33
32.64
75
75
34.72
24.48
0.00
0.00
0.00
56.25
37.05
75
75
39.59
27.79
0.00
1,183.582 794.901
833.060 596.175
0.000
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case8

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Cpw=
Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
83
Table 4-5-4a Design Wind Forces Cases 4a (Main Force X-direction)

X-direction
Y-direction
0.8
Cplee= 0.5
Cpw=
0.8
Cplee= 0.420
Eccentricity
Final Floor Force
Load Percentage %
Final Analysis Load
ex
ey
Fx
Fy
For Fx
For Fy
Fx
Fy
MT
ft
ft
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips.ft)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
27.80 19.95
98.36
69.19
56.30
56.30
55.38
41.51
2,367.61
27.80 19.95
62.11
41.80
56.30
56.30
34.97
25.08
1,472.42
27.80 19.95
61.70
41.51
56.30
56.30
34.73
24.90
1,462.43
27.80 19.95
61.27
41.20
56.30
56.30
34.49
24.72
1,452.02
27.80 19.95
60.82
40.88
56.30
56.30
34.24
24.52
1,441.13
27.80 19.95
60.35
40.54
56.30
56.30
33.98
24.32
1,429.73
27.80 19.95
59.85
40.19
56.30
56.30
33.70
24.11
1,417.74
27.80 19.95
59.33
39.81
56.30
56.30
33.40
23.88
1,405.10
27.80 19.95
58.78
39.42
56.30
56.30
33.09
23.65
1,391.72
27.80 19.95
58.19
39.00
56.30
56.30
32.76
23.39
1,377.49
27.80 19.95
57.56
38.55
56.30
56.30
32.41
23.12
1,362.28
27.80 19.95
56.89
38.06
56.30
56.30
32.03
22.83
1,345.92
27.80 19.95
56.16
37.54
56.30
56.30
31.62
22.52
1,328.19
27.80 19.95
55.36
36.96
56.30
56.30
31.17
22.17
1,308.80
27.80 19.95
54.47
36.33
56.30
56.30
30.67
21.79
1,287.35
27.80 19.95
53.48
35.61
56.30
56.30
30.11
21.37
1,263.26
27.80 19.95
52.34
34.80
56.30
56.30
29.47
20.88
1,235.64
27.80 19.95
50.99
33.83
56.30
56.30
28.71
20.30
1,203.05
27.80 19.95
49.33
32.64
56.30
56.30
27.77
19.58
1,162.74
27.80 19.95
56.25
37.05
56.30
56.30
31.67
22.23
1,323.78
28,038.376
1,183.582 794.901
666.357 476.875
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case 9

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Cpw=
Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
84
Table 4-5-4b Design Wind Forces Cases 4b (Main Force X-direction)

X-direction
Y-direction
0.8
Cplee= 0.5
Cpw= 0.8
Cplee= 0.420
Eccentricity
Final Floor Force
Load Percentage
Final Analysis Load
%
ex
ey
Fx
Fy
For Fx For Fy
Fx
Fy
MT
ft
ft
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips.ft)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
-27.8 -19.95
98.36
69.19
56.30
56.30
55.38
41.51
2,367.61
-27.80 -19.95
62.11
41.80
56.30
56.30
34.97
25.08
1,472.42
-27.80 -19.95
61.70
41.51
56.30
56.30
34.73
24.90
1,462.43
-27.80 -19.95
61.27
41.20
56.30
56.30
34.49
24.72
1,452.02
-27.80 -19.95
60.82
40.88
56.30
56.30
34.24
24.52
1,441.13
-27.80 -19.95
60.35
40.54
56.30
56.30
33.98
24.32
1,429.73
-27.80 -19.95
59.85
40.19
56.30
56.30
33.70
24.11
1,417.74
-27.80 -19.95
59.33
39.81
56.30
56.30
33.40
23.88
1,405.10
-27.80 -19.95
58.78
39.42
56.30
56.30
33.09
23.65
1,391.72
-27.80 -19.95
58.19
39.00
56.30
56.30
32.76
23.39
1,377.49
-27.80 -19.95
57.56
38.55
56.30
56.30
32.41
23.12
1,362.28
-27.80 -19.95
56.89
38.06
56.30
56.30
32.03
22.83
1,345.92
-27.80 -19.95
56.16
37.54
56.30
56.30
31.62
22.52
1,328.19
-27.80 -19.95
55.36
36.96
56.30
56.30
31.17
22.17
1,308.80
-27.80 -19.95
54.47
36.33
56.30
56.30
30.67
21.79
1,287.35
-27.80 -19.95
53.48
35.61
56.30
56.30
30.11
21.37
1,263.26
-27.80 -19.95
52.34
34.80
56.30
56.30
29.47
20.88
1,235.64
-27.80 -19.95
50.99
33.83
56.30
56.30
28.71
20.30
1,203.05
-27.80 -19.95
49.33
32.64
56.30
56.30
27.77
19.58
1,162.74
-27.80 -19.95
56.25
37.05
56.30
56.30
31.67
22.23
1,323.78
28,038.376
1,183.582 794.901
666.357 476.875
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case 10

