SECTION 6 MANHOLES, FRAMES, COVERS AND CLEANOUTS

6-01. General Requirements.

All manholes shall be precast concrete with monolithic bottoms and flexible neoprene boot
connections for inlet and outlet (Figures 12 & 13 ).
General: This specification is applicable for gray and ductile iron castings. All manufacturers
shall be approved suppliers and be able to demonstrate that there is an acceptable quality control
program at the producing foundry, prior to supplying castings.
Materials: Gray iron castings shall be manufactured from iron conforming to ASTM A48, Class
35B, as noted in section 3.1 of AASHTO M306. Ductile iron shall conform to ASTM A536. The
iron material used in products provided shall have a minimum recycled material content of 75%.
The recycled materials shall consist of post-consumer material.
Manufacture: Castings shall be of uniform quality, free from sand holes, gas holes, shrinkage,
cracks and other surface defects. Castings shall be ground smooth and well cleaned by shot
blasting. Bearing surfaces between manhole rings and covers or grates and frames shall be cast or
machined with such precision to prevent rocking. Cat dimensions may vary within accepted
foundry tolerances as outlined in the Iron Castings Handbook published by the American Foundry
Society, Inc. Nominally, casting dimensional tolerances shall be +/- 1/16 per foot. All
published casting weights are average and approximate values and shall vary +/- 5%. Castings
shall be furnished uncoated as per section 4.3.3 of AASHTO M306.
Proof Load Testing: All castings specified for traffic shall be rated heavy duty and shall have a
first article proof load test conducted. The results of the proof load test shall be made available to
the purchaser upon request. The proof load test shall be conducted in accordance with the method
and procedure that is outlined in AASHTO M306, Section 7.0, Proof Load Testing. The casting
shall be tested on a suitable and calibrated load testing machine and the casting shall hold a
40,000 pound proof load for one minute without experiencing any cracks or detrimental
permanent deformation.
Inspection: Inspections shall be in accordance with 9.9.9 (refer to above Proof Load Testing) or
9.1.2 of AASHTO M306. Results of these tests shall be furnished to the purchaser upon request.
The head or production date and product numbers, as cast on the casting, shall be the basis of
traceability and recording of the tests.
Certification: A foundry certification shall be furnished to the purchaser stating that the samples
representing each lot have been tested, inspected, and are in accordance with this specification.
Markings: Each casting shall be identifiable and show, at a minimum, the following: Name of
the producing foundry, country of manufacture, ASTM material designation, recycle symbol,
individual part number, cast or heat date. Castings shall include all lettering as shown on the
specification drawings.
Sampling: Random checks on the castings may be conducted by the purchaser. These random
checks shall be conducted in accordance with AASHTO M306, Section 6.0 guidelines.
Records: Test results for each lot of castings shall be maintained by the foundry for a minimum
of seven years and shall be made available to the purchaser upon request.

Rockbridge County Public Service Authority

Construction Rules and Regulations

Revised February 12, 2008

Page 6-1

6-02. Frames, Covers and Setups.

