Environmental

Report 2015

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

Contents
1. Climate..............................................................................................................................4
2. Energy: 277 kWh/m2........................................................................................................8
3. Water consumption........................................................................................................12
4. Waste management and separation.............................................................................13
5. Transport.........................................................................................................................16
6. Construction and maintenance projects.......................................................................18
7. Procurement: Environmental and social responsibility at UiO.....................................19
8. Environmental management..........................................................................................21
9. Other environmental aspects and conditions.............................................................. 22
10. Networks and collaborative fora related to operational environmental activities..... 23
11. References....................................................................................................................24
12. Key figures UiO 2015................................................................................................... 25

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

PREFACE:

An outstanding, green university

The University of Oslo shall lead the way in the environmental area. Our long-term strategy UiO
2020 and UiOs Master Plan both confirm that UiO shall be a green university.
In 2015, world leaders convened in Paris for the COP21 conference, where they agreed on the goal
to reduce global warming to a maximum of 1.5C. The fact that 196 countries were able to agree
on this, and that the original target of a maximum of 2C was further lowered, set the direction
for further efforts across sectors and national boundaries. The agreement presents research and
educational institutions worldwide with a challenge that reaches to the core of the social remit
and responsibility associated with our activities. The agreement highlights the importance of our
interfaculty programme UiO:Energy.
The energy area is a university priority. This applies also on campus, where we are now
approaching fossil-fuel independence in our buildings. The same applies to our investments;
we are preparing a strategy for divestment of our entire portfolio in fossil-fuel companies in our
UNIFOR investment enterprise.
In 2015, it became ever clearer that mankinds overall activities have reached a level at which
they exert a considerable impact on the Earths geology and ecosystems. Estimates made in 2015
indicate that 60 per cent of the worlds ecosystems are vulnerable and overexploited. Biodiversity
is now deteriorating so rapidly that reports from the EU Commission point out the risk of mass
extinction of species and ecosystems, with grave consequences for people and societies. The Life
Sciences Programme at UiO goes to the core of this topic. We want to highlight this on campus
as well, and have UiOs parks and grounds help increase the green diversity of our city.
In 2015, UiOs new Master Plan for campus development was also completed and adopted. Its
title, Space for an Outstanding, Green University and for Oslo, the City of Knowledge, reflects
a long-term commitment. At the same time, it links excellence and future orientation with
sustainability. Many of the challenges that the world is facing require local solutions. In many
areas we have taken steps towards a more sustainable future, such as when the UiO renovates
buildings with a view to compliance with the BREEAM Excellent environmental classification,
and when students and employees help recycle waste for the reuse of resources. Concern for
the environment among the students is essential to succeed with our environmental initiatives,
and we give priority to a positive and long-term collaboration with the Student Parliament and
various student organizations.
The Environmental Report 2015 provides an impression of the way in which UiO is responding
to the environmental and climate challenges on its own campus. In our Strategy 2020 we affirm
that UiO will take responsibility for meeting environmental and climate challenges through
research and education with environmental relevance, and by operating sustainably. By way
of these reinforced and focused efforts in the environmental area, UiO will establish itself as a
green university. We still have some way to go, but we are on the right track.

Ole Petter Ottersen

Rector of the University of Oslo

Gunn-Elin Aa. Bjrneboe

University Director

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

Heading for a greener university

The Estate Department of the University of Oslo is charged with creating space for an outstanding, green
university. Our job is to ensure that the buildings support UiOs core activities: research, education and
dissemination. The Estate Department (EA) is responsible for energy use, water consumption and waste
management. As a result, much of the responsibility for UiOs environmental footprint rests with the EA.
I am proud of the key changes that the EA has achieved over the last year, and further important
environmental initiatives are underway. The ED shall be a champion in making the university even greener.
The climate effect of UiOs energy consumption has declined considerably in recent years. This is caused
by a reduction in electricity consumption as well as changes in the input factors in the district heating
system. If we had purchased electric power within a Nordic power mix, our greenhouse gas emissions
from electricity generation would have been 50 times higher than now. Instead, we are buying renewable
power with certificates of origin. In 2010, the district heating that we bought from Hafslund contained a
25 per cent element of fossil fuels. In 2015, this had been reduced to 1.3 per cent, meaning a total of 98.7
per cent fossil-free energy. The Environmental Report 2015 shows that there are other sources of greenhouse gas emissions that do not display the same trend. UiO is a huge consumer of air travel. The climate
footprint of this part of the universitys activities is many times larger than that of our total energy consumption.
The University Board has great expectations for UiOs environmental performance. This ambition was
made abundantly clear during the deliberation of the Master Plan for UiOs real estate, and not least in the
decision that all new buildings shall comply with the requirements for the grade of Excellent in the BREEAM environmental certification scheme. Renovation of existing buildings should also aim to achieve the
BREEAM Excellent grade. BREEAM requires a systematic approach as well as knowledge about products
and solutions, and involves establishing environmental management of the entire construction process.
In January 2017 we will reopen the Sophus Bugges Hus after a total renovation and environmental certification. This will provide important experience for future renovation projects.
I wish to highlight what may be a small thing in itself, but one where we have seen a very positive and
welcome development: the use of the car-pool scheme MoveAbout. After some very moderate initial years,
the scheme was recast so that the use of these electric cars is invoiced to the Estate Department. Registration, use of the electric cars was made much simpler, and the scheme has become better known among
users. As a result, the number of users nearly doubled in one year. The number of kilometres driven increased by a factor of nearly twelve! If we assume that most of these trips would otherwise have been undertaken by taxi or private cars running on fossil fuels, this is a major contribution to improving the Oslo air
and reducing emissions of greenhouse gases. If you are not already a user and need transport to attend
meetings, all you have to do is to register. Moreover, the new electric cars are fun to drive!
In 2015 a new project for recycling of the universitys waste was started. By the end of 2016, this
practice will have been introduced in all of UiOs buildings at Blindern, Tyen and in central Oslo. Our
goal is to have 80 per cent of the universitys waste sorted for recycling by the end of 2018. We are well on
the way to this target: In December 2015, altogether 50 per cent of all our waste was separated at source.
The Faculty of Social Sciences, which was the pilot faculty for this project, increased its proportion from
37 per cent in August 2015 to 65 per cent in December 2015.
John Skogen
Estate Director

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

Did you know that ...

unless UiO had bought guarantees of
origin in its procurement of electric power,
the CO2 accounts for 2015 would have
been 58 times higher?