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Cpw=
Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
85
Table 4-5-4c Design Wind Forces Cases 4c (Main Force Y-direction)

X-direction
Y-direction
0.8
Cplee= 0.5
Cpw= 0.8
Cplee= 0.420
Eccentricity
Final Floor Force
Load
Final Analysis Load
Percentage %
ex
ey
Fx
Fy
For Fx For Fy
Fx
Fy
MT
ft
ft
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips.ft)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
27.80 19.95
98.36
69.19
56.30 56.30
51.97
38.95
2,221.91
27.80 19.95
62.11
41.80
56.30 56.30
32.82
23.54
1,381.80
27.80 19.95
61.70
41.51
56.30 56.30
32.60
23.37
1,372.43
27.80 19.95
61.27
41.20
56.30 56.30
32.37
23.20
1,362.66
27.80 19.95
60.82
40.88
56.30 56.30
32.13
23.01
1,352.45
27.80 19.95
60.35
40.54
56.30 56.30
31.88
22.82
1,341.75
27.80 19.95
59.85
40.19
56.30 56.30
31.62
22.63
1,330.50
27.80 19.95
59.33
39.81
56.30 56.30
31.35
22.41
1,318.63
27.80 19.95
58.78
39.42
56.30 56.30
31.06
22.19
1,306.08
27.80 19.95
58.19
39.00
56.30 56.30
30.75
21.95
1,292.72
27.80 19.95
57.56
38.55
56.30 56.30
30.41
21.70
1,278.45
27.80 19.95
56.89
38.06
56.30 56.30
30.06
21.43
1,263.09
27.80 19.95
56.16
37.54
56.30 56.30
29.67
21.13
1,246.45
27.80 19.95
55.36
36.96
56.30 56.30
29.25
20.81
1,228.26
27.80 19.95
54.47
36.33
56.30 56.30
28.78
20.45
1,208.13
27.80 19.95
53.48
35.61
56.30 56.30
28.26
20.05
1,185.52
27.80 19.95
52.34
34.80
56.30 56.30
27.65
19.59
1,159.60
27.80 19.95
50.99
33.83
56.30 56.30
26.94
19.05
1,129.01
27.80 19.95
49.33
32.64
56.30 56.30
26.06
18.38
1,091.19
27.80 19.95
56.25
37.05
56.30 56.30
29.72
20.86
1,242.31
26,312.937
1,183.582 794.901
625.350 447.529
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case 11

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Cpw=
Floor Level
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
86
Table 4-5-4d Design Wind Forces Cases 4d (Main Force Y-direction)

X-direction
Y-direction
0.8
Cplee= 0.5
Cpw= 0.8
Cplee= 0.420
Eccentricity
Final Floor Force
Load Percentage
Final Analysis Load
%
ex
ey
Fx
Fy
For Fx For Fy
Fx
Fy
MT
ft
ft
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips.ft)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
-27.80 -19.95
98.36
69.19
56.30
56.30
51.97
38.95
2,221.91
-27.80 -19.95
62.11
41.80
56.30
56.30
32.82
23.54
1,381.80
-27.80 -19.95
61.70
41.51
56.30
56.30
32.60
23.37
1,372.43
-27.80 -19.95
61.27
41.20
56.30
56.30
32.37
23.20
1,362.66
-27.80 -19.95
60.82
40.88
56.30
56.30
32.13
23.01
1,352.45
-27.80 -19.95
60.35
40.54
56.30
56.30
31.88
22.82
1,341.75
-27.80 -19.95
59.85
40.19
56.30
56.30
31.62
22.63
1,330.50
-27.80 -19.95
59.33
39.81
56.30
56.30
31.35
22.41
1,318.63
-27.80 -19.95
58.78
39.42
56.30
56.30
31.06
22.19
1,306.08
-27.80 -19.95
58.19
39.00
56.30
56.30
30.75
21.95
1,292.72
-27.80 -19.95
57.56
38.55
56.30
56.30
30.41
21.70
1,278.45
-27.80 -19.95
56.89
38.06
56.30
56.30
30.06
21.43
1,263.09
-27.80 -19.95
56.16
37.54
56.30
56.30
29.67
21.13
1,246.45
-27.80 -19.95
55.36
36.96
56.30
56.30
29.25
20.81
1,228.26
-27.80 -19.95
54.47
36.33
56.30
56.30
28.78
20.45
1,208.13
-27.80 -19.95
53.48
35.61
56.30
56.30
28.26
20.05
1,185.52
-27.80 -19.95
52.34
34.80
56.30
56.30
27.65
19.59
1,159.60
-27.80 -19.95
50.99
33.83
56.30
56.30
26.94
19.05
1,129.01
-27.80 -19.95
49.33
32.64
56.30
56.30
26.06
18.38
1,091.19
-27.80 -19.95
56.25
37.05
56.30
56.30
29.72
20.86
1,242.31
26,312.937
1,183.582
794.901
625.350
447.529
ETABS
Wind
Load
Case 12

