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WhatisPrototyping?
(/interviews/show/78/whatisprototyping)
Prototypingistheprocessofquicklyputtingtogetheraworkingmodelinordertotestvariousaspectsofadesign,illustrateideasorfeatures&gatherearly
userfeedback.Itisbelievedtoreduceprojectrisksandcost.

WhatisTestDrivenDevelopment(TDD)?
(/interviews/show/270/whatistestdrivendevelopmenttdd)
TDDisasoftwaredevelopmentmethodologyinvolvingrepeatedlywritingtestcasesforclassesandthenbuildingthecorrespondingclassestoimplementonly
thecodenecessarytosuccessfulpassthetests.
Formoreterminologyvisit:http://www.headspringsystems.com/terminology.jsp

WhatisDomaindrivendesign(DDD)?
(/interviews/show/271/whatisdomaindrivendesignddd)
Domaindrivendesign(DDD)isanapproachtothedesignofsoftware,basedonthetwopremisesthatcomplexdomaindesignsshouldbebasedonamodel,
andthat,formostsoftwareprojects,theprimaryfocusshouldbeonthedomainanddomainlogic(asopposedtobeingtheparticulartechnologyusedto
implementthesystem).
Fordetailvisit:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domaindriven_design

WhatisSRP?
(/interviews/show/278/whatissrp)
SRPstandsforSingleResponsibilityPrinciple.Thisstatesthataclassshouldhaveonlyonereasontochange.Ifaclassisdoingtoomuch(i.e.hittingtheDB,
writingfiles,doingbusinesslogic,callingawebservice,etc,itsviolatingSRP.Itwillbeverydifficulttochangelatershouldweneedtochangeit,anditwill
likelybepronetohavemoredefects.
SRPappliestothemethodsorinaclassalso.Thetwoareinseparable.Aclass,orobject,isthecombinationofitsdataanditsbehavior.
Formoredetailsreadthisdocument:SingleResponsibilityPrinciple
http://www.objectmentor.com/resources/articles/srp.pdf
Source:WithinputfromChadMyers

TheIHttpHandlerandIHttpHandlerFactoryinterfaces?
(/interviews/show/667/theihttphandlerandihttphandlerfactoryinterfaces)
TheIHttpHandlerinterfaceisimplementedbyallthehandlers.TheinterfaceconsistsofonepropertycalledIsReusable.TheIsReusablepropertygetsavalue
indicatingwhetheranotherrequestcanusetheIHttpHandlerinstance.ThemethodProcessRequest()allowsyoutoprocessthecurrentrequest.Thisisthe
coreplacewhereallyourcodegoes.ThismethodreceivesaparameteroftypeHttpContextusingwhichyoucanaccesstheintrinsicobjectssuchasRequest
andResponse.TheIHttpHandlerFactoryinterfaceconsistsoftwomethodsGetHandlerandReleaseHandler.TheGetHandler()methodinstantiatesthe
requiredHTTPhandlerbasedonsomeconditionandreturnsitbacktoASP.NET.TheReleaseHandler()methodallowsthefactorytoreuseanexistinghandler.

Whataredesignpatterns
(/interviews/show/2020/whataredesignpatterns)
Designpatternsarerecurringsolutiontorecurringproblemsinsoftwarearchitecture

WhatisServiceOrientedarchitecture
(/interviews/show/2025/whatisserviceorientedarchitecture)
SOAisalogicalencapsulationofselfcontainedbusinessfunctionality.ToknowcompletelyaboutSOAvisit
http://www.dotnetfunda.com/articles/article204.aspx(http://www.dotnetfunda.com/articles/article204.aspx)onthiswebsite.

AnswerEdited:

Howtoavoidadding"SmartTags"toyourpagewhendisplayedbyXPserver?
(/interviews/show/2333/howtoavoidaddingsmarttagstoyourpagewhendisplayedbyxpserve)
Itcanbeachievedbyametatagonthepagethesyntaxis
<meta name="MSSmartTagsPreventParsing" content="TRUE">

Howmanydesignpatternsarethereandwhatarethey?
(/interviews/show/2437/howmanydesignpatternsarethereandwhatarethey)
AccordingtoGangOfFour,therearethreetypesofDesignPattern(Visithttp://dofactory.com/Patterns/Patterns.aspx
(http://dofactory.com/Patterns/Patterns.aspx)formoredetails)
1.Creational
2.Structural
3.Behavioral

