CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

List of Topics - BIOLOGY

List of Chapters, Topics and Sub topics

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

List of Topics - BIOLOGY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter
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Page No.

Characteristics of Living Organisms

Classification and Diversity of Living
Organisms
Simple Keys
Cell Structures and Organisation
Levels of Organisation
Size of Specimens
Movement In and Out of Cells
Enzymes
Human Nutrition
Plant Nutrition
Digestion and Absorption
Transport in Plants
Transport in Humans
Respiration
Excretion in Humans
Co-ordination and Response
Reproduction in Plants
Reproduction in Humans
Growth and Development
Genetics and Evolution
Organisms and their Environment
Human Influences on the Ecosystem

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CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

List of Topics - BIOLOGY
1.

CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Characteristics of Living Organisms

2.

CLASSIFICATION AND DIVERSITY OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Binomial Nomenclature

Principles of Classification

Prokanyotes and Eukanyotes

Zea Mays

Panthera Leo

Homo Sapiens

Virus

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Bacteriophage

Bacteria

Shapes of Bacteria

Bacteria cell as seen under the Electron Microscope

Fungi

Fungi

Flowering Plants - Monocots and Dicots

Flowering Plants Monocots and Dicots

Differences between Monocots and Dicots

Nematoda

Nematoda

Annelida

Annelida

Arthropoda

Classes of Arthropoda

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Insecta

Arachnida

Crustacea

Myriapoda

Mollusca

Mollusca

Vertebrates

Vertebrates

Pisces and Amphibia

Reptilia and Aves

Mammalia

3.

SIMPLE KEYS

Use of Simple Dichotomous Keys

Different types of leaves

Arthropods

Organisms in a Compost Heap

Organisms in a Compost Heap Interactivity

Organisms in a Freshwater Pond

Organisms in a Freshwater Pond - Interactivity

4.

CELL STRUCTURES AND ORGANISATION

Plant Cell

Leaf

Animal Cell

Liver

5.

LEVELS OF ORGANISATION

Plant Tissue

Root Hair Cells

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

List of Topics - BIOLOGY

Xylem Tissue

Animal Tissue

Blood Tissue

Muscle Tissue

Ciliated Cells

Organ

Heart

Stomach

Kidneys

Organ System

Muscular System

Circulatory system

Skeletal System

6.

SIZE OF SPECIMENS

Magnification

Magnification of the Microscope

Magnification of the Drawing

7.

MOVEMENT IN AND OUT OF CELLS

Diffusion

Introduction

Diffusion 1

Diffusion - 2

Diffusion - 3

Importance of Diffusion

Gaseous Exchange in Lungs

Gaseous Exchange in Leaf

Respiration

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Active Transport

Active Transport-1

Active Transport-2

Importance of Active Transport

Villi

Osmosis

Osmosis -1

Osmosis -2

Importance of Osmosis

Movement of water from the soil into the Roots

Stomatal Opening and Closing

Venus Fly Trap

Effect of Osmosis in Plant Cells

Effect of Osmosis in Plant Cells

Effect of Osmosis in Animal Cell

Hypotonic Solution

Hypertonic Solution

Concept of Water Potential Gradient

Concept of Water Potential Gradient

8.

ENZYMES

Introduction

What are Enzymes?

Enzymes are Biological Catalysts

Carbohydrases

Proteases

Lipases

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

List of Topics - BIOLOGY

Types of Enzymes

Intracellular

Extracellular

Mechanism of Enzyme Action

Lock and Key Mechanism

Enzymes and Activation Energy

Graph

Enzymes and Temperature

Effect of Varying Temperatures on Enzymes

Effect of Heat on Egg Albumen

Enzymes and pH

Role of pH

Graph

Enzymes and Seed Germination

Role of Enzymes in Seed Germination

Enzymes and Industry

Role of Enzymes in various Industries

Enzymes in the Field of Medicine

Glucometer

Manufacture of Enzymes

Role of Fermenters in the Manufacture of Enzymes

9.

HUMAN NUTRITION

Nutrition

Various items of Food

Carbohydrates

The Molecular Structure

Sources of Carbohydrates

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

List of Topics - BIOLOGY

Test for Glucose

Test for Starch

Functions of Carbohydrates

Heartbeat

Contraction of Muscle

Conduction of Impulses

Protein

Structure of Protein

Foods rich in Protein

Test for Protein

Functions of Protein

Growth

Formation of Enzymes

Fat

Structure of Fat

Sources of Fat

Functions of Fat

Test for Fat

Vitamins

Sources of Vitamins C

Functions of Vitamin C

Sources of Vitamin D

Functions of Vitamin D

Minerals

Sources of Calcium

Functions of Calcium

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Sources of Iron

Functions of Iron

Roughage

Sources of Roughage

Function of Roughage

Water

Functions of Water

Additives

Various types of Additives

Microorganisms and Food Industry

Bacteria

Yeast

10.