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 4-6 Summary of Maximum Wind Loads

ETABS Wind Load
Cases
1
LOAD CASE 1
LOAD CASE 2
LOAD CASE 3
LOAD CASE 4
LOAD CASE 5
LOAD CASE 6
LOAD CASE 7
LOAD CASE 8
LOAD CASE 9
LOAD CASE 10
LOAD CASE 11
LOAD CASE 12
87
Fx
(kips)
2
1,183.58
0.00
887.69
887.69
0.00
0.00
887.69
833.06
666.36
666.36
625.35
625.35
Loads
Fy
(kips)
3
0.00
794.90
0.00
0.00
596.18
596.18
634.75
596.18
476.88
476.88
447.53
447.53
MT
(kips.ft)
4
0.00
0.00
24,677.68
24,677.68
11,893.70
11,893.70
0.00
0.00
28,038.38
28,038.38
26,312.94
26,312.94
Max. Loads values

Fx
Fy
MT
(kips)
(kips)
(kips.ft)
5
6
7
28,038.38
1183.58
794.90

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Chapter 5 - Dynamic Analysis

As explained earlier, a dynamic analysis procedure will be illustrated for this example
building. The response spectrum analysis method (ASCE Section 12.9) was used.
The following items are worth mentioning in conjunction with the analysis carried out:
Self-weight is automatically considered by ETABS. The superimposed dead load (SDL)
needs to be computed and assigned to each floor level for the purpose of modal analysis.
In ETABS model the number of mode shape is 12.
The scale factor in X-direction = g/Rx
=386.089 / 7 = 55.156
Where g= 386.089 in/sec2
The scale factor in Y-direction = g/Ry
=386.089 / 7 = 55.156
Where g= 386.089 in/sec2
5.1 Mode Shapes

The 3-D analysis by ETABS yielded the following periods for 12-mode shape in both directions.
From the below schedule the participation mass in X-direction is 99.4% bigger than 90% as per
(ASCE 12.9-1) and equal to 99.5% in Y-direction bigger than 90% as per(ASCE 12.9-1).
88
Case
Mode
Modal
Modal
Modal
Modal
Modal
Modal
Modal
Modal
Modal
Modal
Modal
Modal
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
TABLE: Modal Participating Mass Ratios

Period
UX
UY
UZ
Sum UX
sec
3.184
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
2.968
0.693
0.000
0.000
0.693
2.939
0.000
0.695
0.000
0.693
0.764
0.159
0.000
0.000
0.852
0.761
0.000
0.157
0.000
0.852
0.340
0.067
0.000
0.000
0.920
0.340
0.000
0.067
0.000
0.920
0.202
0.012
0.021
0.000
0.931
0.200
0.023
0.013
0.000
0.954
0.135
0.007
0.016
0.000
0.961
0.110
0.025
0.012
0.000
0.987
0.078
0.007
0.015
0.000
0.994
Sum UY
0.000
0.000
0.695
0.695
0.852
0.852
0.920
0.940
0.953
0.969
0.980
0.995

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

89

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

90

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

91

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

5.2 Design base shear using static procedure

The design base shear using the static lateral force procedure was computed in the previous section
using a fundamental period of 2.139 sec (i.e., = Cu x Ta) and was found to be 1483.78 kips.
5.3 Scaling of elastic member forces for design

ASCE Section 12.9.4.1 stipulates that the base shear using modal analysis must be scaled up when
the combined response for the modal base shear Vt is less than 85 percent of the calculated base
shear using the equivalent lateral force procedure (V).
0.85 V = 0.85 x 1483.78 kips = 1261.21 kips
Modal base shear Vt in (X-direction) = 617 kips
The scale factor in (X-direction) = 1261.21 / 617 = 2.05
The final scale factor used in ETABS model = 2.05 x 55.156 = 113.07
Modal base shear Vt in (Y-direction) = 611 kips
The scale factor in (Y-direction) = 1261.21 / 611 = 2.065
5.4 Scaling of Drifts

