INTRODUCTION

& USER GUIDE

BAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM

KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN MALAYSIA

2016

HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0.

INTRODUCTION....2

2.0.

AIMS.3

3.0.
4.0.

OBJECTIVES.....3
.
BAHAN SUMBER HEBAT BACAAN BAHASA INGGERIS.....3

5.0.

CONTENTS OF BAHAN SUMBER HEBAT BACAAN BI4

5.1

Introduction and User Guide...4

5.2 20 Teaching and Learning Reading Units (Modules) .....................................4

5.3 Teaching and Learning Guides ......6
5.4

Computer- Based Reading Literacy Assessment Items ...............6

6.0.

HOW TO USE BAHAN SUMBER HEBAT BACAAN BI....6

7.0.

IMPLICATIONS OF USING BAHAN SUMBER HEBAT BACAAN BAHASA

INGGERIS.......7

HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

1.0 INTRODUCTION
Program HEBAT Bacaan
Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study by the
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) which examines
the scholastic performance of students in mathematics, science and reading to
determine if they have acquired the knowledge and skills essential for participation in
a knowledge society. The study evaluates the quality of a nations education system
in comparison to the rest of the world. According to recent PISA reports, Malaysia
was ranked in the bottom third of countries with a Reading score well below the
OECD average. Malaysias participation in PISA has highlighted a need to improve
several areas in the education system. As a result, the Education Blueprint has set a
target that Malaysia should be in the top one-third in the world for international
assessments such as PISA by the year 2025.
To realise this aspiration, the Curriculum Development Division, Ministry of
Education has been given the responsibility to plan and execute an initiative to
improve Malaysias achievement in PISA. As part of the initiative, Program HEBAT
Bacaan was introduced comprising a resource material for teachers to improve
reading literacy as tested by PISA.

What is Program HEBAT Bacaan?

Program HEBAT Bacaan comprises the development of Bahan Sumber HEBAT
Bacaan as a resource material and training on how to use this material. It is intended
as a guide for teachers to achieve effective teaching and learning (TL) of Reading,
subsequently, improving students reading literacy at secondary school level. Bahan
Sumber HEBAT Bacaan is available for both language subjects i.e. Bahasa Melayu
and English Language.

HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

2.0 AIMS
Program HEBAT Bacaan aims to provide information regarding PISA reading literacy,
exposure to reading techniques and various TL strategies such as Higher Order
Thinking Skills (HOTS) and 21st Century Learning as well as methods to incorporate
these elements into the TL of Reading.

3.0 OBJECTIVES
The objectives of Program HEBAT Bacaan are:
i.
ii.
iii.

To improve students reading skills and interest in reading.

To increase students reading comprehension, ability to evaluate various
types of texts and to encourage engagement in reading.
To develop students critical thinking and spirit of inquiry in reading through
creative and collaborative project-based learning activities.

4.0 BAHAN SUMBER HEBAT BACAAN BAHASA INGGERIS

Bahan Sumber HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris (BI) was designed and developed
to provide a quick and easy reference material for English Language teachers when
planning their Reading lessons. The resource material is intended as exposure for
teachers on teaching and learning strategies and approaches such as 21st Century
Learning, HOTS and Reading Strategies in order to better prepare students for skills
needed in the real world. These skills are in-line and concurrent with the
requirements of the PISA assessment.
The resource material is a guide for English Language teachers in secondary
schools in Malaysia as they incorporate PISA-type reading material and assessment
in their TL. Each reading unit (module) contains a lesson guide which emphasises
relevant TL strategies and approaches in order to develop students HOTS and
improve their ability to comprehend varieties of reading texts, thus, improving their
reading literacy.

HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

5.0 CONTENTS OF BAHAN SUMBER HEBAT BACAAN BI

Bahan Sumber HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris (BI) comprises four (4) main
components:
i. Introduction and User Guide for HEBAT Bacaan BI
ii. 20 Teaching and Learning Reading Units (Modules)
iii. Teaching and Learning Guides (Reading Strategies, Guide to Using HOTS in
a Reading Classroom and 21st Century: Cooperative Learning Structures)
iv. Computer-Based Reading Literacy Assessment Items

Diagram 1: Bahan Sumber HEBAT Bacaan BI

5.1 The Introduction and User Guide section basically describes the HEBAT
Bacaan programme in general i.e. its origins, development, contents and
prescribed usage.

HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

5.2 The 20 TL Reading Units or modules is the main component for teachers
to refer to as a guide when preparing their lessons. The units are designed to
complement the Reading syllabus in the new Standard-Based English Language
Curriculum (SBELC) beginning 2017. The strategies and lesson activities in the
units are developed based on the four (4) themes in SBELC:
1.
2.
3.
4.