PLANT NUTRITION

Introduction

What is Photosynthesis?

Equation for Photosynthesis

Structure of a Leaf

Cross section of a Leaf

Functions of Stomata, Mesophyll , Vascular Bundle and Xylem

Tissue

Functions of Stomata

Functions of Mesophyll Tissue

Functions of Vascular Bundle

Functions of Xylem Tissue

Process of Photosynthesis

Structure of the Chloroplast

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Limiting Factors

Graph

Use of Greenhouse Systems

Greenhouse

Importance and Deficiency of Nitrate and Magnesium ions

Importance and Deficiency of Nitrate ions

Importance and Deficiency of Magnesium ions

Dangers and Overuse of Nitrogen Fertilizers

Eutrophication

Experiments on Photosynthesis

Starch is manufactured during Photosynthesis

Light is necessary for Photosynthesis

Chlorophyll is necessary for Photosynthesis

Oxygen is evolved during Photosynthesis

Carbon Dioxide is necessary for Photosynthesis

11.

DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION

Importance of Food

Food as a source for Growth

Food as a source for Energy

Food as a source for Tissue Repair

Balanced Diet

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins etc

Malnutrition

World Population

Teeth in Man Types ,Functions and Taking Care

Types of Teeth

Tooth Decay

10

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

List of Topics - BIOLOGY

Digestive System and Digestion

Parts of the Digestive System

Digestion in different parts of the Digestive System

Mechanical Digestion and Chemical Digestion

Carbohydrates

Protein

Fats

Absorption and Egestion

Villi

Egestion

Assimilation

Function of liver

Effects of Alcohol

Amount of Alcohol

Effects of Alcohol

12.

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS

Root Hair Cell

Absorption by Root Hair Cell

Ascent for Sap

Conduction by Xylem Vessels

Transpiration

Stomatal Transpiration

Factors Affecting Transpiration

Wilting

Translocation of Sucrose

Conduction by Phloem Vessels

Systemic Pesticides

11

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Adaptations of Plants to various Habitats

Adaptations in Xerophytes

Mesophytes

Hydrophytes

Halophytes

13.

TRANSPORT IN HUMANS

Circulatory System in Man

Circulation in Man

Need for Transport in Man

Types of Circulatory Systems

Single Circulatory System in Fish

Double Circulatory System in Man

Diagrammatic Representation of Circulation in Man

Structure and Function of the Heart

Position of the Heart

Longitudinal Section of the Heart

Working of the Heart

Composition and Function of the Blood

Composition of the Blood

Microscopic Examination of Blood

Structure and Function of Arteries, Veins and Capillaries

Arterial and venous System in Man

Capillary Bed

Blood Flow in an Artery

Blood Flow in a Vein

Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries

12

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

List of Topics - BIOLOGY

Function of Blood

Transport of Hormones

Transport of Heat

Transport of Oxygen

Transport of Wastes-Urea

Immune System

Antibody Production

Tissue Rejection

Phagocytosis by White Blood Cells

Clotting of Blood

Lymphatic System

Flow of Lymph

Lymph Production

Lymph Food Supply

Exercise and Heartbeat

Exercise and Heartbeat

Causes of Heart Attack

Coronary Artery and Vein

Prevention and Measure

Preventive Measures to avoid Heart Attack

14.

RESPIRATION

Gaseous Exchange in Animals

Amoeba

Grasshopper

Aerobic Respiration

Fuel for a Car Petrol

Fuel for Man Food

13

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

List of Topics - BIOLOGY

Summary of Aerobic Respiration

ATP

Uses of Energy

Uses of Energy

Gaseous Exchange in Man

Lungs

Role of Cilia and Goblet Cells

Structure of the Alveoli

Inspiration and Expiration

Differences between Inspired and Expired Air

Experiment

Effects of Physical Exercise

Exercise and Lungs

Spirometer

Smoking and its Harmful Effects

Effects of Smoking

Lung Cancer

Nicotine Addiction

Emphysema

Methods to Stop Smoking

Anaerobic Respiration in Muscles

Anaerobic Respiration in Muscles

Anaerobic Respiration in Yeast

Anaerobic Respiration in Yeast

Role of Yeast in Brewing and Bread Making

Brewing

Bread Making

14

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Comparison of Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration

Comparison of Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration

15.

EXCRETION IN HUMANS

Define Excretion

Excretion Skin , Lungs and Urinary System

Structure and Function of Kidney

Urinary System

Internal Structure of Kidney

Urine Formation

Formation of Urea in the Liver

Deamination

Dialysis

Kidney Failure

Kidney Transplant and Tissue Rejection

16.