ASCE Section 12.9.4.2 stipulates that drifts determined from modal analysis is to be scaled up when
the combined response for the modal base shear Vt is less than 85 percent of Cs W, where Cs is
determined in accordance with ASCE Eq. 12.8-6.
In X- direction
Using ASCE Eq. 12.8-6:
Cs = 0.5 S1 /(R/Ie) = 0.5 x 0.07 x / (7/1) = 0.005
0.85 Cs W = 0.85 x 0.005 x 92688.587 = 393.93 kips < Vt in (X-direction) = 617 kips
Thus, scale factor for drift related parameters = 0.85 Cs W/Vt = 393.93 / 617 = 0.64
Scale down not permitted, so we will use scale factor = 1.0
92

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

In Y- direction
Using ASCE Eq. 12.8-6:
Cs = 0.5 S1 /(R/Ie) = 0.5 x 0.07 x / (7/1) = 0.005
0.85 Cs W = 0.85 x 0.005 x 92688.587 = 393.93 kips < Vt in (X-direction) = 611 kips
Thus, scale factor for drift related parameters = 0.85 Cs W/Vt = 393.93 / 611 = 0.644
Scale down not permitted, so we will use scale factor = 1.0
5.5 The Final Base Reaction from ETABS Model
TABLE: Base Reactions

Load Case/Combo
EQX
EQY
qx_dynamic Max
qy_dynamic Max
FX
FY
kip
kip
-1492.45
0
0
-1492.37
1265.445 256.97
258.93 1261.956
In X- direction
EQX (Static) = 1492.45 kips (this value little difference from manual calculation = 1483.78 kips)
EQX (Dynamic) = 1265.445 kips
0.85 V = 0.85 x 1492.45 kips = 1268.58 kips = EQX (Dynamic) = 1265.445 kips O.K.
In Y- direction
EQY (Static) = 1492.37 kips (this value little difference from manual calculation = 1483.78 kips)
EQY (Dynamic) = 1261.956 kips
0.85 V = 0.85 x 1492.37 kips = 1268.51 kips = EQY (Dynamic) = 1261.956 kips O.K.
93

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk


The lateral displacement at every floor level (xe) are shown in Table 50 & 60. The
maximum inelastic response displacement (x) and drift are computed.
x is calculated as per ASCE Section 12.8.6:
x = Cd (xe) / Ie
(ASCE Eq. 12.8-15)
According to ASCE Section 12.12.1, the calculated story drift, , as shown in Table 6 & 7
shall not exceed 0.02 times the story height (ASCE Table 12.12-1 for all other building Risk
Category I and II)
Floor
1st
0.02 x 17.5 ft x 12 = 4.2 in.
Typical
0.02 x 12.5 ft x 12 = 3.0 in.
Floor
1st
0.02 x 17.5 ft x 12 = 4.2 in.
Typical
94
0.02 x 12.5 ft x 12 = 3.0 in.

> 0.164 in.
> 0.446 in.
O.K.
O.K.

> 0.165 in.
> 0.446 in.
O.K.
O.K.

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 50 Lateral Displacement and Drifts (E-W) direction

by Dynamic Analysis
Floor Level
xe
Cd
3
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
in
4
7.694
7.311
6.914
6.509
6.093
5.673
5.246
4.812
4.372
3.927
3.480
3.036
2.596
2.171
1.758
1.365
1.000
0.670
0.388
0.164
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
95
in
2
1.399
1.329
1.257
1.183
1.108
1.031
0.954
0.875
0.795
0.714
0.633
0.552
0.472
0.395
0.320
0.248
0.182
0.122
0.071
0.030
Drift
in
5
0.383
0.397
0.405
0.417
0.420
0.427
0.434
0.440
0.445
0.446
0.445
Maximum
in
6
0.446
0.439
0.426
0.413
0.393
0.365
0.330
0.281
0.224
0.164
0.164

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 60 Lateral Displacement and Drifts (N-S) direction

by Dynamic Analysis
Floor Level
xe
Cd
3
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.500
in
4
7.672
7.296
6.905
6.505
6.094
5.679
5.255
4.824
4.386
3.942
3.496
3.051
2.611
2.184
1.769
1.374
1.007
0.675
0.391
0.165
x
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
96
in
2
1.395
1.326
1.255
1.183
1.108
1.032
0.956
0.877
0.797
0.717
0.636
0.555
0.475
0.397
0.322
0.250
0.183
0.123
0.071
0.030
Drift
in
5
0.376
0.391
0.399
0.412
0.415
0.423
0.431
0.438
0.444
0.446
0.445
0.440
0.427
0.415
0.395
0.367
0.332
0.284
0.226
Maximum
in
6
0.165
0.165
0.446