Standard gray cast iron frames and covers all covers shall be marked SANITARY SEWER, shall
meet ASTM-A-48 Class 35B specifications and be:
US Foundry (USF-576-BH-V-W/2-1 DA Holes) for vented; (USF-576-BH-ORS) for selfsealing water-tight; (USF-576-BH- ORS -BWT) for bolted water-tight. Or
East Jordan Iron Works, Inc (Product No# 00104010 Catalog NO# 1040Z) Frame and
(Product No# 00104170 Catalog No# 1040C) Cover for vented; (Product No# 00104010
Catalog No# 1040Z) Frame and (Product No# 00104172 Catalog No# 1040AGS) Cover for
self-sealing water-tight; (Product No# 00104014 Catalog No# 10401ZPT) Frame (Product
No# 00104065 Catalog No# 1040APTGS) Cover for bolted water-tight. Or
Neenah Foundry Company (R1642 Lid W/2 open pick Holes and R1916-F Frame) for
vented; (R1642 Lid w/concealed pick holes & self sealing gasket W/ R1916-F Frame) for
self-sealing water-tight; (R1916-F) for bolted water-tight.
Setups shall be furnished and installed at all locations indicated on the drawings. Castings shall
conform to the details and dimensions shown on the drawings. Water-tight covers provided with
bolts and gaskets shall be required in all low lying areas subject to flooding. Frames and covers
shall have a complete joint of bitumastic so the complete width of the frame between frame and
concrete manhole is sealed (Figures 15a, 15b and 16).
6-03. Precast Concrete Manholes and Cleanouts.
Precast concrete manholes with monolithic bottoms conforming to the following specifications
shall be used (Figure 12). Manholes shall be made by Hanson, Americast or approved equal. No
inverts shall be built in the field unless pre-approved by Authority. All manholes shall have preformed inverts and flow channels. No doghouse style manholes shall be used on existing sewer
mains. All cut-in manholes shall behave solid pre-formed bottoms as listed above using ROMAC
Mod 501 8.55 9.40 sewer couplings for AC to plastic, HARCO S-RC- * repair couplings for
plastic to plastic reconnects, or approved equal. All other methods shall be pre-approved prior to
construction by engineer and Authority. All clean-out boxes shall be cast-iron and shall be
marked (S) or SEWER. Material shall meet ASTM-A-48 Class 35B Specifications and shall be
US FOUNDRY- 7610 W/FC Cover, NEENAH FOUNDRY COMPANY R-1975-A marked (S)
or SEWER, East Jordan Iron Works, Inc. (Product No# 156611 Catalog No# 1566Z) Frame and
(Product No# 00156622 Catalog No# 1566A Cover Handhole Ring & FE Cover, or approved
equal.
A.

The walls of the manholes shall have a minimum thickness of 5 inches and shall be
constructed of Class A3 reinforced concrete with a compressive strength of 3000 psi at 28
days in accordance with applicable sections of these specifications. The base slab shall be
a minimum of 12 inches in thickness, have a minimum outside diameter of 5 feet to 10
inches, and shall be constructed of Class A3 reinforced concrete with a compressive
strength of 3000 psi.

B.

The joints between the sections shall be tongue and groove and completely filled with two
(2) coats of Bitumastic No. 50 or with an "O" ring rubber gasket conforming to ASTM
Designation C-443. In addition to two (2) coats of Bitumastic 50, all joints shall be sealed
on the exterior with a smooth coat of cement mortar or banal encapsulated steel.

Rockbridge County Public Service Authority

Construction Rules and Regulations

Revised February 12, 2008

Page 6-2

C.

Standard manhole steps shall be cast iron and as indicated on the attached details or
approved equal and shall be securely placed in position in the manhole sections during the
manufacturing operations of the sections.

D.

Inlet and outlet connections shall be made with flexible joints as illustrated in the standard
details.

E.

The minimum inside diameter of the standard manhole sections shall conform to those
indicated on the standard details.

F.

The uppermost section of the manhole shall be tapered to conform to the inside diameters
indicated on the standard details and shall be a minimum of 2 feet in length. The
intermediate straight sections may be either 3 or 4 feet in length and the length of the
lower sections shall be three (3) times the inside diameter of the largest sewer pipe
entering the section and in no cases less than 2 feet.

G.

A drop pipe shall be provided for a sewer entering a manhole at an elevation of 24 inches
or more above the manhole invert. Where the difference in elevation between the
incoming sewer and the manhole invert is less than 24 inches, the invert shall be filleted to
prevent solids deposition (Figures 13 & 13a).
The flow channel through manholes shall be of the shape and slope to provide smooth
transition between inlet and outlet sewers and to reduce turbulence. Benches shall be
sloped to the channel to prevent accumulation of solids (Figure 16).

H.

Rockbridge County Public Service Authority

Construction Rules and Regulations

Revised February 12, 2008

Page 6-3