CreationalDesignPattern
AbstractFactoryCreatesaninstanceofseveralfamiliesofclasses
BuilderSeparatesobjectconstructionfromitsrepresentation
FactoryMethodCreatesaninstanceofseveralderivedclasses
PrototypeAfullyinitializedinstancetobecopiedorcloned
SingletonAclassofwhichonlyasingleinstancecanexist

StructuralDesignPattern
AdapterMatchinterfacesofdifferentclasses
BridgeSeparatesanobjectsinterfacefromitsimplementation
CompositeAtreestructureofsimpleandcompositeobjects
DecoratorAddresponsibilitiestoobjectsdynamically
FacadeAsingleclassthatrepresentsanentiresubsystem
FlyweightAfinegrainedinstanceusedforefficientsharing
ProxyAnobjectrepresentinganotherobject

BehavioralDesignPattern
ChainofResp.Awayofpassingarequestbetweenachainofobjects
CommandEncapsulateacommandrequestasanobject
InterpreterAwaytoincludelanguageelementsinaprogram
IteratorSequentiallyaccesstheelementsofacollection
MediatorDefinessimplifiedcommunicationbetweenclasses
MementoCaptureandrestoreanobject'sinternalstate
ObserverAwayofnotifyingchangetoanumberofclasses
StateAlteranobject'sbehaviorwhenitsstatechanges
StrategyEncapsulatesanalgorithminsideaclass
TemplateMethodDefertheexactstepsofanalgorithmtoasubclass
VisitorDefinesanewoperationtoaclasswithoutchange
Abovepatternanddescriptionhasbeencopiedfromhttp://dofactory.com/Patterns/Patterns.aspx(http://dofactory.com/Patterns/Patterns.aspx)for
informationandknowledgepurpose.

WhatisMVCPattern?
(/interviews/show/3956/whatismvcpattern)
MVC:
ModelViewController.MVCpatternseperatestheGUIfromtheData.
ItiscommonlyusedinADO.NETprogramminginASP.NET(example)
MVCincontextwithADO.NET/ASP.NET
MVCpatternseparatesobjectsintothreeimportantsections:
Model:Thissectionisspeciallyformaintainingdata.Itisactuallywherewewrite
codefordatabaseconnectivity,methodsofDataReader,DataAdapter,properties
forpassingdataandwritingvalidations
eg:BusinessAccessLayerclass,DataAccessLayerclass.
View:Designofthe.aspxpage(Themarkuporthepresentationlayer)
Controller:Theyareeventhandlingsectionwhichaffectseitherthemodelortheview.(eg:.aspx.cs)

DifferencebetweenaLayerandTier?
(/interviews/show/4171/differencebetweenalayerandtier)
Layer:
Itreferstotheseparationofthelogic(i.ethecodeanddesign)thatisdevelopedforanapplicationindifferentfiles.
Tier:
ItreferstothephysicallocationoftheLayerfiles.
example:
InanASP.NETwebsite,wecreateGUIwebforms,businesslogic,dataaccess
logic,databaseallinonecomputer.Inthiscase,wehave4layersand1Tier.
iftheGUIWebForms,businesslogic,dataaccesslogicanddatabaseareallin
differentcomputers,wehave4layersand4Tiers.

InwhatscenariosweshouldnotuseDesignPatterns?
(/interviews/show/4185/inwhatscenariosweshouldnotusedesignpatterns)

Weshouldnotnotusedesignpatternsinfollowingscenarios
Whenthesoftwareisbeingdesignedanditwouldnotchangewithtimeandnewrequirements.
Whentherequirementsofthesourcecodeofaparticularapplicationareuniqueandsame.

Bestnamingconventionstoinitializevariables?
(/interviews/show/4481/bestnamingconventionstoinitializevariables)
Manynewdevelopersdonotconcentrateonprefixesofthevariabledeclarations.Buttheseinitializationplaysamajorrolebecauseforlargeprojectsasingle
modulewillnotbehandledbyasingleindividualsoitmustbegenericthateveryoneintheteamshouldunderstandforwhatpurposeaparticularvariable
hasbeendeclaredbyjustreadingitsnameitself.Sothesearethegenericstepstoinitializevariables.