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

1. Climate
A green university is a climate-friendly university.
Since our goal is to become a green university, we
need to monitor our own climate impact and work
to reduce it.
1.1. UiOs greenhouse gas emissions
Greenhouse gas emissions can be estimated in
many ways, and it is a challenge for a large and
complex organization to monitor its total and
actual, direct and indirect, emissions of greenhouse gases. A number of factors have an effect on
UiOs greenhouse gas accounts, including its own
activities, supply chains and external parameters.
Environmental reports such as this one must simplify and select discrete areas to be able to meaningfully illustrate performance over time. This
environmental report will focus on climate-related
consequences associated with energy in the form
of heating and electric power, as well as transport
in the form of air travel.
1.1.1. Electricity: 225 tonnes of CO2
UiO purchases guarantees of origin, and the greenhouse gas emissions are estimated on this basis,
see Table 1. For the sake of comparison, the table
also shows how the figures would have looked on
the basis of a Nordic power mix with no guarantees of origin.
CO2 emissions from power generation depend
on the source of energy (coal, gas, hydropower

etc.) and the degree of effectiveness. The degree of

effectiveness means the proportion of the energy
content of a source that can be used for power
generation. Such factors will vary somewhat between different sources. According to Manual
7/2011 from the Norwegian Water Resources and
Energy Directorate, the following CO2 factors are
estimated for new, major power plants:
Coal:
920 g/kWh
Gas:
360 g/kWh
Hydro:
3 g/kWh
Nuclear:
0 g/kWh
With the emission figures above, the CO2 factor
for Norwegian power generation can be estimated
at 10 g/kWh in 2012, 11 g/kWh in 2013 and 10 g/
kWh in 2014. Figures for 2015 were not available
at the time of writing, but are assumed to be near
the average for the preceding years. On the basis of
the same emission figures, the CO2 factor for the
Nordic power mix amounted to 175 g/kWh in 2011.

Guarantees of origin
All electric power purchased for UiOs activities in Norway
is delivered with a certificate of origin. This ensures that
100 per cent of UiOs consumption of electricity comes
from guaranteed renewable sources. The guarantees
of origin purchased by UiO are based on 100 per cent
hydropower.

Table 1: Electric power and greenhouse gas emissions

Power consumption
CO2 emissions with guarantee of origin
(tonnes of CO2)
In comparison: CO2 emissions with a Nordic power
mix, without guarantee of origin (tonnes of CO2)

2012

2013

2014

2015

79388

79315

76671

74985

238

238

230

225

13893

13880

13417

13122

Previously, UiO prepared greenhouse-gas accounts in

accordance with the international Greenhouse Gas Protocol
(GHG) and the ISO 14064 standard and expanded these
with analyses of selected financial data to present a broader
picture of UiOs total climate impact. Such analyses are best
suited for in-depth studies to identify significant priorities,
and less suited for measuring climate performance over time.
Further development work in this respect is underway.

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

For the delivery year 2015, UiO paid 0.2 re/kWh

for the supplied guarantees of origin encompassing UiOs total consumption volume of 80.3 GWh,
i.e. 80 300 000 kWh.
Power generation is certified in accordance
with the international EECS (European Energy
Certificate System) standard and documented by
issuance of guarantees of origin, undertaken by
Statnett. Accounting of the guarantees is undertaken by ECOHZ AS in compliance with Norwegian
legislation (The Energy Act with appurtenant regulations) and international statutes (EU Directive on
Electricity Production from Renewable Sources).
1.1.2. District heating: 968 tonnes of CO2
District heating is based on the idea of using
unexploited surplus energy. In this way, the dis-

trict heating systems reduce societys total use of

energy resources.
A district heating system distributes hot water
from energy centres to users, and in theory most
forms of energy can be used to generate district
heating. Table 2 shows how greenhouse gas emissions associated with UiOs use of district heating
has been more than halved during the period 2012
2015, while the actual use of district heating varies
within the same area as previously. The reduction
in greenhouse gas emissions is due to a considerable reduction in the proportion of fossil fuels in the
energy mix used for district heating, see Figure 3.
In Figure 1, we can see the trend in the mix of
various energy sources used for district heating.
Incineration of waste (recycled heat), bioenergy,
ambient heat and flexible electricity accounted for

Table 2: Supplied district heating and greenhouse gas emissions

2012

2013

2014

2015

Heat consumption (DDC) MWh

66424 MWh

73279 MWh

60263 MWh

64543 MWh

Greenhouse gas emissions,

CO2 equivalents (tonnes)

2059 tonnes

1612 tonnes

1205 tonnes

968 tonnes

Table 3: Fossil fuels as a proportion of the district heating energy mix 20102015

Fossil oil (%)

Fossil gas (%)
Sum proportion of fossil fuels

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

20.6

10.9

2.8

2.1

1.3

0.7

5.1

5.3

3.1

1.5

1.6

0.6

25.7

16.2

5.9

3.6

2.9

1.3

Figure 1: Declaration of district heating:

Energy sources Hafslund 20102015

Figure 2: Energy sources, district heating 2015

Fossil oil 1 % Fossil gas 1 %

2 500 000

Flexible
electricity 26 %

2 000 000
1 500 000
1 000 000

Recycled
heat 59 %

500 000
0
2010

Ambient heat 9 %
2011 2012 2013 2014

Recycled heat
Flexible electricity

Bioenergy 4 %

Ambient heat
Fossil gas

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

2015

Bioenergy
Fossil oil

Figure 3: CO2 per supplied kilowatt hour 20102015

Grams of CO2 equiv.

per kWh supplied

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Table 4: CO2 equivalents per supplied kWh

Grams of CO2 equivalents per supplied kWh (Oslo)

the largest share in 2015. Fossil fuels (oil and gas)

accounted for a total of 1.3 per cent in 2015. The
share of fossil fuels has been reduced by 55 per
cent since 2014 and by fully 95 per cent since 2010.
Table 3 shows that the content of fossil fuels in
the energy mix for the district heating supplied to
UiO has been reduced from 25.7 per cent in 2010 to
1.3 per cent in 2015. From 2014 to 2015, the content
of fossil fuels has been more than halved.
The greenhouse gas emissions per kWh supplied to customers have been significantly reduced, as shown by Figure 3 and Table 4 (Source: Hafslund). For the sake of comparison, we can take a
closer look at what the level of emissions would
have been if UiO had chosen not to replace local
oil-fuelled heating systems with district heating.
We assume that every litre of oil burned emits
2.76 kilos of CO2, or that the CO2 emissions from
oil-fuelled systems amount to 290 g/kWh (estimated for kerosene). In this case, the emissions for
2015 would have been fully 18 717 tonnes, and not
the 986 tonnes that were the result for last year, i.e.
a reduction of 95 per cent when compared to the
previous energy solution.

