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Physics Class-IX
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Physics Class-IX
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Physics Class-IX
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Physics Class-IX
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Physics Class-IX
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15.
Numerical Problems
Express 350 C into Fahrenheit scale.
17.
Ans.
9
F = C + 32.
5
9
= 350 + 32 = 662 F.
5
Express 250 C into Fahrenheit scale.
18.
F 32
C
=
Ans.
9
5
9
9
F =
C + 32 = (250) + 32 = 450 + 32 = 418 F.
5
5
Physics Class-IX
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19.
Express 112 F into Celsius scale
Ans.
Temperature in Fahrenheit scale = 112 F.
C
F 32
=
5
9
5
5
5
C=
(F 32) =
(112 32) = = 44.44
9
9
9
C.
Express 58 F into Celsius scale.
20.
Ans.
Temperature in Fahrenheit scale = 58 F
5
5
5
Temp. in Celsius, C = (F 32) = ( 58 32) = 90
9
9
9
= 50 C.
21. The temperature of human body rises by 1 C. Calculate the
corresponding rise in temperature on Fahrenheit scale.
Ans. Degrees between standard points on Celsius scale
= (100 0) = 100
Degrees between standard points on Fahrenheit scale
= 212 32 =180.
Now,
100 C = 180 F
180
= 1.8 F.
1 C =
100
22.
The average temperature of human body is 98.6 F, Calculate the
equivalent temperature in Celsius scale.
5
(F 32)
Ans.
Temperature in Celsius scale C =
9
5
= (98.6 32) = 66.6 = 37 C.
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Physics Class-IX
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23.
The mercury thread rises by 3/5 parts between the standard points
on Celsius scale when the bulb of thermometer is placed in hot
water. Calculate the temperature (a) in Celsius scale (b)
Fahrenheit scale.
Ans. (a) Number of divisions between standard points on Celsius scale
3
3
= 100. of Celsius scale = 100 C = 60 C.
5
5
(b) Temp. on Fahrenheit scale,
9
9
C + 32 = 60 + 32 = 108 + 32 = 140 F.
F=
5
5
Mercury thread falls by 9/16 parts between two standard points on
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Celsius scale when boiling water at 100 C is allowed to cool.
Calculate the temperature in (a) Celsius scale (b) Fahrenheit
scale.
Ans. (a) Number of divisions between standard points on Celsius scale
= 100.
9
9
of Celsius scale =
= 56.25 C
16
16
Fall in temperature = 56.25 C
Temperature on Celsius scale = 100 5625 = 43.75 C.
9
(b) Temperature on Fahrenheit scale, F = C + 32
5
9
= 43.75 + 32 = 78.75 + 32 = 110.75 F.
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Physics Class-IX
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25.
The mercury thread falls by 7/8 parts between two standard points
on Fahrenheit scale when pure boiling water at 76 cm pressure is
allowed to cool to room temperature. Calculate the room
temperature in (a) Fahrenheit scale (b) Celsius scale.
Ans. (a) Number of divisions between standard points on Fahrenheit
scale = 180
7
of Fahrenheit scale =
180 = 157.5 F.
8
Fall in temperature = 157.5 F
Temperature on Fahrenheit scale = (212 157.5) F = 54.5 F.
5
Temperature on Celsius scale, C =
(F 32) = (54.5 32)
9
5
= 22.5 = 12.5 C.
9
The mercury thread rises by 11/16 parts between two standard
26.
points on Fahrenheit scale when placed in hot milk. What is the
correct temperature in (a) Fahrenheit scale (b) Celsius scale.
Ans. (a) Number of divisions between standard points on Fahrenheit
scale = 180.
11
11
of Fahrenheit scale =
= 123.75 F.
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Physics Class-IX
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27.
=
5
9
9 x = 5x 160
x = 40
4 x = 160
Thus, 40 C and 40 F are common values on both scales.
When will Celsius thermometer read twice as much as Fahrenheit
28.
thermometer ?
Ans.
Let the temperature on Fahrenheit scale = x
=
5
9
18x = 5x 160
160
13x = 160.
x=
= 12.30 F.
13
Celsius temp.
= 2 (12.30) = 24.60 C.
What do you understand by the term linear expansion of solids?
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Ans. If the surface area of a material is too small, such that it can be
neglected, then increase in length of material on heating is called
linear expansion.
Physics Class-IX
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30.
Describe an experiment to prove that solids expand on heating.
Ans. Take Gravesands ring and ball
apparatus. Check that ball passes
through ring at room temperature.
Heat the ball strongly on a flame
for five minutes and try to pass
the ball through ring. It is observed
that ball does not pass through ring.
Thus, experiment proves that solids
expand on heating.
Name three factors which determine the thermal (linear)
31.
expansion of solids
Ans. Factors on which linear expansion depends :
(i) Linear expansion in a solid is directly proportional to its
initial length.
(ii) Linear expansion in a solid is directly proportional to rise in
temperature.
(iii) Linear expansion in a solid depends upon nature of material.
What do you understand by the following terms ?
31.
(i) Superficial expansion
(ii) Cubical expansion :
Ans. (i) Superficial expansion, If the material is in the form of a
plate, such that its thickness is too small as compared to
surface area and hence, can be neglected then increase in
surface area on heating is called superficial expansion.