DataTypeExamplePrefix

BooleanblnResultbln
BytebytYesbyt
CharchrSelectchr
DatedatStartdat
DoubledblSalarydbl
DecimaldecAveragedec
IntegerintStdidint
LonglngValuelng
SinglesglStocksql
ShortshoShortsho
StringstrEmpNamestr
ObjectobjSourceobj

Whatareallthethreetestcasesthatyoushouldconsiderduringunittesting?
(/interviews/show/4527/whatareallthethreetestcasesthatyoushouldconsiderduringunit)
Thethreetestcasesare:
1.PositivetestcasesWiththisweneedtoprovidecorrectdataandtestforcorrectoutput
2.NegativetestcasesWeneedtocheckforbrokenormissingdata
3.ExceptiontestcasesWhethertheexceptionswhicharethrownarehandledproperlyornot

InSingletonDesignPattern,synchronizationisessential?
(/interviews/show/4627/insingletondesignpatternsynchronizationisessential)
InSingletonDesignPattern,synchronizationisessentialonlyforthefirsttimewhentheinstanceistobecreated.Whentheinstanceiscreatedthenit
becomesanoverheadforeachrequest.
public class Singleton
{
private static Singleton uniqueinstance;

private Singleton()
{
}

public static Singleton getinstance()

{
if(uniqueinstance == null)
{
uniqueinstance = new Singleton();
}
return uniqueinstance;
}
}

Intheabovecode,whenforthefirsttimegetinstancemethodiscalled,synchronizationisneeded.Afterthefirstinstanceiscreated,wenolongerneed
synchronization.
ThanksandRegards
Akiii

InSingletonPattern,howwillyoumakesurethatthreadingisdonewithminimaloverhead?
(/interviews/show/4628/insingletonpatternhowwillyoumakesurethatthreadingisdonewit)

public sealed class Singleton

{
private static volatile Singleton instance;
private static object syncRoot = new Object();

private Singleton() {}

public static Singleton Instance

{
get
{
if (instance == null)
{
lock (syncRoot)
{
if (instance == null)
instance = new Singleton();
}
}

return instance;
}
}
}

Intheabovecode,whentheSingletoninstanceiscreatedforthefirsttimethenitislockedandsynchronizedbutnextcallorsuccessivecallsmakesurethat
thelockisnotcheckedanymorebecauseaninstancealreadyexists.Thiswaytheoverheadofcheckingthelockminimizes.
ThedoublechecklockingapproachsolvesthethreadconcurrencyproblemswhileavoidinganexclusivelockineverycalltotheInstancepropertymethod.
ThanksandRegards
Akiii

Howmanydesignpatternscanbecreated?
(/interviews/show/4640/howmanydesignpatternscanbecreated)
Thereisnolimitincreatingadesignpattern.Designpatternsarebasedonreusability,objectcreationandcommunication.Designpatternscanbecreatedin
anylanguage.
ThanksandRegards
Akiii

WhyshouldaSingletonclassbeserializedonlyonce?
(/interviews/show/4641/whyshouldasingletonclassbeserializedonlyonce)
IfaSingletonclassisserializedandthenDeserializedmultipletimes,therewillbemultipleobjectswhichwillviolatetheprinciplesofSingletonpattern.
ThereforeitshouldbeserializedandDeserializedonlyonce!
ThanksandRegards
Akiii

SingletonisalsocalledasAntiPattern,why?
(/interviews/show/4642/singletonisalsocalledasantipatternwhy)
It'sveryhardtocreateasubclass,ortocreateamockobjectforaSingletonclass.Singletonmakestheunittestingharder.Singletonhidethedependencies
andmaketheclassestightlycoupledwitheachother.
Fortheabovereasons,SingletonsarecalledasAntiPattern.
ThanksandRegards
Akiii

WhatistheimportanceofDesignPattern?
(/interviews/show/5492/whatistheimportanceofdesignpattern)
Hereisalistofpointswhichshouldbeconsiderassomeoftheadvantagesofusingdesignpattern
Itbringsloosecoupling
Itreducesobjectdependency

Itreducesobjectdependency
Itnormalizesthecommunicationbetweentheclientandtheconcreteclasses.
Simplifiestheapplicationhandshaking
Abstractthecomplexdetailsfromtheclient.
EnhancesReusability
Bringsafruitfulframework
Independentoflanguage
Componentscanbeplugable
Platformindependent
Canbeappliedincrossplatformcommunication.

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