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

99

78

31

22

20

15

1.2. Air travel: 5 463 tonnes of CO2

Modern internationally oriented universities are
dependent on air travel for their employees. Publication of research at conferences and project
development across borders require participation
in international conferences and various other
fora. Collaborative activities require frequent presence. Personal academic development often takes
place in collaboration with others, including colleagues overseas. Moreover, international student
exchange is a key part of the training for many
candidates, as well as a clear goal for UiO.
This notwithstanding, the volume of air travel
in academia and UiO raises a number of dilemmas,
especially with regard to the environmental impact
of these journeys. In total, the air travel undertaken by UiO employees has a larger climate footTable 5: Air travel UiO

UiOs use of air travel 20102015

Year

CO2 (tonnes)

Distance (km)

2010

43 818 284

4 129

2011

49 738 055

4 660

2012

54 570 484

5 129

2013

57 831 277

6 041

2014

57 471 937

5 846

2015

57 421 566

5 463

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

Did you know that ...

unless UiO had bought guarantees
of origin in its procurement of electric
power, the CO2 accounts for 2015
would have been 58 times higher?

10

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

print than that of the universitys total energy consumption as estimated in the chapter on energy.
Table 5 shows that the total distance travelled by
air has remained stable over the last three years.
There has been a small reduction in greenhouse
gas emissions over the last two years. This reduction is due to more fuel-efficient aircraft as well
as small changes in the travel pattern.
In 2015, UiO employees flew a total distance of
57 421 566 km. This is equivalent to 1436 times around the equator. The direct greenhouse gas emissions correspond to 5 463 tonnes of CO2.
While most other means of transport can be
fuelled by renewable and sustainable energy carriers, the air transport industry remains reliant on
fossil fuels. Since each flight causes direct greenhouse gas emissions, the choice of working modes
and means of transport is crucial.
In recent years, UiO has significantly expanded
its various options for remote participation and
telecommuting, such as facilities for video conferencing and video meetings, and numerous options for one-to-one video chat and electronic collaboration platforms. This has provided a content
for UiOs travel policy, while also considering that
for some air travel there are no adequate alternatives available today. As stated in UiOs travel policy:
The journey shall be cost-effective and environmentally friendly. Always consider whether travel can be substituted by a telephone meeting or a
video conference.
1.3. Management of funds and indirect climate
impact: Unifor
UNIFOR The Administrative Foundation for
Funds and Endowments at the University of Oslo
was established by UiO in the autumn of 1993. UNIFORs objective is to coordinate, manage and administer non-profit foundations, funds and endowments that do not undertake business activities.
The board of UNIFOR is appointed by the University of Oslo. The board is responsible for monitoring that the administration, management, processing of applications and accounts of foundations
under the administration of UNIFOR are undertaken appropriately and with proper facilitation.
In 2015, the foundations allocated a total of NOK

38.1 million to their various objectives, while NOK

27 million was added from new and existing foundations over the year. Over the last ten years, the
foundations have allocated a total of NOK 365 million.
In 2015, UiOs questions were raised regarding
management of funds in foundations and endowments, including whether the specifications and
the investment portfolio comply with UiOs policies to help provide climate-friendly solutions. The
questions were largely voiced by ongoing national
and international divestment campaigns seeking
to persuade universities to abstain from investments in fossil-based industries.
UNIFORs portfolio shall be invested in accordance with the minimum requirements that ensue
from the principles of the Government Pension
Fund Global with regard to responsible investment, sustainability and ethical criteria. UNIFOR
may extend these principles in accordance with its
investment strategy, and is currently preparing a
strategy to divest its entire portfolio from fossil-based enterprises by the end of 2021.

Figure 4: UNIFORs capital

NTNU

Nansen
Andre

Andre
UiO-fond

Anders Jahre
Throne Holst
Tyen og og Freieafondet
Observatoriefondet

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

11

Did you know that ...

The water in the fountain in
Frederikkeplassen circulates through
the fountain until it becomes polluted
and needs to be changed.

12

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

2. Energy: 277 kWh/m2

At UiO, energy is mainly used for heating or as electricity, either for residual heating or for operation
of equipment and installations. For energy used for
transport purposes, see Chapter 5.
Most of UiOs buildings are multifunctional
structures, and obtaining an accurate impression of their energy consumption is a complicated undertaking. An average building may contain
office space, teaching areas, a caf or laboratories,
and may sometimes even be linked to an outdoor
snow-melting facility.
All oil-fuelled boilers at UiO have been phased
out, with the exception of a boiler at the Viking
Ship Museum at Bygdy. The buildings are linked to district heating systems directly from a
street grid via heat exchangers. At the Viking Ship
Museum, biofuel will be used until the new construction project has been completed. District heating is not available at Bygdy.
UiOs annual consumption is measured in kilowatt hours per square metre per year (m2/year). In
2015, annual consumption amounted to 277 kWh/
m2 DDC. This is an increase of 0.6 per cent from
2014, when the consumption was 261 kWh/m2
DDC.
UiO aims to reduce its energy consumption by
15 per cent by 2020, using 2012 as baseline year.
2.1. Measures for optimization
and reduction of energy use
2.1.1. 2.1.1 Energy management
In 2015, the Estate Department at UiO has been
engaged in establishing an energy management
system. Systems and routines have been designed
according to the international standard for energy
management, NS-EN ISO 50001:21, and include the
following main elements:
Targets for energy performance over time
Organization of the work

DDC = Day-degree correction. When measuring energy

consumption in UiOs buildings, the numbers must be
comparable from one year to the next. We thus need to add
a factor that offsets the effects of cold and warm weather.
This is called day-degree correction, abbreviated DDC. This
correction factor is applied only to energy used for heating of
buildings.

Mapping of energy use and factors that swell

consumption
Preparation of an action plan to control energy
use and increase energy efficiency
Energy administration and key figures that
enable monitoring of energy use and costs
Evaluation of measures and their results
Simple routines to optimize operations and
reveal and handle discrepancies
Efforts to simplify routines and harvest energy
efficiency gains are now underway. Using a more
fine-tuned energy measurement system, we can
document energy use more precisely this year and
in years to come.
The action plan for energy management for
2016 highlights the following measures:
Energy savings shall be measured for each
building.
Energy optimization of the energy-intensive
technical installations.
Harvest low-hanging fruit first: measures that
can be undertaken with advantage without any
major interventions or costs.
Prepare action plans for maintenance and
energy optimization of the energy-intensive
technical installations.
2.1.2. Energy efficiency plan 2015:
Measures implemented
In 2012, ENOVA granted support for implementation of energy efficiency projects at UiO within a
total budget of NOK 45 million. In 2015, a total of
NOK 15 million was earmarked for measures under
the Energy Efficiency Plan (ENK).
Two major projects were undertaken in 2015 at
a total cost of NOK 13 755 000: Establishment of
a heat recycling facility in the Kristine Bonnevies
hus and replacement of window panes in BL15 the
Sophus Bugges auditorium. Measures amounting
to a total of NOK 8 950 000 were reported for 2015.
The amount of support requested for 2015 totals
NOK 2 125 000 (30 per cent of the maximum grant
for the project). The reported theoretical energy
savings amount to 1.7 GWh. This accounts for 18
per cent of the prescribed energy savings in the
approval of the application.