CO-ORDINATION AND RESPONSE

Chemical Co-ordination

Role of Auxins in Growth

Role of Auxins in Growth

Auxins and Cell Elongation

Auxins and Phototropism

Role of Auxins in Growth

Role of Auxins in Growth

Role of Auxins in Growth

Tropism

Geotropism

Phototropism

15

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Taxic Response

Response to Light

Thigmonasty in Touch me not Plant

Nervous Co- ordination

Central Nervous System

Motor and Sensory Nerve

Effectors Muscle and Gland

Antagonistic Muscle

Voluntary and Involuntary Actions

Simple Reflex

Sense Organ

Structure of the Eye

Accomodation of the Eye

Myopia (Short Sight)

Corrected Myopia

Hypermetropia (Long Sight)

Corrected Hypermetropia

Pupil Reflex

Homeostasis

Heat Regulation

Glucose Balance

Negative Feedback

Drugs

Effects and Consequences of Alcohol

17.

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

Asexual Reproduction

Binary Fission in Bacteria

16

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Spore Formation in Bread Mould

Vegetative Reproduction in Potato

Sexual Reproduction in Plants

Floral Parts

Pollination

Self Pollination

Cross Pollination

Characteristics of Insects Pollinated Flowers

Characteristics of Wind Pollinated Flowers

Fertilizers

Double Fertilization

Fruit and Seed Formation

Dispersal of Fruits and Seeds

Wind Dispersed Fruits and Seeds

Animal Dispersed Fruits and Seeds

Dicotyledenous Seed

Non Endospermic Bean Seed

18.

REPRODUCTION IN HUMANS

Reproductive System

Male reproductive System

Structure of a Sperm

Female Reproductive System

Structure of an Egg or Ovum

Menstrual Cycle

The Menstrual Cycle

Diagrammatic Representation

Roles of Hormones -Graph

17

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Sexual Intercourse, Fertilization

Fertilization

Implantation

Implantation of the Embryo

Amniotic Sac and Amniotic Fluid

Functions of Amniotic Sac and Amniotic Fluid

Placenta

Role of the Placenta

Birth

Birth

Ante -Natal Care

Breast Feeding compared with Bottle Feeding

Various Methods of Birth Control

Methods of Birth Control

In-Vitro Fertilization

Use of Hormones in Fertility Drugs and IVF

STD (Sexually Transmitted Diseases)

Signs and Symptoms of Gonorrhoea

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Modes of Transmission of the Virus

Effects of HIV on the Immune System

19.

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

Growth and Development

Increase in Complexity

Factors Affecting Germination

Role of Moisture, Air and Temperature

18

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

List of Topics - BIOLOGY
20.

GENETICS AND EVOLUTION

Inheritance

Family

Babies

Chromosome, Gene, Haploid, Diploid

Chromosome, Gene, Allele

Diploid and Haploid Nuclei

Inheritance of Sex in Humans

Sex Determination in Humans

Mitosis

Stages

Meiosis

Stages

Phenotype, Genotype Homozygous, Heterozygous Dominant,

Recessive

Phenotype, Genotype

Homozygous, Heterozygous

Dominant , Recessive

Monohybrid Cross

Monohybrid Cross

Monohybrid Test Cross

Incomplete Dominance

Co- Dominance

Blood Groups

Variations

Continuous Variations

Discontinuous Variations

19

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Mutation

Effects of Radiation and Chemical

Chromosomal Mutation

Gene Mutation

Selection

Natural Selection Example 1

Natural Selection Example 2

Antibiotic Resistance

Artificial Selection

New Varieties of Plants

Genetic Engineering

Genetic Engineering

Human Insulin

21.

ORGANISMS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

Introduction

Habitat, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Ecology

Producers, Consumers, Predator, Prey

Energy Flow

Acyclic Flow of Energy

Energy Flow in an Ecosystem

Food Chain

Food Chain

Comparison of 2-Step and 3-Step Food Chain

Food Web

Food web

Pyramid

Pyramid of Number

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CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Pyramid of Biomass

Water Cycle

Water cycle

Carbon Cycle

Carbon Cycle

Nitrogen Cycle

Nitrogen Cycle

Effects of Deforestation and Combustion of Fossil Fuels

Deforestation

Combustion of Fossil Fuels

Population

Population Growth

Population Graph

22.

HUMAN INFLUENCES ON THE ECOSYSTEM

Agriculture

Modern Technology and Food Production

Deforestation

Effects of Deforestation Soil erosion

Effects of Deforestation Global Warming

Over use of Fertilizers on Land

Effects of DDT

Pollution

Water Pollution by Sewage and Chemical Wastes

Air Pollution

Significance of Non-Biodegradable Plastics

Acid rain

Chemical Pollution

21

CYBER SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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Conservation

Natural Resources

Wind Mill

Biogas

Conservation of Water Sewage Treatment

Recycling of Paper

22