(ii) Cubical expansion : Increase in volume of a material on
heating is called cubical expansion.
State two examples in which thermal expansion of solids is put to
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good use.
Ans. (i) During rivetting of metal plates the expansion of solids is put
to good use.
(ii) In mounting iron rims over wooden wheels expansion of solids
is put to good use.
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34.
Give two examples where expansion of solids is hindrance.
Ans. (i) The expansion of solids is a hindrance in laying electric
transmission wires as they sag in summer and snap in winter
due to expansion and contraction.
(ii) The expansion of steel rails during summer is a hindrance as it
tends to bend the rails.
(a) What is a bimetallic strip ?
35.
(b) Name two devices which use bimetallic strip ?
Ans. (a) The thin plates of two different metals, which are riveted
together at number of points in such a way that they cannot
slids on being heated or cooled is called bimetallic strip.
(b) (i) Thermostat (ii) Fire alarm.
36. How bimetallic strip is used in the construction of thermostat ?
Illustrate your answer by diagram.
Normally, the contact points are in contact with each other and
hence, current flows through heating coils. When the temperature
rises to some particular value, the bimetallic strip bends
downward. This breaks the electrical circuit and hence,
temperature stops rising. When the temperature. falls, the contact
points rejoin and again current starts flowing. Thus, a constant
temperature is maintained.
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(d) The glass is a bad conductor of heat. Thus, when boiling water
is poured in glass tumbler, the inner surface suddenly
expands, but not the outer surface. This uneven expansion
builds a lot of strain within the glass and hence breaks it.
(e) This is to allow for expansion of girders in summer. When the
girders increase in length they move forward on roller, without
exerting any strain on supporting pillars.
(f) The cubical expansion of platinum and glass is almost same.
Thus, when platinum wire is fused in glass, it does not loosen.
However, the cubical expansion of copper is very large. Thus,
when copper wire is fused in glass, on cooling it contracts far
more than glass. Hence it loosens out.
(g) The cement blocks like any other solid expand on heating. If
no space is left in between the blocks, the force of expanding
block will produce cracks in them. Thus, to avoid such a
situation, gaps are left between blocks and then filled with
pitch. The pitch being soft gets squeezed out when blocks
expand.
(h) On heating the rivets expand. When the ends of rivets are
hammered after placing them in a hole in metal plate, their
length decreases. On cooling, they further decrease in length
and hence hold the metal plates very tightly.
(i) Borosil is a special kind of glass, whose cubical expansion is
very very small. Thus, when heated there is not much
difference in the expansion of external and internal surface.
Hence, no strain builds up in the vessel of borosil. Thus, it
does not crack on directly heating on flame.
(j) The point where drop of water falls, suddenly contracts.
However, rest of the chimney stays in expanded position. This
results in uneven expansion, which develops a strain within the
glass and hence it cracks.
Physics Class-IX
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Physics Class-IX
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44.
Ans.
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How do fishes survive in frozen lakes ?
Ans. Only the top surface of lake freezes due to anomalous expansion of
water. Water below the surface of ice stays between 0 C to 4 C.
Thus, fishes can easily survive in water, below the surface of ice.
46.
A deep pond of water has its top layer frozen during winter. What
will be the temperature of water layer (i) just in contact with ice?
(ii) At the bottom of pond?
Ans. (i) The temperature of water just in contact with ice is 0 C.
(ii) The temperature of water at the bottom of pond is 4 C.
Adjacent figure shows a hard glass test
47.
tube containing coloured water, such
that level of water is up to point A. The
test tube is placed in a large beaker
containing boiling hot water. It is
observed that level of coloured water
first drops to B and then rises up to C.
Answer the following questions:
(a) Why is there a drop in the level of water ?
Physics Class-IX
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Physics Class-IX
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51.
Why do water pipes burst during severe frost?
Ans. When the temperature falls below zero degree Celsius, the water in
the pipes expands dueto anomalous expansion. However, if there is
no space for expansion, then it exerts tremendous pressure on the
pipes and bursts them.
Why does a glass bottle filled completely with water and tightly
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corked, break in a freezer chamber of fridge?
Ans. When the temperature of water within the glass bottle falls below 4
C, it starts expanding due to anomalous expansion. Since, there is
no space for expansion, it exerts tremendous pressure and bursts
open the bottle.
53.
Why are exposed water pipes lagged with straw in hilly regions
during winter?
Ans. When the pipes are lagged, the temperature of water within the
pipes does not fall below 4 C. Thus, due to anomalous expansion,
water will not exert force on pipes and hence, escape bursting.
Why are the taps left dripping in sub-zero temperatures during
54.
winter?
Ans. The dripping taps will always create some space for expansion.
Thus, when water in the pipes freeze in sub-zero temperatures, due
to its anomalous expansion, it expands. This expanding water
always finds space for expansion as tap is dripping. Thus, water
pipes do not burst.
55.
Why do vegetables and fruits get damaged during severe winter?
Ans. When the water in the cell sap freezes, it expands due to
anomalous expansion. This expanding water breaks the cell walls,
which in turn damages fruits.
A partly filled balloon is placed close to an electric heater. After
56.
some time, it is noticed that balloon gets fully inflated. Explain.
Ans. It is because, gases expand on heating . The increase in volume of
gas in turn inflates the balloon.
Physics Class-IX
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