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

13

kWh accumulated

Figure 5: Savings target vs. documented savings, kWh

10 000 000
8 000 000
6 000 000
4 000 000
2 000 000
1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Periods 1 Jan. 31. Dec. 2017
(1 period = 6 months)
Savings target

ENOVA has approved reported measures for a

total of NOK 30 134 000.
The project reports that accrued and reported
costs are higher than the reported energy savings.
Reported costs of NOK 30 234 000 and reported
energy savings of 3.163 GWh amount to 67 per cent
and 34 per cent of the application respectively.
2.2. Energy consumption
Total specific energy consumption 2015: 277 kWh/
m2.
The total specific energy consumption is the
actual consumption per area unit, reported in kWh/
m2 for buildings that UiO owns or in which it is the
primary tenant. In 2015, UiO incurred costs of NOK

108 847 837 for energy consumption through the

year, for heating and electricity.
In the period until 2012, energy consumption rose by approximately five per cent per year.
This is consistent with what is considered a normal increase due to increasing equipment density
and lack of follow-up when no energy management has been implemented. A temporary peak
was observed in 2013. In the following years, this
increase has been halted through a combination of
measures.
The causes of the increase are installation of
more energy-intensive equipment and infrastructure in the buildings, such as cooling facilities,
user equipment and snow-melting installations.
The moderate reduction in consumption can be
ascribed to generally mild winter temperatures.
2.2.1. Consumption costs
In addition to the consumption pattern, the cost
development for energy consumption depends on
two external factors: mild or harsh winters and the
general trend in cost development. After a number
of years with rising energy prices, the prices started to decline in August 2014.
There are clear expectations for better consumption and cost control since the decision was made
in 2015 to introduce energy management according to NS-EN ISO 50001:2011 in all of UiOs buildings. All general procedures and routines have
now been prepared and approved. Energy management will be introduced first in the Operations
Figur 7: Energy consumption cost 2010 2015 (NOK)

Figure 6: Energy consumption 20122015

15 000 000

Total electricity
Total heating

12 000 000

60 000 000

6 000 000

30 000 000

3 000000

14

120 000 000

90 000 000

9 000 000

0
2012

150 000 000

0
2013

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

2014

2015

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Electricity
District heating

Table 6: Energy costs 20102015

Energy cost

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Electricity (NOK)

74 058 597

78 098 211

57 291 071

62 325 476

69 089 524

58 253 971

Distr. heating (NOK)

54 926 535

59 706 802

52 179 283

54 845 287

51 504 497

49 840 496

128 985 132

137 805 014

109 470 354

117 170 763

120 594 021

108 094 468

Total energy cost

and Maintenance Section of the Estate Department in 20162017. The goal is for the ED to monitor consumption on an ongoing basis and obtain
knowledge about the relationship between activities and consumption in all buildings and facilities
by the end of 2016.
The maximum consumption is costly. Part of
UiOs total costs for electric power is the peak
demand charge. This is a cost element linked to
monthly maximum consumption. It has been
impossible to provide total expenditure in the
form of actual figures (NOK) and their proportion
of total costs.
2.2.2. Electricity
The consumption of electricity remains relatively
stable through the year, but with a slight dip during
the summer holidays when the students are away.
This decrease associated with a reduced level of
activity is compensated for by the more frequent
Figure 8: Electricity consumption 2015 (kwh)

use of air conditioning during the summer season.

The reason why the use of electricity appears independent of temperatures through the year is that
the buildings do not use electricity for heating.
2.2.3. Heating: Consumption of district heating
Heating accounted for approximately 50 per cent
of the energy consumption in 2015.
The general energy consumption for heating
purposes is fairly high. The need for heating during
the summer months could be solved by recycling
heat from the ventilation systems. There is also an
acknowledged need for coordination of heating
systems to avoid situations in which parts of a building remain cold while other parts are overheated.
Electricity is used for heating mainly in buildings
outside the three campuses at Blindern, Tyen and
in central Oslo. This accounts for a minor proportion, and there are no plans to, or opportunities for,
linking these to other sources of energy. The KrisFigure 9: Energy consumption for heating district plus
electric heating

12 000

6 000 000

Electricity for heating MWh

01

12

/2

01

11

/2

01

10

/2

01

/2

01

/2

09

01

/2

07

08

01

06

/2

01

05

/2

01

01
/2
01

/2

0
04

01

2 000

/2

1 000 000

4 000

01

2 000 000

03

6 000

8 000

3 000 000

01
/
02 201
/2 5
03 01
/ 5
04 201
/ 5
05 201
/ 5
06 201
/ 5
07 201
/ 5
08 201
/ 5
09 201
/ 5
10 201
/ 5
11 201
/ 5
12 201
/2 5
01
5

Heating MWh

/2

4 000 000

10 000

02

5 000 000

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

15

tion to link the building to the grid was rejected for

reasons of insufficient capacity. Plans for alternative heating solutions are being prepared.
2.2.4. Consumption of fossil fuels and diesel
UiO has discontinued its use of fossil fuels in buildings that the university owns. Fossil fuels may
still be used in some leased buildings. For example,
the consumption of fossil fuels in the premises leased by UiO at St. Olavs gate 29 is reported to amount to 15 616 litres for an oil-fuelled boiler.
Oil and gas are also in use in a number of UiO
institutions abroad, such as in the Norwegian Institute in Rome, where natural gas is used for heating.
Furthermore, in some locations diesel-fuelled
generators have been installed as a backup solution
in case of power outages, for example linked to the
use of UiOs ICT facilities.

The Norwegian Institute in Rome is heated by natural gas

(Photo: UiO/Stle Skogstad)

ten Nygaards hus is the only one of UiOs larger

buildings that is not linked to the district heating
grid, and uses electricity for heating. UiOs applica-

16

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

2.2.5. Consumption of biofuel

In the Viking Ship Museum, the use of fossil oil
has been replaced by biofuel. In 2015, its boiler consumed a total of 44 122 litres of bio-oil. This energy
solution will be restructured in connection with
the construction of the new Viking Age Museum.

3. Water consumption
Water consumption in 2015 amounted to 334 029
m3. This is an increase of 27 per cent over 2014.
The level of water consumption varies through
the year. Ordinary water consumption follows the
level of activity at the university. Large volumes of
water are still in use for cooling of machinery and
equipment. A considerable volume is also used for
research-oriented indoor fish farming.