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

5.7 P- effects
According to ASCE Section 12.8.7, P- effects on story shear and moments, the resulting
member forces and moments, and story drifts induced by these effects need not be
considered when the stability coefficient, as determined by the following formula, is equal
to or less than 0.10:
PxIe/ Vx hsx Cd (ASCE Eq. 12.8-16)
Where:
Px = the total unfactored vertical force
= accumulation of (DL + reduced LL)
the design story drift
Vx = the seismic shear force acting between level x and x-1
hsx = the story height below level x
Cd = the deflection amplification factor
Ie = importance factor
The stability coefficient must not exceed max, which is determined by ASCE Eq. 12.8.17
max = 0.5 / Cd) = 0.5 / 5.5 = 0.0909
Where is the ratio of shear demand to shear capacity between level x and x-1, which may
conservatively be taken equal to 1.0 when it is not calculated.
In lateral analysis perform using the ETABS computer program; the P- effects are
included. However, for illustration purpose, the stability coefficient is calculated as shown in
Table 90 for both direction. As shown the maximum stability coefficient 0.026 is less
than 0.10 and max =0.0909, the P- not required.
97

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Table 90 Calculation of Stability Coefficient (E-W) & (N-S) Directions

Floor
Level
1
20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
98
Height
hx
ft
Px
Story Shear
kips
Vx
kips
2
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
17.50
3
4,906
10,262
14,937
19,856
24,843
29,915
34,987
40,059
45,132
50,204
55,276
60,348
65,499
70,743
75,988
81,233
86,478
91,723
96,968
102,404
4
166
315
453
581
701
812
914
1,006
1,089
1,163
1,227
1,284
1,333
1,375
1,409
1,436
1,456
1,471
1,479
1,484
(E-W) Direction
(N-S) Direction
Drift
in
5
0.383
0.397
0.405
0.417
0.420
0.427
0.434
0.440
0.445
0.446
0.445
0.439
0.426
0.413
0.393
0.365
0.330
0.281
0.224
0.164
Drift
in
5
0.376
0.391
0.399
0.412
0.415
0.423
0.431
0.438
0.444
0.446
0.445
0.440
0.427
0.415
0.395
0.367
0.332
0.284
0.226
0.165
6
0.014
0.016
0.016
0.017
0.018
0.019
0.020
0.021
0.022
0.023
0.024
0.025
0.025
0.026
0.026
0.025
0.024
0.021
0.018
0.010
6
0.013
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.018
0.019
0.020
0.021
0.022
0.023
0.024
0.025
0.025
0.026
0.026
0.025
0.024
0.021
0.018
0.010

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Chapter 6 - Load combinations

Basic strength design load combination are given in ASCE 2.3.2, which are essentially the
same as those in ACI 9.2

U= 1.4D
(ACI Eq. 9-1)
U= 1.2D +1.6L + 0.5Lr
(ACI Eq. 9-2)
U= 1.2D +1.6Lr + (0.5L or 0.8W)
(ACI Eq. 9-3)
U= 1.2D +1.6W +0.5L + 0.5Lr
(ACI Eq. 9-4)
U= 1.2D +1.0E + 0.5L
(ACI Eq. 9-5)
U= 0.9D +1.6W
(ACI Eq. 9-6)
U= 0.9D +1.0E
(ACI Eq. 9-7)
Where D, L, Lr, W, and E are the effects due to dead, reduced live, roof live load, wind and
seismic loads, respectively.
6. 2 Seismic Load combination

The seismic load effect E for use in the basic design load combination is to be determined
by ASCE 12.4.2, where E is the combined effect of horizontal and vertical earthquake
induced forces. The E for use in Eq. (9-5) is computed by ASCE Eq. 12.4-1 where the
effects of gravity and seismic ground motion are additive:
E=Eh + Ev
Where:
Eh = effect of horizontal seismic forces, as defined in ASCE Eq. 12.4-3
Ev = effect of vertical seismic forces, as defined in ASCE Eq. 12.4-4
E= Eh + Ev = QE + 0.20 SDS D
Where
QE = effect of horizontal seismic forces from V as specified in ASCE Eq. 12.8-1
= redundancy factor = 1.0 for structures assigned to SDC A, B and C
99

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Similarly, E for use in Eq. (9-7) is computed by ASCE Eq. 12.4-2 where the effect of
gravity and seismic ground motion counteract:
E= Eh - Ev = QE - 0.20 SDS D
Substituting SDS = 0.3637g and into the equation for E, and then substituting E into
Eqs. (9-5) and (9-7) above results in the following:
U= 1.2D + 0.5L + 1.0 QE + (0.20 x 0.3637) D = 1.27D + 0.5L + QE

U= 0.9D + 1.0 QE - (0.20 x 0.3637) D = 0.83D + QE
Values of QE are obtained from the structural analysis for both sideway to the left and to the
right based on the code-prescribed horizontal seismic forces acting on the building.
Also, the special seismic load combination in ASCE 12.4.3 are not applicable in this
example.
100

