Sabila Mahpud

10H
Bio-Lit

CLONING IN SHEEP (DOLLY)

What is cloning?

The term cloning describes a number of different processes

that can be used to produce genetically identical copies of a
biological entity. The copied material, which has the same
genetic makeup as the original, is referred to as a clone.
Researchers have cloned a wide range of biological materials,
including genes, cells, tissues and even entire organisms, such
as a sheep.

Dolly the Sheep

Dolly was a female domestic sheep and the first mammal

cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear
transfer. Dolly was cloned by Ian Wilmut, Keith Campbell and
colleagues at the Roslin Institute, part of the University of
Edinburg, Scotland and the biotechnology company PPL
Therapeutics and the UKs Ministry of Agriculture. She was
born on 5 July 1996 and died frm a progressive lung disease 5
months before her seventh birthday.
The cell used as the donor for the cloning of Dolly was taken
from a mammary gland, and the production of a healthy clone
therefore proved that a cell taken from a specific part of the
body could recreate a whole individual. On Dolly's name,
Wilmut stated "Dolly is derived from a mammary gland cell
and we couldn't think of a more impressive pair of glands
than Dolly Parton's".
The cloning process
that produced Dolly

Process of cloning
1. Chemically "cut" the gene you want to study from the DNA strand

2. Attach target gene to a small, circular piece of DNA.Together, this

is called a plasmid, which serves as the vehicle for transporting the
gene.

3. Put the plasmid into an E. coli cell (or another type of bacteria).
As each E. coli cell divides, each new cell contains a copy of the
plasmid containing the gene.

4. Grow a lot of E. coli cells

5. Once your E. coli population has reached your desired number of

cells, break apart the E. Coli cells using a chemical that dissolves
the cell wall.

6. Filter the mixture of broken E. coli cells and collect only the
plasmids containing the gene.

7. Put the plasmids into human cells. The type of cell varies
depending on the research.

8. Over time, the plasmid will be incorporated into the host cell DNA
and the new gene will change the proteins produced.

9. Observe physical changes between the cells with the plasmid and
those without.

Is it ethical? Are we playing God? Whats the

science behind it?

Personally I think its ethical since it is used for a good cause

And since it is a cloning process it is considered an act of
playing God because we are giving or creating a life when its
only Gods power/job to give lifes towards living things
The science behind it is the cloning