Figure 10: Water consumption 2010 2015 (m3)

450 000
400 000
381 004.80
350 000

334 029.28

300 000
250 000

256 332.35

238 201.12
235 650.69

200 000

262 347.14

150 000
100 000
50 000
0
2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

17

18

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

4. Waste management and recycling

Waste management systems at UiO shall be further refined so that the university can comply with
the expectations of society and reach its goals in
the environmental area.
We distinguish between waste generated by
daily operations, including consumer waste, construction and project waste, and hazardous waste.
4.1. Waste recycling project
On 1 January 2015, we started a project to establish
and implement recycling of waste generated by
daily operations at UiO. The local infrastructure for
handling of waste will be expanded, new routines
for waste recycling and management will be established, and measures to reduce the total volume
of waste will be implemented. All plans and measures will be implemented in cooperation with users.
The background for this project is that the countrys leading university is expected to have a future-oriented and resource-friendly waste management system. The rate of waste recycling at UiO
was low, at approximately 32 per cent as of 1 January 2014. The solutions for recycling were characterized by low availability to students and employees,
and insufficient information. Moreover, the operative solutions paid little attention to aesthetics.
4.1.1. Goals for the waste recycling project
The project will introduce recycling of waste for
UiO as a whole, indoors as well as outdoors, in the
course of 2015 and 2016. This involves establishment of appropriate routines for reducing the total
volume of consumer waste. By the end of 2016, the

The project Implementation of new waste recycling

systems at UiO was launched on 1 January 2015 on
the basis of the following resolutions/decisions:
Environmental Strategy UiO 20132015
Annual Plan UiO 20142016
Strategy UiO 2020
Report Plan for waste management, 15 December
2014
Decisions in the Estate Departments management
group

Figure 11: Waste recycling rate, December 2015

Source
separation
50%

Residual waste
50%
increase in waste production per employee shall be
halted, and waste production shall be reduced by
five per cent per employee before the end of 2020
when compared to volumes in 2014.
The rate of waste recycling shall be increased from
32 per cent in 2014 to 80 per cent by the end of 2018.
The objective of a 50 per cent recycling rate for
December 2015 was achieved. The recycling rate
for 2015 as a whole amounted to 45 per cent.
4.1.2. New routines
Various trial projects have been undertaken,
involving different containers and their location,
signs and information material, mechanical equipment and forms of collaboration with the refuse
disposal services.
A full roll-out of new waste recycling systems
has been undertaken at the Faculty of Social Sciences. This was implemented as a pilot project with
an emphasis on gaining experience.
Prior to the implementation a number of waste
composition analyses were undertaken to clarify
the potential for increased separation and to assess

Principles and premises for waste management at UiO

Handling of waste at UiO shall reflect national goals
Reuse of materials is given priority over energy
recycling
UiO shall make use of tested and well-functioning
technical solutions
Waste recycling results in cleaner sorted waste and
a higher recycling rate than centralized mechanical
separation of mixed waste
Today, no facilities for centralized sorting of dry waste
types are available
No significant changes in the technical opportunities for
waste disposal are expected in this planning period

In the picture: Rector Ole Petter Ottersen and University Director GunnElin Aa. Bjrneboe welcome the start of waste recycling

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

19

separation performance after the introduction of

new equipment and routines.
We have established a reporting tool for waste
management that provides an opportunity to
monitor and analyse separation rates and the cost
structure.
Daily operation of waste separation systems
involves new routines for operation and cleaning
of buildings, as well as for our refuse disposal
partner Ragn-Sells. We have also established new
routines for handling of the hazardous waste generated by the ED itself. The Operations Section is
responsible for the waste collection points, while
the Cleaning Section is charged with daily emptying of waste indoors. Efforts have been initiated to
clarify the responsibility for general, long-term follow-up of results, quality and routines for all handing of waste.
Inclusion of employees and students has been
emphasized and is reflected in formal project participation by their representatives in the steering
group, sub-project groups and local project facilities, as well as through active trials of new schemes in collaboration with students and employees.
We are working to establish routines for
recycling of waste at events, exhibitions, clean-outs
and other needs in addition to daily operations.

4.1.3. Waste collection points

To continue towards these goals we are also establishing and putting into operation waste collection points that can receive the sorted waste. The
waste collection points have been developed in
line with the stipulations in a design handbook for
these. The waste collection points will be put into
operation as they are finished, in parallel with the
new waste recycling scheme.
4.1.4. Communication
We have introduced a consistent labelling system
for all of UiO and will label, deploy and operate sorting stations in common indoor and outdoor areas,
in kitchens, catering facilities and other premises.
To help the users separate as much waste as possible, we maintain close contact with the faculties,
and we have established appropriate routines for
communication prior to the roll-out.
A consistent approach to communication is
crucial for achieving results in the area of waste
recycling. Waste management is a concern for all
students, employees and visitors. Various communication initiatives are essential to ensure that everybody strives for a high recycling rate. Several
hundred employees are directly involved in daily
handling of waste.
The web page www.uio.no/kildesortering provi-

Figure 12: Distribution of different waste types at UiO for 2015 as a whole (tonnes)
Food waste
Animal by-products (abp)
Park and garden waste
Mixed, treated wood
Clean cardboard
Office paper
Shredded paper
Mixed cardboard, paper, cartonboard
Glass and metal packaging
Mixed glass
Mixed metals
Large household appliances
Small household appliances
Mixed EE waste
Clean soil masses
Contaminated soil masses
Plaster
Roofing paper/tar paper
Mixed plastic packaging
Plastic foil, transparent
Hard plastic, packaging
Expanded and extruded plastics
Mixed plastics, mixed fractions
Infectious waste
Hazardous waste
Mixed industrial waste for separation
Separated flammable waste

20

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

100

200

300

400

500

UiO will assume responsibility for meeting the environmental and climate challenges by providing research and education that
are relevant to the environment and through sustainable operations.

des a full description of waste management at UiO,

frequently asked questions and resource pages for
different units. In collaboration with the national
LOOP scheme, UiO has initiated a pilot project to
develop an online guide to waste recycling that
shows both how and where to dispose of various
types of waste, www.uio.no/sortere.
4.2. Waste from construction
and renovation projects
Waste from construction and renovation projects
is handled for each construction project. Work is
underway to ensure that the total waste recycling
rate is reported for all major projects, thus to enable a concentrated follow-up of these. Construction and project waste is not included in the
waste recycling project; this waste is handled by
the individual projects in conformity with national guidelines and internal routines. With regard
to construction waste, the routines for handling
and reporting will be coordinated with the gene-

ral instructions for waste management at UiO at

a later time.
4.3. Hazardous waste
Legally speaking, hazardous waste includes the
substances defined and listed in the Regulations
on waste management. Hazardous waste is characterized by a content of material that poses a
risk to health and the environment, and must be
handled properly to prevent environmental toxins
from spreading and accumulating in the natural
environment. With its broad spectrum of activities related to research, education, patient treatment and daily operations, UiO generates a greater diversity of hazardous waste than most other
enterprises. This includes organic waste, batteries,
solvents and chemicals. UiO collaborates with the
refuse disposal enterprise Ragn Sells AS on declaration, handling, transport, final disposal and
reporting of hazardous waste.