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

6. 3 Final Load combination

The final load combination as follows:
U= 1.4D
(ACI Eq. 9-1)
U= 1.2D +1.6L + 0.5Lr
(ACI Eq. 9-2)
U= 1.2D +1.6Lr + (0.5L or 0.8W)
(ACI Eq. 9-3)
U= 1.2D +1.6W +0.5L + 0.5Lr
(ACI Eq. 9-4)
U= 1.27D + QE + 0.5L
(ACI Eq. 9-5)
U= 0.9D +1.6W
(ACI Eq. 9-6)
U= 0.83D +QE
101
(ACI Eq. 9-7)

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

102

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk


U= 1.4D
(ACI Eq. 9-1)
1- U1 = 1.4D
U= 1.2D +1.6L + 0.5Lr
(ACI Eq. 9-2)
2- U2 = 1.2D +1.6L+ 0.5Lr

3- U2 = 1.2D +1.6L
4- U2 = 1.2D + 0.5Lr
U= 1.2D +1.6Lr + (0.5L or 0.8W)
(ACI Eq. 9-3)
5- U3 =1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.8W

6- U3 =1.2D + 1.6Lr - 0.8W
7- U3 =1.2D + 1.6Lr
8- U3 =1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.5L
9- U3 =1.2D + 0.8W
10- U3 =1.2D - 0.8W
U= 1.2D +1.6W +0.5L + 0.5Lr
(ACI Eq. 9-4)
11- U4 =1.2D + 0.5L + 1.6W

12- U4 =1.2D + 0.5L - 1.6W
13- U4 =1.2D + 0.5Lr + 1.6W
14- U4 =1.2D + 0.5Lr - 1.6W
15- U4 =1.2D + 1.6W
16- U4 =1.2D - 1.6W
17- U4 = 1.2D + 0.5L + 1.6W + 0.5Lr
18- U4 = 1.2D + 0.5L - 1.6W + 0.5Lr
19- U4 = 1.2D + 0.5L + 0.5Lr
20- U4 = 1.2D + 0.5Lr
21- U4 = 1.2D
103
(Can be neglected it is the same combination # 4)

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

U= 1.27D + QE + 0.5L
(ACI Eq. 9-5)
22 - U5 =1.27D + QX
23 - U5 =1.27D - QX
24 - U5 =1.27D + Qy
25 - U5 =1.27D Qy
26 - U5 =1.27D + qx_dynamic
27 - U5 =1.27D + qy_dynamic
28 - U5 =1.27D + 0.5L + QX
29 - U5 =1.27D + 0.5L - QX
30 - U5 =1.27D + 0.5L + Qy
31 - U5 =1.27D + 0.5L Qy
32 - U5 =1.27D + 0.5L + qx_dynamic
33 - U5 =1.27D + 0.5 L + qy_dynamic
34 - U5 =1.2D
35 - U5 =1.2D + 0.5 L
U= 0.9D +1.6W
(ACI Eq. 9-6)
36 - U6 =0.9D + 1.6W
37 - U6 =0.9D - 1.6W
38 - U6 =0.9D
U= 0.83D + QE
39 - U7 =0.83D + QX
40 - U7 =0.83D - QX
41 - U7 =0.83D + QY
42 - U7 =0.83D - QY
43 - U7 =0.83D + qx_dynamic
44 - U7 =0.83D + qy_dynamic
104
(ACI Eq. 9-7)

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

45 - U7 =0.9D
6. 5 The Final Design Load Combinations

U01 = 1.4D
U02 = 1.2D +1.6L+ 0.5Lr
U03 = 1.2D +1.6L
U04 = 1.2D + 0.5Lr
U05 =1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.8W
U06 =1.2D + 1.6Lr - 0.8W
U07 =1.2D + 1.6Lr
U08 =1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.5L
U09 =1.2D + 0.8W
U10 =1.2D - 0.8W
U11 =1.2D + 0.5L + 1.6W
U12 =1.2D + 0.5L - 1.6W
U13 =1.2D + 0.5Lr + 1.6W
U14 =1.2D + 0.5Lr - 1.6W
U15 =1.2D + 1.6W
U16 =1.2D - 1.6W
U17 = 1.2D + 0.5L + 1.6W + 0.5Lr
U18 = 1.2D + 0.5L - 1.6W + 0.5Lr
U19 = 1.2D + 0.5L + 0.5Lr
U20 = 1.2D
U21 =1.27D + QX
U22 =1.27D - QX
U23 =1.27D + Qy
U24 =1.27D Qy
105

