-digestive system

Foods on human digestive system consists of several organs, in a row starting from
1. The mouth cavity,
2. Oesophagus
3. Side
4. Small intestine
5. Colon
6. Rectum
7. Anal.

-oral cavity
The mouth is the first channel through which the food. In the oral cavity, furnished means of
digestion and digestive glands to help digestion of food. In the mouth there is:
a.Gigi
Has the function of cut, tear and grind food into small particles. Note the picture beside.
b.. Tongue
Swap the roles of food in the mouth and savor the taste of food.
c.. gland Saliva
There are 3 salivary glands in the oral cavity. The three salivary glands produce saliva every day
is about 1 to 2.5 liters of saliva. The content of saliva in humans are: water, mucus, enzymes
amylase, antibacterial agents, etc.. Salivary function is to lubricate the oral cavity and digests
carbohydrates into disaccharides.
Oesophagus (Esophagus)
Is the channel that connects the mouth to the stomach cavity. At the end of the esophageal tract
after oral there is an area called the pharynx. In the pharynx there is the valve, the epiglottis
which regulates food so as not to enter the trachea (throat). The function of the esophagus is
distributing food to the stomach. In order for food to walk along the esophagus, there is a
peristaltic motion so that food can go toward the stomach
Side
side
Stomach is a continuation of the esophagus, shaped like a pouch. Stomach to
accommodate food up to 1 liter to 2 liters. Stomach wall composed by smooth
muscles that function mechanically grind the food through the muscle contraction.
There are 3 types of smooth muscles that make up the stomach, the longitudinal
muscle, circular muscle, and muscle menyerong.
In addition to mechanical digestion, chemical digestion occurs in the stomach with
the aid of chemical compounds produced by the stomach. Chemical compounds
produced by the stomach are:
Acid HCl, Enabling pepsinogen into pepsin. As a disinfectant, and stimulate
spending and kolesistokinin sekretin hormones in small intestine
Lipase, Breaking the fats into fatty acids and glycerol. However, very little lipase
produced
Renin, precipitate the protein in milk (casein) of milk (breast milk). Only owned by
the baby.
Mucous, protects the stomach lining from damage caused by HCl acid.

Results grinding food in the stomach is mechanically and chemically to make food
into porridge called gruel kim.
Gastric HCI functions:
1. Stimulate keluamya sekretin
2. Activating Pepsin Pepsinogen be to break down proteins.
3. Disinfectant
4. Stimulates the release of hormones that function to stimulate empdu
Kolesistokinin issued resin.
Small intestine

Small intestine is the continuation of the stomach. Small intestine has a length of about 6-8
meters. Small intestine is divided into 3 parts: duodenum ( 25 cm), jejunum ( 2.5 m), and
ileum ( 3.6 m). In the small intestine occurs only in a chemical digestion alone, with the aid of
chemical compounds produced by the small intestine as well as chemical compounds from the
pancreas gland that is released into the small intestine.
Compound produced by the small intestine is:
Describe Disakaridase disaccharides into monosaccharides
Erepsinogen Erepsin active yet to be converted into erepsin. Erepsin change peptone into amino
acids.
Stimulating Hormone Sekretin pancreas glands release chemical compounds produced by the
small intestine
The hormone CCK (Kolesistokinin) Stimulating the liver to release bile into the small intestine.
In addition, chemical compounds produced by the pancreas gland is:
Bicarbonate Neutralizing acidic of foods derived from gastric
Enabling Enterokinase erepsinogen be erepsin and activate tripsinogen into trypsin. Trypsin
change peptone into amino acids.
Changing amylase starch into disaccharides
Lipase Digesting fats into fatty acids and glycerol
Tripsinogen trypsin is not active.
Changing chymotrypsin Peptone into amino acids
Describe nuclease nucleotides into nucleosides and phosphate group
Hormone Insulin Lowering blood sugar levels to become normal levels
Hormone Glucagon Raising blood sugar levels to become normal levels
FOOD DIGESTION PROCESS
Chemical digestion of food in the small intestine occurs in alkaline conditions. The process is as
follows:
a. Foods derived from gastric acid and ambience will be neutralized by bicarbonate from the
pancreas.
b. Foods that are now in the small intestine and then digested according to his substance content.
Foods from the carbohydrate group will be digested by pancreatic amylase into disaccharides.
Disaccharide later described by disakaridase into monosaccharides, namely glucose. Glukaosa
results of digestion and then absorbed by the small intestine, and circulated throughout the body
by blood circulation.
c. Food from the group after dilambung digested proteins into peptone, peptone then be broken
down by enzymes trypsin, chymotrypsin, and erepsin into amino acids. Amino acids and then
absorbed by the intestine and circulated throughout the body by blood circulation.

d. Food from the group of fats, will first diluted (emulsified) by bile produced by the liver into
the grains of fat (fat droplets). Fat droplets and then broken down by lipase into fatty acids and
glycerol. Fatty acids and glycerol and then absorbed by the intestine and circulated to the heart
by lymph vessels.
-large intestine
It is the bowel that has a diameter larger than the small intestine. Has a length of 1.5 meters, and
shaped like the letter U inverted. The large intestine is divided into 3 areas, namely: ascending
colon, transverse colon, and colon desenden. The function of the colon are:
a. Absorb water during the digestive process.
b. Place produce vitamin K, and Vitamin H (Biotin) as a result of symbiosis with gut bacteria,
such as E.coli.
c. Establish a fecal mass
d. Encouraging results leftovers digestion (feces) out of the body. Expenditures ddefekasi feces
from the body ..