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

21

5. Transportation
Transport gives rise to a number of environmental challenges associated with the production and
operation of vehicles and the required infrastructure: accessibility, traffic and social planning.
Transport is one of the key sectors with regard
to historic and future climate change, globally as
well as nationally. Globally, only the energy sector
emits more CO2. The emissions from the transport
sector are growing continuously, and this sector
may therefore account for a larger proportion of
future emissions. Road transport provides the largest contribution to global warming, now as well
as in the future. The second largest contribution is
provided by air transport, while the contribution
from rail transport is negligible.
The City of Oslo has already implemented significant measures to decrease environmental
impacts by upgrading public transport and promoting the use of electric cars. The political leadership in the City of Oslo has identified environmentally friendly transport as one of its top priorities.

UiO has also taken the initiative to be included

in this environmental and transport programme,
for example by facilitating the establishment of
city bikes on its own grounds as part of the new
scheme for city bikes in Oslo.
Employees and students who travel to and from
the university use different means of transport.
The high proportion of users of public transport,
in the form of metro, tram, bus and train, accounts
for the bulk of the transport to and from UiO. Many
also cycle or walk, and some also use their private
cars.
This chapter describes the pattern of work-related travel among employees.
5.1. The electric car pool MoveAbout
UiOs collaboration partner MoveAbout has established parking facilities in different locations at
UiO. Efforts have been undertaken to increase
the availability of the scheme. In 2015, this helped achieve an eightfold increase in use, see the
graphs. When compared to the use of taxis, rental

Environmentally friendly transport: The Mail Services and Printing section switched to electric cars in 2015

22

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

cars and private cars, we can nevertheless identify

a potential for a further increase in the use of the
electric car-pool scheme.
As shown by the figures, the number of users
has grown from 148 in 2014 to 278 in 2015. The
number of trips increased from 44 to 354, with
a concomitant increase in total distance driven
Figure 13 A: The electric car pool
number of users 20122015

300

278

200
150

UiO users

250

148
108

100
56
50

2012

2013

2014

2015

Figure 13 B: The electric car pool

distance driven 20122015

15 000
12019

9 000
6 000

Km driven

12 000

3 000

1294

2012

217
2013

5.2. Taxi
There was a small decline in taxi expenses from
2013 to 2014. In 2015, the decline in costs for the
use of taxi services amounted to approximately
seven per cent. We have been unable to retrieve
data on distances driven. We may assume that part
of the reduction in the use of taxi services is due to
the increased use of UiOs electric car-pool scheme.
UiO spent NOK 1.26 million on rental cars in
2015. If rental of transport vans is also included,
the total sum amounts to NOK 2.3 million for 2015.
The motivation for renting a car will often be the
need to have a car available over time. A considerable proportion of the cost is probably associated
with this, in addition to the transport itself. Estimating the environmental effect of UiOs use of
rental cars is therefore difficult.
5.3. Air travel
UiOs use of air travel is described in the chapter on
climate, page 9 in this report.

1076
2014

from 1 076 km in 2014 to 12 019 km in 2015. This

development has a number of positive effects for
the environment:
Electric cars have a far lower climate impact
than cars using fossil fuels.
Local air pollution is considerably reduced by
the use of electric cars.
Car-pool schemes represent efficient ways to
organize vehicle parks and reduce the need for
a large number of cars.

2015

Figure 13 C: The electric car pool

number of trips 20122015

400
300
250
200
150
100
50
0

354
Number of trips

350

53

44
8

2012

2013

2014

2015

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

23

6. Construction and
maintenance projects
6.1. General environmental provisions
in all construction and maintenance projects
General environmental provisions are included in
the Technical Regulations (TEK 10): Measures shall
be planned, designed and implemented in such a
way that the project complies with the technical
requirements for environment and energy. TEK
10 with appurtenant requirements thus define
environmental provisions and are regarded as
mandatory for the activities of all departments.
The Master Plan for UiOs properties, Space for
an outstanding, green university and for Oslo,
the city of knowledge includes further environmental provisions. The plan affirms that UiO aims
to become a greener university. This will involve
new energy solutions and more efficient use of
space. It also means that whenever a change is to
be planned and implemented, the university shall
assess any potential environmental effects, so as
to take numerous small steps in the right direction and thus produce tangible results over time.
Section 3.7 of the Green UiO Environment and
Sustainability plan states that UiO shall choose
cutting-edge, but not experimental environmental
technology for new construction as well as renovation of existing buildings.
The Master Plan also defines requirements for
all new construction projects, and UiO will use
BREEAM to document its own environmental
approach to management of its properties. All new
buildings shall conform to the BREEAM Excellent
standard as a minimum. In renovation of existing
buildings, we will assess whether the building is
suitable for setting BREEAM Excellent as a goal.
The use of BREEAM certification and methodology
will be crucial to achieve UiOs goals in the area
of environment and energy. In 2015, a renovation

BREEAM
is Norways first and the worlds leading project and
audit tool for sustainable buildings. The criteria used
for assessment include management, building layout
and ecology, energy, materials, water, waste, transport,
pollution, health and indoor climate.

24

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

project aiming for BREEAM Excellent certification

was launched the Sophus Bugges hus.
The Estate Departments project manual refers
to UiOs environmental strategy, which includes specific objectives for all major environmental aspects, especially in the areas of energy, water
consumption, use of materials, waste management
and general procurement.
6.2. Environmental concerns
in completed projects
Table 7 shows projects where sensors that regulate light and heat have been installed. In some of
these projects, previous lighting installations have
been replaced by systems that use LED technology.
This has entailed a further reduction in the use of
energy.
Upgrading of the climate screen is an efficient
measure to reduce energy consumption in a building.
6.2.1. Other construction-related measures:
Ventilator cabinets
In the Chemistry Building, somewhat less than a
hundred old ventilator cabinets have been replaced by new ones. The new cabinets have automatic safety mechanisms and close the ventilation off
automatically when the cabinets are not in use.
This not only helps safeguard the health of the
users, but also improves energy efficiency.
6.2.2. Reuse of construction materials
The renovation and reconstruction projects apply
general requirements for reuse of construction
materials. Wall panels, furniture and lamps are
reused. In the Estate Departments project portfolio, three projects that have placed special emphasis on reuse of materials can be highlighted:
Georg Sverdrups hus establishment of a learning centre in a library area
Sophus Bugges hus - total renovation
Georg Morgenstiernes hus renovation of
areas for the summer school, windbreak, delivery area

7. Procurement: Environmental and

social responsibility at UiO
UiO has an impact on the environment and social
conditions in Norway as well as abroad as a consumer, producer, builder and property manager.
Appropriate use of procurement power is essential and has an effect on UiOs environmental performance. Through its procurements, UiO shall
contribute to public utility. This is largely done
through placing emphasis on various elements of
corporate social responsibility in procurement of
goods and services.
UiOs social responsibility is an economic,
environmental and ethical responsibility. This
implies a commitment to sustainable economic
development and cooperation with employees and
students, NGOs, businesses, local communities
and society as a whole to help achieve better welfare and quality of life.
UiO is a major purchaser of goods and services.
By applying environmental and social requirements in tender rounds, the university may help
achieve positive change in society.