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

U25 =1.27D + qx_dynamic

U26 =1.27D + qy_dynamic
U27 =1.27D + 0.5L + QX
U28 =1.27D + 0.5L - QX
U29 =1.27D + 0.5L + Qy
U30 =1.27D + 0.5L Qy
U31 =1.27D + 0.5L + qx_dynamic
U32 =1.27D + 0.5 L + qy_dynamic
U33 =1.2D + 0.5 L
U34 =0.9D + 1.6W
U35 =0.9D - 1.6W
U36 =0.9D
U37 =0.83D + QX
U38 =0.83D - QX
U39 =0.83D + QY
U40 =0.83D - QY
U41 =0.83D + qx_dynamic
U42 =0.83D + qy_dynamic
106

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

6. 6 Allowable Stress Load combination

The seismic loads specified in ASCE 7 are at the strength design level in contrast to all
other loads that are at service or nominal level. Hence, in the ASD load combination,
seismic loads are multiplied by the factor 0.7 to reduce them to service levels values. The
following nine load combinations are given in ASCE Sec 2.4.1 for allowable stress design.

W=D
(1)
W=D+L
(2)
W = D + (Lr or S or R)
(3)
W = D +0.75L + 0.75(Lr or S or R)
(4)
W=D+W
(5a)
W = D + 0.7E
(5b)
W = D+0.75 W +0.75 L +0.75(Lr or S or R)
(6a)
W = D+0.525 E +0.75 L +0.75(Lr or S or R)
(6b)
W = 0.6D + W
(7)
W = 0.6D + 0.7E
(8)
Where D, L, Lr, W, and E are the effects due to dead, reduced live, roof live load, wind and
seismic loads, respectively.
107

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

6.7 Seismic Load combination

The seismic load effect E for use in the basic design load combination is to be determined
by ASCE 12.4.2, where E is the combined effect of horizontal and vertical earthquake
induced forces. The E for use in Eq. (9-5) is computed by ASCE Eq. 12.4-1 where the
effects of gravity and seismic ground motion are additive:
E=Eh + Ev
Where:
Eh = effect of horizontal seismic forces, as defined in ASCE Eq. 12.4-3
Ev = effect of vertical seismic forces, as defined in ASCE Eq. 12.4-4
E= Eh + Ev = QE + 0.20 SDS D
Where
QE = effect of horizontal seismic forces from V as specified in ASCE Eq. 12.8 -1
= redundancy factor = 1.0 for structures assigned to SDC A, B and C
Similarly, E for use in Eq. (5, 6 and 8) is computed by ASCE Eq. 12.4-2 where the effect of
gravity and seismic ground motion counteract:
E= Eh - Ev = QE - 0.20 SDS D
Substituting SDS = 0.3637g and into the equation for E, and then substituting E into
Eqs. (5b, 6b and 8) above results in the following:
W = D + 0.7x 1.0 QE + 0.7 x (0.20 x 0.3637) D = 1.05 D + 0.7 QE
(5b)
W = D + 0.525 QE + 0.525 (0.20 x 0.3637) D + 0.75 L + 0.75 Lr = 1.04 D + 0.525 QE +0.75L

+ 0.75 Lr
(6b)
W= 0.6 D + 0.7x 1.0 QE - 0.7 x (0.20 x 0.3637) D = 0.55 D + 0.7 QE
(8)
Values of QE are obtained from the structural analysis for both sideway to the left and to the
right based on the code-prescribed horizontal seismic forces acting on the building.
Also, the special seismic load combination in ASCE 12.4.3 are not applicable in this
example.
108

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk


W=D
(1)
W=D+L
(2)
W = D + Lr
(3)
W = D +0.75L + 0.75Lr
(4)
W=D+W
(5a)
W = 1.05 D + 0.7QE
(5b)
W = D + 0.75 W + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
(6a)
W = 1.04D + 0.525 QE + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
(6b)
W = 0.6D + W
(7)
W = 0.55D + 0.7 QE
(8)

W=D
(1)
01 W = D
W=D+L
(2)
02 W = D + L
W= D + Lr
(3)
03 W= D + Lr
W = D +0.75L + 0.75Lr
(4)
04 W = D + 0.75 L +0.75 Lr
05 W = D + 0.75 L
W=D+W
06 W = D + W
07 W = D W
109
(5a)

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

W = 1.05 D + 0.7QE
(5b)
08 W =1.05 D + 0.7 QX
09 W =1.05 D - 0.7 QX
10 W =1.05 D + 0.7 QY
11 W =1.05 D - 0.7 QY
12 W =1.05 D + 0.7 qx_dynamic
13 W =1.05 D + 0.7 qY_dynamic
W = D + 0.75 W +0.75 L +0.75Lr
(6a)
14 W = D + 0.75 W +0.75 L +0.75Lr

