Annotated Bibliography

Man Gia Huynh

Abstract
The highest form of victimization that goes unreported is rape. Rape is one of the more sensitive
topics to be discussed in a normal conversation. Teens and young adults are the ones who are
change every day along with trying to adjust to the reality of growing up so of course they will
be affected. In both high school and college, there is a pressure to have sex from peers and just
society in general so teens feel as if they need to have sex in order to fit in with their own
discourse community. Yet there always has to be consent given from both sides to have sex, if
there is no consent then this is rape. Many teens dont understand this concept due to the
misinformation given and they are scared to admit that this situation happened to them.
Nowadays there are more resources given out to the community to help inform students of what
rape really is such as presentations with people who have the courage to discuss their personal
experience and programs put into place to help anyone who is in this kind of situation. In El
Paso, high schools rarely discuss rape as an important issue however once in college there is
more awareness to the topic yet no belief that any of the resources actually work. Students need
to have more information about any situation that can lead to rape and how to react in the right
way.

Sources
Baker, K. (1999). WHAT RAPE IS AND WHAT IT OUGHT NOT TO BE. Jurimetrics, 39(3),
233-242. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/29762605
Baker expresses the difference between both the genders differences and what rape is.
There is also mention of how to prevent rape from occurring as well as how men feel about rape.
The motivation for men to rape, according to Baker is there are social norms being placed and
they are move socially motivated to rape a woman to get the beneficial feeling of pleasure after.
One of the main purpose of this book is to explain why rape is hard to punish as well as how the
law of rape has changed throughout the years.
Cowan, G., & Campbell, R. (1995). Rape Causal Attitudes among Adolescents. The Journal of
Sex Research, 32(2), 145-153. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3812966
The authors look into how many adolescent females have been victims of rape before the
age of 18 in some sort of way. According to the authors there are five causes that lead to rape
including the male dominance, society, the female precipitation, and the male pathology. This
cause is mainly based on how males and how the can be at fault more than the female. All this
research was done in a high school environment that lead to the strong beliefs that the gender
separation.
GILMARTIN-ZENA, P. (1988). Gender Differences In Students' Attitudes Toward Rape.
Sociological Focus, 21(4), 279-292. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/20831485

The author discusses the change in both the male and females views throughout the
different ages as well as show how there are gender difference in the views of rape. The
interesting part of this article is that this was conducted on students in both male and female to
see their thoughts on rape and who would be more likely to reject as well as report rape. The
author includes the myths believed by others about rape.
Travis, C. B. (2003). Evolution, gender, and rape. Mit Press.
Travis is discussing what the difference between both genders react to rape and how there
is no difference to either sides when reporting the rape to the police. Throughout the first few
pages there is discussion on how evolution and the biology of both male and females are
structured and how some rape situations are carried out. By using this book, it will allow more
information to understand about the mentality of how woman are seen as and how men see
themselves as. This leads to the explanation of how media plays a role in influencing the
prejudgment of each gender and how there are different type of rape models/examples there are.
Withey, C. (2010). Rape and Sexual Assault Education: Where is the Law? New Criminal Law
Review: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal, 13(4), 802-825. doi:1. Retrieved from
http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/nclr.2010.13.4.802 doi:1
This includes how there are programs made to help the rape victims yet they arent made
an importance as they should be. There is little knowledge given to adolescences and the society
in general about the seriousness of rape and how everyone should be able to handle this situation.