7.1. Procurement distribution

With a total procurement volume of approximately NOK 2.5 billion in 2015, the environmental
effect of the total procurement volume is considerable. Figure 16 shows the distribution of the procurement by area over the last three years, while
Figure 17 shows the distribution for 2015 in more
detail. A considerable proportion of the procurement volume is associated with operation and
development of the premises, but scientific equipment and ICT also account for a large proportion.
Further analyses are pending.
7.2. Examples of environmental standards
for procurement
Environmental standards are increasingly applied
for procurement of goods and services by UiO.
There is no total overview of the procurements
for which environmental standards have been
applied, nor any statistics of the total volume of
the environmental standards. The type and scope
of environmental impact will decide what environmental standards will be relevant for the procure-

Figure 15: Procurement distribution 20132015 (NOK)

Means of transport
Miscellaneous
Servicing and
maintenance of
equipment
Freight, relocation
and messenger
services

Property management
500
Services
400
Lease of premises
300
200
100

HR

Office
management

Buildings and
investments
Consumables
and supplies

Machinery and tools

Furniture and
interior decoration
Books and journals

ICT

Scientific equipment
Travel

Goods for resale

2013
2014
2015

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

25

ment. It may be relevant to use environmental

standards as a qualification criterion for suppliers or as a contract allocation criterion, and also
include them as a contractual obligation. In addition to applying environmental standards in individual procurement decisions, it will be equally
effective to include environmental concerns in framework agreements.
The example below is taken from an actual procurement process at UiO (Supply agreement for
audio-visual (A/V) equipment), showing the requirements that were applied. Similar requirements
have been set for other products. In the procurement, documentation of the following aspects was
requested:
EPD (Environmental Product Declaration)
Other certification, such as the Swan ecolabel
or the EU Flower
Carbon accounts
Information on environmentally harmful chemicals

Information on environmentally harmful materials

Information on materials with negative health
effects
Information on noise
Information on energy consumption; electricity
use when idle and when in operation is emphasized
Information on environmental conditions of
vendors
Information on disposal of discarded products
Other relevant environmental documentation

Figure 15: Procurement distribution 20132015 (NOK)

Consumables
and supplies
5%
Buildings and
investments
in buildings
16 %

Scientific equipment
6%
Goods for resale
7%
Travel
4%

Books and
journals
4%

Furniture
and interior
decoration
2%

HR
6%

Other
5%

Office management

Freight, relocation
and messenger services
Servicing and
maintenance of equipment

ICT
8%

Lease
of premises
12 %

26

Machinery and tools

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

Property
management
15 %
Services
11 %

Miscellaneous
Means of transport

8. Environmental management
Environmental management is concerned with
improvements and systematization. Through
environmental management, the enterprise improves and develops its own operations. Environmental management ensures that enterprises focus on
the environment at all levels and in all planning
processes: in plans and strategies, and all the way
from procurement via energy use to transport and
waste production and disposal. Wherever environmental management has been implemented in
UiOs units, it has been integrated in daily operations and development.
Why environmental management?
To reduce environmental impacts
Because being outstanding is closely linked to being
green
To save money
To reinforce H&S activities
To improve the availability of environmental information
as required by the Environmental Information Act

In selected areas, measures have been implemented to establish partial elements of environmental management across the entire university.
Efforts were initiated in 2015 to establish a system for energy management under the auspices
of the Estate Department, and this will be a significant element of environmental management
with regard to resource use. UiO has established
procurement policies that aim to safeguard our
environmental and social responsibilities; this is
another significant area for environmental management. Moreover, when UiOs leaders are trained
in H&S issues, the systematic approach forms the
basis for appropriate environmental management.
Environmental management and environmental reporting are closely intertwined. Universities that have established coordinated systems for
environmental management are reporting in accordance with the specific goals that have been defined. The main volume of reporting follows regular
lines, and key results and main trends are reported on an annual basis. In addition, environmental
audits are undertaken, occasionally accompanied
by certification processes. The way in which UiO
should relate to this in a long-term perspective is
currently being discussed.

8.1. Energy management

UiOs Estate Department has prepared systems
and engaged in organizational development to
establish energy management by the end of 2015.
Work is now underway to implement routines for
energy follow-up as part of ongoing follow-up of
operations. See also Chapter 2 on energy follow-up.
8.1.1. Eco-Lighthouse (Miljfyrtrn):
As of 31 December 2015, the following units at UiO
have been certified as Eco-Lighthouses:
The Student Parliament/Villa Eika
Faculty of Educational Sciences
Centre for Development and the Environment
The University Library has chosen to leave the certification scheme
8.1.2. Certification by the Nordic Swan ecolabel
The printing activities of the Printing and Copying
unit have been certified according to the standards
of the Swan ecolabel.
8.1.3. BREEAM Nor environmental management for
construction of sustainable buildings
The BREEAM methodology and standards define
requirements for systematization and knowledge
about products and solutions. This also involves
establishment of environmental management of
the entire construction process. The scheme provides checklists and detailed specifications, the
degree of compliance with which will determine
the classification level of the building, reaching
from Pass via Good, Very Good and Excellent to
Outstanding.
The renovation project for the Sophus Bugges
hus is being implemented with a view to achieving
BREEAM Excellent. The new Life Sciences facility
and a new building for the Faculty of Law at Tullinlkka will be constructed according to the standard for BREEAM Excellent.
8.1.4. Introduction of Xpand - a management and
financial system for real estate
In 2015, the Estate Department has been engaged
in introducing the MOM system Xpand. This ICT
tool for systematizing and enhancing the efficiency
of planning and follow-up of management, ope-

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

27

rations and maintenance (MOM) of the buildings

will also provide environmental gains in the long
term. By providing an overview of key operational
parameters, systematizing follow-up, analysing
shared patterns and handling discrepancies, this
may become a powerful tool for including operational conditions in ongoing environmental management.

