PRONUNCIATION (Cch pht m)

I. CCH PHT M -S/-ES

- C 3 cch pht m s hoc es tn cng.
* c thnh m /iz/ vi nhng t c m cui l / s, z, , t, d /
* c thnh m /s/ vi nhng t c m cui l / p, t, k, f, /
* c thnh m /z/ vi nhng trng hp cn li
- Examples:
* /iz/: buses, watches, roses, washes, boxes..
* /s/: maps, books, hats, coughs, laughs, photographs .
* /z/: bells, eyes, plays .
II. CCH PHT M ED
- C 3 cch pht m ed tn cng.
* c thnh m /id/ vi nhng t c m cui l / t, d /
* c thnh m /t/ vi nhng t c m cui l /p, f, k, s, , t, /
* c thnh m /d/ vi nhng trng hp cn li
- Examples:
* /id/: wanted, needed, prevented, confided .
* /t/: looked, stopped, laughed, coughed, sacrificed..
* /d/: played, seemed, planned.
III. TRNG M CA NHNG T C HAI M TIT
- Trng m ch c t trn t gc. Phn c hem vo (tip u ng hay tip v ng) khng
c tnh l vn/m tit.
1. Danh t v tnh t:
- Trng m c t vn u
Ex: table, happy, lucky, weather
- Mt s danh t c trng m t gc
Ex: design, belief, accept, demand..
- Danh t tn cng OO hay OON: trng m t trn vn ny
Ex: afternoon, bamboo, balloon..
2. ng t:
- ng t tn cng bng OW, -EN, -Y, -EL, -LE, -ISH: trng m vn th nht
Ex: follow, finish, carry, suffer, harden, answer
- ng t tn cng bng ATE: trng m t vn hai
Ex: translate, create..
3. T hai vn va l danh t va l ng t:
a. Trng m c t vn th nht khi chng l danh t
Ex: record, object
IV.
Trng m c t vn th hai khi chng l ng t
Ex: record, object
Note: Khng phi tt c cc t hai vn va l danh t v l ng t u theo qui tt ny
Mt s t c trng m vn th nht: purchase, promise, sorrow..
Mt s t c trng m vn th hai: regret, surprise, control.

4. Gii t: trng m c t t gc
Ex: behind, before, above..
5. T ghp:
- Danh t: trng m thng t t u
Ex: baseball, schoolbag, drugstore..
- Tnh t: trng m thng t vn th hai
Ex: good-looking, bad-tempered, old-fashioned
6. i t phn thn: trng m t vn self / selves
Ex: myself, himself, themselves
IV. TRNG M CA NHNG T C BA M TIT
- Nhng t c hu t l: -ade, -ee, -ese, -ette, -ique, -eer, -ain th trng m chnh ri vo ngay
m tit
Ex: lemonade, cigarette, Vietnamese,
- m tit lin trc cc hu t -tion, thng nhn trng m
Ex:, translation
- T tn cng bng ate thng t m th 3 tnh t cui
Ex: generate, certificate, congratulate
V. TRNG M CA NHNG T C BA M TIT TR LN
- m tit lin trc cc hu t -ical, -ual, -ian, -ical, -ity, -graphy, -ics, -logythng nhn
trng m
Ex: economic, university, politician, sociology, mathematics
- t m th 2 trc cc hu t -ize, -ary
Ex: modernize, dictionary, imaginary