15 W = D - 0.75 W +0.75 L +0.75Lr
16 W = D + 0.75 W + 0.75 L
17 W = D - 0.75 W + 0.75 L
W= 1.04D + 0.525 QE + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
18 W = 1.04D + 0.525 QX + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
19 W = 1.04D - 0.525 QX + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
20 W= 1.04D + 0.525 QY + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
21 W = 1.04D - 0.525 QY + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
22 W = 1.04D + 0.525 qx_dynamic + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
23 W = 1.04D + 0.525 qy_dynamic + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
24 W = 1.04D + 0.525 QX + 0.75 L
25 W = 1.04D - 0.525 QX + 0.75 L
26 W = 1.04D + 0.525 QY + 0.75 L
27 W = 1.04D - 0.525 QY + 0.75 L
28 W = 1.04D + 0.525 qx_dynamic + 0.75 L
29 W = 1.04D + 0.525 qy_dynamic + 0.75 L
110
(6b)

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

W= 0.6D + W
(7)
30 W = 0.6D + W
31 W = 0.6D - W
32 W = 0.6D
W= 0.55D + 0.7 QE
33 W = 0.55D + 0.7 QX
34 W = 0.55D - 0.7 QX
35 W = 0.55D + 0.7 QY
36 W = 0.55D - 0.7 QY
37 W = 0.55D + 0.7 qx_dynamic
38 W = 0.55D + 0.7 qy_dynamic

01 W = D
02 W = D + L
03 W= D + Lr
04 W = D + 0.75 L +0.75 Lr
05 W = D + 0.75 L
06 W = D + W
07 W = D W
08 W =1.05 D + 0.7 QX
09 W =1.05 D - 0.7 QX
10 W =1.05 D + 0.7 QY
11 W =1.05 D - 0.7 QY
12 W =1.05 D + 0.7 qx_dynamic
13 W =1.05 D + 0.7 qY_dynamic
111
(8)

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

14 W = D + 0.75 W +0.75 L +0.75Lr

15 W = D - 0.75 W +0.75 L +0.75Lr
16 W = D + 0.75 W + 0.75 L
17 W = D - 0.75 W + 0.75 L
18 W = 1.04D + 0.525 QX + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
19 W = 1.04D - 0.525 QX + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
20 W= 1.04D + 0.525 QY + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
21 W = 1.04D - 0.525 QY + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
22 W = 1.04D + 0.525 qx_dynamic + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
23 W = 1.04D + 0.525 qy_dynamic + 0.75 L + 0.75Lr
24 W = 1.04D + 0.525 QX + 0.75 L
25 W = 1.04D - 0.525 QX + 0.75 L
26 W = 1.04D + 0.525 QY + 0.75 L
27 W = 1.04D - 0.525 QY + 0.75 L
28 W = 1.04D + 0.525 qx_dynamic + 0.75 L
29 W = 1.04D + 0.525 qy_dynamic + 0.75 L
30 W = 0.6D + W
31 W = 0.6D - W
32 W = 0.6D
33 W = 0.55D + 0.7 QX
34 W = 0.55D - 0.7 QX
35 W = 0.55D + 0.7 QY
36 W = 0.55D - 0.7 QY
37 W = 0.55D + 0.7 qx_dynamic
38 W = 0.55D + 0.7 qy_dynamic
112

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

Chapter 7 - ETABS 2013 Model
113

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.1 Grid System Data
114

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.2 Define Materials
115

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.3 Define Materials (Beams)
116

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.4 Frame Properties (Beams)
117

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.5 Frame Properties (Columns)
118

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.6 Slab Properties
119

Concrete Building
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7.7 Wall Properties
120

Concrete Building
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7.8 Define Diaphragm
121

Concrete Building
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7.9 Pier Labels
122

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.10 Define Response Spectrum Functions
123

Concrete Building
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7.11 Define Mass Source
124

Concrete Building
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7.12 Preset P-Delta Options
125

Concrete Building
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7.13 Modal Cases
126

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.14 Define Load Patterns
127

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.15 ASCE 7-10 Seismic Loading (EQx)
128

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.16 ASCE 7-10 Seismic Loading (EQy)
129

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.17 Wind Load Pattern ASCE 7-10
130

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.18 Shell Uniform Load Sets (Roof)
131

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.19 Shell Uniform Load Sets (Typical)
132

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.20 Load Cases
133

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.21 Load Case Data (qx_dynamic)
134

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.22 Load Case Data (qy_dynamic)
135

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.23 Load Combinations (Working)
136

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.24 Load Combinations (Ultimate)
137

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.25 Concrete Frame Design Preferences for ACI 318-11
138

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.26 Design Load Combination Selection Concrete Frame Design
139

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.27 Shear Wall Design Preferences for ACI 318-11
140

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.28 Design Load Combination Selection Wall Design
141

Concrete Building
Eng. Khaled Farouk

7.29 Live Load Reduction Factor
142

Design of High-Rise Reinforced Concrete Building

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Design of High-Rise Reinforced Concrete Building

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Design of High-Rise Reinforced

(Equivalent lateral Force & Modal