9. Other environmental aspects

and conditions
9.1. Radon and measures to control radon
Radon concentrations have been measured in all of
UiOs buildings, both owned and leased. Interventions have been undertaken wherever required.
Radon certificates have been issued for the buildings.
www.uio.no/for-ansatte/arbeidsstotte/prosjekter/radon
9.2. Phasing out of cooling agents
Synthetic cooling agents have been used in heat
exchangers in cooling installations, refrigerators, freezers, air conditioning installations and
other types of cooling and heat-pump facilities
for decades. In recent years, UiO has taken steps
to replace cooling agents that damage the ozone
layer with less harmful substances. These measures are undertaken as a follow-up of the new
requirements for phasing-out in the Regulations
on ozone-depleting substances. The purpose of
these regulations is to prevent emissions of substances that cause depletion of the ozone layer in
the atmosphere. To comply with the new requirements in the revised regulations on fluorinated
gases, we need cooling agents with a low global
warming potential (GWP).
Leakage of non-natural cooling agents is harmful to the global environment and poses a risk in
the local environment if found in high concentrations:
Depletion of the ozone layer (CFC and HCFC)
Contribution to global warming (all groups)
Asphyxiation due to oxygen displacement (all
groups)
From March 2014 to December 2015, a number

28

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

of directly expanding air-cooling aggregates have

been reviewed for phasing-out of cooling agents.
Altogether 22 installations have been replaced by
new ones that use more environmentally friendly
cooling agents, and three installations have been
discontinued and removed.
Scientific instruments and a number of laboratories in general. To reduce the number of leakage
points and centralize operations and production of
cold temperatures, a joint ice-water facility has
been installed to replace small, local facilities.
Five installations were replaced by new ones
that use more environmentally friendly cooling
agents, and four installations were discontinued
and removed.
In addition, the replacement and discontinuation of facilities achieved a reduction in water consumption of approximately 55 000 litres per day,
previously used for condensation cooling. This
may result in a cost reduction of NOK 270 000 per
year (depending on time of operation). There are
also environmental gains to be reaped by reducing
the consumption of clean water and restricting the
emissions of waste water to be sent to the cleaning
facility.

10. Networks and collaborative fora

related to operational environmental
activities
10.1. Nring for klima
Nring for klima (Business for climate) is a meeting place for the City of Oslo and enterprises in the
capital city. UiO has committed to achieving Oslos
climate goals and submitting an annual report of
initiatives and results in the climate area. By participating in a business forum, UiO has also committed to acting as an educational and research institution and contributing wherever appropriate.
www.oslo.kommune.no/politikk-og-administrasjon/
prosjekter/naring-for-klima
10.2. Grnn Byggallianse
Grnn Byggallianse (Green building alliance) is a
network for competence-building and exchange of
experience for large property owners in Norway.
UiO is a member of this network, contributing and
participating wherever this is deemed interesting
and useful. As a member of the Grnn Byggallianse, UiO has committed itself to active environmental efforts in its existing buildings and new
projects.
www.byggalliansen.no

support for establishment and projects by the Nordic Council of Ministers. NSCN is one of a number
of groups in the Nordic Association of University
Administrators as NUAS Sustainability.
nordicsustainablecampusnetwork.wordpress.com/
about-nscn
10.5. UNICA Green
UNICA is a network of 45 European capital-city
universities (Universities in the Capitals of Europe)
with a secretariat in Brussels. UNICA Green is its
joint programme for the environment and sustainability, launched at UiO in 2011.
green.unica-network.eu
10.6. The Nordic Swan ecolabels procurers club
UiO has joined the Swan ecolabels procurers
club to gain access to competence on environmental criteria for procurement and assessment of
environmental documentation for contracts. This
club counts 43 enterprises that have total procurement budgets of more than NOK 35 billion. The
Procurement Section and the Estate Department
have made use of this opportunity through UiOs
membership.

10.3. Nordic Green Building Council

NGBC is a membership organization for the entire
value chain in construction and property management. The councils objective is to spur the Norwegian construction industry to improve quality and
environmental standards by providing training
and environmental classification tools. The Norwegian Green Building Council (NGBC) owns BREEAM-NOR, Norways first environmental certification system for sustainable buildings.
http://ngbc.no
10.4. NUAS Sustainability/Nordic Sustainable
Campus Network
NSCN is a network of Nordic universities that promotes the environment and sustainability in institutions of higher education in the Nordic countries.
NSCN has its own secretariat under the Aalto University in Helsinki. The network has been granted

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

29

11. References
rsrapport Energi 2015: Project report Building
Automation Advantage Navigator (Siemens)
Opprinnelsesgaranti 2015. (Ishavskraft/ECOHZ)
Rapport Unifors kapitalforvaltning 2015 (Unifor)
Rapport HRG flyreiser: km og klimagassutslipp
(HRG)
Enk Enova status og plan 2015 2016 (Venjum)
Innkjpsanalyse 2015 (Seksjon for Innkjp)
RENEWABLES 2015 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT
(Ren21)
World Energy Outlook 2015 (IEA)
Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity (Science
for Environment Policy, European Commission)
NVE-hndbok 1/2011 (NVE)
www.klimagassregnskap.no Beregningsverkty
for klimagassutslipp fra byggeprosjekter (Statsbygg)
Transportytelser i Norge 19462008, (CICERO)
www.svanemerket.no (Miljmerket Svanen)
www.byggalliansen.no (Grnn Byggallianse)
Oslo kommune: Nring for klima
www.nuas.org (Nordic Sustainable Campus
Network / NUAS Sustainability)
http://green.unica-network.eu/ (UNICA Green)
http://ngbc.no/ (Norwegian Green Building
Council)
Hafslund - Utvikling ulike energikilder 2010
2015 (kilde: http://www.fjernkontrollen.no/facility.
php?id=21 )
UiOs politikk for milj og samfunnsansvar ved
innkjp http://www.uio.no/for-ansatte/arbeidsstotte/innkjop/miljo-samfunnsansvar/ (UiO)
Transport og klima. Forskningspresentasjon:
Funn og fakta om transportens klimapvirkning FUNN OG FAKTA OM TRANSPORTENS
KLIMAPVIRKNING (Cicero).
Radonmlinger i UiOs bygninger http://www.
uio.no/for-ansatte/arbeidsstotte/prosjekter/radon/

30

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

12. Key figures UiO 2015

Tabell 8: Key figures

Registered students

27 886

PhD candidates (enrolled in a PhD programme with contract)

3 018

Employees (man-years)

6 334

Academic employees (man-years)

3 529

Support positions for teaching, research and dissemination (man-years)

1 140

Administrative employees and operations (man-years)

1 665

Faculties

Museums

Libraries, number of books (in print and electronic form)

2 788 982

Libraries, number of current journal subscriptions (in print and electronic form)

32 963

Finances

7,1 mrd.

Nobel Prize laureates

Rankings, Shanghai

nummer 58 i verden

Area, buildings owned

472000 kvm

Area, buildings leased

110000 kvm

Park area

400000kvm

Ref.: UiO.no

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2015

31

07

UR

M E RK E
T
ILJ

37

SK O G - 2 41