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Description
Sketch
Metallic Projections
A 100:
A 110:
No.
A 200:
Massive projectiions
A 210:
Swells
Erosion,
cut, or
wash
Crush
Veining or
finning
Projections with rough surfaces
Mold drop
or sticker
Fillet scab
Raised core
or mold
element
cutoff
Raised sand
Fillet vein
Sketch
Joint flash
or fins
A 220:
Common
name
Description
Mold drop
(continued)
(a) Defects that under some circumstances could contribute, either directly or indirectly, to casting failures. Adapted from International Atlas of Casting Defects, American Foundrymens Society, Des Plains, IL
A 120:
(continued)
Common
name
Description
Sketch
No.
Description
Common
name
Sketch
Cracked or
broken
mold
Corner scab
Blowholes,
pinholes
Dispersed
shrinkage
Blowholes,
adjacent
to inserts,
chills,
chaplets,
etc.
Open or
external
shrinkage
Corner or
fillet
shrinkage
Core
shrinkage
Slag
blowholes
B 120: Class B 100 cavities located at or near the casting surface, largely
exposed or at least connected with the exterior
B 220: Class B 200 cavity located completely internal to the casting
B 121(a) .... Exposed cavities of various
sizes, isolated or grouped,
usually at or near the
surface, with shiny walls
Surface or
subsurface
blowholes
Internal or
blind
shrinkage
(continued)
(a) Defects that under some circumstances could contribute, either directly or indirectly, to casting failures. Adapted from International Atlas of Casting Defects, American Foundrymens Society, Des Plaines. IL
(continued)
Common
name
Description
Corner
blowholes,
draws
Surface
pinholes
Sketch
No.
Description
Common
name
Sketch
Centerline
or axial
shrinkage
Discontinuities
C 100:
C 110:
C 300:
C 310:
Normal cracking
Breakage
(cold)
C 320:
C 120:
Macro- or
microshrinkage,
shrinkage
porosity,
leakers
Cold shut or
cold lap
Hot
cracking
C 330:
C 200:
C 210:
Interrupted
pour
Chaplet or
insert
cold shut,
unfused
chaplet
Cold tearing
C 400:
C 410:
(continued)
(a) Defects that under some circumstances could contribute, either directly or indirectly, to casting failures. Adapted from International Atlas of Casting Defects, American Foundrymens Society, Des Plaines. IL
(continued)
Description
Common
name
Sketch
No.
Common
name
Description
Conchoidal
or rock
candy
fracture
Intergranular
corrosion
Hot tearing
Sketch
Quench
cracking
Defective Surface
Cope
defect,
elephant
skin, laps
Seams or
scars
Flow marks
D 100:
D 110:
Surface
folds, gas
runs
Orange
peel,
metal
mold
reaction,
alligator
skin
Soldering,
die
erosion
Sink marks,
draw or
suck-in
Slag
inclusions
Rough
casting
surface
Severe
roughness,
high
pressure
molding
defect
(continued)
(a) Defects that under some circumstances could contribute, either directly or indirectly, to casting failures. Adapted from International Atlas of Casting Defects, American Foundrymens Society, Des Plaines, IL
(continued)
Description
Common
name
Sketch
No.
Description
Rat tail
Flow
marks,
crows
feet
Metal
penetration
Common
name
Sketch
Push-up,
clamp-off
Burn on
Burn in
Scaling
Incomplete Casting
D 230:
Dip coat
spall,
scab
Scabs,
expansion
scabs
E 100:
E 110:
Misrur
Defective
coating
(tear-dropping)
or poor
mold
repair
E 120:
Cope spall,
boil scab,
erosion
scab
Misrun
(continued)
(a) Defects that under some circumstances could contribute, either directly or indirectly, to casting failures. Adapted from International Atlas of Casting Defects, American Foundrymens Society, Des Plaines, IL
(continued)
Description
D 240:
Common
name
Adherent
packing
material
Fusion or
melting
during
heat
treatment
E 200:
E 210:
Fractured casting
Common
name
Poured
short
Runout
Excessive
cleaning
Irregular
contraction
Excess
rapping of
pattern
Mold
expansion
during
baking
Sketch
Fractured
casting
E 230:
Description
Oxide scale
No.
Blacking
scab,
wash scab
E 220:
Sketch
Broken
casting (at
gate,
riser, or
vent)
Early
shakeout
F 210:
Pattern incorrect
(a) Defects that under some circumstances could contribute, either directly or indirectly, to casting failures. Adapted from International Atlas of Casting Defects, American Foundrymens Society. Des Plaines, IL
(continued)
Description
Description
Common
name
Sketch
Improper
shrinkage
allowance
Inclusions
G 110:
Metallic inclusions
Metallic
inclusions
Shifted core
Cold shot
Ramoff,
ramaway
Internal
sweating,
phosphide
sweat
Projection
Joint
Projection
Joint
Pattern
Deformed
pattern
Mold
Casting
G 100:
Pattern
mounting
error
Hindered
contraction
Shift or Mismatch
F 230:
No.
F 220:
Sketch
F 120:
Common
name
Deformed
mold,
mold
creep,
springback
Pattern
G 120:
Slag, dross
or flux
inclusions,
ceroxides
Slag
blowhole
defect
Mold
Casting
(continued)
(a) Defects that under some circumstances could contribute, either directly or indirectly, to casting failures. Adapted from International Atlas of Casting Defects, American Foundrymens Society, Des Plaines, IL
(continued)
Description
Common
name
Sketch
No.
Description
Common
name
Sketch
Pattern
F 233 ........ Casting deformed with
respect to drawing; pattern
and mold conform to
drawing
Casting
distortion
G 130:
Casting
G 140:
Warped
casting
Mold
G 131(a) ..... Sand inclusions, generally
very close to the surface
of the casting
Sand
inclusions
Blacking or
refractory
coating
inclusions
Lustrous
carbon
films, or
kish
tracks
Hard spots
Black spots
Oxide
inclusion
or skins
seams
(a) Defects that under some circumstances could contribute, either directly or indirectly, to casting failures. Adapted from International Atlas of Casting Defects, American Foundrymens Society, Des Plaines, IL