People and Culture

Health and Environment
Science and Technology
Consumerism and Financial Awareness

Suggested lessons in the units also provide the context for language use
according to the four (4) domains as proposed in SBELC and the PISA Reading
Literacy Framework:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Personal
Public
Educational
Occupational

The themes and domains form a background to language learning whereby

students can easily relate and apply what they learn in the classroom to real
world situations. The units also incorporate inquiry-based learning in the
suggested lesson activities and an assessment project (project/problem- based
learning) task at the end of each unit.
Additionally, the reading units also conform to the cognitive processes in the
PISA 2018 Reading Literacy Framework. Cognitive processes in reading are
mental strategies, approaches or purposes that is required to negotiate a
readers way into, around and between texts.
Relevant reading strategies are recommended in the lessons to develop
students comprehension skills and it is hoped that with regular practice of these
strategies during lessons, students can use them in new situations beyond the
classroom.
The units also incorporate elements of HOTS, 21st Century Learning and
i-THINK in order to enhance students critical thinking skills, ICT skills, creativity
and collaborative skills needed for the real world. Mastery of these skills are vital
for success in todays competitive global job market.
The units focus on engaging student-centred activities to spark an interest in
learning and to develop a genuine love for reading.
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HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

5.3

The Teaching and Learning Guides is a quick reference material for

teachers as they apply the approaches in the TL Reading Units to lessons. It
includes three (3) pullouts which are; Reading Strategies, Guide to Using HOTS
in a Reading Classroom and 21st Century Learning: Cooperative Learning
Structures. These pullouts contain simplified explanations of terms, approaches
and strategies used in the reading units.

5.4

The Computer- Based Reading Literacy Assessment Items are sets of

PISA-type reading literacy assessment questions for classroom practice or to be
used as a diagnostic assessment to check students reading literacy progress.
The assessment items are organised according to topics based on the four (4)
themes in SBELC.

6.0 HOW TO USE BAHAN SUMBER HEBAT BACAAN BI

There are 20 TL Reading Units in Bahan Sumber HEBAT Bacaan BI and each
unit is organised by topics corresponding to the four (4) themes in SBELC.
Each unit or topic has three (3) recommended lesson activities - beginner,
intermediate and advanced levels.
Each unit includes a cover page, a lesson guide, suggested lesson activities,
and an assessment project.
The cover page is illustrated with pictures or graphics and includes suggested
set induction questions related to the topic as teachers begin the lesson.
The lesson guide (refer Diagram 2) is similar to a lesson plan, detailing aspects
in the lesson such as lesson objectives, strategies and approaches to be applied,
values to be imparted and teaching aids required. Additionally, the guide also
includes PISA elements considered in the planning of the lesson such as the
situation, text format, text type, and cognitive processes (refer to PISA 2018
Reading Literacy Framework).
At the end of each unit, there is an Assessment Project which is a project-based
assignment related to the topic. Teachers can assign the action- oriented tasks
as a form of summative assessment for the topic.
Teaching aids such as reading texts, worksheets and pictures are included in the
appendix in Word format and Power Point slides. Teachers can edit the basic
slides according to classroom needs.
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HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

In order to take full advantage of this resource material, teachers are advised to:
i. Use the HEBAT Bacaan Reading Units at secondary school level.
ii. Select one or more levels to use according to students proficiency.
iii. Check students progress by using the Computer-Based Reading Literacy
Assessment Items (classroom practice or a diagnostic test).
It is essential to note that these lesson activities (refer Diagram 3) are merely
SUGGESTIONS that can be used directly as is. More importantly, it is a GUIDE
for teachers on how to plan, organise and carry out reading lessons which
incorporate proposed strategies to ensure effective TL of reading. The teacher
may choose to adopt or adapt parts of the suggested lesson activities as
necessary.

Contents of HEBAT Bacaan BI Reading Units

Sample Reading Units
Levels 1-3

Focus on HOTS
Reading Strategy
& 21st Century
Learning

PISA Elements

References guides
Diagram 2: Lesson Guide
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HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

Suggested Lesson Activities in HEBAT Bacaan BI Reading Units

Suggested Activities:
May be adapted
according to teachers
creativity.
May be selected based
on students proficiency.
May be used in
progression (Levels 1-3)
or just choose one level
which is suitable.

Activities must be
engaging and encourage
student exploration (PBL &
Inquiry-based Learning)
Reading Literacy
is understanding, using,
evaluating, reflecting on
and engaging with texts in
order to achieve ones
goals, to develop ones
knowledge and potential
and to participate in
society.
(OECD)

Diagram 3: Lesson Activities

HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

Sample HEBAT Bacaan BI Lesson Power Point

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HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

7.0 IMPLICATIONS OF USING BAHAN SUMBER HEBAT BACAAN BI

Bahan Sumber HEBAT Bacaan can be used by English Language teachers to teach
reading by adopting or adapting the lesson guides and incorporating it into their daily
lesson plans. By using the resource material provided the implications are as
follows:
i.

It will transform the classroom TL environment into one which is

student-centered, therefore, making the learning more interactive as it
requires active student participation and teacher facilitation.

ii.

Students will become familiar with various reading strategies and

techniques to improve comprehension and develop reading literacy.

iii.

Students will become life-long readers as they cultivate reading skills

by learning through engagement, exploration and inquiry.

iv.

Students will be exposed to PISA-type assessment items which

measure students ability to understand, use, evaluate, reflect on and
engage with texts and these skills are related to their readiness to
participate in society.

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HEBAT Bacaan Bahasa Inggeris

Introduction & User Guide

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